•urmAGRlC. 


BIOLOGY 
.LIBRARY 

G 


SMITHSONIAN    INSTITUTION. 

UNITED   STATES    NATIONAL    MUSEUM. 


COLL: 
^ 


REVISION   OF  THE   OHTHOPTERAN   GROUP  ME- 
LANOPLI  *  ACRIDIID^E).  WITH  SPECIAL  REF- 
ERENCE TO  NORTH  AMERICAN  FORMS. 


BY 


SAMUEL    HUBBARD   SCUDDER. 


From  the  Proceedings  of  the  United  States  National  Museum,  Vol.  XX,  pages  1-431 
« with  Plates  I-XX  VI >. 

[No.    1124.] 


WASHINGTON: 

•  KNMKM     Hi  I  VI  I  Ml    OFFICE. 
1897. 


SMITHSONIAN    INSTITUTION. 

UNITED    STATES    NATIONAL    MUSEUM 


% 


REVISION   OF  THE   ORTHOPTERAN    GROUP   ME- 
LANOPLI  (ACRIDIID^),  WITH  SPECIAL  REF- 
ERENCE TO  NORTH  AMERICAN  FORMS. 


BY 


SAMUEL    HUBBARD   SCUDDER. 


Fruin  ihc  Proceedings  of  the  United  States  National  Museum,  Vol.  XX,  pages  \  421 
(with  Plates  I-XXVI). 

[No.    1124.] 


WASHINGTON: 

COVF.KNMKNT    PRINTING   OFFICK. 
I897. 


v 


<#> 


: 


'BIOLOGY 

LIBRARY 
G 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Introduction 1 

Characteristics  and  limitations 2 

Geographical  distribution 4 

Dimorphism  in  length  of  tegmina 5 

Materials,  etc 7 

Table  of  the  genera  of  North  American  Melanopl  t 9 

Genus    1.  Gynmosdrtetes 14 

Genus    2.  Netrosoma 16 

Genus    3.  Parad  ichroplus 18 

Genus    4.  Phaedrotettix 22 

Genus    5.  Conalcaea 23 

Genus    6.  Barytettix ' 27 

Genus    7.  Phaulotettix 29 

Genus    8.  Cephalotettix : 30 

Genus    9.  Ehabdotettix 32 

Grnus  '0.  Cyclocercus r 36 

Genus  11.  Sinaloa 40 

Genus  12.  Paraidemona 41 

Genus  13.  Aidemona 44 

Genus  14.  Hypochlora « .  46 

Genus  15.  Campy lacautha 48 

Genus  16.  Eotettix 53 

Genus  17.  Hesperotettix 55 

Genus  18.  Aeoloplus 68 

Genus  19.  Bradynotes 80 

Genus  20.  Deudrotettix 91 

Genus  21.  Podisma 94 

The  North  American  species 97 

The  Old  World  species Ill 

Genus  22.  Paratylotropidia '. 117 

( Jenus  23.  Melanoplua • 120 

Lakinus  series 139 

Flabellifer  series 144 

Bowditchi  series 153 

Glaucipes  series 161 

Utahensis  series 164 

Spretns  series 169 

Devastator  series 190 

Impudicus  series 203 

Aridus  series 205 

Indigens  series 210 

Mancus  series 212 

Dawsoui  series , 220 

HI 


IV  CONTENTS. 

Geuus  23.  Melanoplus — Continued.  r»&>. 

Rusticus  series 2!H 

Borckii  series 241 

Puer  series 250 

Inormitns  series 253 

Fasciatus  series ; « 258 

Alleni  series 272 

Femur  rubruin  series 275 

Ciuereus  series 291 

Angustipennis  series 301 

Packard!!  series 308 

Texanus  series 317 

Plebej us  series 325 

Collinus  series 332 

Robustus  series 349 

Bivittatns  series 359 

Puuctulatus  series 371 

Genus  24.  Phoetaliotes 376 

Genus  25.  Paroxya 380 

Genus  26.  Poecilotettix 385 

Genus  27.  Oedaleonotus 390 

Genus  28.  Asemoplus 394 

Genus  29.  Philocleon 396 

Genus  30.  Aptenopedes 398 

Appendix 403 

1.  List  of  heretofore-described  species  of  North  American  Melanopli,  with 

their  present  nomenclature 403 

2.  Undetermined  forms 405 

3.  List  of  South  American  Melanopli 406 

Explanation  of  plates 407 

Index..  413 


EEVISION  OF  THE  OETHOPTEEAN  GEOUP  MELANOPLI 
(ACEIDIIDAE),  WITH  SPECIAL  EEFEEENCE  TO  NOETH 
AMEEICAN  FOEMS. 


By  SAMUEL  HUBBAED  SCUDDEE. 


INTEODUCTION. 

THE  PEESENT  ESSAY  describes  iii  detail  and  discusses  the  classifi- 
cation of  a  group  of  grasshoppers  which  forms  the  prevailing  type  of 
orthopteran  life  throughout  North  America — the  common  short-horned 
grasshoppers  one  sees  every  summer  day.  Its  best  known  representa- 
tive to  the  world  at  large  is  the  destructive  migratory  locust  of  the 
West,  the  so  called  "Eocky  Mountain  Locust."  The  outbreak  of  this 
insect  has  been  at  times  extremely  disastrous;  so  much  so  that  a  Gov- 
ernment commission  was  for  several  years  in  existence,  which  pub- 
lished nearly  twenty  years  ago  two  voluminous  reports  in  which  it  and 
on£  or  two  of  its  immediate  allies  were  studied  with  a  minuteness  and 
thoroughness,  and  illustrated  with  a  fullness  very  rarely  given  to  any 
such  insignificant  looking  creature. 

This  destructive  insect  has  numerous  closely  related  allies  in  all  parts 
of  the  United  States,  many  of  which  often  abound  to  such  an  extent  as 
to  do  serious  damage  to  crops,  and  a  few  of  them  have  been  known  to 
migrate  in  similar  fashion  (though  over  a  far  more  restricted  area),  so 
that  they  have  sometimes  been  mistaken  by  the  uninstructed  for  that 
destructive  pest. 

The  group  is  almost  confined  to  North  America,  and  a  great  many 
species  have  been  described  by  various  writers  in  a  more  or  less  desul- 
tory manner.  It  is  the  aim  of  the  present  paper  to  enlarge  and  sys- 
tematize our  knowledge  of  this  important  group  as  a  basis  for  future 
studies.  No  group  of  North  American  Orthoptera  has  been  in  greater 
need  of  revision. 

PROCEEDINGS  U.  S.  NATIONAL  MUSEUM,  VOL.  XX— No.  1 124. 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 1  1 


PliOCEEDlNG-S  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


and  '  twftittitictis.  —  Stated  as  briefly  as  possible,  the 
Melanopli  are  Acridians  in  which  the  antennae  are  longer  than  the  fore 
femora,  which  have  no  foveolae  on  the  vertex,  the  fastigium  more  or  less 
deflexed,  passing  insensibly  into  the  frontal  costa,  the  prosteruum 
mucronate,  no  sharp  and  distinct  lateral  carinae  (or  they  are  rarely 
present),  an  arolium  on  all  the  tarsi,  the  hind  tibiae  with  smooth  mar- 
gins, provided  with  9-14  (by  rare  exception  8)  spines  regularly  disposed 
in  the  outer  series,  which  lacks  an  apical  representative,  and  the  second 
hind  tarsal  joint  only  half  as  long  as  the  first. 

To  state  their  characters  more  in  detail,  theMelauopli  may  be  described 
as  Acridians,  generally  of  small  or  medium  size,  never  very  large,  in 
which  the  head  is  not  greatly  exserted  and  the  face  is  moderately  oblique 
or  subvertical;  the  antennae  are  linear,  longer  than  the  fore  femora;  the 
eyes  are  of  moderate  size,  not  very  strongly  prominent,  never  twice  as 
long  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae,  the  interspace  between 
them  very  rarely  broad,  generally  narrow;  the  fastigium  is  more  or  less 
decliveut,  never  greatly  produced  in  the  axis  of  the  body,  apically  entire 
and  with  no  transverse  ruga,  passing  insensibly  and  with  obtuse  arcu- 
ation  into  the  frontal  costa;  the  latter  is  hardly  rounded  as  seen  from 
the  side,  percurrent  or  subpercurrent,  generally  sulcate,  the  sulcation 
ordinarily  confined  to  the  lower  portion;  without  foveolae,  the  teinpora 
small,  obliquely  declivent,  confused  with  the  front;  the  superior  ocelli 
more  distant  than  the  antennal  scrobes  ;  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  face 
nearly  equidistant  from  the  lateral  margins  of  the  frontal  costa,  but 
slightly  divergent  inferiorly.  The  dorsum  of  the  pronotum  is  nearly 
plane  and  without  a  crest,  generally  with  no  distinct  lateral  carinae,  but 
at  most  with  rounded  shoulders  or  feeble  rugae  to  represent  them,  but 
often  passing  insensibly  into  the  lateral  lobes  ;  the  principal  sulcus  is 
continuous;  the  prozona  is  generally  smooth  or  obsoletely  punctate, 
never  tuberculate,  its  sulci  generally  feebly  impressed,  often  mesially 
interrupted  or  subinterrupted,  the  posterior  sulcus  often  distinctly 
divergent  laterally  from  the  principal  sulcus;  the  metazona  is  generally 
shorter  than  the  prozona  and  lies  in  the  same  or  nearly  the  same  plane 
with  it,  almost  always  densely  punctate;  the  lateral  lobes  are  truncate 
or  subtruncate  posteriorly,  with  no  humeral  sinus  or  only  a  feeble  one, 
the  posterior  lower  angle  distinctly  obtuse.  The  prosteruum  is  armed 
with  a  spine  which  is  usually  rather  prominent  and  conical,  sometimes 
truncate,  never  sinuate,  generally  vertical  on  the  posterior  face,  nearly 
or  quite  as  high  as  the  anterior  coxae,  the  posterior  portion  of  the  pro- 
sternum  not  or  but  slightly  tumescent;  the  mesosternal  lobes  are  quad- 
rate or  transverse,  separated  more  or  less  widely,  the  apical  inner  angle 
rectangulate  or  obtusangulate,  generally  rounded  (often  obtusely),  the 
inner  margins  generally  rounded,  often  posteriorly  divergent;  the  meta- 
sternal  lobes  are  contiguous  or  not  very  distant  excepting  sometimes 
in  the  female  and  then  rarely  as  distant  or  even  nearly  as  distant  as 


NO.H24.  /,'/•:  r/N/o.v  or  TIIK  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDEK. 


the  mesosterual  lobes.  The  tegmina  are  frequently  abbreviate  or  even 
wanting;  when  fully  developed,  they  taper  gently  almost  throughout 
and  are  rather  remotely  reticulate  at  least  in  their  apical  half,  the  cells 
of  the  postradial  area  wholly  or  partially  biseriate  in  arrangement  on 
either  side  of  an  intercalary  vein;  the  wings  are  almost  always  clear 
and  uniform,  never  definitely  pictured,  the  veins  never  scalariform,  the 
areolae  quadrate  or  longer  than  broad.  All  the  tarsi  are  furnished  with 
an  arolium,  the  front  legs  are  less  distantly  separate*:!  than  the  hind 
pair,  the  fore  tarsi  are  of  moderate  length,  the  first  joint  short  or  rather 
short;  the  hind  femora  are  distinctly  incrassate  basally,  generally  sur- 
pass the  abdomen,  the  upper  face  generally  smooth,  the  dorsal  cariua 
entire,  unarmed,  not  profoundly  excised  before  the  geuiculation;  the 
hind  tibiae  have  smooth  lateral  margins,  the  spines  of  the  outer  and 
inner  paries  are  equal  or  subequal  in  length,  those  of  the  outer  series 
typically  nine1  or  more  in  number,  rarely  exceeding  fourteen,  placed  at 
subequal  distances  apart  and  lacking  an  apical  spine  next  the  calcaria; 
the  hind  tibiae  have  the  first  joint  not  compressed,  equal  to  or  slightly 
longer  than  the  third,  the  second  much  shorter,  generally  a  half  shorter,' 
than  the  first  as  seen  from  above.  The  second  dorsal  segment  of  the 
abdomen  is  neither  granulate  nor  dentate  at  the  anterior  angles,  the 
extremity  of  the  abdomen  in  the  male  generally  more  or  less  clavate 
and  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  not  tuberculate,  with  a  basal  median 
sulcus,  a  furcula  usually  present,  the  cerci  very  variable,  rarely  longer 
than  the  supraanal  plate,  straight  or  gently  curved,  never  abruptly 
recurved  basally,  generally  compressed  at  least  in  part,  often  laminate, 
but  with  no  iudirected  median  spine. 

The  foundation  for  our  present  knowledge  of  the  structural  features 
of  the  Melanopli  was  laid  by  Stal2  and  enlarged  in  his  Systema 
Acrideodeorum  (1878)  and  his  Observations  Orthopterologiques,  lit 
(1878).  In  its  present  form  the  group  was  first  defined  and  named  by 
Brunner  von  Wattenwyl,3  who  applied  to  it  the  term  PEZOTETTIGES. 
I  have  here  limited  it  strictly  in  the  same  manner,  but  it  will  appear 
that  it  contains  a  very  much  larger  number  of  generic  types  than  were 
credited  to  it  by  Brunner  and  a  vast  multitude  of  species.  I  shall 
moreover  show  below,  when  treating  the  genus  Podisma,4  that  the  gen- 
eric term  Pezotettix,  from  which  Brunner  derived  the  name  of  the 
group,  has  been  misapplied  of  recent  years,  and  should  be  referred  to 
the  group  called  Platyphymata  in  Brunner's  Revision.  I  have  accord- 
ingly here  named  the  present  group  MELANOPLI  after  its  predominant 
genus  MelanopluSj  the  species  of  which  far  outnumber  all  the  others  com- 
bined. Giglio-Tos  in  recent  papers  has  described  several  new  genera  and 

1  By  exception,  in  one  sex  or  on  one  side  of  the  body,  there  may  be  only  eight. 

2Recensio  Orthopterorum,  I  (1873). 

3 Revision  du  Systeme  des  Orthopteres  (1893). 

4  See  also  Psyche,  VII,  pp.  195-196. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


species  from  South  America;  but  in  the  present  paper  full  consideration 
will  be  given  only  to  the  North  American  species;  a  table  will,  however, 
be  added  for  the  determination  of  the  Old  World  species  in  their  place, 
and  the  South  American  forms  will  be  merely  tabulated  at  the  close. 

Geographical  distribution. — The  Melanopli  are  an  almost  exclusively 
American  group;  a  single  genus,  Podisma,  is  represented  in  the  Old 
World  (and  more  abundantly  than  in  the  New)  north  of  35°  north  lati- 
tude. With  that  exception  almost  all  the  genera  and  species  are  confined 
to  North  America.  South  America  possesses  four  genera  (not  included  in 
the  present  paper) — Dichroplus,  Scotussa,  Scopas,  and  Atrachelacris,  with 
about  twenty  known  species  mostly  referred  to  Dichroplus,  besides 
ParadichropluSj  with  four  species  in  Paraguay.  The  remaining  genera 
are  exclusively  North  American,  but  eleven  of  them — Netrosoma, 
Phaedrotettix,  Conalcaea,  Barytettix,  Phaulotettix,  Geplialotettix,  Rhab- 
dotettix,  Cyclocercus,  Sinaloa,  Aidemona,  and  Philocleon,  with  nineteen 
species,  besides  two  species  of  the  South  American  genus  Paradichro- 
plus,  are  found  exclusively  in  Central  America  and  Mexico,  or  only  pass 
the  borders  of  the  United  States  narrowly. 

All  of  these  Central  and  South  American  genera  (with  the  single 
exception  of  Philocleon)  belong  to  the  division  of  Melanopli  in  which 
the  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  of  the  male  are  not  at  all 
ainpliateatthebase;  and  they  corn  prise  all  but  three  of  the  genera  belong- 
ing to  that  section,  these  three  being  Gymnoscirtetes  with  one  species  in 
Florida,  Hypochlorawith  one  species  from  the  Canadian  border  to  Kansas 
and  Colorado,  and  Campy lacantha  with  four  species,  three  ranging 
from  Nebraska  to  Texas  and  one  found  in  Mexico.  The  great  bulk  of 
the  species  and  most  of  the  genera  (including  all  but  one — Philocleon — 
of  those  belonging  in  the  section  with  ampliate  basal  margins  to  the 
subgeuital  plate)  are  confined  to  the  United  States  and  Canada,  where 
they  form  one  of  the  dominant  types  of  Acridiidae. 

This  division,  that  with  ampliate  basal  margins,  is  represented  (apart 
from  Philocleon  with  its  single  species)  by  fourteen  genera  and  one  hun- 
dred and  seventy-nine  species,  of  which  only  four  genera  occur  south 
of  our  border,  with  thirteen  species  confined  to  Mexico,  and  twelve 
others  found  both  in  Mexico  and  the  United  States;  leaving  ten  genera 
wholly,  and  four  others  almost  wholly,  belonging  to  the  more  northern 
region,  with  one  hundred  and  sixty-six  species.  No  species  of  either 
division  are  found  in  the  Antilles. 

With  trifling  exceptions,  then,  the  division  with  nouarnpliate  basal 
margins  to  the  subgenital  plate  is  characteristic  of  Central  and  South 
America— or  subtropical  and  tropical  America — while  the  other  divi- 
sion, vastly  more  important,  is  characteristically  temperate  North 
American,  with  one  outlier  in  temperate  Europe  Asia. 

The  dominant  genus  is  Melanoplus  with  one  hundred  and  thirty  one 
species  described  in  the  present  paper;  a  number  more  are  known  to 


NO.  1124.  REF1SION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI-SCUDDER. 


me,  but  insufficiently.  Podisma  follows,  with  about  twenty-four 
species,  of  which  only  eight  are  found  in  America,  then  Aeoloplus  with 
ten,  Hesperotettix  with  eight,  and  Bradynotes  with  seven.  The  remaining 
genera  have  at  the  most  only  three  or  four  species  each,  and  fourteen 
of  them  are  monotypic. 

The  genera  with  widest  latitudinal  range  (over  twenty  degrees)  are, 
primarily,  Melanoplus,  and  tben  Hesperotettix  (eight  species),  PJtoc- 
t nluttes  (one  species),  Oedaleonotus  (one  species),  Campylacantha  (four 
species),  and  probably  Podisma  (eight  species).  Aeoloplus  (ten  species) 
follows  hard  after.  The  genera  characteristic  of  the  United  States, 
with  narrowest  known  limits,  are  Gymnoscirtetes  and  Eotettix,  both 
known  only  from  Florida.  These  last  two,  with  Paroxya  and  Apteno- 
pedes,  are  the  only  genera  (with  eight  species  between  them)  confined 
to  the  eastern  United  States,  if  Texas  may  be  included  in  that  term, 
for  they  do  not  extend  west  of  that.  Most  of  the  genera  are  western, 
using  that  term  in  a  broad  sense,  though  Hypochlora,  Campylacantha, 
Dendrotettix,  Paratylotropidia,  and  PhoetaUotes — all  but  Campylacantha 
monotypic  genera — are  peculiar  to  the  Mississippi  Valley,  though  prin- 
cipally to  its  western  half.  The  only  genera  found  across  or  almost 
across  the  continent,  or  at  all  events  on  opposite  sides  of  the  continent, 
are  Melanoplus,  Hesperotettix,  and  Podisma.  Aeoloplus  (ten  species), 
Bradynotes  (seven  species),  Poecilotettix  (three  species),  Oedaleonotus 
(one  species1),  and  Asemoplus  (one  species)  are  characteristic  of  the 
extreme  West.  Finally,  Hypochlora  (one  species),  Bradynotes  (seven 
species),  Podisma  (eight  species),  and  Asemoplus  (one  species)  are  con- 
fined or  nearly  confined  to  the  region  north  of  latitude  35°.  Podisma 
has  also  the  same  limitations  in  the  Old  World.  Regarding  the  distri- 
bution of  Melanoplus,  with  its  great  preponderance  of  forms,  further 
details  will  be  given  under  that  genus. 

There  are  but  few  species  which  range  across  the  continent,  yet  not 
a  few  have  a  very  wide  distribution.  The  examples  of  the  former  are 
wholly  confined  to  Melanoplus:  M.  atlanis,  fasciatus,  femur-rubnim, 
extremus,  minor,  tmdfemoratus,  M.  extremus  only  in  the  high  north.  As 
illustrations  of  the  latter  may  be  mentioned  Hesperotetiix  pratensis, 
PhoetaUotes  nebrascensis,  Paroxya  florldana,  Oedaleonotus  enigma,  and 
the  following  species  of  Melanoplus:  flabellifer,  spretus,  scudderi,  daw- 
soni,  cinereus,  packardii,  luridus,  differentialis,  bivittatus,  and  punctula- 
tns.  Most  of  these  range  more  widely  from  north  to  south  than  from 
east  to  west.  About  three  fourths  of  all  the  species  are  known  from 
west  of  the  Mississippi  River  only. 

J)imorphism  in  length  of  tegmina. — We  find  in  the  Melanopli  every 
variation  possible  in  the  length  of  the  tegmina,  but  the  species  are  ill 
general  tolerably  well  fixed  in  this  respect.  The  same  is  the  case  with 
most  of  the  genera,  the  species  of  which  are  in  each  case  generally 
apterous,  provided  with  lateral  pads,  abbreviated  tegmina,  or  fully 


\ 


6  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

developed  tegmina,  as  the  ease  may  be;  but  all  the  larger  genera  (except- 
ing Bradynotes]  and  some  of  the  smaller  show  considerable  diversity  in 
this  respect;  the  greatest  difference  between  different  members  of  the 
same  genus  obtains  in  the  two  largest  genera:  Melanoplus.  where  the 
species  may  range  from  those  with  merely  lateral  pads  to  those  with 
tegmina  far  surpassing  the  hind  femora;  and  Podisma,  where  they 
range  from  apterous  species  to  those  with  tegmina  half  as  long  as  the 
abdomen.  But  this  range  is  not  confined  to  the  larger  genera,  for  sev- 
eral monotypic  genera  (Dendrotettix,  Phoetaliotes,  and  Oedaleonotus)  dis- 
play a  wide  difference  between  different  forms  of  the  single  species  they 
possess,  in  the  length  of  the  tegmina,  a  difference  which  is  also  paral- 
leled or  almost  paralleled  among  certain  species  of  the  genera  Hespero- 
tettijc,  Podisma,  Melanoplus,  and  Paroxya,  and  particularly  of  the  genus 
Melanoplus. 

This  last  genus  is  of  particular  interest  in  this  connection,  for  it  is 
subequally  divided  between  distinctly  short-winged  and  distinctly  long- 
winged  forms,  which  only  rarely  appear  to  be  closely  allied;  yet  in  four 
of  the  species,  M.  dawsoni,  M.  marginatus,  M.fasciatus,  and  M.  extremis — 
species  in  no  way  closely  related — there  is  a  marked  dimorphism  in 
respect  of  the  length  of  the  tegmina,  the  first  two  being  normally  pos- 
sessed of  tegmina  only  slightly  longer  than  the  pronotum,  the  last  two 
of  tegmina  hardly  as  long,  if  as  long,  as  the  abdomen,  but  all  occasion- 
ally equipped  with  tegmina  distinctly  surpassing  the  hind  femora. 
When, however,  we  compare  these  fully  developed  tegmina  (Plate  I,  tigs. 
a,  c,  /,  i)  either  with  the  abbreviated  tegmina  of  the  same  species,  as  in 
If.  extremus  (Plate  I,  fig.  </),  or  with  those  of  their  nearest  macropterous 
allies,  M.  gladstoni  (Plate  I,  fig.  b),  M.paroxyoides  (Plate  I,  fig.  fc),  and 
M.  borealis  (Plate  I,  fig.  d),  as  in  the  other  species,  we  can  not  fail  to  be 
struck  by  the  common  differences  which  separate  these  abnormal  macrop- 
terous tegmina  from  the  normal  tegmina  of  the  genus.  (See  further  the 
tegmina  of  the  type  of  the  genus,  M.  femur-rubrum,  Plate  I,  tig.  /?.). 
Instead  of  the  regularly  tapering  form  normal  to  the  genus,  the  added 
portion,  which  is  largely  the  extension  of  the  region  beyond  the  post- 
radial  intercalary  area,  is  nearly  equal,  giving  the  tegmina  a  consider- 
ably greater  apical  breadth  and  a  consequent  openness  of  neuration, 
besides  a  less  tapering  form.  What  is  further  to  be  noticed  is  that  this 
apical  breadth  and  openness  of  neuratiou  is  also  the  characteristic  of 
several  cases  in  other  genera  where  there  is  similar  dimorphism  in  length 
of  tegmina,  as  in  Dendrotettix  quercus,  Podisma  alpina,  and  Phoetaliotes 
nebrascensis  (Plate  I,  fig.  e).  In  Podisma  the  most  abbreviated  form  ot 
wing  is  plainly  normal,  and  I  am  therefore  inclined  from  these  examples 
to  regard  the  abbreviated  as  the  normal  form  in  Dendrotettix,  Phoeta- 
liotes,smd  the  species  of  Melanoplus  (except,  of  course,  M.  femur-rubrum) 
here  illustrated.  The  same,  however,  is  not  the  case  in  Oedaleonotus, 
where  dimorphism  of  similar  degree  is  found,  and  it  is  therefore  prob- 


N0. 1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  7 

able  that  the  fully  equipped  form  is  here  the  normal,  although,  so  far  as 
we  now  know,  it  is  much  less  commonly  found  than  the  brachypterous 
forms.  Other  instances  where  there  is  considerable  but  not  so  marked 
nor  perhaps  so  uniform  a  difference  in  win^-length  is  in  Paroxya  flori- 
(lana  and  perhaps  Hesperotettix  viridis,  in  both  which  genera  the  length 
of  the  tegmina  is  variable.  In  these  two  species  the  tegmina  are  not 
apically  broad  in  the  macropterous  forms,  and  differ  only  in  length  from 
the  brachypterous  forms. 

MtttcrialKj  etc. — The  specimens  forming  the  basis  of  the  present  study 
are  in  my  own  cabinet,  which  contains,  often  in  large  series,  the  greater 
portion  of  the  species,  collected  in  large  part  by  myself  in  different 
sections  of  the  country,  but  supplemented  by  specimens  secured  from 
the  Texan  collections  of  Boll  and  Belfrage,  a  large  series  from  Iowa 
and  Illinois  obtained  by  Doctor  J.  A.  Allen,  and  others  from  the  South- 
western States  and  Mexico  by  Edward  Palmer;  besides  the  entire  col- 
lection of  Mr.  P.  E.  Uhler,  who  many  years  ago  generously  turned  over 
to  me  his  own  private  collection,  containing  among  other  things  many 
specimens  obtained  from  the  early  explorers  of  the  West. 

Through  the  favor  of  the  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Smithsonian 
Institution,  in  charge  of  the  United  States  National  Museum,  Doctor  G. 
Brown  Goode,  and  the  Honorary  Curator  of  Insects  in  the  same  insti- 
tution, Doctor  C.  V.  Eiley,  I  have  had  the  Museum's  entire  collection  of 
Melanopli  in  my  hands  during  this  study.  The  collections  of  the 
Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology  in  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  have 
also  been  open  to  me.  My  neighbors  and  colleagues,  Mr.  Samuel  Hen- 
shaw  and  Mr.  A.  P.  Morse,  have  also  placed  all  their  Melanopli  in  my 
hands;  and  from  Professor  Lawrence  Bruner,  of  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  I 
have  received  a  complete  series  of  all  the  forms  known  to  him,  which  has 
been  on  the  whole  the  most  important  aid  I  have  received.  Professor 
Jerome  McNeill,  who  had  begun  a  study  of  the  Melanopli,  mainly  of  the 
National  Museum,  not  only  generously  transferred  the  work  to  my  hands, 
but  gave  me  free  use  of  his  notes  and  sent  me  several  species  otherwise 
unknown  to  me.  The  University  of  Kansas  sent  me  a  series  of  interest- 
ing western  forms  in  its  museum,  Mr.  W.  S.  Blatchley  a  series  of  the 
Indiana  species  known  to  him,  Professor  C.  P.  Gillette  interesting  forms 
from  Colorado,  and  Professor  H.  B.  Weed  a  few  from  Mississippi.  All 
of  these  gentlemen  have  freely  answered  many  inquiries  made  of  them, 
and  any  failing  in  the  present  paper  must  be  laid  at  my  door.  In  this 
way  I  have  seen  the  types  of  nearly  all  the  species  described  from 
North  America,  and  while  in  England  Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw  kindly 
examined  for  me  several  of  Walker's  types  at  the  British  Museum.  I 
have  been  further  aided  for  the  European  species  by  Hofrath  Brunner 
von  Wattenwyl,  Doctor  Chr.  Aurivillius,  and  Mons.  A.  de  Bormaus. 

In  all,  I  have  examined  for  the  purposes  of  this  paper  nearly  eight 
thousand  specimens,  of  which  about  seven  thousand  belong  to  the 


8  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

single  genus  Melanoplus.  The  sexes  are  nearly  equally  divided,  the 
males  forming  about  forty-six  per  cent  of  the  whole.  Thirty  genera 
(eighteen  new)  and  two  hundred  and  seven  species  (one  hundred  and 
fifteen  new)  are  described  in  the  present  paper. 

Finally,  by  the  aid  of  a  grant  from  the  ELIZABETH  THOMPSON  SCI- 
ENCE FUND  I  have  been  able  to  procure  illustrations  of  the  abdominal 
appendages  of  every  avaiable  species. 

A  few  words  should  be  added  regarding  certain  details  of  presenta- 
tion: Instead  of  giving  the  range  of  variation  in  the  measurements  of 
each  species,  I  have  selected  as  far  as  possible  typical  average  speci- 
mens, male  and  female,  for  the  purpose,  taking  the  measurements  of  all 
parts  from  the  same  individuals.  The  number  of  individuals  of  each 
species  seen  is  given,  and  the  localities  from  which  they  came  immedi- 
ately added,  with  the  name  of  the  collector  (when  not  myself),  and 
when  not  from  my  own  collection,  the  source  from  which  I  have  received 
them  stated  (in  parentheses);  occasionally  my  own  name  is  there 
added,  when  specimens  from  the  same  source  are  also  found  in  my  col- 
lection ;  where  no  parenthesis  follows  the  locality,  the  specimens  referred 
to  are  in  my  collection. 

In  describing  the  abdominal  appendages  of  the  males,  I  have  found 
it  convenient  to  introduce  a  few  new  terms.  These  are:  Furcula  for 
the  pair  of  backward-directed  apophyses  of  the  last  dorsal  segment, 
which  overlie,  generally  in  a  more  or  less  forked  position,  the  base  of 
the  supraanal  plate ;  infracercal  plates  for  the  variously  developed  but 
generally  inconspicuous  paired  plates,  which  underlie  in  part  the  cerci, 
in  part  the  lateral  portions  of  the  supraanal  plate;  and.  pallium  for  the 
sometimes  erectile,  membranous  pellicle  partially  closing  the  open 
cavity  formed  of  the  walls  of  the  subgenital  plate,  and  variously  devel- 
oped in  the  different  genera. 

December  20,  1895. 

NOTE. — The  exclamation  point  employed  in  the  synonymy  of  the  species  has  its  usual 
significance — that  the  reference  is  authoritative  from  an  examination  of  the  original 
types  of  the  author  in  the  passage  referred  to,  with  the  present  paper  in  view. 


NO.  1124.  EE 'VISION  OF  THE  MELAyOPLT—SCUDDER. 


ANALYTICAL,  KEY  TO  THE  GENERA  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  MELANOPLI 
(INCLUDING   THE   OLD  WORLD    FORMS).1 

A1.  Lateral  margins  of  subgenital  plate  (last  ventral  segment)  of  male,  as  seen  later- 
ally, straight  throughout,  or  very  slightly  convex,  never  at  all  abruptly  ampliate 
at  the  base. 
ft1.  Bony  exceptionally  slender;  mesosternal  lobes  subattingent  in  both  sexes;  pro- 

zona  three  times  as  long  as  metazona 1.  Gymnoscirtetes  (p.  14). 

ft-.  Body  not  exceptionally  slender;  mesosternal  lobes  in  both  sexes  so  widely  sep- 
arated that  the  interspace  between  them  is  at  most  twice  as  long  as  broad ;  prozona 
not  more  than  twice  as  long  as  metazona. 

c1.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  decidedly  transverse,  some- 
times twice  as  broad  as  long;  of  male  sometimes  transverse,  sometimes  quadrate 
or  subquadrate;  tegmina  lobiform,  linear,  or  wanting. 

d1'  Interspace  between  mesothoracic  lobes  of  male  decidedly  transverse,  as 
broad  as  or  broader  than  the  lobes;  the  pronotum  without  lateral  carinae; 

tegmina  ovate  or  wanting 2.  Netrosoma  (p.  16). 

-    d*.  Interspace  between  mesothoracic  lobes  of  male  quadrate  or  subquadrate, 

or,  if  feebly  transverse  (as  in  Paradichroplus),  not  so  broad  as  the  lobes,  and 

then  the  pronotum  furnished  with  lateral  carinae;  tegmina  ovate  or  linear. 

c1.  Subgenitnl  plate  of  male  pyramidal,  pointed,  a  slight  tubercle  extending 

beyond  its  posterior  margin,  but  the  margin  extending  well  beyond  the  apex 

of  the  supraanal  plate 3.  Paradicliroplua  (p.  18). 

e''.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  more  or  less  conically  protuberant  apically,  but 
its  interior  apical  margin  not  surpassing  or  barely  surpassing  the  apex  of  the 
supraanal  plate. 

/'.  Apical  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  small,  extending  but  a  short  dis- 
tance beyond  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  of  male  abruptly  narrowed  before 
the  middle  by  excision  of  the  inferior  margin,  the  apical  half  narrow;  lat- 
eral carinae  of  pronotum  wholly  wanting 4.  Phaedrotettix  (p.  22). 

/2.  Nearly  the  whole  subgenital  plate  forming  a  blunt  conical  tubercle 
projecting  some  distance  beyond  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  of  male  form- 
ing broad,  apically  decurved,  subfalcate  laminae;  lateral  carinae  of  pro- 

notuui  more  or  less  distinct 5.  Conalcaea  (p.  23.) 

c°.  Interspace  between  iresosternal  lobes  of  female  generally  longer  than  broad, 
sometimes  quadrate  rarely  feebly  transverse2;  of  male  never  at  all  transverse 
(except  feebly  in  Siualoa  and  Cephalotettix) ;  tegmiua  variable. 
dj.  Tegmiua  never  fully  developed,  rarely  as  long  as  the  prouotum,  lateral 
and  ovate,  or  linear,  or  wholly  wanting;  hind  margin  of  pronotum  distinctly 
truncate;  fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  (except  in  Phaulotettix)  distinctly 
more  gibbous  than  in  the  female. 

e1.  Furcula  of  male  wanting  or  forming  a  pair  of  brief  lobes  at  most  no 
longer  than  broad. 

1  By  permission  of  the  Assistant  Secretary  this  key  has  been  issued  in  advance  in 
the  Proceedings  of  the  American  Academy,  XXXII,  No.  9. 

2  CephalotcttijL,  in  which  the  female  is  unknown,  is  placed  in  this  division. 


10  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

fl.  Last  dorsal  segment  of  male  furnished  rnesially  with  a  pair  of  slightly 
protuberant  rounded  lobes;  cerei  of  male  compressed  laminate,  beyond 
the  slightly  narrowing  basal  portion  equal  or  stibequal,  the  tip  curved 
downward  or  inferiorly  angulate  at  apex. 

gl.  Prosternal  spine  erect ;  interspace  between  mesothoracic  lobes  of  male 
nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad;  fore  and  middle  femora  of  mule  notice- 
ably gibbous;  subgeuital  plate  of  male  terminating  in  a  large  conical 

tubercle 6.  Barytettix  (p.  27). 

g".  Prosternal  spine  retrorse;  interspace  between  mesothoracic  lobes  of 
male  only  a  little  longer  than  broad;  fore  and  middle  femora  of  male 
only  slightly  gibbous;  subgenital  plate  of  male  with  no  apical  tubercle. 

7.  Phaulotettix  (p.  29). 

/2.  Last  dorsal  segment  of  male  entirely  without  projecting  lobes  or  fur- 
cula  in  any  form,  unless  as  exceptionally  broad  and  short  sessile  plates; 
cerci  of  male  (except  in  Cephalotettix)  apically  acuminate  or  curved 
upward. 

01.  Head  large  and  eyes,  at  least  in  male,  large  and  very  prominent,  the 
breadth  of  the  head  distinctly  exceeding  the  greatest  width  of  the  pro- 
notum;  interspace  between  mesothoracic  lobes  of  male  slightly  trans- 
verse    8.  Cephalolettix  (p.  30) . 

(f.  Head  normal  and  eyes  not  very  prominent  even  in  the  male,  so  that 
the  breadth  of  the  head  does  not  exceed  the  greatest  width  of  the  pro- 
notum;  interspace  between  mesothoracic  lobes  of  male  distinctly  longer 
than  broad. 

ft1.  Tegmina  lobiform;  subgenital  plate  of  male  protruding  beyond 
the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  less  than  half  the  length  of  the 
latter;  cerci  of  male  compressed,  subequal,  the  tip  broad. 

9.  KliaMoiettix  (p.  32). 

h2.  Tegmina  linear ;  subgenital  plate  of  male  protruding  beyond  the 
tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  much  more  than  half  the  length  of  the 
latter;  cerci  of  male  tapering  from  the  base,  the  tip  acuminate. 

10.  Cyclocercus  (p.  36). 

e2.  Furcula  of  male  consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel,  attingeut,  cylindrical 
prominences,  generally  at  least  twice  as  long  as  broad. 

/'.  Tegmina  lobiform;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male 
slightly  transverse ;  cerci  of  male  forming  compressed,  subequal  laminae. 

11.  Sinaloa  (p.  10). 
/2.  Tegmina  wanting ;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  longer 

than  broad;  cerci  of  male  styliform,  conical 12.  Paraidemona  (p.  41). 

d*.  Tegmina  fully  developed  or  abbreviate,  never  much  if  any  shorter  than 
thepronotum;  hind  margin  of  pronotuin  distinctly  angulate;  fore  and  middle 
femora  scarcely  more  gibbous  in  the  male  than  in  the  female  (except  in  some 
species  of  Campylacantha). 

c1.  Tegmma  fully  developed;  disk  of  pronotum  nearly  flat,  the  lateral  lobes 
nearly  at  right  angles  to  it,  the  posterior  margin  rectangulate  or  subrectau- 
gulate;  prosterual  spine  quadrate,  appressed,  broadly  truncate. 

13.  Aidemona  (p.  44). 

e2.  Tegmina  abbreviate;  disk  of  pronotum  tectiform,  the  posterior  margin 
obtusangulate;  prosterual  spine  more  or  less  conical  and  acuminate. 
/'.  Head  not  prominent,  the  summit  very  slightly  arched  longitudinally; 
prosternal  spine  erect;  furcula  of  male  composed  of  projecting  cylindrical 

lingers;  surface  of  the  body  very  feebly  pilose 14.  Hypochlora  (p.  46). 

f*.  Head  prominent,  the  summit  strongly  arched  longitudinally;  proster- 
ual spine  more  or  less  retrorse ;  furcula  of  male  reduced  to  slight,  scarcely 
projecting  lobes;  surface  of  body  rather  densely  pilose. 

15.  Campylacanlha  (p.  48). 


MO.  11 24.  REVISION  OF  THE  MEL  AX  OP  LI—  SC  UDDER.  H 

A2.  Lateral  margins  of  subgeuital  plate  of  male  suddenly  ampliate  to  a  considerable 
degree  at  the  base;  or  if  not  to  a  considerable  degree,  then  the  entire  margin  rather 
strongly  convex  or  sinuate. 

&1.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  furnished  with  a  distinct  subapical  tubercle  (i.  e.,  one 
in  which  the  apical  margin  does  not  pass  through  and  form  a  part  of  the  summit 
of  the  tubercle,  but  where  it  is  distinctly  separated  from  that  summit),  but  not 
otherwise  tumesceut.' 

c1.  Median  carina  of  pronotum  well  developed  and  equally  developed  through- 
out, accompanied  on  the  front  of  the  prozona  by  distinct  lateral  carinae;  pro 
sternal  spine  sharply  acuminate;  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  directed  wholly 
backward,  occupying  the  middle  of  the  terminal  portion  of  the  plate;  furcula 

distinctly  developed 16.  Eotettix  (p.  53). 

( •-'.  Median  carina  of  pronotum  feebly  developed  and  generally  much  more  feebly 
on  the  prozona  than  on  the  nietazona,  accompanied  by  no  lateral  carinae  what- 
ever; prosternal  spine  bluntly  acuminate;  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  directed 
upward  or  upward  and  backward,  occupying  the  upper  extremity  of  the  ter- 
minal portion  of  the  plate. 

rf1.  Body  relatively  slender  and  compressed,  not  much  enlarged  at  the  rneta- 
thorax,  particularly  in  the  male;  disk  of  the  pronotum  tectiform,3  the  prozona 
not  distinguished  from  the  metazona  either  by  its  plane  or  by  any  lack  of  a 
median  carina,  which  latter  is  generally  marked  in  color;  pronotum  fully  half 
as  long  again  as  broad;  hind  femora  long  and  slender;  apical  tubercle  of  male 
abdomen  prominent;  furcula  present  as  distinctly  projecting  lobes;  terminal 
segments  of  female  abdomen  not  abbreviated,  the  ovipositor  fully  exserted. 

17.  Hesperotettix  (p.  55).  l^ 

d'2.  Body  relatively  short  and  stout,  considerably  enlarged  at  the  metathorax 
even  in  the  male;  disk  of  pronotum  gently  convex  transversely,  the  prozona 
slightly  and  independently  tumid  with  no  median  carina,  thus  distinguishing 
it  from  the  metazona ; 3  hind  femora  relatively  short  and  stout ;  apical  tubercle 
of  male  abdomen  not  very  prominent;  furcula-  scarcely  or  not  apparent;  termi- 
nal segments  of  female  abdomen  abbreviated,  the  ovipositor  only  partially 

,       exserted 18.  Aeoloplus  (p.  68).   (/ 

l^ft2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  with  110  distinct  subapical  tubercle,  but  often  apically 
prolonged  or  tumescent.4 

c1.  Meso-  and  metastethia  together,  in  both  sexes,  no  longer  or  scarcely  longer 
than  broad;  metastethium  narrowing  but  little  posteriorly,  so  that  the  portion 
behind  the  metasternal  lobes  is  but  little  narrower  than  the  rest,  rarely  (in  the 
male)  less  than  three-fourths  its  width ;  cerei  of  male  very  simple,  subconical, 

straight;  ovipositor  half  concealed 19.  Bralynotes  (p.  80).  ^ 

-,c2.  Meso-  and  metastethia  together,  at  least  in  the  male  and  nearly  always  in 
both  sexes,  distinctly  longer  than  the  width  of  the  metastethium;  the  latter 
rapidly  narrowing  posteriorly,  so  that  the  portion  behind  the  metasternal  lobes 
is  not,  or  is  hardly  more  than,  one-half  the  greatest  width  of  the  metastethium; 
cerci  of  male  variable;  ovipositor  generally  fully  exserted. 
d1.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  distinctly  transverse,5  as 


1  See  note  under  alternate  category. 

2 This  feature  is  not  so  apparent  in  the  first  three  species  of  Hesperotettix  as  in  the 
others. 

3  This  feature  is  less  marked  in  Ae.  tenuipennis  and  Ae.  elegans  than  in  the  others. 

4 There  is  a  minute  subapical  tubercle  in  some  species  of  the  flabellifer  series  of 
Melanoplus,  but  in  these  the  male  cerci  are  exceptionally  broad  and  flabellate,  while 
in  the  species  of  the  alternate  category  ( J2  ft1)  the  cerci  are  very  slender  and  tapering. 

filn  many  cases  the  interspace  is  truncato-cuneiform  or  broadly  clep.'ydral,  in 
which  cases  the  breadth  is  to  be  measured  in  the  middle.  In  a  single  species  of 
Podisma,  P.  dairisama,  the  interspace  is  slightly  longitudinal. 


12  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


v 


broad  as,  or  nearly  as  broad  as,  the  lobes  themselves;  of  the  i'emale  distinctly 
or  strongly  transverse,  fully  as  broad  as  or  (and  generally)  broader  than  the 
lobes;  metasternal  lobes  of  male  generally  distinctly  distant,  occasionally 
approximate;  of  the  female  generally  more  distant,  the  interspace  in  the  latter 
generally  as  wide  as  or  wider  than  the  frontal  costa;  tegniina  typically 
abbreviate. 

el.  Face  almost  vertical;  eyes  small,  but  prominent  and  widely  distant;  pro- 
notum  constricted  in  the  middle,  with  deeply  impressed  transverse  sulci,  and 
the  lateral  lobes  not  obliquely  truncate  apically  in  front;  distinct  lateral 

carinae 20.  Dendrotettix  (p.  91). 

e2.  Face  a  little  oblique;  eyes  rather  large,  not  very  prominent,  and  not 
greatly  distant;  pronotum  not,  or  but  feebly,  constricted  in  the  middle, 
with  generally  feebly  impressed  transverse  sulci  and  the  lateral  lobes 

obliquely  truncate  apically  on  the  anterior  section 21.  Podisma  (p.  94). 

If1.  Pronotum  of  subequal  width,  the  sides  nearly  parallel ;  subgenital 

plate  of  male  normal... Podisma,  s.s. 

/2.  Pronotum  enlarging  posteriorly,  conspicuously  in  the  female;  sub- 
genital  plate  of  male  exceptionally  expanded,  laterally  tumid  and  elevated 

premarginally Eupodisma.] 

d2.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  generally  longer  or  much  longer 
than  broad  in  the  male,  almost  never  (see  Melanoplus  montanus  and  M.  borealis) 
in  the  least  broader  than  long  even  when  the  sides  of  the  interspace  are 
posteriorly  divergent;  generally  quadrate  in  the  female  but  more  variable 
than  in  the  other  sex,  sometimes  as  narrow  as  there,  more  often  subtransverse, 
occasionally  in  some  short-winged  forms  (asin  Melanoplus  artemisiae,  M.  mililaris, 
M.  altitudinum  and  Asemoplus  montanus)  distinctly  transverse;  in  both  sexes 
always  distinctly,  generally  much,  narrower  than  the  lobes  (except  in  the 
females  of  the  cases  just  cited,  where  they  are  barely  narrower) ;  metasternal 
lobes  of  male  generally  attiugent  or  subattingeut,  rarely  only  approximate; 
of  the  female  less  distant  than  in  the  alternate  category  (A2  bzc]dr),  generally 
approximate  or  subapproximate,  the  interspace  generally  narrower  than  the 
frontal  costa;  typically  the  tegmina  are  completely  developed. 
L/^1.  Face  almost  vertical  or  a  little  oblique,  its  angle  with  the  fastiginm 
rarely  less  than  75°;  eyes  rounded  oval,  never  more,  generally  less,  than 
half  as  long  again  as  broad;  portion  of  metasternum  lyiug  behind  the  lobes 
transverse,  more  than  twice  as  broad  as  long;  tegmina  normally  present. 

l.  Tegmina  always  present;  sides  of  first  abdominal  segment  with  a  dis- 
tinct tympanum. 

/01.  Fastigium  of  vertex  plane  or  convex;  eyes  separated  widely,  the 
space  between  them  twice  as  broad  as  the  frontal  costa;  pronotum 
furnished  with  distinct  percurrent  lateral  cariuae;  tegmina  abbreviate; 

cerci  apically  acuminate 22.  Paratylotropidia  (p.  117). 

g 2.  Fastigium  of  vertex  more  or  less  depressed  or  with  elevated  lateral 
margins;  eyes  separated  narrowly,  at  most  but  little  farther  apart  than 
the  width  of  the  frontal  costa;  pronotum  with  indistinct1  or  no  lateral 
carinae;  tegmina  fully  developed  or  abbreviate;  cerci  variable,  rarely 
acuminate  apically. 

'.  In/erior  genicular  lobe  of  hind  femora  with  at  least  a  darker  basal 
spot  or  transverse  band;  cerci  of  male  variable,  often  enlarging 
apically. 

,^.  Dorsum  of  pronotum  rarely  or  never  twice  as  long  as  the  average 
breadth,  generally  only  half  as  long  again  even  in  the  male,  gener- 
ally constricted  more  or  less  in  the  middle;  antennae  even  when 
longest  (as  in  Melanoplus  nitidus  and  M.  packardii,  for  instance)  no 


In  a  few  species  they  are  tolerably  distinct. 


so.1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  13 

longer  than  the  him!  femora  and  only  twice  as  long  as  the  pronotum 
alone ;  face  rarely  as  decli  vent  as  in  Paroxya ;  prozona  usually  a  half 
longer  than  the  metazona. 

r/^1.  Head  not  large  in  proportion  to  pronotum,  nor  prominent,  but 
little  longer  than  the  prozona,  unless  (as  in  Melanoplus  spretus) 
the  latter  is  distinctly  transverse ;  pronotum  in  no  way  subsellate, 
nor  flaring  in  front ;  tegmina,  when  fully  developed,  narrow,  rarely 
(Melanoplus  dawsoni,1  M.  extremus,  M.  marginatus,  etc.)  rather  broad, 
but  then  very  distinctly  tapering,  more  or  less  tapering  in  distal 
half,  at  a  distance  from  the  apex  equal  to  the  breadth  of  the  teg- 
mina distinctly  narrower  than  the  metazona.  the  intercalaries,aud 
cross- veins  of  the  discoidal  area  (except  in  M.  dawsoni  completes  and 
M.  marginatus  ampins)  relatively  numerous,  at  least  in  the  apical 
fourth  and  usually  throughout,  the  venation  in  general  sharp  and 
clearly  defined,  the  area  intercalata  generally  distinctly  defined 
by  the  adjustment  of  the  veins  at  its  distal  extremity,  the  humeral 
veiu  straight  and  apically  arcuate,  nearly  always  terminatingeither 
on  the  apical  margin  or  but  a  short  distance  before  it,  running  for 
some  distance  almost  exactly  parallel  to  the  costal  margin  or  merg- 
ing insensibly  into  it;  cerci  of  male  very  variable,  very  rarely 
(Melanoplus  flabellatus,  M.  puer)  substyliform,  and  then  the  sub- 
genital  plate  is  either  exceptionally  broad,  or  only  moderately  nar- 
row and  the  apical  margin  elevated 23.  Melanoplus  (p.  120).  ^"" 

j2.  Head  large  in  proportion  to  pronotum,  especially  above,  and 
prominent,  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  long  prozona;  pro- 
notum faintly  subsellate,  feebly  flaring  in  front  to  receive  the  head ; 
tegmina,  when  fully  developed,  broad  and  subequal,  hardly  taper- 
ing in  the  distal  half,  at  a  distance  from  the  apex  equal  to  the 
breadth  of  the  tegmina  as  broad  as  the  metazona,  the  intercalates 
and  cross-veins  of  the  discoidal  area  everywhere  few,  the  venation 
in  general  loose  and  ill  defined,  the  area  intercalata  not  distinctly 
marked  by  the  adjustment  of  veins  at  its  distal  extremity,  the 
humeral  vein  (the  upper  of  the  pair  of  stout  veins  from  the  upper 
attachment)  broadly  sinuous,  terminating  on  the  costal  margin 
at  least  as  far  before  the  apex  as  the  breadth  of  the  tegmina, 
nowhere  running  closely  parallel  to  that  margin  nor  merging  into 
it;  cerci  of  male  styliform,  the  subgenital  plate  very  narrow,  the 

margin  not  apically  elevated 24.  Plwetalioies  (p.  376) 

i2.  Dorsum  of  pronotum  twice  as  long  as  average  breadth,  at  least 
in  the  male,  with  no  median  constriction;  antennae,  at  least  in 
the  male,  generally  longer  than  the  hind  femora  and  much  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  generally  twice  as  long  as 
head  and  pronotum  together;  face  more  declivent  than  in  Melan- 
oplus; prozona  only  about  a  third  longer  than  the  metazona. 

25.  Paroxya  (p.  380). 

h  2.  Inferior  genicular  lobe  of  hind  femora  wholly  pallid,  with  no  dark 
basal  spot  or  transverse  band ;  cerci  of  male  conical  or  subconical  or 
basally  bullate,  always  apically  pointed. 

11.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  terminating  in  a  pronounced  tubercle; 
prosternal  spine  slender 26.  Poecilotettix  (p.  385).  ^r 

12.  Subgenital  plate  of  male,  even  when  apically  augulate,  not  fur- 
nished with  an  apical  tubercle;  prosternal  spine  stout. 

j}.  Relatively  heavy-bodied;  dorsal  disk  of  prozona  tumid  inde- 
pendently of  the  metazona  ;  pronotum  distinctly  augulate  or  cj>n- 


1  In  form  of  tegmina  and  sparseness  of  neuratiou  this  species  is  the  Melanoplus 
most  nearly  allied  to  PhoetaUoten,  and  like  it  it  is  dimorphic  as  to  tegmina. 


14  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

vex  behind ;  the  portion  of  the  metasternum  lying  behind  the  lobes 
laterally  extended,  reaching  to  the  coxae;  tegmina  fully  developed 
or  abbreviate,  but  overlapping,  with  many  longitudinal  veins;  cerci 
of  male  very  stout  and  bullate  on  basal  half  or  more;  abdomen  of 
female  bluntly  rounded  apically,  the  posterior  segments  much  abbre- 
viated ;  ovipositor  but  slight]  yexserted. .  27.  Oedaleonotus  (p.  390). 
j*.  Relatively  slender-bodied;  dorsal  disk  of  prozona  not  tumid 
independently  of  the  metazona;  pronotum  truncate  posteriorly; 
portion  of  metasternum  lying  behind  the  lobes  laterally  abbre- 
viated, much  narrower  than  the  width  between  coxae ;  teginiua 
linear,  lateral,  distant,  with  only  a  few  longitudinal  veins;  abdo- 
men of  female  tapering  regularly  to  a  pointed  tip ;  ovipositor  nor- 
mally exserted 28.  Asemophis  (p.  394). 

/2.   Tegmina  wanting;    sides  of  first  abdominal  segment   with  no  tym- 
panum   29.  Philocleon  (p.  396). 

€2.  Face  rather  strongly  oblique,  the  angle  it  makes  with  the  fastigium 
varying  about  from  55°  to  67° ;  eyes  elongate,  almost  or  quite  twice  as  long 
as  broad;  portion  of  metasternum  lying  behind  the  lobes  subtriangular,  not 
greatly  broader  than  long;  tegmiua  linear  and  lateral  or  absent. 

30.  Aptenopedes  (p.  398) 


1.  GYMNOSCIRTETES,  new  genus. 

(yvuroS,  naked  (in  allusion  to  its  apterous  condition);  tixiprdG),  to  leap.) 
Gymnoscirtetes  BRUNER,  MS. 

Body  exceptionally  long  and  slender,  subcylindrical,  a  little  com- 
pressed. Head  excepting  eyes  scarcely  enlarged,  the  face  considerably 
declivent;  vertex  scarcely  (male)  or  somewhat  (female)  tumid,  trian- 
gular, the  eyes  approximate,  especially  in  the  male  where  the  slender 
fastigium  between  them  is  narrowly  sulcate;  fastigium  declivent, 
expanding  greatly  in  front  and  broadly  berfTowed;  frontal  costa  of 
moderate  width  but  distinctly  broader  thanHhe  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  subequal  but  constricted  just  below  the  ocellus,  percurrent,  sul- 
cate; eyes  large,  prominent,  particularly  in  the  male  where  they  are 
subrotund,  while  in  the  female  they  are  nearly  half  as  long  again  as 
broad,  in  both  sexes  but  particularly  in  the  male  about  twice  as  long 
as  the  anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae ;  antennae  rather  slender, 
cylindrical,  much  longer  than  the  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pro- 
notum compressed  cylindrical,  truncate  at  each  extremity,  with  com 
pletely  parallel  sides  and  with  a  slight  uniform  median  carina,  the 
prozona  quadrate  above  and  fully  three  times  as  long  as  the  metazona, 
its  two  median  sulci  slightly  impressed,  subapproximate,  and  distant 
from  either  margin ;  lateral  carinae  wholly  absent,  the  lateral  lobes  very 
short,  their  lower  margin  obtusely  angulate,  the  posterior  angle  distinct 
but  obtuse.  Prosternal  spine  rather  slight  and  moderately  slender, 
conical,  erect;  mesosternal  lobes  subattingent  in  both  sexes  or  even 
attingent  in  the  male;  metasternal  lobes  attingert  in  both  sexes. 
Apterous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  scarcely  more  gibbous  in  the  male 
thsfn  in  the  female;  hind  femora  very  slender,  unarmed;  hind  tibiae 
with  short  spines,  similar  in  length  on  either  side,  8-9  in  number  in  the 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  15 


outer  series.  Lateral  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  of  the  male  straight 
from  base  outward,  at  the  tip  slightly  elevated  into  a  minute  erect 
tubercle;  cerci  simple,  conical. 

This  genus  is  very  distinct  from  anything  known  to  me,  and  I  have 
been  in  some  doubt  as  to  whether  it  should  be  placed  in  Melanopli, 
especially  as  in  the  only  male  I  have  seen  there  were  but  eight  spines 
on  the  outer  side  of  the  hind  tibiae;  but  Professor  L.  Bruner  informs 
me  that  he  has  an  immature  male  with  nine  spines,  which  agrees  with 
what  I  find  in  the  female,  so  that  this  feature  must  be  looked  on  as 
variable,  as  it  is  in  some  other  genera  of  Melanopli. 

Although  I  have  placed  it  at  an  extreme  distance  from  Aptenopedes, 
from  which  it  is  clearly  widely  separated  in  the  lack  of  any  basal 
ampliation  of  the  subgenital  plate  of  the  male,  it  recalls  that  genus  in 
its  general  appearance  and  especially  in  the  triangular  vertex  of  the 
head;  it  differs,  however,  much  from  it  in  its  subcylindrical  slender 
body  and  the  close  approximation  of  the  sternal  lobes. 

It  is  represented  by  a  single  species  occurring  in  Florida. 

GYMNOSCIRTETES    PUSILLUS,    new   species. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  1.) 

Gymnoscirtetex pusillus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Head  above  and  in  front  between  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  face 
lighter  or  darker  chestnut  brown;  lower  part  of  the  genae  of  a  similar 
color  but  in  a  lighter  tint,  while  the  upper  part  of  the  genae  is  lemon 
yellow  in  continuation  of  the  body  stripe  of  that  color ;  vertex  with  a 
mediodorsal,  greatly  widening,  blackish  fuscous  stripe  including  a  yel- 
lowish thread;  basal  joint  of  antennae  yellow,  the  remainder  dark 
testaceous.  Pronotum  luteo-testaceous,  above  the  median  carina  fus- 
cous; upper  half  of  lateral  lobes  piceous,  forming  a  broad  longitudinal 
band  which  extends  forward  to  the  eyes  (where  it  is  margined  above 
with  dull  yellow)  and  behind  over  the  abdomen,  becoming  there  some- 
what narrowed  posteriorly  and  broken  beneath,  fading  out  on  the 
terminal  segments;  lower  half  of  lateral  lobes  of  pronotuin  lemon 
yellow,  forming  a  baud  which  extends  forward  over  the  head  and  back- 
ward over  the  meso-  and  metathorax,  and  on  the  abdomen  (growing 
duller)  becomes  a  part  of  the  general  color  of  the  under  surface.  Meta- 
zona  and  extreme  anterior  part  of  prozona  feebly  and  rather  sparsely 
punctulate;  upper  surface  of  meso-  and  metanota  and  of  abdomen 
like  the  pronotum,  but  more  or  less  infuscated.  Hind  femora  yellow 
luteous,  the  upper  half  or  less  of  the  outer  face  more  or  less  plumbeous; 
hind  tibiae  pale  dull  green,  the  spines  black,  pallid  at  base.  Supra- 
anal  plate  of  male  large,  triangular,  the  apex  acuminate,  a  little  blunt, 
the  whole  central  basal  portion  elevated  to  form  another  similar  triangle 
in  which  lies  a  pronounced  demi  lanceolate,  basal  sulcus,  with  sh^rp 
walls,  considerably  less  than  half  as  long  as  the  plate;  furcula  consist- 


16  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


ing  of  a  pair  of  scarcely  projecting  rather  distant  rounded  lobes;  cerci 
styliform,  slender,  gently  tapering  to  a  rather  blunt  point,  conical, 
straight  or  feebly  incurved  apically,  fully  as  long  as  the  plate;  infra- 
cereal  plate  slightly  developed,  concealed  when  the  cerci  are  appressed. 

Length  of  body,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  19.75  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
5.75  mm.,  female,  6.5-f  rnm.;  hind  femora,  male,  7  mm.,  female,  9.5  mm. 

One  male,  one  female.  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida,  Ash- 
mead  (L.  Bruuer;  U.S.N.M.  [No.  701J). 

2.  NETROSOMA,  new   genus. 
(njrpov,  a  spindle ;  d&ita,  body.) 

Body  subfusiform,  especially  in  the  female,  compressed  cylindrical, 
glabrous  but  very  sparsely  pilose.  Head  not  prominent,  the  genae 
tumescent,  the  vertex  considerably  arched,  slightly  elevated  above  the 
level  of  the  pronotum,  the  fastigium  very  narrow  in  the  male,  rather 
narrow  in  the  female,  gently  descending,  deeply  sulcate,  the  face  retreat- 
ing somewhat,  particularly  in  the  male;  eyes  rather  prominent,  broad 
oval,  half  as  long  again  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae,  at 
least  in  the  male;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent  and  narrowed  above, 
below  moderately  broad,  at  least  as  broad  as  (female)  or  distinctly 
broader  than  (male)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  with  the  face 
feebly  punctate;  antennae  with  the  apical  joints  depressed,  fully  half 
(male)  or  a  little  less  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  body.  Prono- 
tum enlarging  considerably  and  regularly  backward,  compressed  cylin- 
drical, the  dorsum  well  arched  transversely,  passing  quite  insensibly 
into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  with  the  feeblest  possible  signs  of  a 
median  carina,  both  front  and  hind  margins  truncate,  the  sparsely  but 
distinctly  and  finely  punctate  prozona  about  twice  as  long  as  the  simi- 
larly but  more  densely  punctate  inetazona,  the  transverse  sulci  oblit- 
erated on  the  dorsum.  Prosternal  spine  erect,  conical,  in  the  female 
appressed;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  transverse,  as  broad  as 
or  broader  than  the  lobes  in  both  sexes,  the  rnetasternal  lobes  subat- 
tingent  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Teginma  lateral  and  linear, 
shorter  than  the  pronotum,  or  wanting.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of 
male  not  at  all  tumid;  hind  femora  short  but  not  very  stout,  the  hind 
tibiae  with  eight  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men feebly  clavate  and  a  little  upturned,  the  subgenital  plate  with  lat- 
eral margins  straight  from  the  very  base,  with  a  slight  tubercle  at  tip 
which  scarcely  surpasses  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  laminate,  of  mod- 
erate breadth,  inferiorly  acuminate  and  turned  downward  at  tip; 
furcula  wanting. 

Two  species  are  known,  both  from  Mexico. 

N.fmiformis  may  be  regarded  as  the  type. 


NO.  1124.  EE VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  17 

ANALYTICAL  KEY   TO   THE   SPECIES   OF  NETROSOMA. 

Tegmiua  present  in  both  sexes;  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  of  male 
no  broader  than  the  lobes  themselves;  hind  tibiae  red  on  proximal  half  only. 

1.  fusiformix  (p.  17). 

Te^mina  absent,  at  least  in  the  male;  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  of 
male  broader  than  the  lobes  themselves;  hind  tibiae  red  on  distal  half  only. 

2.  nigropleura  (p.  18). 

i.  NETROSOMA  FUSIFORMIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  2.) 

Body  fulvo-luteous  with  piceous  or  chocolate  black  markings.  Head 
with  the  face  and  posterior  part  of  the  genae  fulvo-luteous,  the  region 
of  and  about  the  frontal  costa  generally  infuscated,  the  front  half  of 
the  genae  below  the  eyes,  a  broad  band  behind  the  eyes,  a  slender  inedio- 
dorsal  line  reaching  the  posterior  part  of  the  fastigiuin,  and  the  lateral 
walls  of  the  frontal  costa  above  the  antennae,  black ;  antennae  fuscous, 
lighter  at  base.  Upper  surface  of  body  behind  the  head  with  a  median 
stripe,  generally  of  uniform  though  in  different  individuals  of  varying 
breadth,  generally  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  of  fulvo- 
luteous,  separating  a  pair  of  piceous  or  chocolate  black  very  broad 
stripes,  which  in  passing  backward  broaden  on  the  pronotuin  and  nar- 
row and  finally  disappear  on  the  abdomen,  the  metathoracic  episterna 
fulvous.  The  uieso-  and  metanota  and  some  of  the  basal  abdominal 
segments  are  sparsely  punctate;  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  fee- 
bly emarginate,  including  in  the  emargination  the  whole  dorsal  breadth; 
interspace  between  the  mesosterual  lobes  of  male  of  the  same  breadth 
as  the  lobes  themselves.  Tegmiua  blackish,  the  veins  occasionally 
lighter,  a  little  longer  than  the  prozona,  enlarging  slightly  beyond  the 
base  in  the  male.  Fore  and  middle  femora  fuscous;  hind  femora  with 
the  outer  face  luteo  fulvous  or  pallid  luteous,  crossed  with  a  variable 
obliquity  by  a  pair  of  broad  subtransverse  bands  of  ferrugineo-fuscous 
or  black,  often  confluent  along  the  lower  margin  and  with  a  basal  spot 
of  the  same,  the  bands  repeated  on  the  inner  side;  upper  face  and  genic- 
ulation  ferruginous;  hind  tibiae  glauco-plumbeous  on  the  distal,  coral- 
line on  the  proximal  half,  the  transition  gradual,  the  spines  pallid 
with  black  tips.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  long  triangular  with  gently 
convex  sides,  the  tip  acutangulate,  with  a  rather  deep  median  sulcus 
interrupted  in  the  middle,  bounded  at  base  by  high  and  coarse  rounded 
walls,  at  tip  by  slight  walls;  furcula  wholly  wanting;  cerci  moderately 
broad,  equal  from  the  base  or  with  the  slightest  possible  median  con- 
striction, lamellate,  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  the  apical  portion 
suddenly  bent  slightly  inward,  turned  strongly  downward  and  sharply 
acuminate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  21.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;   tegmina,  male,  3   mm.,  female,  3.25   inin.j   hind 
femora,  male,  8.5  mm.,  female,  12.25  niin. 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 2 


18  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Three  males,  14  females.  Montelovez,  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  September 
20,  E.  Palmer.  [U.S.N.M.  No.  702,  female.] 

2.  NETROSOMA  NIGROPLEURA,  new  species. 

(Plato  II,  fig.  3). 
Pezotettix  nigropleura  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Body  luteo-testaceous,  heavily  marked  with  black.  Head  uniform 
luteo-testaceous,  sometimes  feebly  infuscated,  with  a  broad  black  baud 
behind  the  eyes,  and  the  lateral  faces  of  the  frontal  costa  above  the 
antennae  marked  with  black;  antennae  blackish  fuscous.  Prouotum 
and  body  behind  it  with  a  broad  equal  mesial  baud  of  luteo-testaceous, 
separating  two  very  broad  black  bauds  precisely  as  in  N.  fusiform  is, 
only  the  lower  third  of  the  lateral  lobes,  the  inesothoracic  episterna  and 
the  lower  half  of  the  metathoracic  episterna  luteous.  Meso-  and  rneta- 
nota  with  scarcely  perceptible  very  sparse  punctuation ;  posterior  mar- 
gin of  the  pronotum  feebly  emarginate,  including  the  whole  dorsal 
breadth ;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  a  little  broader 
than  the  lobes  themselves.  Tegmiua  wholly  wanting  in  the  male 
(female  unknown).  Hind  femora  luteo-testaceous  with  very  feeble 
cloudy  signs  of  bifasciate  markings  similar  to  those  of  N.  fusiformis; 
hind  tibiae  dull  luteous  at  base  passing  on  apical  half  into  coral  red, 
the  spines  pallid  with  black  tips.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular 
with  straight  sides,  the  extremity  abruptly  truncate  and  with  a  small 
mesial  triangular  appendix,  the  basal  half  with  a  raised  rounded  longi- 
tudinal ridge,  having  a  tolerably  deep  mesial  furrow  on  its  summit; 
furcula  wholly  wanting;  cerci  moderately  broad,  lamellate,  tapering 
gently  and  straight  on  basal  third  or  more,  beyond  arcuate  subfalcate 
and  gently  incurved,  terminating  in  an  acute  but  rounded  angle  below, 

Length  of  body,  male,  13  mm.;  antennae,  8.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
8.25  mm. 

Two  males.    Lerdo,  Durango,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner). 

Besides  the  differences  from  N.  fusiformis  mentioned  in  the  table,  the 
present  species  has  relatively  longer  antennae. 

3.  PARADICHROPLUS. 
(Ttapa,  beside;  Dicliroplus,  a  genus  of  Melanopli.) 

Pezotettix  (Div.  II)  ST!L,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.  Akad.-HandL,  V.  No.  9  (1878),  pp.  4, 8. 
Paradichroplus  BRUNNER,  Re>.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Body  rather  elongate,  compressed,  sparsely  pilose.  Head  not  promi- 
nent, nor  broader  than  the  thorax,  the  vertex  gently  convex,  scarcely 
or  not  elevated  above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  fastigium  rounded, 
descending  moderately,  the  face  retreating  considerably,  especially 
below;  interspace  between  the  eyes  not  very  narrow  even  in  the  male, 
as  broad  as  the  broadest  part  of  the  frontal  costa,  which  is  at  the  ocellus, 
the  costa  narrowing  considerably  above,  slightly  sulcate  below  and 
failing  to  reach  the  clypeus;  antennae  short  and  stout,  scarcely  if  at 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  19 

all  exceeding  in  length  the  pronotum.  Pronotum  enlarging  regularly 
and  slightly  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  from  in  front  backward,  the 
disk  nearly  plane,  separated  by  percurreut  lateral  carinae  (as  distinct 
as  the  percurrent  median  cariua)  from  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes,  the 
front  and  hind  border  truncate  or  sub  truncate,  the  nearly  smooth 
prozoua  less  than  twice  as  long  as  the  rather  feebly  punctate  metazona, 
rather  longer  than  broad,  divided  in  the  middle  by  a  feeble  transverse 
sulcus,  followed  at  less  than  half  the  distance  to  the  metazona  by  a 
doubly  arcuate  sulcus  at  least  as  distinct.  Prosterual  spine  erect, 
variable;  mesosternal  lobes  separated  by  an  interval  which  is  subquad- 
rate  but  a  little  transverse  and  nearly  as  broad  as  the  lobes  in  the 
male,  strongly  transverse  and  broader  than  the  lobes  in  the  female,  the 
metasternal  lobes  subapproximate  in  both  sexes.  Tegmina  elliptical, 
not  wholly  lateral,  shorter  than  the  pronotum.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
tumid  in  the  male,  the  hind  femora  moderate,  compressed,  the  hind 
tibiae  with  9-11  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male 
abdomen  upturned  and  slightly  enlarged,  the  subgenital  plate  strongly 
produced  and  elongate,  its  lateral  margins  feebly  convex,  meeting  api- 
cally  at  an  acute  angle  which  is  provided  with  a  slight  tubercle  and  is 
removed  at  a  long  distance  from  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  furcula 
developed  slightly  or  moderately;  cerci  very  long  and  very  slender, 
laminate,  directed  inward  apically. 

Two  species  are  known,  coining  from  Mexico,  Central  America,  and 
northern  South  America. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY   TO   THE   SPECIES    OF   PARADICHKOPLUS. 

Prosternal  spine  quadrate,  appressed,  truncate ;  posterior  margin  of  pronotum  feebly 
emarginate;  inner  edges  of  tegmiiia  separated  by  half  tbo  width  of  tbe  pronotum; 

furcula  well  developed 1.  tnexicanus  (p.  19). 

Prosternal  spine  conical;  posterior  margin  of  pronotum  entire;  inner  edges  of 
tegmina  subattiugeut ;  furcula  very  slight 2.  raricolor  (p.  21). 

i.  PARADICHROPLUS  MEXICANUS. 
(Plate  II,  figs.  4,  5.) 

Platyphyma  mexicanum  BRUNNER,  Verhandl.    Zool.-Bot.   Gesellsch.  Wien,  1861 

(1861),  p.  224;  Orth.  Stud.  (1861),  p.  4.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.    Salt.  Brit. 

Mus.,  Suppl.,  V  (1871),  p.  71.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873), 

p.  224. 
Caloptenns  mexicanus  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mas.,  IV  (1870),  pp.  682- 

683.— THOMAS,  Kep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  227. 
Paradicliroplus  mexicanus  BRUNNKR,  Rev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Blackish  fuscous  above  with  a  strong  ferruginous  tinge,  dull  flavous 
below.  Head  with  tumescent  genae  plumbeous  or  livid,  more  or  less 
heavily  mottled  with  ferrugiueo-fuscous,  the  summit  wholly  blackish 
fuscous,  separated  from  a  broad  blackish  fuscous  band  behind  the  eyes 
by  a  lighter  but  obscure  stripe  behind  the  upper  part  of  the  eyes; 
frontal  costa  rather  prominent  above,  especially  in  the  male,  punctate, 


20  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

narrowed  a  little  above  the  ocellus  and  slightly  sulcate  below  it,  the 
fastigium  shallowly  sulcate;  antennae  ferruginous.  Pronotum  with 
the  hind  margin  feebly  emarginate,  the  disk  nearly  uniform  in  color, 
but  with  the  lateral  lobes  sometimes  lighter  and  the  metazona  some- 
times longitudinally  combed  with  obscure  luteous,  the  lateral  lobes 
mostly  of  the  color  of  the  disk  or  darker,  but  their  lower  portion,  both 
on  prozona  and  metazoua,  with  quadrate  patches  of  dull  luteous  or 
flavous,  forming  a  broken  baud  slightly  separate  from  the  lower  mar- 
gin. Prosternal  spine  quadrate,  brief,  appressed,  broadly  truncate. 
Tegmina  ovate,  less  than  twice  as  broad  as  long,  their  inner  edges 
separated  by  half  the  width  of  the  pronotum,  of  the  color  of  the  upper 
surface.  Fore  and  middle  legs  dull  ferruginous;  hind  femora  ferrugi- 
nous, the  carinae,  lower  margin  of  the  outer  face,  and  lower  face 
flavous,  on  the  last  often  strongly  tinged  with  red;  hind  tibiae  pale  red, 
the  spines,  except  at  base,  black.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular, 
acutely  angled  at  tip,  the  lateral  margins  a  little  elevated,  within  them 
the  surface  tectate,  bearing  at  the  summit  of  the  ridge  a  deep  slender 
sulcus  fully  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  plate,  the  ridge  fading  beyond; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  basally  approximate,  short,  triangular, 
pointed  teeth,  diverging  at  nearly  right  angles;  cerci  long  and  very 
slender,  tapering  in  the  basal  third,  beyond  lamellate,  equal  nearly  to 
the  tip,  incurved  gently  and  downcurved  as  gently,  feebly  twisted,  the 
apex  acutangulate  below  by  the  slope  of  the  upper  margin,  somewhat 
longer  than  the  supra  anal  plate,  pilose;  infracercal  plates  moderately 
broad,  laterally  arcuate,  about  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  23.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  5.5 
mm.,  female,  6  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  3.25  mm.,  female,  4  mm.;  hind  fem- 
ora, male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  12.75  mm. 

Three  males,  2  females.  Mount  Orizaba,  Mexico, W.  S.  Blatchley;  the 
same,  11,500  feet,  March  (L.  Bruner).  Originally  described  from  the 
same  mountain  as  collected  by  M.  Aug.  Salle  "an  pied  de  la  niege." 
Mr.  Blatchley  informs  me  that  at  the  time  of  his  visit  the  snow  line 
was  at  15,000  feet,  and  adds  that  he  took  a  single  specimen  of  the  species 
at  13,500  feet,  "a  very  few  individuals  may  have  been  taken  as  low  as 
9,000  feet,  but  the  species  was  common  only  between  10,000  feet  and 
12,000  feet;  above  12,000  feet  scarce." 

According  to  statements  in  the  daily  press,1  Orizaba,  which  is  of 
volcanic  origin,  showed  signs  of  a  renewal  of  activity  early  in  March, 
1895,  when  hot  ashes  were  ejected,  the  snow  disappeared  from  the  sum- 
mit and  the  vegetation  of  the  upper  part  of  the  mountain  was  burned. 
Possibly  this  means  the  extinction  of  Paradichroplus  mexicanus. 

The  following  description  of  the  living  insect,  made  upon  the  spot, 
has  been  kindly  sent  me  by  Mr.  Blatchley:  Pronotum  of  male  ash 
gray  tinged  with  yellow,  especially  along  the  median  line;  sides  of 
pronotum  with  a  brownish  stripe  on  upper  half,  bordered  below  with 


See  especially  the  Examiner  of  San  Fraiicisco,  March  12,  1895. 


NO.  1 124  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  2 1 

one  of  yellowish  white;  face  grayish ;  abdomen  with  a  yellow  line  along 
the  back,  the  sides  brown,  the  sternites  yellow;  sternites  of  thorax 
bluish  gray;  a  whitish  bar  extends  from  base  of  tegmiua  diagonally 
to  hind  coxae;  sides  of  hind  femora  brown  with  two  yellowish  stripes 
on  upper  margin,  below  light  orange;  tibiae  deep  orange;  tarsi  flesh 
color.  Female  tinged  with  greenish  yellow  where  there  is  clear  yellow 
in  the  male;  cheeks,  whole  sternum  and  lower  sides  of  abdomen  blue, 
especially  the  sternites  of  thorax ;  lower  sides  of  hind  femora  and  tibiae 
deep  orange. 

Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  while  recently  in  London,  procured  for  me  at 
the  British  Museum  a  drawing  of  the  genitalia  of  Walker's  Caloptenus 
med'icanus,  described  by  him  as  new,  showing  that  it  was  unquestion- 
ably the  present  species.  (See  Plate  II,  fig.  4.) 

2.  PARADICHROPLUS   VARICOLOR. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  6.) 

Pezoteitix  varicolor  STAL,  Bill.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Hamll.,  V  (1878),  No.  9,  pp.  9-10. 
Faradichrophis  varicolor  BRUNNEH,  R6v.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. — GiGLio-Tos, 
Zool.  Jahrb.,  Abtli.  Syst.,  VIII  (1895),  p.  813. 

Dark  ferrugineo-testaceous,  lutesceut  beneath,  with  a  black  lateral 
stripe.  Head  with  the  genae  not  in  the  least  tumesceut  as  seen  from 
above,  the  summit  blackish  fuscous,  and  behind  the  eyes  a  broad 
piceous  band;  raised  portions  more  or  less  obscured  with  blackish 
fuscous;  frontal  costa  much  narrowed  above,  punctate,  plane;  fasti- 
gium  feebly  sulcate  anteriorly.  Pronotum  with  the  hind  margin  entire, 
the  lateral  carinae  feeble  on  the  metazona,  the  upper  portion  of  the 
lateral  lobes  with  a  broad  piceous  band,  the  continuation  of  that 
behind  the  eye,  somewhat  tinged  with  chocolate,  accompanied  on  the 
prozona  by  a  slender  black  stripe  between  the  front  and  middle  sulcus, 
halfway  between  the  black  band  and  the  lower  margin.  Prosternal 
spine  conical.  Tegmiua  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  apically  acumi- 
nate, their  inner  edges  subattingent,  testaceous,  the  costal  half,  in 
continuation  of  the  pronotal  stripe,  infuscated.  Fore  and  middle  legs 
ferruginous  above,  luteous  below;  hind  femora  with  the  upper  half  of 
the  outer  and  upper  third  of  the  inner  face  blackish,  the  upper  face 
ferruginous,  the  remainder  flavous,  the  hind  tibiae  dull  pale  red,  the 
spines  black  on  apical,  pallid  on  basal  half.  Supraanal  plate  of  male 
broadly  triangular,  apically  rectangulate,  the  angle  rounded,  the  sur- 
face nearly  flat,  with  a  percurrent  rather  sharply  defined  median  sulcus; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subattingent,  very  feeble,  rounded  lobes; 
cerci  very  slender,  tapering  very  gradually  on  basal  half,  then  laminate 
and  subequal,  bent  abruptly  inward  and  backward  and  feebly  twisted, 
terminating  in  a  blunt  point. 

Length  of  body,  male,  11.75  mm.;  tegrnina  2.75  mm.;  hind  femora 
8  mm. 

One  male,  Columbia.     Originally  described  from  Colombia  and  Mex- 


22  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

ico.  Having  only  a  male  from  Columbia,  received  from  Hofrath  Brun- 
nervon  Wattenwyl,  I  am  compelled  to  base  my  description  and  figure 
upon  that  alone.  Giglio-Tos  reports  it  from  Paraguay. 

4.  PHAEDROTETTIX,  new  genus. 
((paidpoS,  bright;  rsm£,  grasshopper.) 

Body  small,  compact,  distinctly  largest  at  the  inetathorax,  sparsely 
pilose.  Head  a  little  prominent  and,  with  the  eyes,  nearly  as  broad  as 
the  posterior  portion  of  the  pronotum,  at  least  in  the  male,  the  vertex 
moderately  convex,  slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  thefastigium 
descending  rapidly  and  the  face  retreating  somewhat;  eyes  moderately 
large,  moderately  prominent,  more  prominent  in  the  male  than  in  the 
female,  broad  oval,  half  (female)  or  less  than  half  (male)  as  long  again 
as  broad,  scarcely  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae; 
interspace  between  the  eyes  almost  equally  narrow  in  both  sexes,  con- 
siderably narrower  than  the  frontal  costa.  which  is  not  very  narrow, 
subequal,  percurrent,  sulcate;  antennae  slender,  of  similar  length  in 
the  two  sexes,  but  very  little  longer  than  head  and  pronotum  together. 
Pronotum  very  feebly  flaring  in  front  to  receive  the  head,  the  metazona 
flaring  considerably  throughout,  otherwise  parallel-sided,  compressed, 
the  dorsal  surface  transversely  convex,  passing  insensibly  into  the  ver- 
tical lateral  lobes  with  no  lateral  carinae,  both  front  and  hind  margins 
truncate,  the  latter  feebly  and  roundly  emarginate,  a  percurrent  median 
carina;  prozoua  sparsely  punctate,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  the  closely 
punctate  metazona,  at  least  in  the  male,  its  middle  transverse  sulcus 
angulate,  being  bent  forward  laterally,  its  posterior  sulcus  similarly 
bent  or  sinuate,  its  anterior  sulcus  rather  remote  from  the  front  margin. 
Prosternal  spine  erect,  conical,  subappressed ;  interspace  between  rneso- 
sternal  lobes  of  male  subquadrate,  slightly  longer  than  broad,  of  female 
distinctly  transverse,  almost  as  broad  as  the  lobes;  metasterual  lobes 
approximate  in  both  sexes.  Tegrnina  linear,  lateral,  about  as  long  as 
the  prozona.  Fore  and  middle  femora  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
rather  long  and  slender,  the  hind  tibiae  with  nine  spines  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  subclavate,  upturned,  bluntly 
rounded,  but  with  a  slight  apical  tubercle  formed  partly  by  the  com- 
pression of  the  subgenital  plate,  the  lateral  margins  of  which  are 
straight  throughout,  and  at  apex  do  not  surpass  the  tip  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  cerci  laminate,  subfalcate;  furcula  subobsolete. 

A  single  species  is  known,  coming  from  Mexico  and  southern  Texas. 

PHAEDROTETTIX  AUGUSTIPENNIS,  new  species. 

(Plate  II,  fig.  7.) 
Pezotettix  anf/ustipennis  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Fuscous  above,  luteo-fuscous  below.  Head  livid  fuscous,  flecked  and 
more  or  less  punctate  with  fuscous,  the  vertex  (except  a  livid  stripe 
following  the  upper  edge  of  the  eye  and  passing  backward)  and  a  broad 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MEL  ANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  23 


band  behind  the  middle  of  the  eye  blackish  fuscous;  whole  face  and 
lower  part  of  genae  punctate;  antennae  fnsco-ferruginous.  Pronotum 
blackish  fuscous  on  prozona,  ferrugineo-fuscous  on  metazoua,  the  upper 
portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad  blackish  band,  on  the  ineta- 
zona  curving  slightly  downward  and  fading  out,  sometimes  edged 
above  anteriorly  by  a  feeble,  dull  luteous  stripe,  but  beneath  sharply 
denned  from  the  dull  luteous  remainder  of  the  lateral  lobes,  this  band 
often  subobsolete  in  the  female,  or  scarcely  distinguishable  from  the 
disk;  metasternal  epiinera  with  an  oblique  luteous  stripe.  Tegmina 
dark  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  luteo-fuscous  or  fusco-luteous; 
hind  femora  with  the  outer  face  greenish  plumbeous,  the  upper  face 
ferruginous,  the  lower  luteous,  the  inner  luteous  in  the  lower,  fuscous 
in  the  upper  half,  the  whole  geniculation  fuscous;  the  hind  tibiae  blue- 
green,  fusco-ferruginous  at  extreme  base  and  tip,  the  spines  black- 
tipped.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  subclypeate,  tapering  gradually,  the 
broadly  subtruncate  tip  very  obtusely  angulate,  the  sides  feebly  con- 
cave, with  a  median  tectate  ridge  which  divides  in  the  basal  third  to 
include  a  narrow,- triangular,  rather  deep  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of 
a  pair  of  inconspicuous  rounded  lobes,  formed  by  the  slight  fullness  of 
the  interior  angles  of  the  divided  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  segment; 
cerci  broad  at  base  but  at  once  narrowed  by  the  abrupt  excision  of  the 
lower  margin,  so  as  to  be  less  than  half  the  basal  breadth,  the  apical 
portion  subequal,  subfalcate,  the  lower  apical  angle  acute,  the  whole 
laminate,  scarcely  incurved. 

Length  of  body,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  17  mm.;  antennae,  male,  5.5 
mm.,  female,  6  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  2  mm.,  female,  2.8  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Six  males,  six  females.  Mount  Alvarez,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico, 
E.  Palmer  [U.S.N.M.  No.  703,  male  and  female];  Comancho,  Durango, 
Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner) ;  Corpus  Christ!  Bay,  Nueces  County, 
Texas,  December  11-20,  E.  Palmer. 

5.  CONALCAEA,  new  genus. 
(xGoro1:,  cone;  'ahxai'a,  tail.) 

Body  rather  stout,  somewhat  compressed,  slightly  (male)  or  distinctly 
(female)  largest  at  the  metathorax,  thinly  pilose.  Head  moderate, 
slightly  prominent  in  the  male  only,  with  the  eyes  about  as  broad,  in 
the  male,  as  the  metazona;  vertex  gently  convex,  scarcely  elevated 
above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  fastigium  descending  rapidly,  the 
face  retreating  slightly;  eyes  large,  not  very  prominent,  little  more  so 
in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  longer  than  (male)  or  not  quite  so  long 
as  (female)  the  posterior  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae,  broad  oval, 
hardly  more  than  half  as  long  again  as  broad  in  either  sex;  interspace 
between  the  eyes  rather  narrow,  similar  in  the  two  sexes,  scarcely  nar- 
rower than  the  frontal  costa,  which  is  subequal,  more  or  less  sulcate, 
and  fails  to  reach  the  clypeus;  antennae  slender,  rather  long.  Pro- 


24  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


notum  enlarging  slightly  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  in  passing 
backward,  with  distinct  percurrent  median  carina  and  sometimes  dis- 
tinct, sometimes  scarcely  perceptible  lateral  carinae,  the  dorsum  very 
broadly  tectate  in  the  first  case,  obscurely  so  in  the  second,  the  lateral 
lobes  snbvertical  or  vertical;  both  front  and  hind  margins  transverse, 
the  latter  emarginate;  prozona  sparsely  punctate,  as  long  as  its  pos- 
terior breadth,  about  twice  as  long  as  the  densely  punctate  metazona, 
cut  in  the  middle  by  a  distinct,  straight,  transverse  sulcus,  and  followed 
at  less  than  half  the  distance  to  the  metazona  by  a  similarly  impressed 
transverse  sulcus  of  variable  direction.  Prosternal  spine  conical,  erect, 
in  the  male  rather  long;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  sub- 
quadrate  but  much  narrower  than  the  lobes  in  the  male,  distinctly 
transverse  and  nearly  or  quite  as  broad  as  the  lobes  in  the  female,  the 
metasterual  lobes  attingent  or  approximate  in  the  male,  moderately 
distant  in  the  female.  Tegmina  rather  long  elliptical,  fully  as  long  as 
the  prozona.  Fore  and  middle  femora  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
not  very  long  and  rather  stout,  but  subcompressed,  the  hind  tibiae  with 
nine  to  ten  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen 
subclavate,  but  elongate  by  the  posterior  extension  of  the  subgenital 
plate,  as  in  Barytettix,  as  a  blunt  conical  tubercle;  lateral  margins  of 
this  plate  straight  from  the  base,  the  apical  margin  well  rounded,  reach- 
ing beyond  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  a  brief  distance;  cerci 
and  furcula  as  in  Barytettix. 

The  type  of  this  genus  is  C.  miguelitana,  the  only  one  in  which  both 
sexes  are  known. 

Three  species  are  here  described ;  they  occur  in  Mexico  and  south- 
western New  Mexico. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  CONALCAEA. 

A1.  Lateral  carinae  of  pronotura  distinct;  posterior  margin  of  prouotum  distinctly 
emarginate. 

.6'.  Tegmina  well  rounded  at  tip ;  hind  tibiae  red 1.  miguelitana  (p.  24). 

&2.  Tegmina  apically  truncate;  hind  tibiae  luteous  or  flavescent. 

2.  truncatipennis  (p.  25). 

A2.  Lateral  cariuae  of  prouotum  obscure,  the  dorsum  passing  almost  insensibly  into 
the  lateral  lobes;  posterior  margin  of  i>ronotum  only  faintly  emarginate;  lobes  of 
furcula  of  male  much  broader  than  long,  scarcely  projecting. 

3.  neomexicana  (p.  26). 

i.  CONALCAEA  MIGUELITANA,  new  species. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  8.) 

Fusco-testaceous,  more  or  less  lutescent  beneath,  very  sparsely  pilose. 
Head  dull  luteous  (male)  or  olivaceo-testaceous,  much  infuscated  (female), 
the  vertex  always  more  or  less  infuscated  and  especially  marked  with 
a  pair  of  dark  streaks  divergent  from  the  base  of  the  fastigium ;  genae 
much  mottled  witli  fuscous,  particularly  in  the  female;  fastigium  sulcate 
between  the  eyes  and  feebly,  in  the  male  only,  beyond;  frontal  costa 
barely  reaching  the  clypeus,  nearly  plane  but  depressed  at  the  ocellus 
in  the  female,  feebly  sulcate  except  at  summit  in  the  male,  punctate 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  25 

especially  above,  the  punctation  extending  upon  the  sides  of  the  fas- 
tigium;  rest  of  face  and  lower  part  of  genae  sparsely  punctate;  anten- 
nae fuscous,  apically  ferruginous.  Pronotum  with  the  disk  of  the 
prozona  more  uniformly  darker  than  the  rest,  the  lower  part  of  the  lat- 
eral lobes  of  the  prozona  suffused  with  luteous;  thoracic  epimera  black. 
Tegmina  narrow  at  the  base,  enlarging  rather  rapidly  to  beyond  the 
middle  and  then  again  diminishing  to  the  well-rounded  extremity,  dis- 
tinctly shorter  than  the  pronotum  but  longer  than  the  prozona,  black 
in  the  interstices  of  the  veins  which  are  fusco-luteous,  generally  darker 
below  than  above.  Hind  femora  variable  in  color  but  with  the  upper 
half  or  more  of  the  outer  face  always  dark  fuscous,  sometimes  black- 
ish, the  rest  of  it  more  or  less  luteous,  the  adjoining  carinae  black,  but 
the  others  yellowish,  the  outer  portion  of  the  lower  surface  dull  oliva- 
ceous, the  upper  surface  olivaceo-fuscous,  the  geuicular  arc  black ;  hind 
tibiae  red,  feebly  incurved,  the  spines  black  on  their  apical  half,  more 
or  less  pallid,  especially  on  the  inner  side,  on  their  basal  half.  Abdo- 
men sparsely  and  coarsely  pundate  throughout  with  a  pallid  median 
carina,  the  hinder  edges  of  the  segments  sometimes  deeply  infuscated. 
Supraanal  plate  of  male  rather  long  triangular,  with  a  pair  of  approx- 
imate, rather  sharp  ridges,  subparallel  but  nearly  meeting  in  the  middle, 
inclosing  on  basal  half  a  tolerably  deep  sulcus,  just  before  the  extrem- 
ity of  which,  outside  the  middle  of  either  side  of  the  plate,  is  a  very 
short  blunt  ridge;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subattingent  minute 
lobes,  projecting  by  about  their  own  width ;  cerci  compressed,  laminate, 
broad,  subequal,  tapering  a  very  little  at  the  base,  subfalcate,  the  lower 
apical  portion  produced  and  very  acutely  angulate,  not  incurved ;  apical 
tubercle  coarse  and  blunt,  projecting  beyond  the  apical  margin  of  the 
subgenital  plate  but  a  short  distance. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  27  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  9  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4.1  mm.,  female,  5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

Two  males,  3  females.  Sierra  de  San  Miguelito,  San  Luis  Potosi, 
Mexico,  E.  Palmer. 

2.  CONALCAEA  TRUNCATIPENNIS,  new  species. 

Fusco-testaceous,  mottled  with  dull  ferruginous,  the  abdomen  dull 
testaceous.  Head  pale  ferrugineo-testaceous,  mottled  with  ferruginous 
on  luteo-testaceous,  the  summit  with  two  divergent  ferruginous  stripes 
and  feeble  signs  of  a  postocular  ferruginous  stripe;  fastigiuiu  feebly 
depressed  between  the  eyes,  punctate  at  tip ;  frontal  costa  punctate 
throughout,  very  shallowly  sulcate  ,•  rest  of  face  and  lower  part  of  genae 
sparsely  punctate;  antennae  dark  fuscous.  Pronotum  with  feeble  signs 
of  a  luteous  stripe  following  the  lateral  carinae,  the  posterior  margin 
of  either  side,  including  that  of  the  lateral  lobes,  sinuate.  Tegmina 
rapidly  enlarging  from  the  constricted  base  to  the  middle,  beyond  sub- 
equal,  broadly  truncate  at  the  extremity,  about  as  long  as  the  prozona, 
testaceous.  Hind  femora  ferrugineo-testaceous,  dull  olivaceous  beneath, 


26  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL  xx. 

tlie  genicular  arc  black  5  hind  tibiae  luteo-testaceous  or  flavescent,  the 
spines  black-tipped.  Abdomen  sparsely  and  coarsely  punctate. 

Length  of  body,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  6.75  mm.;  tegmiua,  3.1) 
mm.;  hind  femora,  11.5  mm. 

One  female.     Saltillo,  Nuevo  Leon,  Mexico,  March  21-28,  E.  Palmer. 

This  species  differs  from  the  preceding  by  its  truncate  tegmina,  paler 
hind  tibiae,  more  uniform  and  generally  lighter  coloring,  and  the  wider 
interval  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  of  the  female,  which  is  here 
almost  or  quite  as  wide  as  the  lobes  themselves. 

3.  CONALCAEA  NEOMEXICANA,  new  species. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  9.) 

Ferrugineo-testaceous  above,  heavily  marked  with  black,  testaceous 
beneath.  Head  testaceous,  with  a  flavous  tinge,  flecked  with  fuscous 
on  the  sides,  and  heavily  infuscated  above  with  a  narrow  streak  of  luteo- 
testaceous  behind  the  middle  of  the  upper  half  of  the  eye,  separating  a 
fuscous  patch  above  from  a  black  patch  below;  fastigium  shallowly 
and  interruptedly  sulcate,  the  frontal  costa  punctate,  sulcate  in  its 
middle  half,  the  rest  of  the  face  and  genae  almost  equally  punctate; 
antennae?.  Pronotum  scarcely  widening  posteriorly,  with  hardly  any 
indication  of  lateral  carinae,  the  hind  border  very  feebly  emarginate, 
the  disk  almost  uniformly  ferrugineo-testaceous,  the  upper  half  of  the 
lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  piceous,  cut  in  the  anterior  half  by  an 
oblique  luteous  streak,  the  lower  half  luteo-testaceous ;  thoracic  epimera 
black.  Tegmina  enlarging  gently  from  the  rather  narrow  base  to  the 
middle  of  the  distal  half  and  then  well  rounded,  fully  as  long  as  the 
prozoua,  black,  with  mostly  luteous  veins.  Hind  femora  with  the  outer 
face  livid,  streaked  with  black  above,  the  upper  face  ferruginous,  the 
lower  pale  green,  separated  from  the  outer  face  by  a  dark-green  carina, 
the  genicular  arc  black ;  hind  tibiae  reddish  luteous^  the  spines  pallid, 
with  black  tips.  Abdomen,  at  least  in  its  basal  half,  together  with  the 
ineso-  and  metanota,  black  or  blackish  ferruginous,  with  a  narrow 
ferrugineo-testaceous  median  stripe,  the  black  narrowing  and  finally 
disappearing  posteriorly,  coarsely  punctate.  Supraanal  plate  of  male 
long  triangular,  tectate,  with  a  slender  and  deep  percurrent  median 
sulcus,  and  the  lateral  margins  gradually  raised  a  little;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  little  more  than  the  thickening  of  the  adjoining  edges  of  the 
parted  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  very  much  as  in  C. 
miguelitana,  but  more  contracted  in  the  middle,  wider  beyond,  with  the 
upper  margin  in  consequence  more  strongly  sinuate;  terminal  tubercle 
large  and  extending  beyond  the  posterior  margin  of  the  subgemtal 
plate  by  a  greater  distance  than  the  latter  is  removed  from  the  tip  of 
the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.;  tegmina,  4  mm.;  hind  femora,  11.25 
mm. 

One  male.     Silver  City,  Grant  County,  New  Mexico  (L.  Bruner). 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  T7/7-:  M  I'.L  .  I  XO  PL  /—  ,SV  n>DER.  2  7 

6.  BARYTETTIX,  new  genus. 
(fiapvt,  heavy;  TSTTI^,  grasshopper.) 


Body  heavy,  moderately  compressed,  thinly  pilose.  Head  large, 
moderately  prominent,  the  vertex  gently  convex,  not  raised  above  the 
level  of  the  pronotuin,  the  fastigium  descending  with  moderate  rapidity 
and  the  face  retreating  slightly;  eyes  very  large,  moderately  promi- 
nent, about  equally  so  in  the*  two  sexes,  broadly  ovate  in  the  male, 
elliptical  in  the  female,  much  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the 
genae;  interspace  between  the  eyes  narrow,  especially  in  the  male,  the 
fastigium  sulcate  throughout,  widening  considerably  beyond,  the 
frontal  costa  relatively  broad,  considerably  broader  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes;  antennae  not  very  slender,  long,  half  as  long  as  the 
body  in  the  male.  Pronotuin  short,  subequal,  widening  slightly  at  the 
metazona,  the  front  margin  truncate  and  laterally  plicate,  the  hind 
margin  truncate  and  emarginate,  its  dorsum  gently  convex,  passing 
insensibly  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  a  feeble  percurrent  median 
carina;  prozona  transverse,  especially  in  the  female,  sparsely  punctate, 
slightly  less  than  twice  as  long  as  the  densely  punctate  metazona, 
crossed  in  the  middle  by  a  distinct  transverse  sulcus,  followed  at  less 
than  half  the  distance  to  the  metazona  by  a  similar  augulato-arcuate 
sulcus.  Prosternal  spine  bluntly  conical,  erect;  interspace  between 
mesosterual  lobes  twice  as  long  as  broad  in  the  male,  subquadrate  and 
nearly  as  broad  as  the  lobes  in  the  female,  the  metasternal  lobes  rather 
distant  in  the  male,  approximate  in  the  female.  Tegmina  elliptical, 
about  as  long  as  the  prozona.  Fore  and  middle  femora  very  tumid  in 
the  male;  hind  femora  short  and  moderately  stout;  hind  tibiae  with 
nine  to  ten  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen 
subclavate,  but  with  the  subgeuital  plate  so  produced  posteriorly  as  to 
form  an  exceedingly  coarse  and  blunt  conical  tubercle,  the  lateral  mar- 
gins straight  from  the  very  base,  the  apical  margin  removed  from  the 
tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  considerably  more  than  half  the  length  of 
the  latter;  cerci  large,  laminate,  arcuate,  the  augulate  tip  directed 
downward;  furcula  composed  of  a  pair  of  minute  lobes. 

B.  cmssus  may  be  taken  as  the  type  of  the  genus. 

Two  species  are  known,  both  from  Lower  California. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE    SPECIES   OF    BAKYTETTIX. 

Tegiuina  unicolorous;    hind  margin  of  pronotum    distinctly  emarginate;    frontal 
costa  sulcate  throughout  (male)  .................................   1.  crassm  (p.  28). 

Tegmina  longitudinally  bicolored;  hind  margin  of  pronotum  very  feetly  emargi- 
nate;  frontal  costa  plane,  or  depressed  only  just  below  the  ocellus  (female). 

2.  peninsulae  (p.  28). 


28  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  NUSETM.  VOL.XX. 

i.  BARYTETTIX    CRASSUS,   new  species. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  10.) 

Luteo-testaceous,  probably  flavescent  in  life,  marked  with  fuscous 
and  black.  Head  subluteous,  a  little  infuscated  on  vertex  and  with 
a  fuscous  band  behind  the  eye  distinct  only  at  its  upper  margin;  bor- 
ders of  fastigium  and  frontal  costa  punctate;  other  parts  of  face  very 
obscurely  and  sparsely  punctate;  frontal  costa  sulcate  throughout; 
antennae  luteo-testaceous,  becoming  infuscated  on  the  apical  half. 
Prozona  luteo  testaceous  above,  luteous  on  the  lower  half  of  the  lateral 
lobes,  their  upper  half  occupied  by  a  broad  piceous  patch  which  nar- 
rows anteriorly  by  the  excision  of  its  lower  margin;  inetazoiia  fusco- 
testaceous;  epimera  black.  Tegrnina  blackish  fuscous  with  dull  luteous 
veins.  Fore  and  middle  legs  luteo-testaceous,  the  apical  half  of  the 
claws  black,  the  arolia  much  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  last  tarsal 
joint,  narrowly  edged  with  black  (hind  legs  wanting).  Abdomen  with 
a  narrow  laterodorsal  dark  fuscous  stripe  on  some  of  the  basal  seg- 
ments, and  most  of  the  segments  dorsally  margined  posteriorly  with 
testaceous.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular  with  sinuous  sides, 
either  longitudinal  half  broadly  and  deeply  sulcate,  the  rising  margins 
between  them  inclosing  a  deep  and  rather  narrow  median  sulcus,  con- 
stricted at  the  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate, 
very  small,  rounded  lobes,  scarcely  projecting;  cerci  very  broad  and 
compressed,  a  little  narrowed  before  the  middle,  the  basal  portion  a 
little  bullate,  the  apical  produced  by  its  inferior  extension,  the  apex 
acutely  angulate  and  curved  downward,  the  whole  very  feebly  incurved ; 
upper  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  straight  throughout,  well  rounded 
apically,  the  tubercle  very  coarse  and  very  blunt,  nearly  doubling  the 
length  of  the  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21.75  mm.;  antennae,  11  mm.;  tegmina,  4  mm. 

One  male.  San  Jose  del  Oabo,  Lower  California,  Gr.  Eisen,  collection 
California  Academy  of  Sciences  (L.  Bruner). 

2.  BARYTETTIX  PENINSULAE,  new  species. 

Light  testaceous  with  a  luteous  tinge,  marked  with  black.  Head 
testaceous  with  a  faint  ferruginous  tinge,  marked  above  with  a  median, 
more  or  less  broken,  black  stripe  which  follows  the  sulcus  of  the  fastig- 
ium and  broadens  considerably  behind;  also  with  a  very  broad  black 
band  behind  the  eyes;  whole  face  and  lower  portion  of  the  geuae  dis- 
tinctly but  sparsely  punctate,  the  frontal  costa  feebly  convex  except 
for  a  slight  depression  below  the  ocellus;  antennae  light  ferruginous 
on  basal,  ferruginous  on  apical  half.  Metazona  testaceous  with  no 
luteous  but  a  feeble  olivaceous  tinge,  the  prozona  luteo-testaceous, 
marked  on  disk  with  a  couple  of  narrow,  parallel,  subdorsal  black  lines 
on  its  posterior  half,  which  cross  also  the  metazona,  but  are  there 
evanescent  and  slightly  divergent;  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  marked 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  29 

above  by  a  broad,  slightly  oblique,  fusco-piceous  patch  which  fails  to 
reach  the  anterior  border;  pleural  incisures  and  metathoracic  epimera 
marked  in  black.  Tegmina  black  on  more  than  the  lower  half,  above 
pallid  luteous.  Fore  and  middle  legs  luteo- testaceous;  hind  femora 
pallid  luteous,  the  entire  geniculatiou  except  most  of  the  lower  lobe 
black;  hind  tibiae  long  pilose,  brownish  luteous  excepting  the  under 
surface  which  is  brownish  fuscous,  the  spines  black  excepting  their 
inner  bases.  Abdomen  with  a  narrow  mesial  black  stripe  widening  on 
each  segment  at  its  extremity  a»d  cut  by  the  testaceous  carina ;  sides 
of  some  of  the  apical  segments  partly  blackish  fuscous. 

Length  of  body,  female,  19  mm. ;  antennae,  7.5  mm. ;  tegmiua,  3  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  12  mm. 

One  female.  Lower  California,  G.  Eisen,  collection  California  Acad- 
emy of  Sciences  (L.  Bruner). 

7.  PHAULOTETTIX,  new  genus. 
(<pavA.o<3,  good-for-nothing;  Terric,  grasshopper.) 

Body  compact,  compressed,  pilose.  Head  not  prominent,  not  wider, 
including  the  eyes,  than  'the  broadest  part  of  the  thorax,  the  vertex 
gently  arched,  not  elevated  above  the  pronotuin,  the  fastigium  rapidly 
descending,  the  face  retreating  slightly;  eyes  large  but  not  very  prom- 
inent, more  than  half  as  long  again  as  broad  in  the  male  and  nearly 
twice  as  long  as  the  anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae,  separated 
above  by  a  very  narrow  space;  frontal  costa  narrow,  but  wider  than 
the  space  between  the  eyes,  equal,  percurrent,  silicate;  antennae  only 
a  little  longer  than  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  truncate  at 
each  extremity,  barely  broader  behind  than  in  front,  transversely 
convex,  the  disk  passing  insensibly  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  a  slight 
median  cariua;  prozona  transverse,  slightly  less  than  twice  as  long  as 
the  inetazoua,  divided  in  the  middle  by  a  distinct  transverse  sulcus, 
followed  at  a  short  distance  behind  by  a  less  distinct  sinuous  sulcus, 
very  feebly  and  sparsely  punctate  in  distinction  from  the  densely 
though  not  sharply  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short,  blunt, 
conical,  retrorse;  interval  between  inesosternal  lobes  subquadrate,  the 
metastemal  lobes  attingent  over  a  short  space.  Tegmina  present  as 
minute  pads  scarcely  extending  beyond  the  prouotum,  situated  high 
upon  the  sides.  Fore  and  middle  femora  scarcely  tumescent;  hind 
femora  very  short  and  moderately  stout,  the  hind  tibiae  with  9  spines 
in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  strongly  compressed,  the  tip  scarcely 
enlarged  as  seen  from  above,  upturned  only  by  its  inferior  curve; 
margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  not  ampliate  at  the  base,  straight,  well 
rounded  and  entire  apically,  extending  beyond  the  tip  of  the  supraanal 
plate  by  about  half  the  length  of  the  latter;  furcula  minute;  cerci 
simple,  compressed  laminate,  tapering,  inferiorly  angulate  at  apex. 

As  only  the  male  is  known  to  me,  the  description  is- necessarily  based 
on  that  sex  only. 

A  single  species  is  known,  from  Mexico. 


30  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

PHAULOTETTIX  COMPRESSUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  II,  fig.  11.) 

Brownish  testaceous  above,  olivaceo-testaceous  below,  marked  on  the 
sides  with  a  feebly  arcuate  piceous  stripe.  Head  dark  brownish  testa- 
ceous above,  with  a  piceous  band  behind  the  eyes,  below  which  the  pos- 
terior parts  of  the  genae  are  ferruginous,  while  the  face  and  rest  of  the 
head  are  olivaceo-testaceous;  frontal  costa  punctate  above;  fastigium 
very  narrowly  and  slightly  sulcate;  antennae  flavescent,  growing  fus- 
cous apically.  Pronptum  dull  olivaceo-testaceous  on  disk,  with  a  large 
median,  fusco-ferrugiuous,  trapezoidal  patch,  the  upper  half  of  the  lat- 
eral lobes  blackish,  the  lower  flavo-testaceous,  excepting  the  dark  lower 
part  of  the  front  half  of  the  prozona;  sides  of  the  abdomen  with  a 
diminishing  piceous  band,  broken  by  the  pink  incisures,  the  middle  of 
the  dorsum  becoming  gradually  brownish  testaceous.  Tegmina  testa- 
ceous. Fore  and  middle  legs  and  hind  femora  green,  the  latter  fusco- 
luteous  above,  blackish  on  the  sides  of  the  geniculation,  and  luteous 
within;  hind  tibiae  red  with  a  green  base,  the  spines  pallid,  black- 
tipped.  Supraanal  plate  long  triangular,  well  rounded  at  apex,  strongly 
tectate,  with  a  moderately  deep  basal  median  sulcus,  less  than  half  as 
long  as  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  attingent, 
parallel  fingers,  hardly  longer  than  broad;  cerci  slender,  compressed, 
short,  tapering  on  the  basal  half,  beyond  equal,  the  lower  outer  extremity 
acutangulate  (hardly  so  represented  in  the  figure). 

Length  of  body,  male,  15  mm.;  antennae,  6.1  mm.;  hind  femora,  8.6 
mm. 

One  male.    Montelovez,  Cohahuila.  Mexico,  September  20,  E.  Palmer. 

8.  CEPHALOTETTIX,  new  genus. 
(Kegxxfa),  head;  rsrri^,  grasshopper.) 

Body  subcylindrical  with  subparallel  sides,  slightly  constricted  in  the 
middle  of  the  abdomen.  Head  large,  prominent,  well  exserted,  together 
with  the  eyes  considerably  broader  (at  least  in  the  male)  than  any  part 
of  the  thorax;  vertex  well  arched,  elevated  above  the  pronotuin,  the 
fastigium  rapidly  descending,  and  the  face  considerably  retreating,  these 
two  at  right  angles;  eyes  very  large  and  very  prominent  (in  the  male), 
very  broadly  ovate,  and  yet  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  intraocular  por- 
tion of  the  genae;  fastigium  broadening  considerably  in  front  of  the 
eyes,  sulcate  throughout,  the  frontal  costa  considerably  broader  than 
the  interval  between  the  eyes,  yet  not  very  broad,  equal  except  for  a 
slight  contraction  above,  feebly  depressed  just  above  the  ocellus ;  anten- 
nae slender,  about  half  as  long  as  the  body.  Pronotum  parallel  sided, 
scarcely  widening  at  the  metazona,  the  front  and  hind  margin  as  in 
Ehabdotettix,  compressed  cylindrical,  with  neither  median  nor  lateral 
carinae,  the  disk  passing  insensibly  into  the  lateral  lobes;  prozona 
sparsely  punctate,  about  twice  as  loug  as  the  densely  punctate  meta- 


NO.  1124.  EEVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDEli.  31 

zona,  divided  in  the  middle  by  a  feeble,  straight,  transverse  sulcus, 
followed  at  scarcely  less  than  halfway  to  the  inetazona  by  a  similar 
sulcus.  1'rosternal  spine  erect,  rather  long,  pyramidal,  acuminate; 
interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  feebly  transverse,  almost  as  wide  as 
the  lobes  themselves,  the  metasternal  lobes  subcontiguous.  Tegmina 
elliptical,  about  as  long  as  the  prozona.  Fore  and  middle  femora  tuines- 
rent  in  a  slight  degree;  hind  femora  short  and  moderately  stout,  the 
hind  tibiae  with  nine  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  the 
abdomen  subclavate,  well  rounded,  upturned,  the  margins  of  the  sub- 
genital  plate  of  male  with  no  basal  ampliation,  straight,  the  apex 
broadly  rounded,  protruding  beyond  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  by 
less  than  half  the  length  of  the  latter;  furcula  wanting;  cerci  com- 
pressed, slender,  subequal  and  nearly  straight. 

The  female  being  unknown,  the  description  is  based  wholly  upon  the 
male. 

The  genus  is  represented  by  a  single  species' found  in  Mexico. 

CEPHALOTETTIX  PARVULUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettix parvuUia  McNEiLLl,  MS. 

I'c-otettix  olivacciix  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Blackish  or  fuscous  bronze  green  above,  olivaceous  yellow  below, 
rather  sparsely  and  not  briefly  pilose.  Head  above  and  sides  to  the 
lower  level  of  the  eyes  bronze  green,  becoming  blackish  above,  with 
the  feeblest  sign  of  a  light-colored  stripe  behind  the  upper  margin  of 
the  eye;  rest  of  head  with  face  olivaceous  yellow,  feebly  infuscated  and 
sparsely  punctate:  antennae  olivaceous  at  base,  testaceous  beyond  and 
infuscated  at  tip.  Pronotum  wholly  and  almost  uniformly  dark  bronze 
green,  a  little  darker  above  than  on  the  lateral  lobes,  and  slightly 
darker  on  prozona  than  on-  inetazona.  Abdomen  above  fusco-olivaceous, 
more  or  less  ferruginous  at  the  ends  of  the  segments.  Tegmina  testa- 
ceous. Fore  and  middle  legs  and  hind  femora  olivaceous  yellow,  the 
upper  surface  of  the  latter  becoming  fuscous  in  the  apical  half,  the 
whole  geniculatipn  blackish;  hind  tibiae  green,  the  spines  blackish 
brown  except  at  base.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular,  broadly  tec- 
tiform  except  apically,  the  summit  of  the  tectate  portion  with  a  rather 
deep,  slightly  narrowing,  basal  sulcus  half  as  long  as  the  plate;  furcula 
absent;  cerci  slender,  compressed  but  not  laminate,  tapering  slightly  at 
the  base,  beyond  equal,  straight,  feebly  incurved  and  bluntly  rounded 
at  the  tip,  angulate  below. 

Length  of  body,  male,  13.25  mm.;  antennae,  6.75  mm.;  tegmina,  2.5 
mm.;  hind  femora,  8.5  mm. 

Two  males.  Otoyac,  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico,  2,700  feet,  December  (L.  Bru- 
uer) ;  Orizaba,  Mexico,  4,000  feet,  W.  S.  Blatchley  ( J.  McNeill). 

1  have  preferred  McNeill's  name  to  Bruner's  because  the  latter  has 
and  the  former  has  not  been  employed  in  closely  related  genera. 


32  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

9.  RHABDOTETTIX,  new  genus. 

(fldf3$o?t  a  stick;   re'rric,  grasshopper.) 
Paraidemona  (pars)  BRUNNER,  Kev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Body  more  or  less  pilose,  of  much  the  same  shape  as  in  Paraidemonar 
at  least  in  the  male;  that  of  the  female  differs  only  in  being  a  little 
shorter.  Head  not  prominent,  not  wider  including  the  eyes  than  the 
broadest  part  of  the  pronotum;  vertex  very  feebly  arched,  scarcely 
elevated  above  the  level  of  the  prouotum  and  in  the  male  not  above 
that  of  the  eyes,  the  fastigium  rather  rapidly  decliveut,  narrow  (female) 
or  very  narrow  (male)  between  the  eyes,  broadening  in  front,  .sulcate 
between  the  eyes  in  the  female,  throughout  in  the  male;  frontal  costa 
contracted  only  at  the  extreme  summit,  elsewhere  equal,  broader  than 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  but  not  very  broad,  slightly  sulcate; 
eyes  moderately  prominent  in  the  male,  much  larger  than  (male)  or  about 
as  large  as  (female)  the  whole  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
rather  slender,  fully  half  as  long  as  the  body  (male)  or  simply  longer 
than  head  and  pronotuin  together  (female).  Pronoturn  very  slightly 
(male)  or  distinctly  (female)  enlarging  from  in  front  backward,  the  front 
margin  not  in  the  least  flaring  to  receive  the  head,  the  hind  margin 
biconvexly  truncate,  being  slightly  emarginate  in  the  middle  with  ATery 
broadly  convex  halves,  more  distinct  in  the  female  than  in  the  male : 
disk  nearly  plane,  but  very  broadly  convex  transversely,  with  well 
rounded  angles  in  passing  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  and  a  very 
feeble,  blunt,  median  cariua;  prozona  about  twice  as  long  as  the  ineta- 
zona,  sparsely  punctate  especially  in  the  female,  the  metazona  densely 
punctate,  the  transverse  sulci  of  the  former  much  as  in  Sinaloa,  but 
slightly  more  distant.  Prosternal  spine  short,  erect,  conical;  rnes:>- 
sterual  lobes  separated  by  an  interval  which  is  distinctly  longer  than 
broad  in  the  male,  subquadrate  in  the  female,  the  metasternal  lobes 
contiguous  or  subcoutiguous  (male)  or  moderately  distant  (female). 
Tegmina  elliptical,  lateral,  about  as  long  as  the  prozona.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  distinctly  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  short  and 
moderately  stout,  the  hind  tibiae  with  8-11,  generally  9,  spines  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  subclavate,  upturned, 
the  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  with  no  basal  ampliation,  straight 
or  very  feebly  sinuate,  the  apex  rounded  and  not  angulate,  protruding 
beyond  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  less  than  half  the  length  of 
the  latter;  furcula  .consisting  of  a  pair  of  exceptionally  broad  lobes 
scarcely  protruding  beyond  the  margin  of  the  last  dorsal  segment; 
cerci  compressed,  moderately  broad,  subequal  and  arcuate  or  subarcuate. 

R.  palmeri  maybe  taken  as  the  type. 

The  genus  is  known  only  from  Texas  and  Mexico,  where  three  species 
occur. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE    SPECIES    OF    RHA15DOTETTIX. 

A1.  Sides  of  the  disk  of  the  pronotuin  with  a  narrow  light  colored  stripe,  rarely 
indistinguishable  from  the  rest  of  the  disk,  followed,  on  the  upper  portion  of  the 
lateral  lobes,  by  a  broad  dark  stripe;  cerci  of  male  not  narrowed  before  the  middle. 


NO.  1124. 


OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  33 

ft1.  Interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  about  twice  as  long  as  broad, 
the  lobes  rounded  on  their  inner  margin  ;  cerci  of  male  feebly  and  regularly  incurved 

throughout,  almost  half  us  broad  as  the  supraanal  plate 1.  concinnus  (p.  33). 

b2.  Interspace  between  the  inesosternal  lobes  of  male  only  a  little  longer  than 
broad,  the  sides  parallel;  cerci  of  male  bent  distinctly  inward  on  apical  third, 

much  less  than  half  as  broad  as  the  supraanal  plate 2.  palmer  i  (p.  34). 

A2.  Sides  of  the  disk  and  of  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum  with 
no  distinct  stripes ;  cerci  of  male  narrowed  before  the  middle 3.  pilosus  (p.  35). 

i.  RHABDOTETTIX  CONCINNUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  2.) 

Body  very  sparsely  but  not  briefly  pilose,  brownish  testaceous  above, 
luteo-testaceous  below,  marked  with  blackish  castaneous  and  dull 
luteous  and  more  or  less  tinged  with  ferruginous.  Head  luteo-testa- 
ceous, profusely  and  delicately  mottled  with  fuscous  on  face  and  genae, 
the  vertex  black  or  blackish  castaueous,  bounded  by  a  narrow  luteous 
stripe  behind  the  upper  part  of  the  eyes,  separating  from  it  a  broad 
black  or  blackish  band  behind  the  middle  of  the  eyes,  which  again  is 
followed  by  a  broad  luteous  patch  behind  the  lower  part  of  the  eyes; 
face,  including  frontal  costa  and  the  front  of  the  genae,  sparsely  punc- 
tate; antennae  luteo-testaceous  more  or  less  infuscated.  Pronotum 
with  a  very  broad,  median,  blackish  castaneous  band  crossing  the  pro- 
zona,  separated  from  an  equally  broad,  similar,  percurrent,  posteriorly 
widening  baud  on  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  (but  here  less  pure) 
by  a  rather  narrow  dull  luteous  stripe,  the  continuation  of  that  behind 
the  upper  part  of  the  eyes;  metazona  mostly  ferrugineo-testaceous ; 
rest  of  the  body  blackish  castaneous  above,  with  a  broad,  irregularly 
margined,  broadening,  dull  luteous  or  luteo  ferruginous,  median  stripe; 
lower  portion  of  lateral  lobes  of  the  prouotum  luteous  or  luteo-testa- 
ceous. Tegmiua  black  in  the  interstices  of  the  pale  testaceous  veins. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  greenish  with  a  very  strong  ferruginous  tinge 
above;  hind  femora  ferruginous  above,  yellowish  luteous  beneath,  the 
outer  face  olivaceous  more  or  less  infuscated  above,  the  genicular 
arc  piceous;  hind  tibiae  olivaceous  green,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines 
black,  ten  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangu- 
lar with  slightly  convex  sides,  the  lateral  margins  slightly  raised,  the 
inner  half  tectate  with  a  rather  deep  and  slender  median  sulcuson  the 
summit,  extending  from  the  base  to  the  middle  of  the  plate;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  scarcely  projecting  exceedingly  broad  plates, 
each  of  which  is  much  more  than  half  as  wide  as  its  half  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate  beneath  it,  separated  from  each  other  by  a  considerable 
interval;  cerci  thinly  laminate,  the  outer  side  slightly  convex  trans- 
versely, pretty  broad,  the  basal  half  subequal,  the  apical  half  bent 
strongly  upward  in  a  curve,  the  apex  rounded,  the  whole  gently 
incurved,  subfalcate;  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  slightly 
and  broadly  convex  as  seen  from  the  side,  falling  toward  the  apex, 
which  is  not  at  all  angulate;  pallium  capable  of  erection  as  a  high 
pyramid. 

Proc.  N  M.  vol.  xx 3 


34  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


Length  of  body,  male,  15  mm.,  female,  18  mrn. ;  antennae,  male,  9  mm., 
female,  7  inin.;  tegmina,  male,  2.75  mm.,  female,  3.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  10  mm.,  female,  10.75  mm. 

One  male,  2  females.  Waco,  McLennan  County,  Texas,  October  4,  6 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Texas,  Belfrage,  October  13. 

The  broader  cerci,  incurved  throughout  and  not  abruptly  bent  inward 
apical ly,  separate  this  species  clearly  from  R.  palmer i.  In  one  view 
their  base  may  be  said  to  be  narrower  than  the  apical  portion  and  so 
the  description  of  StaPs  species  would.be  applicable  to  this,  but  the 
interval  between  the  mesosterual  lobes  of  the  male  is  here  nearly  twice 
as  long  as  broad,  while  in  R.pilosus  it  is  more  nearly  quadrate. 

2.  RHABDOTETTIX  PALMERI,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  3.) 

Body  thinly  but  not  briefly  pilose,  luteo- testaceous  beneath,  black  or 
blackish  ferruginous  (male)  or  ferrugineo-testaceous  (female)  above, 
marked  with  dull  luteous;  the  darker  parts  are  found  in  a  dorsal  stripe 
from  the  front  of  the  vertex  to  the  front  of  the  metazona,  on  the  upper 
half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prouotum,  and  on  the  sides  of  the 
abdomen.  Head  luteo-testaceous,  more  or  less  deeply  infuscated; 
frontal  costa  feebly  punctate  above;  antennae  luteous  or  testaceous, 
apically  infuscated.  Pronotum  with  the  dark  portions  mentioned 
separated  by  a  narrow  light  stripe,  which  begins  behind  the  upper 
part  of  the  eyes  and  on  the  head  is  bright  luteous,  but  in  passing  over 
the  pronotum,  especially  iu  the  female,  becomes  much  duller  and  is 
sometimes  scarcely  distinguishable;  in  most  vivid  examples  it  crosses 
the  pronotum,  but  even  in  the  male  it  usually  becomes  obsolescent  on 
the  metazona,  which  is  mostly  ferrugineo-testaceous  in  both  sexes, 
rarely  black  mesially  in  the  male;  the  lateral  stripe  on  the  pronotum 
generally  margined  more  or  less  distinctly  with  black ;  lower  portions 
of  lateral  lobes  luteous  or  luteo-testaceous,  narrowly  edged  beneath 
with  testaceous;  abdomen  with  a  widening  dorsal  stripe  of  ferrugineo- 
testaceous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  ferruginous,  slightly  iufuscated 
apically;  hind  femora  green,  ferruginous  above,  the  upper  genicular 
lobe  and  sometimes  the  whole  gemculation  black;  hind  tibiae  green, 
the  spines  black-tipped,  usually  nine  but  varying  from  nine  to  eleven 
in  the  outer  series.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular  with  slightly 
convex  sides,  which  are  slightly  elevated  and  separated  by  a  broad 
valley  from  the  median  tectate  portion;  the  latter  is  considerably  ele 
vated  and  carries  a  deep  slender  median  sulcus  more  than  half  the 
length  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  broad  plates,  whose 
advance  beyond  the  posterior  line  of  the  last  dorsal  segment  is  scarcely 
perceptible,  each  about  a  quarter  the  basal  width  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  cerci  moderately  broad,  compressed,  straight  and  slightly  dirnin 
ishingin  size  for  about  two-thirds  their  length,  then  suddenly  and  con 
siderably  curved  inward  and  bent  upward,  narrowing  more  rapidly  and 


N0. 1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  35 


ending  roundly;  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  almost  straight, 
the  apex  well  rounded;  pallium  capable  of  a  considerable  pyramidal 
erection. 

Length  of  body,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  18  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  6  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  2.75  mm.,  female,  3.2  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  8  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

Eight  males,  12  females.  Montelovez,  Cohahuila,  Mexico,  September 
22,  E.  Palmer.  fU.S.N.M.  STo.  704,  male  and  female.] 

The  antennae  of  the  male  are  scarcely,  so  long  in  this  species  as  in 
the  others;  it  differs  decidedly  from  E.  concinnus  in  the  bent  and  narrow 
cerci  as  well  as  in  the  more  nearly  quadrate  interspace  between  the 
mesosternal  lobes  of  the  male;  from  E.  pilosus,  to  which  it  seems  more 
nearly  allied  and  for  which  I  at  first  mistook  it,  it  differs  in  the  cerci  of 
the  male,  which  do  not  narrow  before  the  middle,  in  being  a  smaller 
insect,  besides  having  a  duller  coloring  with  more  contrasted  markings, 
to  judge  from  Stal's  description. 

3.  RHABDOTETTIX  PILOSUS. 

Pezotettix  pilosus  STAL,  Bih.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  pp.  10-11. 
Paraidemona  pilosa  BKUNXER,  Rev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

I  have  not  seen  this  species,  and  accordingly  give  Stal's  description, 
englished.  The  description  is  mainly  a  comparative  one,  the  basis  of 
comparison  being  Aidemona  azteca,  next  which  Stal  placed  it,  in  the 
same  section  of  Pezotettix. 

Olivaceous ;  legs  yellowish  olivaceous ;  hind  tibiae  greenish  olivaceous, 
the  base  and  geniculatioii  proper  of  the  hind  femora  black;  tegmina 
rudimentary.  Length  of  male  16  mm. 

Male. — Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  a  little  longer  than 
broad,  with  parallel  sides,  much  narrower  than  the  lobes  themselves; 
metasternal  lobes  subcontiguous ;  eyes  large,  rather  convex;  apical 
margin  [of  the  pronotumj  gradually  and  obtusely  sinuate,  slightly 
emargmate  in  the  middle,  destitute  of  a  lobe;  supraanal  plate  fur- 
nished with  a  gradually  narrowing  sulcus,  extending  beyond  the 
middle  of  the  plate;  cerci  gently  curved,  compressed  and  rather  broad 
throughout,  before  the  middle  slightly  narrowed;  subgenital  plate 
short,  very  strongly  recurved;  abdomen  posteriorly  tumescent  and 
somewhat  recurved. 

Distinguished  from  Aidemona  azteca  by  the  front  and  prozona  less 
densely  punctate,  frontal  costa  obtusely  subsulcate,  narrower  between 
the  antennae,  the  sides  parallel  but  slightly  narrowed  at  the  base,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  narrower,  the  disk  of  the  pronotum 
smooth,  abbreviate  and  truncate  anteriorly,  the  metazona  about  half 
as  long  as  the  prozona,  tegmina  rudimentary,  widely  separated,  ellip- 
tical, extending  slightly  beyond  the  median  segment,  shorter  than  the 
pronotum,  the  abdomen  blunter  at  tip,  posteriorly  more  tumid  and 
recurved,  the  cerci  broader,  the  last  dorsal  segment  of  the  abdomen 


36  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

with  no  obtuse  apically  emarginate  lobe  [furcula],  the  hind  femora 
slenderer  and  longer,  prosternal  spine  conical,  and  the  antennae  longer, 
more  than  half  as  long  as  the  body;  hind  tibiae  in  the  specimen 
described  furnished  exteriorly  with  eight  black  spines,  greenish  oliva- 
ceous at  the  base. 

A  female  specimen,  in  which  the  dor  sum  of  the  body  and  of  the  hind 
femora  are  ferruginous,  with  smaller  eyes,  the  interspace  between  the 
mesosternal  lobes  subtransverse  and  scarcely  narrower  than  the  lobes 
themselves,  and  metasternal  lobes  moderately  distant,  is  very  probably 
to  be  referred  to  the  species  described  above.  In  this  specimen  the 
antennae  are  mutilated  and  the  hind  tibiae  armed  exteriorly  with  nine 
spines. 

Mexico  (Brunner's  collection). 

To  this  I  may  add  that  the  present  species  is  certainly  very  close  to 
the  others  described  above  under  this  genus,  but  seems  to  be  slightly 
larger  than  either,  and  to  differ  by  the  cerci  of  the  male  to  a  greater 
degree  than  either  of  these  do  from  each  other.  It  is  evidently  also  of 
a  lighter  color,  and  no  mention  is  made  by  Stal  of  a  very  distinct  dark 
lateral  baud,  which  is  characteristic  of  the  other  two. 

1O.  CYCLOCERCUS,  new  genus. 
(nvxho?,  circle;  nspno^,  tail.) 

Body  shaped  much  as  in  Paraidemona,  male  and  female,  rather 
sparsely  and  not  very  briefly  pilose.  Head  not  prominent,  the  vertex 
moderately  arched,  scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  but  the 
fastigiuin  rapidly  descending,  more  or  less  sulcate  especially  in  the 
male,  much  broadened  anteriorly;  face  moderately  retreating,  the 
frontal  costa  generally  more  or  less  sulcate  and  broadening  slightly 
from  above  downward,  generally  percurrent ;  interval  between  the  eyes 
narrow  (male)  or  rather  narrow  (female),  generally  narrower  than  the 
upper  part  of  the  frontal  costa;  eyes  moderately  prominent,  especially 
in  the  male,  generally  much  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the 
posterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  much  (male)  or 
scarcely  if  at  all  (female)  longer  than  the  head  and  pronotum  together. 
Pronotum  scarcely  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  enlarging  from  in 
front  backward,  both  front  and  hind  margins  truncate,  the  latter  some- 
times slightly  emarginate,  the  surface  transversely  convex  with  feeble 
or  no  median  carina  and  no  lateral  carinae,  the  disk  passing  jilmost 
insensibly  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  prozona  about  twice  as  long 
as  the  metazona  and  less  closely  and  less  regularly  punctate,  the  trans- 
verse sulci  as  in  Sinaloa.  Prosternal  spine  erect,  blunt,  conical;  inter- 
val between  mesosterual  lobes  at  least  as  long  as  broad  in  the  male,  a 
little  transverse  in  the  female,  the  metasternal  lobes  attingent  or  sub- 
attingent  in  the  male,  approximate  in  the  female.  Tegmina  shorter 
than  the  pronotum,  lateral,  linear.  Fore  and  middle  femora  distinctly 
more  gibbous  in  the  male  than  in  the  female;  hind  femora  rather  short 


NO.  1124.  7,'/:r/>70Y  or  THE  MELAXOPLT—SCUDDER.  37 


and  stout,  the  outer  margin  of  the  hind  tibiae  with  nine  or  ten  spines. 
Extremity  of  abdomen  bluntly  rounded  (whence  the  generic  name),  the 
lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  straight  from  the  very  base,  in 
no  way  angulate  on  meeting  apically,  but  protruding  beyond  the  apex 
of  the  supraanal  plate  by  more  than  half  the  length  of  the  latter;  cerci 
conical,  acuminate,  sometimes  with  an  inferior  median  tooth;  furcula 
wholly  wanting. 

Three  species  occur  in  northern*  Mexico  and  southern  Texas. 

C.  bintrif/ata  may  be  taken  as  the  type.  C.  valya  is  somewhat  aber- 
rant, and  should  perhaps  be  separated  generically. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE    SPECIES   OF   CYCLOCERCUS. 

A.1  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad; 

anal  cerci  of  male  slender,  simple. 

b.1  Hind  femora  relatively  stout;  upper  surface  of  body  with  a  distinct  bright 
stripe  running  from  the  upper  margin  of  the  eye  backward  over  the  region  of  the 

lateral  carinae  on  each  side 1.  bistrigata  (p.  37). 

I).-  Hind  femora  relatively  slender;  upper  surface  of  body  with  at  most  an  obscure 
stripe  in  the  region  specified 2.  accola  (p.  38). 

A.2  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  subquadrate;  cerci  of  male  stout, 

with  an  inferior  median  tooth 3.  valga  (p.  39). 

i.  CYCLOCERCUS  BISTRIGATA,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  4.) 

Dark  almost  blackish  chocolate  brown,  striped  with  bright  yellow 
testaceous.  Head  testaceous,  often  clouded,  occasionally  mottled,  with 
fuscous,  the  summit  to  below  the  middle  of  the  eyes  posteriorly  blackish 
brown,  with  a  narrow  but  widening  testaceous  stripe  behind  the  upper 
half  of  the  eyes;  lateral  margins  of  the  fasti gium,  particularly  between 
the  eyes,  elevated  to  a  rounded  ridge,  more  prominent  and  rounded  in 
the  male  than  in  the  female,  reversely  arcuate;  frontal  costa  moderately 
broad,  subequal,  sulcate  (more  deeply  in  the  male  than  in  the  female), 
above  feebly  punctate  at  the  sides,  occasionally  obsolescent  at  base  in 
the  female;  lateral  carinae  of  face  distinct,  slightly  divergent;  antennae 
testaceous.  Both  prozona  and  metazoiia  ruguloso-punctate  in  the 
male,  the  prozona  coarsely,  bluntly  and  rather  sparsely  punctate  in 
the  female;  pronotum  with  the  postocular  testaceous  stripe  of  the  head 
continued,  in  the  male  as  a  slender,  sharply  defined  stripe  across  both 
prozona  and  metazona,  in  the  female  as  a  slightly  broader  stripe  across 
or  nearly  across  the  prozona  only,  fading  posteriorly  and  less  sharply 
defined  above;  episterna  testaceous;  meso-  and  metathorax  and  abdo- 
men of  male  blackish  above,  with  a  broad  mediodorsal  testaceous  stripe, 
and  testaceous  below;  of  female  more  or  less  blackish  along  the  middle 
of  the  sides,  sometimes  margined  above  with  a  broad,  posteriorly 
evanescent,  often  broken,  testaceous  stripe,  generally  almost  or  quite 
obsolete,  the  dorsum  proper  brown.  Interval  between  the  mesosternal 
lobes  of  male  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad.  Tegmina  slender,  linear, 
very  slightly  and  regularly  enlarging  to  the  well  rounded  tip,  about  as 


38  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

long  as  the  prozona.  Hind  femora  rather  stout,  olivaceo-ruddy  brown, 
sometimes  fulvo- testaceous,  the  incisures  of  the  outer  face  fuscous,  the 
apex  more  or  less  infuscated;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  the  apical  half  of 
the  spines  black.  Supraaual  plate  of  male  broadly  triangular,  with 
slightly  convex  sides  and  roundly  angulate  apex,  with  a  shallow  basal 
median  sulcus,  bordered  by  slightly  elevated  broad  walls;  furcula 
wholly  absent,  the  last  dorsal  segment  emarginate  in  the  middle;  cerci 
tapering  rather  rapidly  iu  the  basal  two-fifths,  beyond  very  slightly 
tapering,  very  slender,  subacuminate,  straight,  reaching  the  top  of  the 
supraaual  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male  16  mm.,  female  19.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  8  mm.;  teginina,  male  3  mm.,  female  3.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  11  mm.,  female  11.5  mm. 

One  male,  4  females.  Venis  Mecas,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  June  6, 
E.  Palmer;  Mt.  Alvarez,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  E.  Palmer;  Sierra 
Kola,  Tamaulipas,  Mexico,  December  3-6,  E.  Palmer. 

It  is  possible  that  the  male,  which  comes  from  Yeuis  Mecas,  may  be 
distinct  from  the  females,  which  come  from  all  the  localities;  in  that 
case  the  name  should  be  retained  for  the  male  as  the  most  characteristic 
form. 

2.  CYCLOCERCUS  ACCOLA,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  5.) 

With  the  same  general  color  and  markings  as  0.  bistrigata,  but  with- 
out the  distinct  carinal  stripe  of  that  species.  Head  testaceous,  black- 
ish above,  with  a  little  of  the  postocular  stripe  in  the  female;  fastigium 
distinctly  sulcate,  broadening  in  front;  interspace  between  the  eyes 
slightly  narrower  than  in  C.  Mstrigata,  the  frontal  and  lateral  costae 
as  there;  antennae  fusco- testaceous.  Prozona  with  coarse  dull  punctu- 
ation in  the  female,  transversely  ruguloso-punctate  in  the  male,  the 
metazona  in  both  closely  punctate;  posterior  margin  of  prozoua  faintly 
emarginate,  the  sulcus  dividing  the  lobes  being  slightly  angulate; 
dorsurn  of  pronotum  darker  or  lighter  testaceous,  the  lower  portion  of 
the  lateral  lobes  navo-testaceous,  the  upper  portion  blackish  brown, 
forming  part  of  a  broad,  dark,  arcuate  belt,  more  sharply  defined  below 
than  above,  which  passes  down  over  the  mesothoracic  epimera;  abdo- 
men testaceous,  with  a  broad  piceous  lateral  band  on  its  proximal  half. 
Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  nearly  twice  as  long  as 
broad.  Teginina  fusco- testaceous.  Hind  femora  rather  slender,  fusco- 
testaceous,  yellowish  on  inner  face,  much  infuscated  and  sometimes 
strongly  tinged  with  bluish  green  on  outer  face,  the  geniculation 
wholly  testaceous ;  hind  tibiae  testaceous  at  extreme  base,  the  remainder 
bluish  green,  the  spines  pallid  on  basal,  black  on  apical,  half.  Supra- 
anal  plate  small,  triangular,  with  roundly  pointed  apex,  and  a  short 
deep  basal  sulcus,  bounded  by  high  rounded  walls;  furcula  wanting; 
cerci  small,  slender,  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate,  tapering  gently 
in  basal  half,  beyond  equal  or  subequal,  very  slender,  blunt  tipped, 
straight. 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCrDDER.  39 


Length  of  body,  male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  21  Dim.;  antennae,  male, G.5 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  tegiuina,  male,  2  mm.,  female,  3.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  11.5  mm. 

Two  males,  one  female.  Corpus  Christ!  Bay,  Xueces  County,  Texas, 
December  11-20,  E.  Palmer;  Lerdo,  Duraugo,  Mexico,  December  (L. 
Brunei1). 

3.  CYCLOCERCtfS  VALGA,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  6.) 

Brownish  testaceous  with  blackish  and  dull  luteous  markings.  Head 
dull  luteo-testacoous,  the  whole  summit  of  the  head  to  below  the  middle 
of  the  eyes  posteriorly  blackish,  with  a  narrow  and  somewhat  obscure 
luteous  stripe  on  either  side,  following  the  sides  of  the  entire  fastigium 
around  the  eyes  to  the  middle  and  then  passing  backward,  continuing 
across  the  prozona  on  the  upper  margin  of  the  lateral  lobes;  fastigium 
feebly  sulcate  between  the  eyes,  which  are  separated  by  a  narrow  space, 
much  narrower  than  the  rather  broad  and  subequal  frontal  costa;  this 
becomes  obsolescent  below  and  is  shallowly  sulcate  in  the  middle  and 
sparsely  and  feebly  punctate  throughout,  like  the  rest  of  the  face  and 
the  genae ;  antennae  luteo-testaceous.  Pronotuin  with  a  broad  blackish 
fuscous  dorsal  stripe,  crossing  the  whole  prozona  between  the  luteous 
stripes  mentioned,  coarsely  and  feebly  rugoso-punctate ;  metazona  finely 
and  closely  rugoso-punctate,  rufo-testaceous ;  lateral  lobes  pallid  lute- 
ous below,  crossed  above  by  a  very  broad  mixed  luteo-castaneous  and 
blackish  band,  greatly  broadening  and  weakening  on  the  metazona, 
where  it  becomes  rufo-testaceous;  episterna  pale  greenish  luteous; 
epiniera  subpiceous.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male 
subquadrate.  Tegmina  dark  fuscous  with  luteous  veins,  about  as  long 
as  the  prozona,  linear,  slightly  and  regularly  enlarging  to  the  rounded 
apex.  Hind  femora  flavo-luteous  like  the  under  surface  of  the  abdo- 
men, pale  rufo-testaceous  above,  the  outer  field  with  a  bluish  green 
upper  margin,  the  whole  geniculation  pale  rufo-testaceous;  hind  tibiae 
feebly  incurved  apically  (whence  the  specific  name),  blue-green  with 
a  testaceous  base,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black.  Supraanal  plate 
of  male  shield-shaped,  with  strongly  sinuous  sides,  much  longer  than 
broad,  with  a  rather  narrow  sulcus  on  the  basal  half,  bounded  by  slight 
ridges;  furcula  wanting  and  the  last  dorsal  segment  parted  in  the  mid- 
dle; cerci  somewhat  tumid  and  large  at  base,  tapering  rapidly  in  the 
basal  half,  the  apical  half  laminate,  tapering,  acuminate,  with  an  inferior 
dentation  at  its  base. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm. ;  antennae,  8.5  mm. ;  tegmina,  4  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  11.25  mm. 

One  male.  Sierra  Nola,  Tainaulipas,  Mexico,  December  3-6,  E. 
Palmer. 

This  species  differs  widely  from  the  two  preceding. 


40  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  M  CSV  I'M.  VOL.XX. 

11.  SINALOA,  new  genus. 
(Geographical  name.) 

Body  shaped  much  as  in  Paraidemonct,  male  and  female,  briefly 
pilose.  Head  a  little  prominent,  the  vertex  well  arched  and  the  fas- 
tigium  rather  rapidly  descending,  shallowly  sulcate,  the  frontal  costa 
not  very  broad,  about  as  broad  as  the  interval  between  the  eyes,  sub- 
equal,  percurreut,  sulcate;  face  but  little  retreating;  eyes  separated 
by  a  tolerably  narrow  interval,  narrower  in  male  than  female,  rather 
prominent  in  the  male,  considerably  (female)  or  very  much  (male)  longer 
than  the  anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae ;  antennae  moderately 
stout,  in  the  male  much  longer  than  the  head  and  prouotum  together. 
Pronotum  subequal  in  the  male,  but  with  slightly  expanding  front 
margin  and  metazoua,  distinctly  enlarging  posteriorly  in  the  female, 
both  front  and  hind  margin  truncate,  the  latter  feebly  emarginate,  with 
slight  percurreut  median  carina  and  no  lateral  carinae,  the  lateral  lobes 
vertical ;  prozoua  almost  twice  as  long  as,  and  less  feebly  punctate  than, 
the  metazona,  cut  in  the  middle  by  a  transverse  sulcus,  followed  behind 
by  a  sinuous  or  broadly  W-shaped  sulcus,  both  tolerably  distinct. 
Prosternal  spine  erect,  conical,  bluntly  pointed;  interval  between  meso- 
sternal  lobes  feebly  transverse  in  both  sexes,  the  nietasternal  lobes  not 
very  close.  Tegmiua  brief,  lobiform,  lateral.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
of  male  tumid;  hind  femora  moderately  long  but  stout,  the  spines  of 
the  outer  row  of  hind  tibiae  ten  to  eleven  in  number.  Margin  of 
subgenital  plate  of  male  straight  from  the  base,  which  is  in  no  way 
ampliate;  cerci  compressed  laminate,  subequal.  slender;  furcula  con 
sisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel,  attingent,  slender,  spine-like  processes. 

The  only  species  known  is  from  Mexico. 

SINALOA  BEHRENSII,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  7.) 

Body  fusco- testaceous  above,  flavo-testaceous  beneath,  the  two  colors 
separated  on  the  sides  by  a  broad  blackish-fuscous  band,  extending 
from  behind  the  eyes  across  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum,  subequal 
and  well  defined  throughout  but,  at  least  in  the  female,  slightly  enlarged 
and  a  little  obsolescent  on  the  metazona,  continued,  at  least  in  the  male, 
on  the  sides  of  the  base  of  the  abdomen.  Head  flavo-testaceous,  with  a 
mediodorsal,  widening,  blackish  fuscous  or  dull  fuscous  stripe  from  the 
base  of  the  fastigium  backward,  sometimes  broken ;  face  with  extremely 
feeble  signs  of  delicate  puncta,  no  more  abundant  on  the  frontal  costa 
than  elsewhere;  antennae  flavo-testaceous,  growing  iufuscated  apically. 
Pronotum  with  the  metazona  transversely  and  snbrugosely  punctate, 
especially  in  the  male  and  on  the  lateral  lobes,  simply  punctate  on  the 
disk  in  the  female,  transversely  striate  in  the  region  of  the  lateral 
carinae  on  the  prozona,  the  median  carina  sometimes  blackish  fuscous 
in  continuation  of  the  stripe  on  the  head.  Teginina  fusco- testaceous, 
somewhat  darkest  on  anterior  half,  hardly  so  long  as  the  prozona, 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLL—SCUDDER.  41 


rounded  acuminate  at  tip,  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad.  Hind  femora 
flavo  testaceous,  the  angulate  incisures  of  the  outer  face  rather  broadly 
fuscous ;  hind  tibiae  flavous  or  flavo- testaceous,  the  spines  black  except- 
ing their  base.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  short  triangular,  with  feebly 
convex  sides,  rectangulate  apex,  and  with  a  pair  of  short,  oblique,  rather 
prominent,  rounded  ridges  before  the  middle  of  the  basal  half  of  either 
side;  furcula  consisting  of  cylindrical,  equal,  blunt  fingers  fully  a  third 
the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  compressed  laminate,  rather 
slender,  narrowed  in  the  middle  by  the  arcuation  of  the  upper  margin, 
bluntly  rounded  at  tip,  gently  incurved  throughout,  and  hardly  so  long 
as  the  supraanal  plate;  apex  of  subgenital  plate  a  little  angulate, 
extended  no  great  distance  beyond  the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  25  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9.25 
mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  4  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  11  mm., 
female,  15  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Sinaloa,  Mexico,  collected  by  Koels;  received 
from  J.  Behrens,  of  San  Francisco,  after  whom  it  is  named. 

12.    PARAIDEMONA, 

(rcapa,  beside;  Aiclemona,  a  genus  of  Melanopli.) 
Paraidemona  BRUNNEK  (pars),  Re"v.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Body  compact,  not  slender,  subcylindrical,  a  little  compressed,  slightly 
enlarged  at  the  metathorax,  especially  in  the  female,  the  abdomen  of 
the  male  feebly  clepsydral,  the  apex  tumescent  and  rounded,  and  some- 
what recurved.  Head  not  prominent,  the  vertex  well  rounded,  the 
eyes  separated  narrowly  in  the  male,  not  widely  in  the  female,  rather 
prominent,  particularly  in  the  male,  and  large,  much  larger  than  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  genae,  subangulate  above  in  the  female; 
antennae  very  much  longer  than  head  and  pronotum  together,  especially 
in  the  male.  Pronotum  truncate  at  both  extremities,  enlarging  very 
slightly  posteriorly,  more  in  the  female  than  the  male,  with  slight,  per- 
current,  median  carina,  no  lateral  cariuae;  prozona  twice  as  long  as 
the  metazona,  both  equally  and  somewhat  similarly  punctato  rugulose, 
the  transverse  sulci  of  the  prozona  lightly  impressed,  one  of  them 
dividing  the  prozona  in  equal  halves  and  percurrent.  Prosternal  spine 
moderate,  blunt,  conical,  erect;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of 
male  longer,  sometimes  much  longer,  than  broad;  of  female  (where 
known)  a  little  longer  than  broad;  metasternal  lobes  narrowly  attin- 
gent.  Apterous  in  both  sexes.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  dis- 
tinctly tumescent;  hind  femora  not  very  long.  Lateral  margins  of 
subgenital  plate  straight  from  the  base,  which  is  not  ampliate  and  is 
concealed  behind  the  preceding  segment;  cerci  styliform,  conical;  fur- 
cula consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel,  attingent,  cylindrical  processes, 
terminating  bluntly. 

As  here  restricted,  Pczoiettix  pnnctatus  Stal  is  the  type. 

The  genus  is  confined  to  Texas  and  northern  Mexico,  so  far  as  known. 


42  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE    SPECIES   OF   PARAIDEMONA. 

Supraanal  plate  of  male,  excepting  the  tip,  subquadrate,  the  lateral  margins  rectau- 

gulate 1.  pujictata  (p.  42). 

Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular  with  nearly  straight  sides 2.  mimica  (p.  43). 

i.  PARAIDEMONA  PUNCTATA. 

(Plate  III,  figs.  8,  9.) 

Pezotettix  punclatus  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  11. 
Pezotettix  nudus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p.  77;  Cent. 

Orth.  (1879),  p.  66.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 
Paraidemona  punctata  BRUNNER,  Rev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Interspace  between  eyes  as  broad  as  (male)  or  rather  broader  than 
(female)  the  first  antenna!  joint;  frontal  costa  moderate,  equal,  flat 
above,  sulcate  at,  below,  and  to  some  extent  a  short  distance  above, 
the  ocellus.  Pronotum  expanding  a  very  little  posteriorly,  mostly  on 
the  posterior  half,  the  front  and  hind  margins  truncate,  the  latter  some- 
times almost  imperceptibly  emarginate  in  the  middle,  especially  in  the 
male,  the  lateral  carinae  wholly  wanting;  the  whole  pronotum  is  equally 
subrugoso-punctate  throughout,  unless  it  be  that  the  disk  is  coarser 
than  the  deflected  lobes;  meso-  and  metanota,  and  the  basal  segments 
of  the  abdomen  similarly  but  more  obscurely  punctured.  The  general 
color  is  a  greenish  yellow  more  or  less  tinged  with  brown,  brighter  in  the 
male  than  in  the  female,  and  marked  with  blackish  fuscous;  the  darker 
markings  consist,  principally,  of  a  dorsal  stripe,  which  either  extends 
over  the  pronotum  as  a  broad  equal  band,  often  fainter  in  the  middle, 
with  a  triangular  extension  on  the  head,  and  sometimes  a  narrowing 
infnscatioii  on  the  meso-  and  metanota  (male),  or  forms  an  obovate 
patch  along  the  middle  of  the  anterior  lobe  of  the  prothorax,  with  the 
same  triangular  extension  on  the  head,  and  reappears  sometimes  on  the 
meso  and  metathorax,  and  always  on  the  abdominal  joints,  as  a  series 
of  obliquely-descending,  triangular,  lateral  patches,  separated  from  one 
another  by  a  yellowish  median  line  (female) ;  also  of  a  broad  lateral  band, 
which  extends  from  behind  the  eye  backward,  either  to  the  hinder  edge 
of  the  prothorax,  its  upper  margin  straight,  its  lower  arcuate  (male),  or 
across  the  prozona  only,  occasionally  in  an  obscure  manner  across  the 
metazona  also,  both  margins  arcuate  (female);  beyond  this  the  lateral 
band  extends  over  the  remainder  of  the  thorax  and  over  the  abdomen, 
often  broken  into  spots  on  the  latter,  and  always  enlivened  on  the  for- 
mer by  an  oblique  yellowish  line,  which  crosses  it  on  the  metathoracic 
episterna.  The  face  partakes  of  the  color  of  the  under  surface,  as  do  the 
bases  of  the  antennae;  beyond,  the  antennae  become  slightly  rufous; 
just  behind  its  narrowest  point  the  vertex  has  a  transverse  blackish 
line,  Hind  femora  greenish  yellow,  the  lower  portion  of  their  outer 
face  more  or  less  embrowned,  deepening  frequently  into  black,  which 
occasionally  covers  the  whole;  hind  tibiae  pale  green,  the  spines  black 
tipped.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  twice  as  broad  as  long,  tumid,  the 
upper  edge  a  little  and  angularly  produced  in  the  middle;  supraanal 


NO.  1124.  RETISIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC  UDDER.  43 


plate  nearly  quadrate,  tapering  very  slightly,  the  outer  angles  slightly 
produced,  and  the  posterior  edge  with  a  median,  triangular,  pointed 
extension,  a  third  as  wide  as  the  extremity  of  the  plate  and  longer 
than  broad;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  attingent,  depressed,  rather 
stout,  scarcely  tapering,  blunt-tipped  fingers,  fully  half  as  long  as  the 
suprannal  plate  and  slightly  upturned  at  the  tip ;  anal  cerci  very  simple, 
being  slight  conical  projections^  tapering  mostly  in  their  basal  half,  the 
tip  blunt,  the  whole  not  so  long  as  the  disk  of  the  supraanal  plate, 
omitting  its  apical  extension. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  8  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  12.25  mm. 

Thirteen  males,  21  females.  Dallas,  Texas,  J.  Boll;  Texas,  June  13, 
28,  29,  July  5,  August  3,  Belfrage  (U.S.N.M.,— Kiley  collection);  Oar- 
rizo  Springs,  Dimmit  County,  Texas,  A.  Wadgymar,  August  28  (the 
same);  Goliad,  Texas,  December  3,  E.  Palmer;  Corpus  Christi  Bay, 
^ueces  County,  Texas,  December  11-20,  E.  Palmer.  Stal's  specimens 
came  from  Texas. 

2.  PARAIDEMONA  MIMICA,  new  species. 
(Plate  III,  fig.  10.) 

Yellowish  testaceous,  heavily  banded  with  black,  especially  on  the 
sides,  and  more  markedly  in  the  male  than  the  female.  Head  with 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  very  narrow,  especially  in  the  male, 
the  fastigium  between  them  sulcate,  narrowly  in  the  male,  the  sulcation 
continuing  so  as  to  be  subcontinuous  with  that  of  the  frontal  costa, 
which  is  sulcate  in  its  whole  extent,  equal,  and  broader  than  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes.  Prouotum  punctate  as  in  P.  punctata,  and  as 
there  a  glabrous  spot  free  of  punctuation  occurs  on  the  prozoua  at  the 
summit  of  the  lateral  lobes.  A  black  stripe,  sometimes  wanting  or 
feebly  fuscous  in  the  female,  begins  at  some  point  on  the  fastigium  and 
continues  backward,  broadening  on  the  head  so  as  to  include  nearly 
the  entire  vertex,  and  crosses  the  pronotuni  as  a  broad  mediodorsal 
band,  as  broad  as  the  length  of  the  metazona,  or  in  the  female  even 
broader;  it  is  sometimes  obscure  or  wholly  obsolete  in  the  female,  while 
in  the  male  it  is  always  distinct,  at  least  on  the  prozona,  and  generally 
continues,  though  narrowed,  over  the  rneso-  and  metanota.  The  lat- 
eral band,  generally  rnfo-piceous,  is  still  broader  and  is  sharply  defined 
above  and  below,  often  uninterrupted  on  the  metazona  in  the  female, 
where  it  widens  so  as  to  include  behind  the  whole  of  the  thoracic  pleura 
(excepting  the  episterna)  and  the  sides  of  the  first  four  abdominal  seg- 
ments; above  it  is  more  or  less  distinctly  accompanied  in  the  female  by 
a  testaceous  stripe.  The  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  of  the  female  lacks 
the  double  series  of  oblique  lateral  dashes  found  in  P.  punctata,  or  has 
them  very  feebly  marked.  Hind  femora  yellowish  testaceous,  the  outer 
face  growing  darker  below,  giving  there  a  broken  irregular  blackish 
stripe ;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  the  pallid  spines  black  tipped.  Supraaual 


44  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

plate  of  male  triangular,  with  the  lateral  margins  slightly  convex  in 
the  middle  (scarcely  shown  in  the  figure),  with  a  pair  of  slightly  dis- 
tant, short,  longitudinal,  subapical  ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  attingent,  depressed,  equal,  parallel,  blunt  tipped  fingers,  less  than 
a  third  as  long  as  the  supra-anal  plate;  cerci  simple,  conical,  pointed, 
hardly  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  7  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  9  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

Four  males,  5  females.  Fort  Worth,  Tarrant  County,  Texas,  May, 
([No.  705]  U.S.N.M  ,— Eiley  collection);  Columbus,  Colorado  County, 
Texas,  June  21  (the  same);  southwest  Texas,  Schaupp  (L.  Bruner); 
Uvalde,  Texas,  last  week  of  July,  E.  Palmer. 

This  species  resembles  P.  punctata  to  such  a  degree  as  with  difficulty 
to  be  distinguished  from  it,  except  by  the  abdominal  appendages  of  the 
male,  which  are  remarkably  distinct.  There  is  no  sign  in  the  female  of 
the  dark  mediodorsal  fusiform  patch  on  the  prouotuni,  and  the  coloring 
of  the  female  in  both  species  is  very  variable. 

There  are  two  other  forms  of  Paraidemona  known  to  me,  which  I 
deem  probably  distinct  from  either  of  the  above,  but  being  known 
only  by  the  female,  I  only  allude  to  them.  Both  have  relatively  heavy 
hind  femora. 

One  is  almost  wholly  olivaceous,  the  abdominal  carina  marked  with 
yellow,  and  with  yellow  shades  upon  the  sides  of  the  dorsum  of  the 
thorax;  it  comes  from  Carrizo  Springs,  Texas  (U.S.N.M.). 

The  other  is  almost  wholly  yellowish  testaceous,  with  no  dorsal  stripe 
and  relatively  feeble  and  fleeting  lateral  stripes;  it  comes  from  Dallas, 
Texas  (U.S.X.M.),  and  Venis  Mecas,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  January 
6,  E.  Palmer. 

13.  AIDEMONA. 

(aidijfj-oar,  modest.) 
Aidemona  BRUNXER,  R6v.  Syst.  Orth.,  1893,  p.  145. 

Body  compact,  moderately  slender,  parallel  sided  but  enlarged  at  the 
mesothorax.  Head  not  prominent,  the  vertex  well  rounded,  rising 
above  the  level  of  the  prouotum,  the  space  between  the  eyes  narrow 
but  not  very  narrow,  the  face  broadly  rounded  and  a  little  retreating; 
frontal  costa  a  little  prominent  above,  broad,  much  broader  than  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  plane,  percurrent,  subequal,  and  heavily 
punctate;  eyes  moderately  prominent  but  little  more  so  In  the  male 
than  in  the  female,  rather  large,  broad  ovate,  much  larger  than  the 
subocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  slender,  rather  shorter  than 
the  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  scarcely  enlarging  poste- 
riorly, transversely  quadrate,  the  dorsum  plane  or  very  feebly  convex, 
with  the  lateral  lobes  set  sharply  at  right  angles  to  it,  but  otherwise 
with  no  raised  lateral  cariuae,  a  feeble  median  carina  on  metazona  only, 


X0.H24.  EEVISION  OF  THE  MEL AXOPLI—SC UDDER.  45 


the  front  margiu  truncate,  the  hind  margin  subrectangulate;  prozona 
and  metazona  of  subequal  length,  the  sulcus  separating  them  distinct 
but  not  deep,  suddenly  augulatc  in  the  middle  by  the  emargination  of 
the  prozona,  tbe  posterior  sulcus  of  the  prozona  arcuate  or  angulate  so 
as  to  approach  it  in  the  middle,  the  middle  sulcus  subparallel  to  this 
but  more  nearly  transverse  and  crossing  the  middle  of  the  prozona,  the 
front  of  the  prozona  in  no  w$iy  elevated  to  receive  the  head.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  quadrate,  appressed,"  broadly  truncate;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  subquadrate,  a  little  longer  than  broad  in  the  male, 
the  reverse  in  the  female,  the  metasternal  lobes  attingent  over  some 
space  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Tegmiua  and  wings  fully  devel- 
oped, the  former  with  scarcely  any  ampliation  of  the  costa  near  the 
base.  Fore  and  middle  femora  but  little  more  gibbous  in  the  male 
than  m  the  female;  hind  femora  not  very  long,  the  hind  tibiae  with  ten 
spines  on  the  outer  side.  Margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  straight 
from  the  base,  which  is  not  ampliate,  a  little  elevated  at  the  apex; 
cerci  styliform,  about  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  the  furcula  nearly 
obsolete. 
The  genus  is  confined  so  far  as  known  to  Mexico  and  Central  America. 

AIDEMONA  AZTECA. 
(Plate  I V,  fig.  1.) 

Platyphyma  azteca  SAUSSURE,  Eev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861  (1861),  p.  161;  Ortk.  Xov. 
Amer.,  II  (1861),  p.  12.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870), 
p.  716.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  223. 

Pczotettix  aztecus  STAL,  Bib.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V  (1878),  No.  9,  p.  10. 

Aidemona  azteca  BRUNNER,  Rev.  Syst.  Ortli.  (1893)  p.  145. 

Brownish  fuscous  above,  sometimes  deepening  to  blackish  fuscous, 
especially  on  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum,  testa- 
ceous below,  often  deeply  infuscated.  Head  mostly  testaceous,  heavily 
punctate  throughout  excepting  on  the  vertex,  where  the  puncta  are 
obscure  and  subdued,  and  where  the  color  is  dark;  fastigiuin  with  more 
or  less  elevated  but  rounded  lateral  walls;  frontal  costa  slightly 
widened  just  above  the  ocellus;  antennae  testaceous,  more  or  less 
infuscated,  especially  toward  apex.  Pronotum  heavily  and  almost 
equally  punctate  throughout,  both  on  dorsum  and  lateral  lobes,  but  less 
crowded  on  the  posterior  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona,  and 
with  a  small,  free,  glabrous  patch  above  on  either  half  of  the  prozona; 
lower  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  testaceous,  in  greater  or  less  contrast  to 
the  blackish  upper  half,  the  darker  portion  widening  on  the  metazona; 
but  while  this  feature  is  sometimes  very  marked,  in  specimens  in  which 
the  testaceous  under  surface  becomes  flavous,  it  is  sometimes  scarcely 
to  be  detected,  so  infuscated  may  the  lower  half  become.  Tegmina 
far  surpassing  the  abdomen,  rather  slender,  well  rounded  apically, 
griseous  from  a  profuse  and  rather  minute  fuscous  flecking  on  a  semi- 
pellucid  base,  the  flecking  more  or  less  confluent  in  the  basal  third; 


46  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

wings  pellucid,  feebly  infuscated  apically,  the  veins  and  cross  veins 
blackish  fuscous.  Hind  femora  very  variable,  the  outer  face  varying 
from  olivaceo-testaceous  with  fuscous  incisures  to  dark  almost  blackish 
fuscous,  the  most  distinctly  marked  specimens  with  the  base  broadly 
and  obliquely  yellowish  testaceous,  and  a  middle  oblique  band  of  no 
great  width  of  the  same  color;  inner  side  red;  hind  tibiae  obscure 
glaucous,  becoming  luteous  toward  the  base,  rather  densely  pilose,  the 
spines  black-tipped.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular,  rather  small, 
tectate  especially  apically,  with  a  narrow  basal  median  sulcus,  bounded 
by  high  and  heavy  walls,  which  do  not  extend  over  half  the  plate; 
furcula  composed  of  a  pair  of  very  small,  rounded,  attingent  lobes, 
barely  projecting  beyond  the  edge  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci 
about  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  slender,  tapering  throughout 
but  slightly  more  in  the  basal  than  the  apical  half,  feebly  compressed, 
acuminate,  feebly  incurved  in  the  apical  half;  infracercal  plates  brief, 
concealed. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  21  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  5.5 
mm.,  female,  6  mm. ;  tegmina,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  18  mm. ;  hind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm. 

Forty-one  males,  35  females.  Mexico,  Sumichrast;  Mexico,  April, 
Botteri;  Orizaba,  Mexico,  January  (L.Bruner);  Veins  Mecas,  San  Luis 
Potosi,  Mexico,  January  6,  E.  Palmer;  San  Luis  Potosi  and  Savinito, 
San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  E.  Palmer ;  Aguas  Calientes,  Mexico,  L.  Bruner ; 
Tehuau tepee, Mexico, February ,  Sumichrast;  Eealejo, Nicaragua,  April, 
McNeil. 

Specimens  in  my  collection,  poorly  preserved,  seem  to  indicate  the 
presence  of  two  other  species  of  this  genus  in  Mexico,  one  at  Vera  Cruz, 
the  other  at  Tehuan tepee. 

14.  HYPOCHLORA. 

(v7tox\K)po?,  greenish  yellow.) 

Hypochlora  BRUNNER  (pars),  Rev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Body  slender,  compressed,  very  thinly  pilose.  Head  not  prominent, 
the  summit  gently  arched,  the  fastigiuni  descending  with  moderate 
rapidity,  the  face- re  treating  considerably;  interspace  between  the  eyes 
broad,  the  fastigium  scarcely  sulcate,  the  frontal  costa  rather  narrow, 
not  nearly  so  broad  as  the  space  between  the  eyes,  sulcate,  percurrent, 
and  subequal;  eyes  moderate  in  size,  not  very  prominent,  similar  in  the 
two  sexes,  about  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  and  distinctly  longer  than 
the  anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  moderately 
stout,  somewhat  longer  (male)  or  a  little  shorter  (female)  than  the  head 
and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  subequal,  even  in  the  female,  very 
feebly  and  gradually  enlarging  in  passing  backward,  with  a  distinct 
percurrent  median  carina,  the  disk  very  broadly  subtectate,  passing  by 
a  rounded  angle  hardly  forming  a  lateral  carina  into  the  vertical  lateral 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  M KLAXol'IJ—  SC UDDER.  47 


lobes,  the  front  margin  subtruncate,  the  hind  margin  very  obtusely 
angulate,  the  very  coarsely,  feebly,  and  sparsely  punctate  prozona  half 
as  long  again  as  the  finely  and  suddenly  punctate  metazona,  its  poste- 
rior margin  faintly  angularly  emarginate,  the  transverse  sulci  feeble, 
one  dividing  it  into  two  equal  halves  and  straight,  the  other  a  third 
the  way  behind  it  to  the  metazona  and  sinuate.  Prosternal  spine  erect, 
moderately  slender,  conical;  Interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes 
more  than  twice  as  long  (male),  or  nearly  half  as  long  again  (female)  as 
its  middle  breadth,  the  shape  being  strongly  clepsydral  from  the  con- 
vexity of  the  inner  margin  of  the  lobes,  the  metasternal  lobes  subat- 
tingent,  especially  in  the  male.  Tegmiua  abbreviate,  acuminate,  attin- 
gent  or  overlapping,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  slightly  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  slender,  somewhat 
compressed,  the  lower  genicular  lobe  not  free  from  markings,  the  hind 
tibiae  with  nine  to  ten  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  of  male 
not  clavate  nor  curved  upward  apically,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  sub- 
genital  plate  straight  from  the  very  base,  acutaugulate  at  tip,  with  a 
slight,  blunt,  apical  tubercle;  cerci  very  slender  and  simple;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  cylindrical  slender  fingers,  subparallel  or 
more  or  less  crossing  one  another,  perhaps  parallel  in  life. 

This  genus  was  established  by  Brunner  upon  three  species,  one  of 
which  must  be  referred  to  Hesperotettix,  since  the  lateral  margins  of 
the  subgenital  plate  are  clearly  ampliate  at  the  base;  while  another  has 
here  been  placed  in  a  near  and  neighboring  genus,  Campy lacanthaj 
leaving  H.  alba  as  the  type  and  at  present  the  only  known  member  of 
the  genus.  It  is  found  in  our  Western  States  only,  east  of  the  Rocky 
Mountains,  and  from  Nebraska  southward. 

HYPOCHLORA  ALBA. 

(Plate  IV,. fig.  2.) 

Pezotettix alba  DODGE!,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  10.— BRUNER!,  ibid.,  IX  (1877), 
p.  144.— THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eug.,  1878,  1845  (1878).— BRUNER!,  Rep. 
U.  S.  Ent.  Conim.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 
IV  (1884),  p.  58.— RILEY,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  pp.  201-202.— BRUNER!, 
Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  136;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  307.— 
OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  n  (1892), p.  117.— BRUNER!,  Publ.  Nebr. 
Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Hypoclilora  alba  BRUNNER,  Re>.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Pale  yellowish  green  with  very  feeble  markings.  Head  pale  yellowish 
green,  often  more  or  less  grayish  and  punctate  or  irrorate  with  pale 
ferruginous,  and  sometimes  with  a  feeble  inconspicuous  pallid  stripe 
from  the  upper  margin  of  the  eye  backward;  antennae  pale  luteous  at 
base  becoming  ferruginous  and  at  tip  sometimes  infuscated.  Prono- 
tum pale  yellowish  green,  sometimes  grayish,  rarely  brighter  green, 
not  infrequently  sprinkled  with  ferruginous  dots,  the  position  of  the 
lateral  carinae  in  best-marked  specimens  marked  with  an  inconspicuous 
pale  yellow  stripe,  sometimes  very  inconspicuous,  deepening  in  color 


48  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


from  above  downward  ;  the  lower  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  rather  lighter 
colored  than  the  disk  of  the  pronotuin.  Tegmina  pale  grass  green. 
Fore  and  middle  legs  greenish  yellow;  hind  femora  pale  yellowish 
green,  sometimes  a  little  iufuscated  especially  above,  occasionally 
sprinkled  sparsely  with  ferruginous  dots;  hind  tibiae  very  pale  faintly 
bluish  green  ,  the  spines  with  only  their  extreme  tips  brownish  or  black- 
ish. Supraanal  plate  of  male  pretty  regularly  triangular  with  subacu- 
minate  apex,  the  surface  tectate  and  the  mesial  ridge  divided  in  two  by 
a  narrow  percurrent  sulcus,  deep  on  the  basal  half  of  the  plate;  fur- 
cula  composed  of  a  pair  of  adjacent,  straight  and  very  slender,  cylin- 
drical, bluntly  acuminate  processes,  several  times  longer  than  broad; 
cerci  very  delicate,  tapering  on  the  basal  half,  beyond  very  slender, 
equal,  compressed,  cylindrical,  apically  bluntly  subacuminate,  the 
apical  half  considerably  and  gradually  incurved;  infracercal  plates 
narrow,  laterally  arcuate,  a  little  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate, 
concealed  by  the  recumbent  cerci. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  21.5  mm.  ;  antennae,  male, 
7  mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4.5  mm.,  female,  5.4  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Thirteen  males,  23  females.  Bismarck,  Burleigh  County,  North 
Dakota,  August  9  (L.  Bruner)  ;  Fort  Robinson,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska, 
August  21-22,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.  —  Riley  collection);  Nebraska,  G. 
M.  Dodge  (S.  H.  Scudder;  S.  Henshaw;  U.S.N.M.  [No.  706]—  Riley 
collection);  Gordon,  Sheridan  County,  Nebraska,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.  — 
Riley  collection);  Valentine,  Cherry  County,  Nebraska,  L.  Bruuer  (the 
same);  Finney  County,  Kansas,  September,  H.  W.  Menke  (University 
of  Kansas);  between  Smoky  Hill,  Kansas,  and  Denver,  Colorado, 
L.  Agassiz  (Mus.  Coinp.  Zool.);  Colorado,  5500  feet,  Morrison:  Pueblo, 
Colorado,  4700  feet,  August  30-31. 

The  species  was  originally  described  from  Glencoe,  Dodge  County, 
Nebraska.  It  has  since  been  reported  from  Manitoba,  Minnesota, 
Dakota,  Montana,  and  from  Fort  McKinney,  Johnson  County,  Wyo- 
ming, and  Kansas  by  Bruner,  from  Iowa  by  Osborn,  and  Colorado  by 
Thomas.  "Here  in  Nebraska,"  says  Bruner,  "it  is  one  of  our  common- 
est species,  when  one  knows  where  to  look  for  it."  It  feeds,  according 
to  the  same  writer,  on  what  is  called  in  the  West  "  white  sage,"  Arte- 
misia ludoviciana,  with  which  its  colors  closely  correspond. 

15.  CAMPYLACANTHA,  new  genus. 

?,  bent  (backward);  anavfja,  (prosternal)  spine.) 


Hypochlora  BRUNNER  (pars),  R6v.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Body  somewhat  compressed,  rather  densely  pilose.     Head  rather 

prominent,  especially  in  the  male,  the  genae  being  rather  tumid  and 

the  summit  strongly  arched  and  distinctly  elevated  above  the  level  of 

the  pronotum,  the  fastigium  descending  rapidly,  but  the  face  moder- 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  49 


ately  retreating;  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad  (male)  or 
broad  (female),  the  fastigiuin  feebly  if  at  all  silicate,  the  frontal  costa 
distinctly  broadest  between  the  antennae,  where  it  is  nearly  as  wide  as 
(male)  or  still  much  narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  percurrent,  sulcate  at  least  below  the  ocellus;  eyes  not  very 
prominent  nor  very  large,  longer  in  proportion  to  breadth  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male,  and  yet  in  the  female  hardly,  in  the  male  distinctly, 
longer  than  the  anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
rather  coarse,  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  body  in  the  male,  distinctly 
longer  than  head  and  pronotuin  together  in  the  female.  Pronotum  sub- 
equal  (male)  or  distinctly  and  very  gradually  broadening  posteriorly 
(female),  with  a  rather  slight  median  carina,  sometimes  interrupted 
between  the  sulci,  the  disk  very  broadly  subtectate,  passing  by  a  rounded 
angle,  without  forming  lateral  cariuae,  into  the  vertical  (female)  or  sub- 
vertical  (male)  lateral  lobes,  the  front  margin  subtiuncate,  in  no  way 
flaring,  the  hind  margin  obtusely  angulate,  the  impunctate  or  very  fee- 
bly rugulose  prozona  nearly  or  quite  half  as  long  again  as  the  punctate 
or  distinctly  rugulose  inetazoua,  its  transverse  sulci  moderately  dis- 
tinct, that  in  the  middle  straight,  and  followed  a  third  of  the  way  to 
the  metazona  by  a  similar  but  arcuate  sulcus.  Prosternal  spine  blunt 
conico- cylindrical,  more  or  less  retrorse;  interspace  between  mesoster- 
nal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  (male)  or  half  as  long  again  (female)  as 
broad,  the  inner  margins  of  the  lobes  nearly  straight;  metasternal 
lobes  attiugent  (male)  or  subattingeut  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviated, 
generally  but  not  always  a  little  longer  than  the  pronotuin,  rounded  or 
subacuminate  at  tip,  their  inner  margins  overlapping  or  separated. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  distinctly  gibbous  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
variable,  as  also  the  coloring  of  the  inferior  genicular  lobe;  hind  tibiae 
with  nine  to  ten,  generally  nine,  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen 
of  male  very  feebly  clavate,  very  feebly  upturned,  the  lateral  margins 
of  the  subgenital  plate  not  ampliate  at  the  base,  the  apex  bluntly 
angulate  at  tip,  with  a  distinct  but  not  very  large  tubercle,  extending 
beyond  the  inner  side  of  the  apical  margin ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  slight,  rounded,  feebly  projecting  lobes. 

This  genus  is  closely  allied  to  Hypocklora,  but  is  composed  of  gener- 
ally stouter  forms,  in  which  the  antennae  are  longer,  the  pronotuin  is 
usually  rugulose  rather  than  punctate,  and  the  males  of  which  have 
more  tumid  anterior  femora,  besides  the  differences  pointed  out  in  our 
table  of  genera. 

C.  acutipennis  may  be  taken  as  the  type. 

The  genus  occurs  only  in  the  West,  where  it  ranges  east  of  the  Rocky 
Mountains  from  Nebraska  to  Texas,  and  occurs  again  in  Durango, 
Mexico. 

Proc.  X.  M.  vol.  xx 4 


50  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY   TO   THE   SPECIES   OF   CAMPYLACANTHA. 

A1.  Distal  half  of  anal  cerci  of  male  less  than  half  as  broad  as  the  extreme  base. 
bl.  Hind  femora  relatively  slender,  the  greatest  breadth  in  the  male  being  no 
greater  than  the  length  of  the  prozona. 
c1.  General  colors  griseous,  with  a  slight  greenish  tinge;  hind  tibiae  livid,  finely 

flecked  with  griseous 1.  acutipennis  (p.  50). 

c2.  General  colors  olivaceous;  hind  tibiae  yellowish  green 2.  olivacea  (p.  51). 

&2.  Hind  femora  relatively  stout,  the  greatest  breadth  in  the  male  being  a  little 
greater  than  the  length  of  the  prozona;  hind  tibiae  bluish  green,  lutescent  apic- 

ally 3.  similis  (p.  52). 

A2.  Distal  half  of  anal  cerci  of  male  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  extreme  base. 

4.  rivax  (p.  52). 

i.     CAMPYLACANTHA   ACUTIPENNIS. 

(Plate  IV,  fig.  3.) 

Pezotettix  acutipennis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  p.  472; 

Ent.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  71;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  16.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S. 

Ent.  Cornm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  58;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  136. 
Hypochlora  acutipennis  BRUNNEK,  Rev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Brownish  fuscous  with  a  dull  olivaceous  tinge,  giving  a  griseous 
aspect ;  excepting  the  abdomen  pilose  throughout.  Head  mottled  irreg- 
ularly with  darker  and  lighter  shades,  a  dark  triangular  spot  in  the 
middle  of  the  posterior  part  of  the  summit,  and  generally  an  obscure 
dark  band  passing  backward  from  the  hinder  edge  of  the  eyes  and 
crossing  a  portion  of  the  sides  of  the  pronotum ;  antennae  pale  yellow- 
ish, infuscated  at  extreme  tip,  Prouoturn  delicately  rugulose,  the 
median  cariua  distinct,  the  dorsum  more  distinctly  tectate  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male.  Tegrnina  less  than  half  as  long  as  the  body,  but 
longer  than  the  pronotum,  tapering  to  a  blunt  point,  dark  brown,  the 
veins  and  cross  veins  generally  paler  and  olivaceous.  Legs  dusky,  the 
middle  femora  blackish  externally;  hind  femora  more  or  less  indis- 
tinctly trifasciate  with  blackish;  hind  tibiae  livid,  mottled  minutely 
and  profusely  with  brown,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black.  Supra- 
anal  plate  of  male  triangular  with  nearly  straight  sides,  acutangulate 
at  tip,  the  apex  blunt,  the  basal  half  with  a  deep  sulcus  between 
slightly  converging  elevated  ridges,  the  apical  half  more  or  less 
depressed,  but  showing  faint  signs  of  the  continuation  of  the  median 
sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight,  rounded,  adjacent  lobes, 
projecting  very  slightly;  cerci  straight,  slender,  and  short,  scarcely 
reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  nearly  straight  on  the  inferior 
margin,  above  narrowing  rapidly  in  basal,  gradually  in  apical,  half, 
again  more  rapidly  at  extreme  tip,  the  apex  bluntly  acuminate;  infra- 
cereal  plates  broad  at  base,  regularly  tapering,  with  nearly  straight 
outer  margin,  failing  to  attain  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  visible 
outside  the  recumbent  cerci. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20.5  mm.,  female,  24.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  10.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  female,  8  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  13 
mm.,  female,  15  mm. 


HO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MEL ANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  51 

Eight  males, 4  females.  Texas,  Belfrage  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection) ; 
Texas,  Liucecum ;  Dallas,  Texas,  J.  Boll ;  Bosque  County,  Texas,  G.  W. 
Belfrage;  Fort  Wortli,  Tarrant  County,  Texas,  May  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection) ;  San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas  (L.  Bruiier).  It  is  also 
reported  from  McPherson,  Labette,  Shawnee,  and  Barber  counties, 
Kansas,  by  Bruner.  Boll  took«the  species  in  September  and  October 
in  woods,  on  plants  and  bushes;  Belfrage  in  October  on  prairies. 

2.  CAMPYLACANTHA  OLIVACEA. 
(Plate  IV,  fig.  4.) 

Pezotettix  olivacens  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  p.  472; 
Ent.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  71;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  16.— BRUNEI*,  Rep.  U.  S. 
Ent.  Comin.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  58;  Ins.  Life,  III  (1891),  p.  229;  Bull.  Div.  Ent., 
U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  14;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Bright  olivaceous  green,  occasionally  somewhat  iufuscated  and  so 
approaching  in  appearance  C.  acutipennis.  Summit  of  head  with  a  dark- 
green  median  stripe,  broadening  posteriorly,  sometimes  including  a 
median  yellowish  thread;  sides  of  head  and  sometimes  the  front  tinged 
with  yellow;  antennae  green  at  base,  beyond  orange,  infuscated  at  the 
extreme  tip.  Pronotum  covered  rather  profusely  with  short  longitudi- 
nal dashes  of  lemon  yellow,  rather  irregularly  distributed  but  distinctly 
marking  the  median  cariua,  excepting  at  its  posterior  extremity,  and 
also  the  two  extremities,  rarely  the  whole,  of  the  lateral  carinae.  Teg- 
rnina  green,  generally  half  the  length  of  the  abdomen,  occasionally  but 
little  longer  than  the  pronotum,  rarely  half  as  long  again.  Legs  stout, 
yellowish  green,  the  fore  and  middle  femora  more  or  less  tinged  with 
dull  orange;  outside  of  hind  femora  slightly  infuscated,  thetibial  spines 
black-tipped.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  and  furcula  wholly  similar  to 
the  same  parts  in  C.  acutipennis;  cerci  straight  and  slender,  shorter 
than  the  supraanal  plate,  usually  partially  erect,  at  least  in  cabinet 
specimens,  the  basal  half  tapering,  the  apical  less  than  half  as  broad, 
equal,  the  tip  rounded  but  a  little  produced  below,  the  outer  surface 
slightly  sulcate  on  the  apical  half;  infracercal  plates  as  in  C.  acutipennis. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  29  mm. ;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  10.5  inm. ;  tegmina,  male,  8.5  mm., female,  13.5  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  17.5  mm. 

Twenty  males,  20  females.  Lincoln,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner);  Douglas 
County,  Kansas,  900  feet,  September  (University  of  Kansas);  Texas, 
September  14,  Belfrage ;  Bosque  County,  Texas,  October  24-27,  Belfrage ; 
Dallas,  Texas,  September  9,  J.  Boll;  Fort  Worth,  Tarraut  County,  Texas, 
May  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection).  Frequently  found  sitting  on  fences 
in  the  autumn,  according  to  Belfrage. 

This  species  very  closely  resembles  the  preceding,  and  may  perhaps 
yet  be  proved  but  a  dimorphic  form  of  the  same;  it  appears  to  be  com- 
moner and  to  have  a  wider  range.  Bruner  states  that  he  has  seen  it 


52  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


uin  beet  fields  several  times  under  such  circumstances  as  led  [him]  to 
think  it  feeds  upon  that  plant.  It  is  also  quite  partial  to  Helianthus 
and  Cheiiopodiuin." 

3.  CAMPYLACANTHA  SIMILIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  IV7  fig.  5.) 

Bark  bluish  green,  more  or  less  iufuscated  and  enlivened  by  various 
shades  of  green.  A  broad,  longitudinal,  sordid  yellow  stripe  behind  the 
upper  half  of  the  eyes,  beginning  at  their  nearest  approximation,  leaves 
on  the  top  of  the  head  a  broad,  equal,  dark  bluish  green  dorsal  stripe; 
the  genae  are  more  or  less  mottled  with  olivaceous  and  the  antennae  are 
ferruginous,  deeply  infuscated.  Pronotum  more  or  less  deeply  tinged 
with  dark  olivaceous,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozomi 
alone  pure  bluish  green,  though  the  dorsuin  of  the  metazona  approaches 
it.  Tegmina  dull  green,  infuscated  basally,  nearly  or  quite  half  as  long 
as  the  abdomen,  subacumiuate.  Fore  and  middle  femora  dull  ferru- 
ginous, apically  dark  olivaceous;  hind  femora  stouter  than  in  the  two 
preceding  species,  bluish  green  on  the  outer  face,  slightly  infuscated  at 
the  incisures,  greenish  fuscous  above  feebly  bifasciate  with  fuscous, 
flavo-luteous  below  and  within,  and  with  a  feeble  and  broken  testa- 
ceous pregenicular  annulus;  hind  tibiae  pale  bluish  green,  deepest  at 
base,  followed  by  a  dull  luteous  annulus  and  becoming  lutescent  api- 
cally, the  spines  tipped  with  black.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  similar  to 
that  of  the  two  preceding  species,  but  flatter,  with  lower  ridges;  furcula 
as  there;  cerci  almost  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  tapering  very 
rapidly  in  the  basal  third,  beyond  slender,  less  than  half  as  broad  as 
the  base,  subequal,  expanding  feebly  beyond  the  middle  and  then 
tapering  again,  the  lower  portion  of  the  tip  very  slightly  produced  and 
very  feebly  curved  downward;  infracercal  plates  much  as  in  the  preced- 
ing species  or  perhaps  broader  basally. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23.5  mm.,  female,  35  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  10.5  mm.;  tegmina, male, 9  mm., female,  11.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  17.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.    Lerdo,  Durango,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner). 

This  species,  though  closely  allied  to  the  preceding,  is  distinguish- 
able from  it  not  only  by  its  colors,  but  by  the  greater  stoutness  of  the 
hind  femora,  more  easily  recognized  than  described. 

4.  CAMPYLACANTHA  VIVAX. 

(Plate  IV,  fig.  6.) 

Pezotettix  rivax  SCUDDER  \,  Ann.  Rep.  Geol.  Surv.  W.  100th  mer.  1876  (1876),  p.  284 ; 
Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.  1876  (1876),  p.  504.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coimn., 
Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Head  large,  prominent,  yellowish  green,  mottled  with  brown,  which 
on  the  summit  forms  a  very  broad  longitudinal  stripe;  vertex  between 
the  eyes  as  broad  as  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigium  slightly  sulcate; 


NO.  1121.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  53 


frontal  costa  equal,  rather  deeply  sulcate  below  the  ocellus;  antermae 
light  brown,  the  basal  joint  unusually  small.  Pronotum  small,  equal, 
compressed,  the  dorsum  flat,  the  whole  so  much  smaller  than  the  head 
as  to  give  the  insect  a  strangulated  appearance,  brownish  green,  mot- 
tled with  darker  and  lighter  markings,  the  lateral  carinae  with  a  yel- 
lowish stripe  and  the  latera}  lobes  with  a  similar  oblique  stripe 
descending  to  the  lower  anterior  angle;  the  metazona  is  profusely 
punctate,  the  transverse  sulci  deeply  impressed,  the  median  carinae 
obsolescent,  the  lateral  carinae  wholly  obtuse,  the  posterior  margin 
very  obtusely  angulate.  Prosternal  spine  not  very  stout,  cylindrical, 
very  bluntly  tipped,  inclined  rather  strongly  backward.  Tegmina 
about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  slender,  short,  lanceolate;  wings  rudi- 
mentary. Hind  femora  slender,  yellow,  tinged  on  the  upper  half  with 
brownish,  and  obscurely,  narrowly  and  transversely  bifasciate  above 
with  the  same;  hind  tibiae  glaucous  (!),  the  spines  reddish,  tipped  with 
black;  aroliuin  extremely  large.  Abdomen  yellowish,  tinged  above 
with  greenish  brown,  the  last  segment  of  the  male  scarcely  upturned. 
Supraanal  plate  of  male  broad  triangular,  with  a  deep  percurreut 
median  sulcus,  the  margins  of  which  are  strongly  elevated  in  the  basal 
half,  gently  elevated  in  the  apical  half,  the  apex  slightly  less  than  rec- 
tangulate,  blunt;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  rounded, 
slightly  projecting,  adjacent  lobes;  cerci  compressed  laminate,  scarcely 
reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  gently  incurved,  tapering  on 
the  basal  half,  scarcely  enlarging  beyond,  where  it  is  more  than  half  as 
broad  as  at  the  base,  the  tip  broadly  rounded,  but  slightly  produced 
below. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm.;  antennae,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  4.15 
mm.;  hind  femora,  9  mm. 

One  male.  Plains  of  northern  New  Mexico,  eastern  slope,  October 
14-31,  Lieutenant  W.  L.  Carpenter. 

16.  EOTETTIX,  new  genus. 
(7)0??,  dawn,  i.e.  eastern;  rerrt^,  grasshopper.) 


Body  slender,  elongate,  feebly  compressed,  with  very  sparse  pilosity. 
Head  relatively  large  and  rather  prominent  but  short,  apart  from  the 
prominent  eyes  almost  broader  than  the  pronotum,  the  face  not  very 
oblique,  the  genae  not  tumescent,  all  the  carinae  prominent;  vertex 
faintly  arched,  not  raised  above  the  pronotum;  fastigium  rather  nar- 
row but  greatly  broadening  anteriorly,  very  little  declivent,  shallowly 
sulcate;  frontal  costa  about  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  broadening  above,  the-  margins  distinctly  elevated  throughout; 
eyes  large  and  very  prominent,  rather  broad  oval,  about  half  as  long 
again  as  broad,  separated  above  by  a  moderate  interval;  antennae 
slender,  slightly  depressed.  Prouotum  moderately  long,  equal,  com- 
pressed, with  rounded  subtectate  but  otherwise  plane  disk,  the  median 


54  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

carina  sharp,  equal  and  percurrent,  the  lateral  carinae  distinct  but  con- 
fined to  the  anterior  lobe  of  the  prozona,  and  somewhat  approximated, 
the  two  sections  of  the  prozona  independently  and  rather  abruptly 
tumid  on  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes,  the  transverse  sulci  of 
the  prozona  obscure  but  straight,  the  front  margin  truncate,  the  hind 
margin  produced  but  obtusangulate.  Prosternal  spine  sharply  acumi- 
nate; meso-  and  metastethia  together  much  longer  than  broad;  the 
mesosternal  lobes  approximate  in  the  male,  the  metasternal  attingent. 
Tegmina  abbreviate,  broad  lanceolate,  acuminate,  attingent.  Hind 
femora  not  very  long,  the  lower  genicular  lobe  pallid  except  for  a  nar- 
row, basal,  transverse,  fuscous  streak;  hind  tibiae  with  12  spines  in 
the  outer  series.  Abdomen  of  male  compressed,  the  subgenital  plate 
equal,  its  middle  with  a  pronounced,  backward  directed,  apical  tubercle, 
the  lateral  margins  basally  ainpliate;  furcula  distinctly  developed; 
cerci  styliform,  straight,  acuminate. 
A  single  species  is  known,  from  Florida. 

EOTETTIX  SIGNATUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  IV,  fig.  7.) 
Pezotettix  signata  MCNEILL!,  MS. 

Of  medium  size,  glistening  flavo-testaceous.  Head  prominent,  light 
fusco-olivaceous,  above  broadly  infuscated  along  the  middle  line  and 
with  a  narrow  piceous  postocular  stripe,  bordered  by  flavous;  vertex 
feebly  tumid,  not  rising  above  the  level  of  the  pronotuin,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antennal  joint; 
fastigium  almost  twice  as  broad  anteriorly  as  posteriorly,  little  decli- 
vent,  broadly  and  shallowly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  distinctly  percur- 
rent,  equal  below  the  ocellus,  distinctly  broader  above  it,  so  as  to  be  as 
broad  there  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  the  lateral  borders  ele- 
vated throughout  but  rounded  and  not  acute,  densely  punctate  through- 
out; lateral  carinae  of  face  prominent;  eyes  large,  very  prominent, 
nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  luteous.  Pronotum  equal,  in  no  way  flaring  on  the  metazona, 
the  lateral  lobes  with  a  not  very  broad,  percurreut,  glistening,  blackish 
fuscous,  postocular  stripe,  directly  beneath  which  the  lateral  lobes  are 
more  brightly  colored  than  below;  disk  broadly  convex,  passing  into 
the  vertical  lateral  lobes  almost  insensibly,  except  on  the  anterior  sec- 
tion of  the  prozona,  where  there  are  distinct  lateral  cariuae,  which  are 
separated  from  each  other  by  only  about  three- fourths  the  entire  width 
of  the  prozona;  median  carina  sharp,  percurrent,  equal,  but  on  the 
metazona  diminishing  posteriorly;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin 
bluntly  obtusangulate;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal,  sparsely  punc- 
tate, nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  rather  closely  and  finely  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  small  and  rather  short,  acutely  conical; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  very  narrow,  much  more  than 


ico.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  55 


twice  as  long  as  broad;  metasternal  lobes  broadly  attingent.  Tegmina 
scarcely  longer  than  the  pronotuin,  broad  lanceolate,  acuminate,  with 
strongly  convex  costal  margin,  pale  testaceous.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
very  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  uniform  navo-testaceous,  with  no 
markings  except  a  feeble  and  narrow,  transverse,  fuscous  stripe  at  the 
base  of  the  geuiculation,  and  $  fuscous  upper  edging  to  the  genicular 
arc;  hind  tibiae  very  pale  red  or  pink,  the  spines  pallid  on  the  basal, 
black  on  the  apical  half,  12  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate,  scarcely  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate 
triangular,  tectate,  rising  to  a  pair  of  high  but  rounded  converging 
•ridges,  inclosing  between  them  the  deep  triangular  sulcus,  which  crosses 
the  basal  half  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  stout  and 
coarse,  subparallel,  rather  distant,  subequal,  blunt  projections,  a  little 
longer  than  broad  and  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  slender,  deli- 
cate, conical,  straight,  finely  acuminate,  about  as  long  as  the  supraanal 
plate;  subgenital  plate  rather  small,  considerably  longer  than  broad, 
equal,  terminating  in  a  backward-directed,  bluntly  rounded  tubercle, 
seated  on  the  middle  of  the  apical  portion  of  the  plate,  the  apical  and 
lateral  margins  in  the  same  plane,  the  former  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.;  tegmina,  6.U5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
13.5  mm. 

One  male.     East  Florida,  William  H.  Ashmead  ( J.  McXeill). 

17.  HESPEROTETTIX. 
(f'tiTtspo?,  western;  rem^,  grasshopper.) 
Hesperotettix  SCUDDER,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1875),  p.  262. 

Body  almost  parallel-sided,  very  little  enlarged  at  the  metathorax, 
more  or  less  but  not  greatly  compressed,  more  so  in  the  male  than  in 
the  female.  Head  not  very  prominent;  vertex  usually  very  narrow 
between  the  eyes,  with  a  slight  depression  or  sulcation  between; 
fastigiuin  broadening  in  front  of  it,  declivent,  with  a  median  depression 
or  longitudinal  sulcatiou,  sometimes  distinct,  sometimes  obscure,  the 
sides  rounded;  front  straight,  somewhat  oblique,  the  frontal  costa 
equal,  only  slightly  contracted  at  the  extreme  summit,  generally  as 
broad  as  if  not  broader  than  the  interval  between  the  eyes,  sulcate 
throughout;  antennae  slightly  (female)  or  considerably  (male)  longer 
than  the  head  and  pronotuin  together;  eyes  slightly  prominent,  a  little 
more  so  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  rather  long  oval,  much  longer 
than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae.  Pronotuin  long  and  slender, 
the  dorsum  fully  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  the  prozona  the  longer, 
sometimes  half  as  long  again  as  the  metazona,  with  less  distinction  in 
surface  and  sculpture  between  them  than  common,  alike  broadly  tecti- 
form,  the  median  cariua  slight  but  alike  or  nearly  alike  in  both,  the 
descending  lateral  lobes  separated  by  no  angle  or  ruga;  posterior  mar- 
gin very  obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  rounded,  the  border  delicately 
margined.  Prosterual  spine  rather  long,  bluntly  conical;  meso-  and 


56  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

metastetliia  together  much  longer  than  broad;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  generally  twice  as  long  as  broad  in  the  male,  almost 
equally  narrow  or  subquadrate  in  the  female,  the  metasternal  lobes 
subattingent  in  both  sexes.  Tegmina  and  wings  always  present,  gen- 
erally fully  developed  or  a  little  abbreviate,  but  sometimes  lobate. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  tumid;  hind  femora  long  and  slender, 
somewhat  compressed,  generally  surpassing  the  abdomen,  the  superior 
carina  slight,  unarmed;  hind  tibiae  feebly  ampliate  apically,  with 
spines  of  similar  length  on  the  two  sides;  first  joint  of  hind  tarsi 
scarcely  longer  than  the  third,  the  second  small,  with  a  large  inferior 
apical  lobe;  aroliuin  rather  large,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad.  Sub- 
genital  plate  of  male  furnished  with  a  prominent,  subapical,  more  or 
less  conical  tubercle,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  plate  suddenly  ampliate 
at  base;  furcula  always  distinctly  present  as  a  pair  of  projecting  lobes; 
last  abdominal  segment  of  female  not  abbreviate,  the  ovipositor  nor- 
mally exserted. 

The  type  is  H.  festivus  Scudder,  a  species  mistaken  for  H.  viridis 
Thomas  at  the  time  the  genus  was  described. 

This  genus  is  closely  related  to  Hypoclilora  and  Campylacantha,  but 
is  separated  from  them  by  the  basal  ampliation  of  the  margins  of  the 
subgenital  plate  of  the  male.  One  of  the  species  indeed  (the  most 
aberrant  one)  was  originally  placed  by  Brunuer  in  Hypoclilora.  The 
genus  is  still  more  closely  allied  to  Aeoloplus,  from,  which  it  is  separable 
by  the  form  of  the  prouotum  and  the  slenderness  of  the  body. 

It  is  found  across  the  United  States,  but  only  a  single  species  is 
known  east  of  the  Great  Plains,  and  that  one  has  only  been  found  on 
or  near  the  Atlantic  border.  It  is  generally  characteristic  of  the  West. 

Many  of  the  species  are  very  closely  allied  and  have  hitherto  been 
confounded  by  all  observers.  A  large  amount  of  material  now  enables 
rne  to  distinguish  them  and  to  find  characters  which  will  rarely  fail  of 
tolerably  certain  separation. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE    SPECIES   OF   HESPEROTETTIX. 

A1.  Metazona  of  pronotum  distinctly  punctate  on  dorsnm;  prozona  smooth,  except 
sometimes  feebly  punctate  on  dorsum;  nowhere  rugulose. 

61.  Pronotum  highly  and  irregularly  diversified  in  color,  or  else  nearly  devoid  of 
markings  of  any  kind,  the  dorsum  nearly  plane;  tegniina  in  the  diversified  species 
marked  with  a  white  or  pallid  stripe  on  the  division  line  between  the  discoidal 
and  anal  areas. 

c1.  Transverse  sulci  of  the  pronotum  distinctly  marked  in  black;  hind  femora 
with  a  distinct  pregenicular  annulation. 

dl.  Relatively  slender-bodied,  with  slender  femora;  tegmina  rarely  as  short  as 
the  body  and  then  only  in  male;  antennae  of  male  slender,  distinctly  longer 

than  the  head  and  pronotum  together 1.  viridis  (p.  57). 

d*.  Relatively  stout-bodied,  with  stout  femora;  tegmina  surpassing  the  body 
only  in  the  male  and  then  but  slightly;  antennae  of  male  coarse,  scarcely 

longer  than  the  head  and  prouotum  together 2.  meridian  alitt  (p.  59). 

c".  Transverse  sulci  of  pronotum  not  marked  in  strong  colored  contrast  to  sur- 
roundings; hind  femora  without  red  pregenicular  annulation  or  only  faint  signs 
of  one 3.  festivus  (p.  60). 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCFDDER.  57 


I1.  Pronotum  diversified  in  color  only  by  longitudinal  stripes,  the  dorsnm  dis- 
tinctly tectiform;  tegraina  without  pale  stripes  (though  they  are  occasionally 
indicated). 

c2.  Tegmina  1  obi  form,  no  longer  than  the  prouotum. 

(V.  General  color  dark  brown,  occasionally  with  a  tinge  of  green;  tegmina 

short  ovate,  distinctly  shorter  than  the  pronotum 4.  pacificus  (p.  61). 

d~.  General  color  grass-green;* tegmina  long  oval,  scarcely  shorter  than  the 

pronotum 5.  curtipenni*  (p.  62). 

o-.  Tegmina  fully  developed  or  abbreviate,  fully  twice  or  nearly  twice  as  long  as 
the  pronotum. 

d-.  Tegmina  and  wings  abbreviate,  much  shorter  than  the  body. 

6.  breripennis  (p.  63). 
(1-.  Tegmina  and  wings  distinctly  surpassing  the  abdomen,  or  sometimes  in  the 

female  only  equaling  it 7.  pratensis  (p.  64). 

A2.  Pronotum  tectiform;  both  prozona  and  metazona,  both  on  dorsum  and  lateral 
lobes,  equally  and  distinctly  rugulose 8.  speciosns  (p.  66). 

i.  HESPEROTETTIX  VIRIDIS. 

(Plate  IV,  fig.  8.) 

Caloptenus  viridis  THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p.  450,  pi. 

n,  tig.  3.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  n,  fig.  3. 
Ommaiolampis  viridis  THOMAS  (pars),  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p. 

156;?  Rep.  Geol.  Geogr.  Surv.  100th  mer.,  V  (1875),  p.  892.— BRUNER,  Can. 

Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144. 
Hespcrotettix  viridis  UHLER  (pars),  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.   Surv.  Terr.,  Ill  (1877),  p. 

795.—?  THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1878  (1878),  p.  1845.— BRUXER  (pars), 

Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comin.,  Ill    (1883),   p.  59;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885), 

p.  137.—  ?  COQUILLETT,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  295,  297.— BRUXER, 

Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  26. 

Pezoteltix  viridis  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  14. 
Hesperotettix  montanns  BRUXER!,  MS. 

Head  varying  from  olivaceous  to  ochraceous,  sparsely  and  rather 
coarsely  punctate  with  fuscous,  the  costae,  front,  and  inferior  margins 
of  the  genae  more  or  less  pallid,  an  infraocular  black  bar  and  infra- 
antennal  black  band,  the  clypeal  incisures  black ;  fastigium  more  or  less 
infuscated  or  blackish,  and  the  vertex  with  a  longitudinal  black  stripe, 
broadening  posteriorly  and  there  sometimes  inclosing  a  pallid  thread; 
sides  of  the  head  behind  the  eye  more  or  less  streaked  longitudinally 
with  blackish;  antennae  warm  testaceous,  with  a  greenish  tinge  near 
base.  Pronotum  of  the  same  ground  color  as  the  head,  but  the  dorsum 
often  with  more  or  less  of  a  testaceous  or  subferruginous  tint,  the  sulci 
narrowly  marked  in  black,  a  moderately  broad  mediodorsal  bright  or 
dull  white  stripe  rather  narrowly  margined,  sometimes  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  metazona,  with  black  or  fuscous;  lateral  lobes  much  varie- 
gated on  the  prozona  by  an  irregular  assortment  of  brief,  longitudinal, 
black,  rarely  dark-green  bars,  sometimes  more  or  less  connected  to  form 
a  gently  oblique  moderately  broad  belt.  Pleura  and  tegraina  as  in 
H.festivus,  and  the  femora  similar,  but  the  hind  femora  almost  always 
furnished  with  a  moderately  broad  pregenicular  salmon  colored  com- 
plete annulation;  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  as  in  H.fcstivus.  Supraanal 


58  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

plate  of  male  triangular  with,  roundly  acute  apex,  about  as  long  as 
broad,  the  margins  straight  and  upturned,  leaving  between  them  and 
the  basal  U-shaped  elevated  ridge  a  broad  deep  sulcus,  on  which  is 
further  impressed  a  slight  median  longitudinal  sulcus  from  the  extrem- 
ity of  the  basal  ridge;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  subtriau- 
gular  projections  overlying  the  two  bases  of  the  basal  ridge;  cerci  sim- 
ple, subconical,  scarcely  so  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  tapering  but 
little  and  that  wholly  in  the  basal  half,  the  apex  rather  blunt,  rounded, 
gently  incurved;  infracercal  plates  inconspicuous,  shorter  than  the 
supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.4 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  13.3  mm.,  female,  19.2  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male.  9.75  mm.,  female,  14.75  mm. 

Twenty-four  males,  40  females.  Sidney,  Cheyenne  County,  Nebraska, 
August,  L.  Brunei* ;  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet,  Septem- 
ber 1;  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison  (S.  Henshaw;  U.S.N.M.— Riley 
collection);  Custer  County,  Colorado,  Cockerell  (U.S.N.M.);  Plains  of 
southern  Colorado,  July  25,  F.  H.  Snow  (University  of  Kansas) ;  Chaves, 
New  Mexico,  September  6;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll;  San  Antonio,  Bexar 
County,  Texas  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Carrizo  Springs,  Dimmit 
County,  Texas,  A.  Wadgymar,  June  (L.  Bruner);  Fort  Grant,  Graham 
County,  Arizona  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Tighes,  San  Diego 
County,  California,  Palmer;  Siskiyou  County,  California  (U.S.N.M.); 
Montague,  Siskiyou  County,  California  (L.  Bruner). 

The  species  was  originally  described  from  Colorado,  Wyoming,  and 
Kansas,  and  has  since  been  reported  from  [New  Jersey]  (Uhler),  [Min- 
nesota] and  Iowa  (Bruner),  Nebraska  (Thomas,  Bruuer),  Kansas  and 
Colorado  (Bruner),  Beaver  Brook  and  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Arkan- 
sas (Uhler);  Texas  [and  Mexico]  (Uhler);  [Utah]  (Bruner),  and  San 
Joaquin  Valley,  California  (Coquillet).  Localities  which  are  in  doubt 
or  in  error  are  placed  in  brackets. 

This  species  closely  resembles  H.  festivus,  but  while  generally  of  a 
little  larger  size  is  distinguished  from  it  by  the  black-marked  sulci  of 
the  pronoturn,  the  generally  but  not  invariably  greater  irregularity  of 
the  markings  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum,  the  red  aimulation 
of  the  hind  femora  (though  this  will  probably  be  found  in  some  individ- 
uals of  H.festimis)  and  the  ground  color  of  the  head  and  pronotum,  as 
well  as  in  slight  differences  in  the  abdominal  appendages  of  the  male. 
The  eyes  are  slightly  more  elongate  in  H.  festivus  than  in  the  present 
species,  at  least  in  the  female. 

It  is  wholly  uncertain  to  what  species  belongs  the  reference  by 
Thomas1  to  an  insect  with  tegmina  only  one-third  the  length  of  the 
abdomen,  taken  in  northern  New  Mexico  or  Colorado.  I  have  placed 
it  here  with  a  query. 

I  possess  a  couple  of  females,  collected  by  II.  Rid g way  in  Ruby 


'Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1878,  1845. 


»o.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXorU-SCrDDEK.  59 


Valley,  Nevada,  but  preserved  after  long  immersion  in  spirits,  which, 
until  fresh  specimens  are  obtained  for  study,  I  regard  as  belonging  to 
this  species.  They  are,  however,  remarkable  for  the  brevity  of  the 
tcginina,  which  are  only  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  and  the  species  has 
not  been  otherwise  recorded  from  this  region.  They  seem  to  represent 
a  short-winged  form  of  this  species,  their  tegmina  overlapping  like  the 
normal  form  and  not  lobate,  as  in  the  strictly  brachypterous  species  of 
this  genus. 

2.  HESPEROTETTIX  MERIDIONALIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  IV,  fig.  9.) 

This  species  differs  but  little  from  H.  festivu-s,  but  has  even  more 
strikingly  contrasted  colors,  the  green  of  which  is  deeper  and  of  a 
bluer  tint  and  the  femora  are  stouter.  The  face  is  yellow  with  a  slight 
greenish  tint,  coarsely  and  distinctly  punctate  with  blackish  brown; 
the  intercostal  interspace  below  the  antennae  is  heavily  infuscated 
and  the  usual  short  bar  below  the  eyes  is  present;  vertex  yellow,  the 
fastigiuin  heavily  infuscated  and  behind  it  a  widening  blackish  stripe, 
posteriorly  inclosing  a  median  yellow  thread;  antennae  fuscous,  the 
joints  feebly  and  narrowly  annulate  with  pale  ferruginous.  Pronotum 
yellow,  more  or  less  olivaceous,  and  011  the  inetazona  often  heavily  suf- 
fused with  bright  ferruginous,  all  the  transverse  sulci  and  particularly 
that  close  to  the  front  margin  heavily  marked  in  black,  which  cuts  the 
heavy  black-bordered  mediodorsal  yellow  stripe;  upper  portion  of  the 
lateral  lobes  more  or  less  heavily  marked  with  black  on  the  prozona; 
pleural  sutures  heavily  marked  in  black.  Tegmina  of  about  the  length 
of  the  abdomen,  bluish  green,  the  discoidal  and  posterior  ulnar  veins 
with  a  narrow  pallid  yellow  stripe.  Fore  and  middle  femora  dull  ferru- 
ginous; hind  femora  with  the  outer  face  dull  greenish  luteous,  the 
superior  carina  heavily  necked  and  punctate  with  fuscous,  and  a  faint, 
broad,  dull  coral  red,  pregenicular  annulation;  hind  tibiae  greenish 
blue,  the  spines  white  with  black  tips,  the  tarsi  more  or  less  testaceous. 
Supraanal  plate  of  male  much  as  in  H.  festivus,  the  furcula  consisting 
of  a  pair  of  minute  but  boldly  projecting  rounded  lobes,  separated  by 
twice  their  own  width;  cerci  slightly  compressed,  subconical,  tapering 
much  more  rapidly  in  the  proximal  than  in  the  distal  half,  the  latter 
being  nearly  equal,  the  tip  rounded  but  slightly  produced  and  gently 
incurved,  the  whole  scarcely  so  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal 
plates  inconspicuous,  apically  tapering,  almost  as  long  as  the  supraanal 
plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  26  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  8  rnin., 
female,  7.75  mm. ;  tegmiua,  male,  15.5  mm.,  female,  20  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  12  mm.,  female,  15.7  mm. 

One  male,  2  females.  Guanajuato,  Mexico,  A.  Duges  (U  S.N.M.  [No. 
707]);  Sierra  Xola,  Tamaulipas,  Mexico,  December  2-0,  E.  Palmer. 

There  is  also  a  male  from  Mexico  in  the  Museum  of  Comparative 


60  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Zoology  which  may  belong  here  (as  the  cerci  indicate),  but  the  tegmina 
are  longer  than  in  the  specimens  described  above  and  the  whole  appear- 
ance and  the  proportions  are  those  of  H.festirus. 

Besides  the  colorational  features  which  distinguish  this  species  from 
H.  viridis,  the  body  is  relatively  stouter,  the  antennae  coarser  and 
shorter  in  proportion  to  the  prouotum,  the  latter  is  more  acutely  angu- 
late  behind  (though  the  difference  is  but  slight),  the  hind  femora  are 
shorter  and  stouter,  and  the  tegmina  and  wings  relatively  shorter. 

3.  HESPEROTETTIX  FESTIVUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  IV,  fig.  10.) 

Hesperotettix  viridis  SCUDDER!,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1876),  p.  262.— 
THOMAS,  Proc.  Dav.  Acad.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.  262.— SCUDDER!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut. 
Coram.,  II  (1881),  App.,  p.  24.— BRUNEH  (pars),  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Face  varying  from  green-yellow  to  pallid  yellow,  more  or  less  deeply 
infuscated  in  the  intercostal  space  below  the  antennae,  the  frontal  costa 
sulcate  throughout  excepting  above,  and  faintly  and  distantly  punctate 
with  fuscous  on  the  margins;  genae  pallid  or  greenish  pallid  except  for 
a  short,  slender,  oblique,  blackish  stripe  below  the  eye.  Summit  of 
head  and  dorsum  of  pronotum  buff,  greenish  buff",  rarely  green,  or  oliva- 
ceous, with  a  median,  black-margined,  white  or  pallid  stripe,  the  stripe 
reduced  to  a  thread  on  the  head,  the  black  edging  remaining;  on  the 
sides,  above  the  middle,  is  a  more  or  less  irregular  black  stripe,  more 
interrupted  or  broken  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  extending  from 
behind  the  eyes,  where  it  is  reduced  to  parallel  longitudinal  streaks,  to 
the  hinder  edge  of  the  prozona,  bordered  broadly  below  and  above  with 
pallid,  above  forming  a  stripe  which  begins  narrowly  along  the  upper 
edge  of  the  eyes  and  continues  also  across  the  metazona,  occupying 
the  position  of  lateral  carinae;  excepting  for  stripes  at  the  median 
and  lateral  carinae,  the  metazona  is  uniformly  buff  or  rarely  green 
and  is  very  shallowly  punctate ;  both  meso-  and  metapleura  with  an 
oblique,  fusiform,  pallid  stripe,  margined  more  broadly  in  some  places 
than  in  others  with  black.  Tegmina  of  about  the  length  of  the  abdo- 
men, rather  dark  bluish  green,  the  anal  area  more  or  less  deeply  tinged 
with  buff,  the  discoidal  and  posterior  ulnar  veins  white,  the  veinlets 
impinging  on  the  apical  margin  distinctly  blackish.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  buff,  inclining  to  ferruginous;  hind  femora  buff,  but  purplish  on 
the  outer  face  and  more  or  less  iufuscated,  the  geniculation  with  a 
blackish  crescent  on  the  outer  and  inner  sides;  hind  tibiae  bluish  green, 
becoming  more  or  less  pallid  or  testaceous  distally,  the  spines  white 
with  black  tips,  the  tarsi  testaceous  or  greenish  testaceous.  Snpraanal 
plate  of  male  triangular,  of  about  equal  length  and  breadth,  broadly 
rounded  apically,  with  straight  and  slightly  upturned  margins,  the  sur- 
face with  a  pair  of  converging  stout  elevated  ridges,  forming  a  basal 
triangular  pit  between  them,  and  in  the  distal  half  of  the  plate  beyond 
the  united  ridges  a  slight  median  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 


xo.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLT—  SCUDDER.  61 

of  minute  rounded  lobes,  separated  by  about  their  own  width;  cerci 
simple,  subeouical,  tapering  a  very  little,  more  rapidly  in  the  proximal 
than  in  distal  half,  subacutely  pointed,  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate 
and  feebly  incurved;  infracercal  plates  not  very  broad,  as  long  as  the 
supraanal  plate,  completely  concealed  by  the  recumbent  cerci. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15.5  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm. ;  antennae,  male, 
female,  7  mm..;  tegmina,  male,  12  mm.,  female.  13  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  0.1  mm.,  female,  11  mm. 

Sixty-six  males,  58  females.  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah,  4,300  feet,  July 
20,  August  1-4  (S.  H.  Scudder;  U.S.X.M.  [No.  70S]);  American  Fork 
Canon,  Utah,  9,500  feet,  August  2-3 ;  Provo, Utah,  August 23-24 ;  Spring- 
Lake  Villa,  Utah  County,  Utah,  August  1-4,  E.  Palmer;  Los  Angeles 
County,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  708].— Riley  collection). 

The  species  has  previously  been  reported  (under  another  name)  from 
Lake  Point,  Salt  Lake  and  Salt  Lake  Valley  (Scudder),  Mount  Nebo 
and  Spring  Lake,  Utah  (Thomas),  and  Utah  (Bruner). 

The  contrasts  of  colorings  in  this  species  render  it  a  more  variegated 
insect  than  any  of  the  other  species  of  the  genus,  particularly  when  the 
buft'  colors  are  deepest  and  bring  out  the  black  and  white  with  greatest 
vividness. 

4.  HESPEROTETTIX  PACIFICUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  V,  fig.  1.) 

Hesperotettix  pacificus  BRUNER!,  MS.— KOEBELE!,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  XXII  (1890),  p.  94.— undescribed. 

Body  feebly  but  not  briefly  pilose;  general  color  dark  brownish  tes- 
taceous, frequently  tinged  more  or  less  with  olivaceous.  Head  sparsely 
punctate,  with  a  variable  broad  black  bar  below  the  eyes,  sometimes 
reduced  to  a  V-shaped  spot  and  in  greener  specimens  dark  olivaceous; 
a  similar  broad  dark  stripe  behind  the  eyes,  and  the  summit  generally 
with  a  mediodorsal  black  stripe,  sometimes  having  a  median  light  thread 
through  it;  fastigium  generally  sulcate,  sometimes  reduced  to  a  pit  in 
front  of  the  eyes;  frontal  costa  equal,  about  as  wide  as  the  space 
between  the  eyes,  more  or  less  feebly  sulcate;  antennae  testaceous, 
generally  darker  apically  and  sometimes  pallid  basally,  about  as  long 
as  (female)  or  much  longer  than  (male)  the  head  and  pronotum  together. 
Pronotum  scarcely  enlarged  from  in  front  backward,  rounded  tectiforin, 
with  the  bluntest  possible  median  carina,  the  prozona  smooth  or  very 
feebly  and  sparsely  punctate,  the  metazona  about  two-thirds  as  long 
as  the  prozona  and  punctate,  the  hind  margin  very  obtusely  angulate, 
the  angle  broadly  rounded;  there  is  a  slender  pallid  or  testaceous 
median  stripe,  more  distinct  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  metazona,  on 
the  former  and  occasionally  on  the  latter  margined,  generally  narrowly, 
with  black;  on  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozoua  is  a 
broad  black  band,  often  obscure  and  on  greenish  specimens  sometimes 
obsolete,  and  where  most  pronounced  bordered  broadly  below  and  nar- 


62  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


rowly  above  with  white.  Tegmina  uniform  greenish  fuscous,  short 
ovate,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  shorter  than,  sometimes  hardly 
more  than  half  as  long  as,  the  pronotum.  Hind  femora  dark  testaceous 
with  the  outer  face  light  testaceous,  its  distal  third  blackish  and  a 
premedian  augulate  blackish  bar  (on  greenish  specimens  almost  wholly 
green,  enlivened  on  upper  surface  with  a  ruddy  tint)  5  hind  tibiae  fusco- 
glaucous  or  glaucous,  the  spines  black  tipped.  Supraanal  plate  of 
male  triangular,  the  sides  feebly  and  angularly  emarginate,  the 
apex  acute,  with  a  basal  median  sulcns  of  similar  shape  not  reaching 
the  middle,  the  interspaces  on  either  side  very  shallowly,  broadly  and 
roundly  sulcate,  and  a  slender  tolerably  deep  median  sulcus  apical  ly; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slightly  projecting,  subattiugeut,  rounded 
lobes ;  cerci  slender,  tapering  gently  in  basal  half,  beyond  equal  or  very 
feebly  expanded,  the  tip  rounded  but  slightly  produced,  the  apical  half 
feebly  incurved;  apical  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  feeble,  blunt,  seen 
from  behind  broadly  rounded. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  3.5  mm.,  female,  4  mm.:  hind 
femora,  male,  12  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm. 

Two  males,  8  females.  Los  Angeles,  California,  October  27,  Ooquillett 
(U.S.N.M.  [No.  709.]— Kiley  collection);  Los  Angeles, California, Koebele 
(L.  Bruner);  San  Buenaventura,  California  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  709.]— Riley 
collection).  Koebele  reports  it  from  the  Shasta  district  in  northern 
California. 

The  abdomen,  which  is  carinate,  sometimes  has  the  carina  distinctly 
lighter  than  the  body. 

This  species  most  resembles  H.  festivus  of  the  longer  winged  forms, 
but  is  very  different  from  it. 

5.  HESPEROTETTIX  CURTIPENNIS,  new  species. 

Hesperotettix  curlipennis  BKUNER!,  MS. 

Body  feebly  and  rather  briefly  pilose;  general  color  green  with  an 
olivaceous  tinge.  Head  with  a  yellow  front  margin  to  the  genae,  bor- 
dered posteriorly  with  a  short  dark  greenish  or  bluish  green  bar  below 
the  eyes;  behind  the  eyes  is  a  broad  dark  green  stripe  (not  so  dark  as 
the  bar)  margined  with  yellow,  the  inner  margin  passing  along  the 
upper  edge  of  the  eye;  summit  sometimes  with  a  dark  green  median 
stripe;  fastigium  with  a  slight  pit  between  the  eyes  and  more  or  less 
sulcate  on  the  expanded  portion  in  front;  frontal  costa  of  somewhat 
irregular  breadth,  but  about  as  wide  as  the  interval  between  the  eyes, 
distinctly  sulcate;  antennae  testaceous,  about  as  long  as  head  and 
pronotum  together  in  the  female.  Prouotum  rounded  tectiform,  scarcely 
enlarging  from  in  front  backwards,  the  carina  and  carinal  markings  as 
in  H.  pacificus,  the  lateral  lobes  similarly  marked,  with  a  broad,  yellow- 
bordered,  blackish  green  bar  crossing  the  prozona,  its  lower  margin 
slightly  oblique;  hind  margin  broadly  rounded,  scarcely  augulate,  the 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCFDDER.  63 


prozoua  plainly  though  feebly,  sparsely  and  rather  coarsely  punctate, 
the  metazona  closely  punctate.  Tegmina  rather  long  ovate,  nearly 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  and  scarcely  shorter  than  or  at  least  three- 
quarters  as  long  as  the  pronotuin,  green.  Hind  femora  green,  the 
outer  half  of  the  upper  surface  ruddy,  the  under  surface  and  the 
oarina  beneath  the  outer  fiertl  luteous;  hind  tibiae  green,  the  spines 
pale  green  with  black  tips.  Abdomen  green,  becoming  darker  above, 
the  carina  marked  heavily  with  yellow  and  margined  with  blackish 
green. 

Length  of  body,  female,  23  mm. ;  antennae,  7.75  mm. ;  tegmina,  6  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  12.5  mm. 

Two  females.     Colorado,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  710];  L.  Bruner). 

Of  the  long-winged  forms,  this  species  most  resembles  H.  festivus, 
but  is  easily  distinguished  from  it,  apart  from  the  great  difference  in 
the  tegmina. 

6.  HESPEROTETTIX  BREVIPENNIS. 
(Plate  V,  fig.  2.) 

Ommatolampis  breripennis  THOMAS!,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  I,  No.  2  (1874), 

1st  Ser.,  p.  67. 
HesperotetUx  riridis  UHLER  (pars),  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  Ill  (1877),  p.  795. — 

MORSE!,  Psyche,  VI  (1892),  p.  262;  VII  (1894),  p.  106. 

Head  pea  green,  fusco-puuctate  in  front,  with  a  short  blackish  stripe 
below  the  eyes,  behind  the  pallid  callosity;  streaks  of  dark  green  pass 
backward  from  the  eye,  and  the  vertex  has  a  slender,  mediodorsal  fus- 
cous stripe,  narrowing  anteriorly  and  ending  at  the  base  of  the  fastig- 
iuin  in  a  round  blackish  spot;  antennae  pale  ferruginous,  slightly 
iufuscated  apically.  Pronotum  shaped  as  in  H.  pratensis,  pea  green, 
with  a  moderately  broad,  bright  ferruginous,  obscurely  fuscous,  mar- 
gined, mediodorsal  stripe,  generally  broader  in  the  female  than  in  the 
male;  and  above  the  middle  of  the  lateral  lobes,  but  not  reaching  the 
front  margin  nor  passing  beyond  the  prozoua,  a  blackish  fuscous  bar, 
sharply  delimited  below,  fading  out  above,  bordered  beneath  and  some- 
times interrupted  posteriorly  above  with  pallid ;  sides  of  the  body  green 
except  that  the  metapleura  have  an  oblique  pallid  stripe,  bordered  on 
the  upper  posterior  and  lower  anterior  sides  with  black.  Tegmina  con- 
siderably shorter  than  the  abdomen  in  both  sexes,  but  particularly  in 
the  female,  the  anal  area  and  a  little  more  than  that  ferruginous,  its  upper 
limit  sometimes  infuscated,  the  remainder  pea  green.  Femora  almost 
precisely  as  in  H. pratensis;  hind  tibiae  varying  from  pea  green  to  pale 
bluish  green,  the  spines  pale  on  basal,  black  on  apical  half;  hind  tarsi 
coucolorous  with  tibiae  or  sometimes  a  little  yellower.  Supraaual  plate 
of  male  triangular,  with  straight  sides  and  rounded  subacute  apex, 
about  as  long  as  broad,  with  a  broad  and  rather  high  tectate  ridge 
parallel  to  the  margins,  inclosing  a  deep,  basally  broad,  triangular  sul- 
cus;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slightly  projecting,  moderate  sized, 


64  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


rounded  lobes,  separated  by  half  their  own  diameter ;  cerci  a  little 
shorter  than  the  supraaual  plate,  simple,  conical,  but  slightly  more 
rapidly  tapering  on  basal  than  on  apical  half,  bluntly  acuminate;  infra- 
cereal  plates  broad  triangular,  scarcely  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate, 
slightly  ridged  on  its  margins;  last  dorsal  segment  deeply  emargimite, 
so  as  to  be  less  than  half  as  broad  in  the  middle  as  at  the  sides. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  2±  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.25 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  10.25  rum.,  female,  10  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm. 

Ten  males,  10  females.  Wellesley,  Norfolk  County,  Massachusetts, 
July  IG-August  1  (A.  P.  Morse);  New  Jersey  (U.S.N.M.  [Xo.  711]); 
Georgia,  Morrison . 

This  species  has  been  previously  recorded  only  from  New  Jersey 
(Thomas,  Uhler),  where  Uhler  says  it  is  "not  uncommon  in  the  cran- 
berry fields  of  Atlantic  County;77  and  from  Wellesley,  Massachusetts, 
by  Morse,  who  tells  me  that  his  specimens  were  taken  in  a  very 
restricted  locality,  "a  steep  gravelly  hillside,  forming  the  terminal  por- 
tion of  a  part  of  the  gravel-plain  formation  of  Wellesley,"  where  they 
were  captured  u  by  sweeping  vigorously  the  short-tufted  growth  of 
bunch  grass,  Andropogon  scoparius,  which  with  other  wild  grasses  and 
running  blackberry  vines  sparsely  clothed  the  gravelly  soil."  All  his 
specimens  were  taken  between  mid  July  and  mid  August.  Since  writ- 
ing me  this,  Mr.  Morse  has  found  another  locality  near  the  previous, 
where  on  July  10  he  took  both  sexes  mature  and  nymphs ;  the  surround- 
ings were  similar. 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  H.  pratensis,  but  differs  from  it 
in  its  shorter  tegmina  and  wings,  the  more  regularly  conical  cerci  of 
the  male,  the  slightly  different  form  of  the  supraaual  plate  and  the 
markings ;  it  is  also  of  a  smaller  size. 

7.  HESPEROTETTIX  PRATENSIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  V,  fig.  3.) 

Ommatolampis  riridls  THOMAS  (pars),  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  156. 
Hespero.ettlx  riridis  UHLER  (pars),  Bull.   U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  Ill  (1877),  p. 

795.— BRUNER  (pars),  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coirira.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Rep.  U.  S. 

Ent.,  1885  (1886)  p.  307. 

Head  yellowish  green,  sparsely  punctate  with  fuscous  in  front,  the 
lower  portion  of  the  face  more  or  less  obscured  with  purplish,  a  short 
fuscous  stripe  depending  from  the  eye,  in  front  of  which  the  callosity  is 
livid;  vertex  with  a  more  or  less  distinct,  rather  narrow,  fuscous  or 
blackish  stripe,  narrowing  anteriorly,  and  ordinarily  with  a  median 
thread  of  yellow,  the  fastigium  generally  discolored,  sometimes  and 
especially  in  the  female  reddish.  Pronotum  scarcely  (male)  or  slightly 
(female)  increasing  in  breadth  from  in  front  backward,  equally  through- 
out and  with  no  angle  in  the  middle,  yellowish  green,  occasionally, 
especially  in  Southern  examples  and  apparently  in  the  female  only, 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLl—SCUDDEK.  G5 

with  a  pallid  line  along  the  position  of  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  prozona, 
extending  also  across  the  head  where  it  follows  the  upper  hinder  mar- 
gin of  the  eyes;  above  the  middle  of  the  lateral  lobes,  on  the  prozona, 
is  a  more  or  less  distinct  and  irregular  fuscous  bar,  generally  darkest 
below,  including  on  the  hinder  section  a  whitish  dash  in  its  upper  part, 
and  sometimes  more  or  less  margined  with  pallid,  especially  below; 
there  is  usually  present,  sometimes  conspicuously,  a  narrower  or  broader 
mediodorsal  stripe,  sometimes  pale  yellow  or  pale  yellow  margined  more 
or  loss  broadly,  and  generally  more  broadly  behind  than  in  front,  with 
reddish  pink  or  fuscous,  at  other  times,  and  especially  in  the  female 
where  it  is  at  least  generally  broader,  wholly  reddish  pink  more  or  less 
infnscated.  Tegmina  of  about  the  length  of  the  abdomen  in  both  sexes, 
green  or  yellowish  green,  the  anal  area  and  often  a  little  more  than  that 
sometimes  reddish  pink,  especially  in  the  female.  Legs  green,  the  fore 
and  middle  femora  more  or  less  plainly  annulate  with  coral  red  before 
the  gcniculatiou,  and  occasionally  with  a  line  of  red  above  the  upper 
margin  of  the  outer  face,  the  geniculation  with  a  fuscous  crescent  both 
on  the  outer  and  inner  side;  hind  tibiae  pale  bluish  green,  becoming 
more  or  less  yellowish  apically,  the  spines  pallid  on  tbeir  basal,  blackish 
brown  on  their  apical  half;  hind  tarsi  pale  green,  more  or  less  yellow- 
is]^,  especially  at  the  apices  of  the  joints.  Supraanal  plate  of  female 
triangular,  subacutely  but  bluntly  angulate,  of  about  equal  length  and 
breadth,  the  margins  nearly  straight,  the  middle  of  either  half  with  a 
rather  broad  moderately  elevated  ridge,  the  two  converging  beyond  the 
middle  of  the  plate  and  inclosing  a  deep  basal  sulcus;  furcula  consist- 
ing of  a  pair  of  minute  rounded  lobes,  nearly  twice  as  distant  as  their 
width;  cerci  considerably  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate,  simple,  reg- 
uh.rly  conical  on  basal  half,  the  apical  half  subequal,  bluntly  pointed, 
very  feebly  dowucurved ;  infracercal  plates  almost  as  long  as  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  inconspicuous;  last  dorsal  segment  broadly  rounded  and 
rather  deeply  emargiuate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  30  rum.;  antennae,  male, 
8.25  mm.,  female,  10.25  mm.;  tegoriua,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  20  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  11.0  mm.,  female,  17.5  mm. 

Forty  males,  G8  females.  Red  River  of  the  North  [Minnesota  or  Mani- 
toba], Uhler;  southern  Illinois,  Kennicott;  Crawford  County,  Iowa, 
July  13-24,  J.  A.  Allen;  Denison,  Crawford  County,  Iowa,  July  20, 
J.  A.  Allen;  Jefferson,  Greene  County,  Iowa,  July  20-24,  J.  A.  Allen; 
Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August,  J.  A.  Allen;  Valentine,  Cherry  County, 
Nebraska,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]) ;  Fort  Robinson,  Dawes  County, 
Nebraska,  August  22,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]);  Chadron,  Dawes 
County,  Nebraska,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]);  Nebraska,  Dodge, 
llayden ;  West  Point,  Cuming  County,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruuer) ;  Bismarck, 
North  Dakota,  July  23,  G.  W.  Sweet  ( U.S.N.M.  [No.  712] )  •  Wyoming,  Mor- 
rison (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]) ;  Fort  McKinney,  Johnson  County,  Wyoming, 
July  26  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]);  Fort  Benton,  Choteau  County,  Montana, 
Proc.  N".  M.  vol.  xx 5 


66  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


July  20  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]);  Brown's,  Colville  Valley,  eastern  Wash- 
ington, July  24  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  La  Chappies,  Yakima 
Biver,  Washington,  July  16  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Umatilla, 
Oregon,  June  24  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Los  Angeles,  Cali- 
fornia, Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  712]);  San  Diego,  California,  Blaisdell 
(L.  Bruner) ;  Tighes,  San  Diego  County,  California,  E.  Palmer ;  American 
Fork  Canyon,  Utah,  9,500  feet,  August  23;  Monument  Park,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado,  July  19  (U.S.N.M.  [Xo.  712]);  Manitou,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado,  August  24-25;  Beaver  Brook,  Jefferson  County, 
Colorado,  P.  E,  Uhler ;  Colorado,  8,000  feet,  Morrison ;  latitude  38°,  Lieu- 
tenant Beckwith;  San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas,  (U.S.N.M.  [No. 
712]);  Dallas,  Texas,  July  18,  Boll;  Pecos  River,  Texas,  Captain  Pope; 
Orizaba,  Mexico,  January  (L.  Bruner).  Nearly  all  the  specimens  from 
the  National  Museum  are  from  the  Kiley  collection. 

Dr.  J.  A.  Allen  found  the  insect  in  Iowa  only  in  dry  prairies  on  the 
grass,  excepting  that  the  least-marked  specimens  occurred  in  groves, 
and  there  only. 

Occasionally  a  specimen,  and  especially  a  female,  is  found  in  which 
there  is  no  trace  of  ferruginous  on  the  tegmina,  which  are  then  green 
with  a  pallid  stripe  along  the  dividing  line  between  the  discoidal  and 
anal  areas,  reminding  one  of  H.  riridis  or  H.festivus.  * 

The  specimen  above  referred  to  from  Orizaba,  a  female,  differs 
slightly  in  its  somewhat  abbreviated  tegmina,  and  the  mottled  mark- 
ings of  pallid  yellow  and  green  upon  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prono- 
tum;  it  possibly  indicates  another  species. 

8.  HESPEROTETTIX    SPECIOSUS. 

(Plate  V,  fig.  4.) 

Pezotettix  speciosus  SCUDDER!,  Final  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Nebr.  (1871),  p.  250. — 
GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Ortk.,  pi.  xvn,  fig.  4  (1874).— THOMAS,  Bull.  U.  S. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  IV  (1878),  p.  484.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— 
STAL,  Bill.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V  (1878),  No.  9,  p.  14. 

Acridium  frontalis  THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p.  448, 
pi.  u,  fig.  1.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  xr,  fig.  1.— THOMAS, 
Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  169.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut. 
Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  58;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885).  p.  135;  Bull.  Div.  Ent. 
U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XIII  (1887),  p.  11.— OSBORN,  Ins.  Life,  IV,  p.  51  (1891) ;  Rep. 
Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXII  (1891),  p. -70;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII 
(1892),  p.  59.— BRUNER,  Ibid,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  12-13,  fig.  3;  P.ubl.  Nebr. 
Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  26. 

Hypocldora  speciosa  BHUNNER,  Rev.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  145. 

Grass  green.  Head  without  markings,  except  that  sometimes  the 
lateral  margins  of  the  frontal  costa,  especially  its  upper  portion,  and 
the  apex  of  the  fastigium  are  tinged  or  flecked  with  roseate,  also  occa- 
sionally seen  on  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  face;  vertex  more  or  less 
rugulose;  eyes  moderately  distant,  especially  in  the  female,  the  frontal 
costa  slightly  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal, 
sulcate,  the  tip  of  the  fastigium  also  impressed;  antennae  pale  pink, 


NO.  1124. 


/;/•;/  isio ^•  or  TIIK  MELAXOTLI—SCUDDER.  67 


pallid  at  base,  slightly  darker  and  sometimes  infuscated  at  tip,  nearly 
as  long  as  (female)  or  much  longer  than  (male)  head  and  pronotum 
together.  Prouotum  tectilbrin  with  a  feeble  blunt  and  equal  median 
cariua,  which  is  often  but  not  always,  sometimes  conspicuously,  pink 
roseate;  prozoua  much  longer  than,  in  the  male  half  as  long  again  as, 
the  metazona,  rugulose,  the  raised  portions  generally  more  or  less 
yellowish  and  having  often  a  transverse,  never  a  longitudinal  trend; 
the  metazona  equally  rugulose,  but  with  a  distinct  longitudinal  trend 
to  the  raised  portions;  hind  margin  obscurely  and  obtusely  angulate. 
Tegmina  green  or  yellowish  green,  the  longitudinal  veins  being  yellow 
and  the  ground  green ;  they  taper  to  a  roundly  acuminate  tip  and  are  of 
variable  length  in  both  sexes,  but  always  considerably  longer  than  the 
pronotum,  in  the  male  usually  about  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  abdo- 
men, in  the  female  generally  varying  from  two-thirds  as  long  as  to  quite 
or  nearly  as  long  as  the  abdomen;  wings  pellucid  green,  with  green 
veins.  Hind  femora  green,  the  outer  half  of  the  upper  surface  below 
the  carina  often  roseate,  and  the  inner  surface  generally  pale  yellow;  a 
faint  sign  of  a  pregenicular  roseate  auuulation  often  appears ;  hind  tibiae 
green,  the  spines  pallid  or  yellowish  green  with  black  tips.  Supraanal 
plate  of  male  triangular,  with  slightly  sinuate  sides,  the  apex  some- 
times acute,  sometimes  rounded,  with  a  rather  broad  and  deep  median 
sulcus  in  the  basal  half,  bounded  by  a  rather  high  and  acute  ridge  on 
either  side,  between  which  and  the  margin  is  a  rather  deep  and  very 
broad  valley;  a  slight  median  sulcus  appears  in  the  apical  half;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  little  protruding,  triangular  lobes; 
cerci  delicate  and  slender,  tapering  gently  and  more  on  basal  than  on 
apical  half,  though  sometimes  the  apical  half  is  nearly  equal,  bluntly 
acuminate  at  tip  and  with  the  outer  half  distinctly  incurved;  apical 
tubercle  prominent,  conical,  more  or  less  appressed;  sometimes  slightly 
transverse  as  viewed  from  behind,  and  occasionally  (as  in  the  figure; 
by  accident  in  drying?)  bifid. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22.5  mm.,  female,  34  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  11.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  9  mm.,1  female,  18.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm. 

Twelve  males,  27  females.  Nebraska,  Dodge,  Scudder;  Nebraska 
City  and  banks  of  Platte  liiver,  Nebraska,  Hayden ;  Finney  County, 
Kansas,  September,  H.  W.  Menke  (University  of  Kansas);  Lakin, 
Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet,  July  9,  September  1 ;  Garland,  Cos- 
tilla  County,  Colorado,  8,000  feet,  August  28;  Texas,  Belfrage;  Dallas, 
Texas,  Boll;  San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas  (L.  Bruner);  Fort 
Worth,  Tarrant  County,  Texas,  May  (U.S.N.M.— Kiley  collection); 
Gulf  coast  of  Texas,  Aaron ;  Pecos  River,  Texas,  Captain  Pope. 

Since  writing  this,  Mr.  C.  F.  Baker  has  sent  me  specimens  from  Horse- 
tooth  Mountain,  0,000  feet,  west  of  Fort  Collins,  Colorado. 

The  species  has  also  been  reported  from  Dakota  or  Montana  (Thomas), 

1  The  male  selected  for  measurement  lias  uuusually  short  tegmina. 


68  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Dakota,  Wyoming,  Iowa,  Nebraska  and  Missouri  (Bruner),  Kansas 
(Thomas),  Garden  City,  Kansas  (Bruner,  Osborn),  Barber  and  Shaw- 
nee  counties,  Kansas  (Bruner),  Colorado  or  Northern  New  Mexico 
(Thomas),  Colorado  and  New  Mexico  (Bruner),  and  Washington  (bounty, 
Texas  (Bruner). 

This  species  can  hardly  be  confounded  with  any  other,  though  it 
bears  a  close  general  resemblance  to  Campylacantha  acutipennis,  from 
which  it  is  strongly  separated  by  the  prominence  of  the  base  of  the 
lateral  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  of  the  male.  It  is  dimorphic  in 
wing  length. 

18.  AEOLOPLUS,  new  genus, 
(a/o/lo?,  variegated;  o-rcXov,  armor.) 

Body  relatively  short  and  stout,  considerably  enlarged  at  the  meta- 
thorax,  even  in  the  male.  Head  normal,  the  eyes  moderately  distant, 
not  very  prominent  except  sometimes  in  the  male,  the  summit  well 
arched,  the  fastigiurn  slightly  silicate  between  the  eyes,  the  frontal 
costa  moderately  broad,  subequal,  plane  or  nearly  plane;  antennae 
moderately  stout,  cylindrical,  equal,  slightly  longer  (male)  or  slightly 
shorter  (female)  than  the  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum 
stout,  regularly  increasing  in  size  from  in  front  backward,  the  disk 
gently  convex  transversely,  the  prozona  slightly  and  independently 
tumid,  with  no  or  an  exceedingly  feeble  median  carina,  distinguishing 
it  from  the  flat  carinulate  metazona;  .posterior  margin  of  pronotum 
very  obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  more  or  less  rounded;  prozona  about 
half  as  long  again  as  the  metazona,  generally  slightly  broader  than 
long  or  quadrate.  Prosternal  spine  conical,  erect;  interval  between 
niesosternal  lobes  of  male  about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  often  clepsydra! 
from  the  convexity  of  the  inner  margins  of  the  lobes,  of  female  vary- 
ing from  the  same  to  quadrate,  the  metasternal  lobes  attingent  or  sub- 
attingent  in  the  male,  a  little  distant  in  the  female.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male,  the  hind  femora  relatively 
short  and  stout,  occasionally  furnished  interiorly  in  the  male  with  a 
basal  tooth  protecting  the  calcaria  when  the  tibiae  are  closed  upon  the 
femora.  Tegmina  generally  completely  developed,  but  often  somewhat 
abbreviate,  rarely  lobate.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  with  the  lateral 
margins  very  strongly  ampliate  and  arched  at  the  base,  and  furnished 
with  a  distinct  but  not  very  prominent  subapical  tubercle,  the  apical 
margin  of  the  plate  forming  its  inner  base;  furcula  scarcely  or  not 
apparent;  cerci  tapering,  apically  very  slender,  simple;  terminal  seg- 
ments of  female  abdomen  more  or  less  considerably  abbreviated,  the 
ovipositor  only  partially  exserted. 

Aeoloplus  regalis  may  be  taken  as  the  type. 

This  genus  is  closely  related  to  Hesperotettix,  and  these  two  genera 
are  the  only  ones  in  the  section  of  Melanopli  with  ampliate  base  to  the 
lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate,  in  which  the  abdomen  terini- 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  69 

nates  in  a  tubercle  distinct  from  the  margin  itself,  though  it  is  a  rather 
common  feature  in  the  alternate  section;  accordingly  I  have  arranged 
these  two  genera  in  such  an  order  that  they  directly  follow  those  of  the 
other  section,  and  the  remaining  genera  in  such  sequence  as  that 
arrangement  required.  It  is  composed  of  insects  of  a  much  heavier 
build  than  Hesperotettix,  the  principal  distinctions  between  the  two 
genera  being  given  in  the  table  (page  11). 

The  genus  is  confined  to  the  western  half  of  the  United  States  from 
the  Yellowstone  to  the  Mexican  border,1  but  it  does  not  appear  to  have 
been  found  in  California2  or  farther  east  than  western  Kansas  and 
Nebraska;  it  does  not  reach  the  prairie  region,  and  is  mostly  found 
apparently  at  elevations  not  far  from  3,000  to  6,000  feet  above  the  sea. 

According  to  Bruner,  Acoloplus  turnbullii  and  Acoloplus  chenopodii, 
and  therefore  probably  all  the  members  of  the  genus,  or  at  least  those 
of  the  division  A1  of  the  following  table,  are  similar  in  their  food 
habits,  confining  their  attention  "almost  entirely  to  the  various  species 
of  plants  of  the  botanical  family  Chenopodiaceae,  which  abound  in  the 
regions  where  they  occur,  being  particularly  fond  of  the  grease-wood, 
Sarcobates  vermicular  is" 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  AEOLOPLUS. 

A1.  Pronotum  longitudinally  striped  with  lighter  and  darker  colors;  tegmina  more 
or  less  (excepting  in  Aeoloplns  eletjans),  though  sometimes  feebly,  flecked  with  con- 
trasting colors;  lower  genicular  lobe  of  hind  femora  crossed  by  a  dark  basal  band. 
&1.  Tegmina  at  rest  extending  as  far  as  or  beyond  the  tip  of  the  abdomen,  particu- 
larly in  the  male. 

c1.  Tegmina  relatively  long  and  slender,  in  the  middle  narrower  than  the  pro- 
zona;  wings  elongate,  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad. 
dl.  Smaller  species,  the  males  less  than  15  mm.  long;  tegmina  maculate;  apical 

half  of  male  cerci  very  slender 1.  tenuipennis  (p.  70). 

d-.  Larger  species,  the  males  scarcely  less  than  20  mm.  long;  tegmiua  immacu- 
late ;  apical  half  of  male  cerci  relatively  stout 2.  elegans  (p.  71). 

c2.  Tegmina  relatively  short  and  stout,  in  the  middle  as  broad  as  the  prozona; 
wings  not  elongate,  distinctly  less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad. 

d1.  Tegmina  and  wings  not  or  scarcely  surpassing  the  abdomen  in  either  sex; 
subapical  tubercle  of  male  abdomen  prominent,  about  as  high  as  broad. 

3.  regal ts  (p.  71). 

d-.  Tegmiua  and  wings  much  surpassing  the  abdomen  in  both  sexes ;  subapical 
tubercle  of  male  abdomen  but  slightly  elevated,  less  than  half  as  high  as 

broad 4.  californicits  (p.  73). 

b-.  Tegmiua  at  rest  falling  distinctly,  sometimes  considerably,  short  of  the  tip  of 
the  abdomen. 

c'.  Tegmina  lobiform,  not  so  long  as  pronotum 5.  clienopodii  (p.  74). 

c;.  Tegmina  merely  abbreviate,  about  twice  as  long  as  pronotum. 

d1.  Cerci  of  male  tapering  only  in  the  basal  half,  the  apical  half  slender  and 

equal 6.  turnbuUii  (p.  75). 

d*.  Cerci  of  male  tapering  almost  uniformly  through  the  basal  three- fourths, 
only  the  apical  fourth  equal 7.  plagosus  (p.  76). 

1  And  beyond  it,  for  I  have  females  of  an  undescribed  species  from  San  Louis  Potosi. 

2  Though  Bruner  states  that  a  species  occurs  on  the  "  Pacific  Coast.  " 


70  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

A2.  Pronotum,  tegmina  (usually),  and  lower  genicular  lobe  of  hind  femora  unicol- 
orous,  unstriped. 

61.  Inferior  base  of  hind  femora  of  male  with  no  depending  tooth. 

8.  uniformii  (p.  77). 

62.  Inferior  base  of  hind  femora  of  male  with  a  distinct  depending  tooth. 

cl.  Eyes  of  male  moderately  prominent,  as  seen  from  above  less  than  half  as  high 

as  long 9.  arizonensis  (p.  78). 

e-.  Eyes  of  male  very  prominent,  as  seen  from   above  fully  half  as  high  as 
long 10.  oculatus  (p.  79). 

i.  AEOLOPLUS  TENUIPENNIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  V,  fig.  5.)- 

Head  pallid  fuscous,  flecked  on  the  sides  with  brown  and  with  a 
mediodorsal  blackish  brown  stripe,  which  fills  the  narrow  sulcus  of  the 
fastigiuin  and  passes  backward  much  broadened,  continuing  with  less 
depth  of  color  but  with  equal  width  upon  the  pronotum,  as  far  as  the 
posterior  limit  of  the  prozoua;  a  similar  but  weaker  brown  stripe 
passes  from  behind  the  eye  a  similar  distance,  broader  and  weaker 
upon  the  pronotum;  antennae  pale  salmon  red,  paler  at  base;  frontal 
costa  equal,  as  wide  as  or  slightly  wider  than  the  interval  between  the 
eyes,  feebly  sulcate  below  the  ocellus;  fastigium  narrowly  and  rather 
deeply  sulcate,  the  sul cation  of  equal  width  but  varying  depth. 
Ground  color  of  pronotum  yellowish  brown,  the  posterior  margin  dis- 
tinctly but  obtusely  and  not  sharply  angulate,  the  disk  of  the  prozona 
distinctly  though  but  slightly  transverse,  with  no  median  carina. 
Prosterual  spine  short,  conical,  erect.  Tegmina  considerably  surpass- 
ing the  abdomen,  exceptionally  slender,  with  very  slight  subbasal 
expansion  of  the  costal  area,  subacuininate  apically,  brown,  but  with 
the  larger  distal  portion  pellucid,  flecked  with  brown  by  the  alternately 
deeper  and  lighter  brown  of  the  veins,  the  cross- veins  mostly  white  or 
pellucid;  wings  not  much  shorter  than  the  tegmina,  not  very  broad, 
the  veins  blackish  brown  anteriorly,  brownish  blue  in  the  anal  area. 
Hind  femora  dull  luteous,  the  outer  face  with  three  more  or  less  con- 
fluent, transverse,  blackish  brown  stripes,  indicated  by  transverse  fus- 
cous cloudy  bars  on  the  upper  faces,  the  arc  of  the  geniculation  heavily 
marked  in  black;  hind  tibiae  pink,  becoming  gradually  plumbeous 
distally,  the  spines  pallid  on  the  basal,  black  on  the  apical  half. 
Supraanal  plate  of  male  subtriangular  with  sinuous  sides  and  a  pro- 
duced and  rounded  apex,  the  surface  plane  or  nearly  plane,  but  with 
two  pairs  of  very  slight  longitudinal  ridges,  one  pair  bounding  the 
basal  median  sulcation,  which  narrows  distally  and  terminates  beyond 
the  middle  of  the  plate,  the  other  lateral,  oblique,  and  less  sharp,  prox- 
imally  at  the  lateral  margin,  distally  a  little  removed  from  it  and  ter- 
minating at  a  similar  distance  from  the  base  as  the  other  pair;  furcula 
barely  indicated  by  an  attingent  pair  of  scarcely  projecting  disks; 
cerci  rapidly  tapering  at  base,  nearly  the  entire  distal  three  fifths  sub- 
equal,  slender,  cylindrical,  straight,  blunt-tipped,  surpassing  slightly 
the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subapical  tubercle  of  subgeuital 


NO.  1124. 


or  THE  MEL  AXOPLT—SC  UDDER.  71 


plate  moderately  prominent,  erect,  somewhat  sharply  conical  as  seen 
from  behind. 

Length  of  body,  male,  13.5  mm.;  antennae,  0.5  mm.;  tegmina,  11.25 
mm.:  hind  femora,  8.5  mm. 

One  male.    Fort  Grant,  Graham  County,  Arizona  (  U.S.N.M.  [No.  13]). 

2.     AEOLOPLUS    ELEGANS,  new  species. 
(Plate  V,  fig.  6.) 

Head  pale  greenish  yellow,  the  vertex  deeper  yellow,  with  a  medio- 
dorsal  pale  bluish  green  stripe  from  the  front  of  the  fastigium  back- 
ward; antennae  pale  salmon,  pallid  at  base  and  fnscesceut  at  tip; 
fastigium  broadly  and  very  shallowly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa 
rather  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal,  faintly 
sulcate  below  the  ocellus.  Pronotum  very  pale  testaceous  with  a  slight 
greenish  tinge,  more  pronounced  on  the  metazona,  with  a  very  broad 
pale  bluish  green  mediodorsal  stripe  inclosing  one  of  pale  testaceous, 
and  with  some  greenish  clouds  upon  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona; 
posterior  margin  very  obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  rounded;  prozona 
feebly  transverse  with  no  median  carina.  Prosternal  spine  short,  con- 
ical, erect.  Tegmina  considerably  surpassing  the  abdomen,  exception- 
ally slender  for  the  genus,  with  scarcely  any  subbasal  expansion  of  the 
costal  area,  tapering  very  gradually,  the  apex  well  rounded,  subpel- 
lucid  with  greenish  yellow  veins;  wings  not  much  shorter  than  the 
tegmina,  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  veins  greenish,  faintly  infus- 
cated.  Hind  femora  dull  luteous,  with  three  transverse  fusco-olivaceous 
stripes,  more  or  less  confluent  on  the  outer  face;  hind  tibiae  pale 
glaucous,  the  spines  paler  glaucous  with  black  tips.  Supraanal  plate 
of  male  somewhat  distorted  in  the  only  specimen  seen,  but  apparently 
triangular,  with  slight  median  emargination  of  the  sides  and  a  shallow 
basal  sulcus,  bounded  by  convergent  walls;  furcula  practically  absent; 
cerci  rather  stout,  tapering  on  the  basal  half,  equal  and  hardly  less  than 
half  as  wide  as  the  base  on  the  apical  half,  the  tip  rounded  and  very 
feebly  decurved  ;  subapical  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  rather  promi- 
nent, large,  very  bluntly  conical. 

Length  of  body  (contracted),  male,  18  mm.;  antennae,  9  mm.;  teg- 
mina, 17.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  11  mm. 

One  male.  Las  Cruces,  Donna  Ana  County,  New  Mexico,  August  8, 
T.  D.  A.  Cockerell  (IJ.S.N.M.  [No.  714]). 

3.     AEOLOPLUS  REGALIS. 

(Plate  V,  fig.  7.) 
Caloptenua  regalis  DODGE,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  pp.  11-12.—  BRUXER,  ibid.,  IX 


,  p.  145.—  THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  43.—  BRUXER, 
ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 
Melanoplus  ref/aUs  BRUXER,  Pnbl.  Xebr.  Acatl.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28. 

Head  yellow,  more  or  less  deeply  tinged  with  testaceous,  marked 
with  a  dark  bluish  green  median  stripe  extending  from  the  front  of 


72  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

the  fastigium  to  the  hinder  margin,  broadening  posteriorly  and  contin- 
uing across  the  pronotum,  where  it  is  very  much  broader,  broadest  in 
the  middle  or  at  the  hinder  extremity  and  sometimes  inclosing  a  slender 
thread  or  stripe  of  testaceous;  there  is  also  a  lateral  blue-green  band, 
its  upper  limit  at  the  summit  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum, 
which  starts  from  behind  the  eye  and  crosses  the  prozona,  where  it  is 
much  the  widest,  occupying  from  a  third  to  a  half  the  length  of  the 
lateral  lobes,  and  occasionally  suffusing  the  metazona;  rest  of  pro- 
notum brownish  testaceous,  sometimes  with  a  yellow  tinge;  frontal 
costa  equal,  as  wide  as  the  interval  between  the  eyes,  slightly  depressed 
at  the  ocellus;  antennae  orange.  Pronotum  obtusely  angulate  poste- 
riorly, the  median  cariua  distinct  on  the  metazona,  feebly  indicated  on 
the  prozona  in  the  male  and  occasionally  in  the  female.  Prosternal 
spine  rather  slender,  conical,  reaching  the  level  of  the  pectus.  Tegmina 
generally  slightly  longer  than  the  abdomen,  especially  in  the  male, 
sometimes  only  as  long  as  it,  rather  broad,  especially  just  beyond  the 
base,  brownish  green,  with  darker  green  flecking.s  and  yellowish  cross- 
veins;  beyond  the  subbasal  enlargement  they  taper  regularly  and  gently, 
the  tip  rounded;  hind  wings  a  little  shorter  than  the  teginina,  moder- 
ately broad,  the  veins  bluish  green,  slightly  infuscated  next  the  costa. 
Hind  femora  testaceous  yellow,  with  two  broad  angulate  and  sagittate 
blue-green  bands,  darkest  above;  hind  tibiae  pale  blue-green,  pallid 
at  base  and  pallescent  apically,  the  spines  pallid,  with  the  apical  half 
blackish  brown.  Supraaual  plate  of  male  subtriangular,  with  broadly 
angulate  sides,  as  long  as  broad,  the  acutely  angulate  tip  rounded,  the 
surface  nearly  plane  but  faintly  elevated  to  the  slight  ridges  which 
mark  the  boundaries  of  the  rather  broad  and  shallow  median  sulcus 
that  extends  over  the  basal  half,  narrowing  slightly  in  its  passage: 
there  is  besides,  on  either  side,  an  oblique  and  narrow  ridge,  extending 
from  the  extreme  outer  base  toward  the  middle  of  the  distal  half  of  the 
opposite  side,  terminating  halfway  there;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  scarcely  projecting,  minute,  attingent,  angulate  or  subaugulate  lobes; 
infracercal  plate  as  long  as  the  supraanal,  concealed  by  the  recumbent 
cerci;  cerci  feebly  compressed,  of  the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate, 
tapering  in  the  basal  half,  beyond  slender,  cylindrical,  subequal,  but 
apically  tapering  and  feebly  cur ved  downward  and  inward;  subapical 
tubercle  of  the  subgenital  plate  moderately  prominent,  erect,  very 
bluntly  conical  as  seen  from  behind. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19.5  mm.,  female,  27.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8  mm.,  female,  9.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  19  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  1G.5  mm. 

Five  males,  41  females.  Cheyenne  County,  Kansas,  F.  W.  Cragiu 
(L.  Bruner);  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet,  July-Septem- 
ber; between  Smoky  Hill,  Kansas,  and  Denver,  Colorado,  L.  Agassiz 
(Mus.  Comp.  Zool.) ;  Pueblo,  Colorado,  July- August;  Colorado,  Morrison 
(S.  Henshaw);  Colorado  (U.S.N.M.);  Grand  Junction,  Mesa  County, 
Colorado,  June  (L.  Bruner);  Pecos  River,  Texas,  Captain  Pope. 


NO.  1124.  EEVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL I—  SC UDDER.  73 

It  lias  also  been  reported  from  Nebraska  (Dodge)  and  Wyoming 
(Brunei1). 

The  single  specimen  from  Grand  Junction  is  of  an  exceptionally 
small  size,  a  female  only  17  mm.  long. 

This  is  the  largest  species  of  the  genus  and  is  not  uncommon  at  the 
eastern  base  of  the  Eocky  Mountains  in  Colorado.  I  have  considered' 
it  probable  that  this  is  the  species  described  by  Dodge  under  the  name 
Caloptenus  regalis,  but  the  description  does  not  very  well  apply  to  it. 
I  am  guided  partly  by  a  sketch  of  the  markings  of  the  tegmina  sent 
me  many  years  ago  by  Mr.  Dodge,  and  partly  by  the  impossibility  of 
applying  the  description  to  any  other  known  species. 

4.  AEOLOPLUS   CALIFORNICUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  V,  fig.  8.) 

Head  luteo-ferruginous,  with  a  broad,  obscure  fuscous,  median  stripe 
on  the  summit,  not  including  the  fastigium;  frontal  costa  equal,  as 
broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  plane;  antennae  bright 
orange.  Pronotum  obtusely  angulate  posteriorly,  the  angle  rounded, 
the  median  carina  generally  feeble  but  sometimes  distinct  on  the  meta- 
zona,  wanting  on  the  prozona,  the  latter  with  a  pair  of  approximate, 
anteriorly  converging,  dull  olivaceo-fuscous,  rather  obscure,  narrow 
stripes;  on  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  the  transverse  sulci  are 
marked  in  fusco  olivaceous,  and  there  are  sometimes  fuscous  clouds  in 
the  .same  region,  but  nowhere  distinct.  Prosternal  spine  as  in  Ae. 
ref/alis.  Tegmina  much  surpassing  the  abdomen  in  both  sexes,  at 
their  broadest  as  broad  as  the  metazona,  beyond  the  subbasal  enlarge- 
ment tapering  very  gradually,  the  tip  rounded,  fulvo- testaceous,  flecked 
feebly,  especially  along  the  middle,  with  fuscous,  the  longitudinal  veins 
interruptedly  fuscous  and  pallid  in  the  apical  half;  wings  slightly 
shorter  than  the  tegmina,  moderately  broad,  distinctly  less  than  twice 
as  long  as  broad,  the  veins  and  cross-veins  glaucous.  Hind  femora 
and  tibiae  precisely  as  in  Ac.  reyalis.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  trian- 
gular, with  strongly  sinuate  sides  and  produced  and  rounded  apex, 
with  a  basal,  apically  narrowing,  moderately  broad  median  sulcus, 
bounded  by  sharp  but  low  walls  and  reaching  halfway  across  the  plate, 
and  an  oblique  ridge  on  each  side,  as  in  Ac.  reyalis,  but  much  less 
prominent;  furcula  indicated  merely  by  a  pair  of  thickenings  of  the 
inner  angles  of  the  mesially  parted  terminal  dorsal  segment;  cerci  as 
in  Ac.  reg«lis,  but  with  the  apical  portion  less  slender  and  straighter; 
infracercal  plate  just  shorter  than  the  supraanal,  concealed  by  the 
recumbent  cerci;  subapical  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  feebly  promi- 
nent, very  i)lunt  and  rounded. 

Length  of  body,  male,  24.5  mm.,  female,  26.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
9  mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  22  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

One  male,  4  females.    California,  Burrisou  (S.  Henshaw). 


74  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  Ae.  regalis,  but  has  much  longer 
tegmina,  is  slighter  in  form,  has  a  less  pronounced  subapical  tubercle 
to  the  male  abdomen,  and  differs  slightly  in  color  and  markings  as  well 
as  iu  the  abdominal  appendages. 

5.  AEOLOPLUS    CHENOPODII. 

(Plate  V,  fig.  9.) 

Pezotettix  cJienapodii  BRUNEB!,  Ins.  Life,  VII  (1894),  pp.  41-42;  Rep.  St.  Hort. 
Soc.  Xebr.,  1894  (1894),  p.  163;  Bull.  Div.  Eot.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXXII 
(1894),  pp.  12-13. 

Head  varying  from  livid  to  warm  testaceous,  faintly,  feebly,  and 
sparsely  punctate  with  brown,  with  mediodorsal  and  postocular  stripes 
of  black  as  in  the  neighboring  species,  the  former  generally  broaden- 
ing posteriorly  and  thereafter  inclosing  a  yellow  thread;  antennae 
brownish  yellow,  pallid  basally  and  infuscated  apically ;  fasti gium  more 
or  less  shallowly  sulcate  iu  its  narrowest  part,  the  frontal  costa  about 
as  wide  as  the  space  between  the  eyes,  equal,  nearly  fading  out  before 
reaching  the  clypeus,  and  plane  throughout.  Pronotura  testaceous, 
sometimes  punctate  with  brown  above,  with  a  broad  and  posteriorly 
broadening  mediodorsal  blackish  stripe  on  the  prozoua,  including  a 
similarly  widening  testaceous  thread  or  stripe;  upper  half  or  rather 
less  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  protfona  with  a  similar  more  or  less 
distinct  blackish  brown  belt,  generally  accompanied  by  a  testaceous 
dot  at  the  middle  of  the  upper  margin;  hinder  margin  of  the  pronotuin 
hardly  angulate,  but  well  rounded  in  a  uniform  curve;  median  carina 
slight  on  the  metazona,  wanting  or  rarely  indicated  on  the  prozona. 
Prosternal  spine  short,  conical,  rather  blunt.  Tegmina  subovate,  less 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  apically  obliquely  truncate  in  the  female, 
not  pointed,  fuliginous,  with  crowded  brownish  and  yellowish  veins. 
Hind  femora  luteo-testaceous,  with  three  broad,  transverse  angular 
bands  of  bluish  black,  which  are  but  little  confluent  on  the  outer 
face  and  somewhat  less  conspicuous  on  the  upper  face,  the  genicular 
arc  black;  hind  tibiae  pale  glaucous  (sometimes  pink,  according  to 
Brunei)  with  the  knee  and  a  subbasal  annulus  pale  yellow;  the  spines 
black  with  pallid  base.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular  with 
faintly  sinuous  sides  and  roundly  pointed  apex,  the  surface  flat  but 
with  a  pair  of  convergent,  rather  sharp,  but  only  slightly  elevated 
ridges,  inclosing  a  rather  narrow  basal  longitudinal  sulcus,  not  reach- 
ing the  middle  of  the  plate;  there  are  besides  two  short,  strongly 
oblique,  blunt  ridges  on  the  basal  half,  fading  at  their  extremities;  ftir- 
cula  wholly  wanting;  cerci  moderately  broad  and  compressed  at  base, 
tapering  gradually  and  regularly  over  a  little  more  than  the  basal 
half,  beyond  subequal,  subcylindrical,  but  pointed,  the  apex  scarcely 
incurved  and  extending  scarcely  beyond  the  supraanal  plate ;  subapical 
tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  small,  directed  upward  and  backward, 
very  short  and  bluntly  conical  as  viewed  from  behind. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCFDDER.  75 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm.;  antennae, male,  6.5 
mm.,  female,  G-  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  3.75  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Two  males,  2  females.  Grand  Junction,  Mesa  County,  Colorado, 
June,  L.  Bruner. 

6.  AEOLOPLUS  TURNBULLII. 
(Plate  V,  iig.10.) 

Calopienus  turnbulUi  THOMAS!,  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p.  452, 
pi.  n,  fig.  10;  Rep.U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  158;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 
Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  xi,  fig.  10.— 
SCUDDER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Conira., 
Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  IV  (1884),  p.  58. 

JIdanoplus  inrnluUn  BRUNER,  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  139;  Publ.  Nebr. 
Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28. 

Head  varying  from  pallid  testaceous  to  brownish  testaceous,  the 
genae  sometimes  clouded  with  fuscous;  a  broad  blackish  stripe,  usually 
broadening  posteriorly,  extends  from  the  front  of  the  fastigium  across 
the  summit,  nearly  occupying  the  whole  of  the  fastigium  except  the 
sides  of  the  expanded  portion  and  sometimes  invading  this;  a  broader 
band  extends  longitudinally  behind  the  eyes;  antennae  pale  salmon 
red,  more  or  less  deeply  infuscated  apically;  fastigium  not  sulcate; 
frontal  costa  nearly  or  quite  as  broad  as  the  narrowest  space  between 
the  eyes,  shallowly  sulcate  below  the  ocellus.  Pronotum  varying  from 
testaceous  to  dark  brownish  yellow,  the  metazona  generally  feebly  infus- 
cated in  parts,  especially  on  the  disk,  the  prozona  and  generally  the 
front  half  of  the  metazona  with  a  broad,  obscurely  bordered,  blackish 
fuliginous,  mesial  stripe,  sometimes  including  a  yellowish  thread;  upper 
half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  similarly  colored,  forming  a 
broad  bar,  which  sometimes  extends  as  a  cloud  upon  the  metazona; 
posterior  margin  obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  rounded;  median  carina 
on  the  metazona  only.  Prosternal  spine  conical  or  pyramidal,  rather 
pointed,  moderately  long.  Tegmina  brown,  variably  necked  with  dull 
yellowish,  the  basal  portion  of  the  anal  vein  often  so  marked,  falling 
distinctly  short  of  the  tip  of  the  abdomen,  the  costal  margin  somewhat 
but  not  greatly  expanded  beyond  the  base,  beyond  tapering  regularly, 
the  tip  well  rounded;  wings  at  rest  protruding  slightly  beyond  the 
tegmina.  Hind  femora  clay  yellow,  thrice  broadly  banded  with  blue 
black,  the  bands  generally  more  or  less  blended  on  the  outer  face,  the 
whole  genicular  arc  inky  black;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  suffused  apically 
with  pale  yellow,  and  with  a  narrow  subbasal  yellowish  annulus,  the 
pallid  spines  black  tipped,  the  tarsi  clay  yellow.  Supraanal  plate  of 
male  triangular,  the  apex  acute  and  bluntly  pointed,  the  sides  nearly 
straight,  the  surface  feebly  arched,  with  a  basal,  triangular,  apically 
narrowing  sulcus,  which  hardly  extends  to  the  middle  of  the  plate  and 
is  bounded  by  sharp  walls;  a  short,  moderately  sharp  but  low,  oblique 
ridge  starts  from  the  outer  base  of  the  plate  and  runs  a  similar  dis- 


76  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


tance;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  adjacent,  obtusely  angled,  scarcely 
projecting,  small  lobes;  cerci  long  and  slender,  fully  as  long  as  the 
supraaual  plate,  tapering  not  rapidly  and  on  the  basal  half  only,  the 
apical  half  slender,  a  little  compressed,  slightly  arcuate,  and  feebly 
downcurved  apically;  subapical  tubercle  of  subgenital  plate  moderate, 
suberect,  as  viewed  from  behind  very  bluntly  conical. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.25 
inm.,  female,  7.8  mm.;  teginina,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  13  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Nine  males,  6  females.  Yellowstone,  Montana,  October  9,  0.  Y.  Eiley 
(U.S.N.M.);  Sweetwater,  Wyoming,  Thomas  (U.S.N.M.,  [No.  715]); 
Wyoming,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M.);  Newcastle,  Weston  County,  Wyo- 
ming (L.  Bruncr);  Gordon,  Sheridan  County,  Nebraska,  August  (L. 
Bruner);  Explorations  in  the  Upper  Missouri  and  Yellowstone,  F.  Y. 
Hay  den. 

The  species  was  originally  reported  from  a  between  Eed  Buttes  and 
Independence  lioek,  Wyoming, "  but  it  has  since  been  recorded  by 
Bruner  (doubtless  in  some  cases  by  mistake  for  some  of  the  allied  spe- 
cies here  first  separated)  from  Garden  City,  Finney  County,  Kansas, 
western  Nebraska,  Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Montana  and  the  Pacific 
Coast. 

According  to  Bruner,  this  species  in  the  Yellowstone  region  "only 
feeds  upon  two  species  of  plants,  as  nearly  as  I  could  ascertain  by 
observation,  viz.,  the  i pigweed'  and  a  small  greenish  white  plant  of  a 
similar  nature.  Those  found  on  the  pigweed  are  somewhat  glaucous 
yellow,  while  those  feeding  on  the  other  plant  are  more  of  a  whitish 
color,  mingled  with  greenish  blue  instead  of  greenish  yellow,"  the  color 
of  the  insects  resembling  to  a  considerable  degree  that  of  the  plants 
on  which  they  feed. 

7.  AEOLOPLUS  PLAGOSUS. 

(Plate  VI,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettix  plagosus  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1877),  p.  504;  Can. 
Eut.,  XII  (1889),  p.  75. 

Brownish  yellow  marked  with  dark  brown  or  brownish  fuscous; 
especially  noticeable  is  a  dark  medioclorsal  stripe,  extending  from  the 
middle  of  the  vertex  between  the  eyes,  where  it  is  not  half  so  broad 
as  the  interspace,  to  or  nearly  to  the  posterior  end  of  the  pronotum, 
broadening  as  it  goes,  on  the  posterior  half  of  the  pronotuin  inclosing 
a  median  pale  line  and  fading  out  before  the  end  of  the  metazona; 
there  is  also  a  broad  dark  belt  at  the  upper  limit  of  the  lateral  lobes  on 
the  prozona,  extending  forward  to  the  eyes  and  fading  inferiorly ;  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  slightly  broader  than  the  frontal  costa,  the  fas- 
tigium  broadly  and  rather  shallowly  sulcate,  the  frontal  costa  equal, 
narrowly  sulcate  below  the  ocellus.  Pronotum  broadening  slightly 
posteriorly,  the  metazona  punctate,  the  median  carina  distinct  only 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  77 

here,  the  slight  lateral  carinae  moderately  abrupt  and  obtuse,  the  pos- 
terior border  obtusely  angulated,  the  angle  rounded.  Prosternal  spine 
very  short,  straight,  stout,  pyramidal,  pointed.  Tegmiua  not  much 
shorter  than  the  abdomen,  obscure  brown,  mottled  with  many  pale  and 
darker  spots  (due  to  the  broken  color  of  the  veins),  mostly  arranged 
longitudinally  in  the  median  field;  the  costal  field  is  broadly  enlarged 
near  the  base,  and  beyond  it  the  whole  tapers  nearly  to  the  rounded 
tip,'  veins  of  the  apical  half  of  the  preanal  field  of  the  wings  dusky  or 
blackish.  Hind  femora  with  two  median,  angulate,  moderately  broad, 
brownish  fuscous  bands,  the  arc  of  the  geniculation  black;  hind  tibiae 
pale  dull  glaucous,  pale  at  the  base,  the  spines  black-tipped.  Supra- 
anal  plate  of  male  triangular,  nearly  as  long  as  broad,  flat,  with  a 
shallow  median  furrow  of  moderate  width  in  the  basal  half  and  a  slen- 
der mesial  groove  at  apex;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute, 
attingent,  triangular  lobes;  cerci  broad  at  base,  rapidly  tapering  on 
the  compressed,  conical,  basal  half,  very  slender  and  nearly  equal  on 
the  apical  half,  a  little  incurved  at  tip;  subapical  tubercle  of  subgeni- 
tal  plate  rather  small,  erect,  appre^sed,  bluntly  conical  as  seen  from 
behind. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  teginina,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  11.2  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  11.8  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Northern  ]^ew  Mexico,  August  to  September, 
Lieutenant  W.  L.  Carpenter. 

I  have  seen  no  other  males  .of  this  species  since  its  first  description, 
but  I  have  before  me  three  new  females,  which  from  the  greater  brevity 
of  their  tegniina  I  am  inclined  to  place  here  rather  than  in  Ae.  tiirnbullii 
(from  which  the  females  at  least  are  with  difficulty  separated),  and 
which  come  from  Colorado  (Canon  City,  Fremont  County,  Morrison  and 
Uhler. — U.S.N.M.  [Xo.  716])'.  The  specimen  collected  by  Morrison  was 
obtained  on  the  plains  at  an  elevation  of  5,000  feet,  and  is  almost  wholly 
grass-green  with  the  lighter  parts  yellowish  green. 

8.  AEOLOPLUS  UNIFORMIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  VI,  Fig.  2.) 

The  color  of  the  only  specimens  seen  are  probably  changed  somewhat 
from  their  having  been  killed  in  spirits  and  are  now  of  a  light  dead-leaf 
color;  probably  in  life  they  were  uniformly  testaceous,  with  perhaps 
a  greenish  tinge.  The  pronotum  shows,  at  least  on  the  prozona,  signs 
of  a  broad,  paler,  mediodorsal  band,  and  a  similar  baud  on  the  middle 
of  the  lateral  lobes;  the  outer  face  of  the  hind  femora  shows  indications 
of  a  pair  of  dusky  transverse  bauds,  mesial  and  extramesial,  and  the 
apical  half  or  more  of  the  hind  tibial  spines  are  black.  The  fastigium  of 
the  vertex  is  scarcely  in  the  least  impressed,  excepting  at  its  very  base 
between  the  eyes;  the  frontal  costa  has  a  row  of  puucta  on  either  side, 


78  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

removed  from  the  margin,  and  below  the  ocellus  it  is  narrowed,  sulcate, 
and  fails  to  reach  the  clypeal  suture.  Prozoua  feebly  and  sparsely, 
metazona  densely  and  rather  strongly,  punctate  on  the  disk,  the  for- 
mer anteriorly  with  a  submarginal  transverse  series  of  more  distinct 
puncta,  becoming  mesially  a  double  series;  the  posterior  sulcus  of  the 
prozona  swerves  broadly  backward  and  is  completely  continuous;  that 
in  front  of  it  is  rather  short,  not  infringing  on  the  lateral  lobes,  rigidly 
transverse  and  feebly  continuous.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular, 
with  almost  straight  lateral  margins,  subacuminate  apex,  fully  as  long- 
as  broad,  with  a  pair  of  subrnedian,  subparallel,  rather  elevated  ridges, 
fading  posteriorly,  inclosing  a  deep  median  sulcus;  furcula  consisting 
only  of  a  rather  distinct  but  obtuse  angle  on  either  side  of  a  rectangu- 
lar median  emargination  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  very  slender 
(slenderer  than  appears  by  the  figure),  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate, 
tapering  considerably  in  the  basal  half,  equal  and  very  feebly  incurved 
in  the  apical  half,  apically  blunt;  infracercal  plates  rather  broad,  hardly 
narrowing  apically,  shorter  than  the  infraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.25  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
7  mm.,  female,  5.7  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8.3  mm.,  female,  10.2  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Fort  Whipple,  Yavapai  County,  Arizona,  E. 
Palmer;  Truckee  Valley,  Nevada,  E.  Eidgway. 

The  tegmiua  are  considerably  larger  than  the  abdomen  in  the  male 
from  Arizona;  somewhat  shorter  than  the  abdomen  in  the  female  from 
Nevada.  I  am  not  at  all  confident  that  the  two  belong  together,  and 
my  description  is  therefore  based  almost  wholly  upon  the  male. 

9.  AEOLOPLUS  ARIZONENSIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  VI,  fig.  3.) 

Hesperotettix  viridis  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Kep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1876),  p.  506;  Ann. 
Rep.  Geol.  Geogr.  Surv.  100th  nier.,  1876  (1876),  p.  286. 

Uniform  in  coloring  throughout,  and  probably  testaceous  (all  speci- 
mens seen  have  been  immersed  in  alcohol),  except  that  the  transverse 
sulci  of  the  pronotum  appear  to  have  been  marked  with  black  or  fus- 
cous, there  are  some  slight  fuscous  markings  on  the  upper  half  of  the 
lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona,  the  tegmiua  are  clouded  and  obscurely 
dotted  with  fuscous,  the  hind  femora  are  sometimes  twice  barred  with 
fuscous  and  have  a  large  fuscous  lunule  on  the  geniculation,  and  the 
tibial  spines  are  black  tipped.  The  eyes  of  the  male  are  tolerably 
prominent;  the  fastigium,  except  at  apex,  is  distinctly  and  uniformly 
but  not  deeply  sulcate;  the  frontal  costa  is  subequal,  depressed  at  but 
not  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  percurrent.  Prozoua  punctate  above 
only  in  the  submarginal  sulcus;  metazona  densely  and  rather  strongly 
punctate;  posterior  sulcus  of  the  prozona  oblique  on  either  side,  making 
a  very  open  rounded  angle  mesially,  and  percurrent,  while  that  next  in 
front  of  it  is  occasionally  subobliterated  mesially.  Tegmina  considera- 


N0. 1124.  RE  riSIOX  OF  THE  MELA NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  7 9 

bly  longer  than  the  abdomen  in  the  male,  nearly  or  quite  as  long  as  the 
abdomen  in  the  female.  Supraaual  plate  of  male  subtriangular,  with 
a  slight,  rounded,  lobiform,  apical  prolongation,  the  surface  nearly  flat, 
with  a  slight,  rather  broad  median  sulcus  on  the  basal  half  or  more; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very  slightly  projecting  but  moderately 
large,  rounded,  attingeut  lobes;  cerci  compressed  more  than  commonly 
in  this  genus,  broad  at  base,  tapering  pretty  regularly  in  the  basal  two- 
thirds,  mostly  by  the  excision  of  the  upper  side,  beyond  equal,  apically 
bluntly  rounded,  scarcely  incurved;  infracercal  plates  apically  narrow, 
nearly  as  long  as  the  supraaual  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.75 
mm.,  female,  7.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16.25  mm.,  female,  16  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.1  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm. 

Five  males,  4  females.  Fort  Whipple,  Yavapai  County,  Arizona; 
Mohave  Desert,  Loew  (U.S.]S".M.  [No.  717J). 

This  species  differs  slightly  from  Ae.  uniformis  in  markings,  but  more 
in  the  sculpture  of  the  face  and  of  the  male  abdominal  appendages, 
which  are  very  distinct  in  the  basal  breadth  of  the  cerci  and  the  flat- 
ness of  the  supraaual  plate. 

io.  AEOLOPLUS    OCULATUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  VI,  fig.  4.) 

Pale  yellowish  testaceous,  uniform,  the  only  variations  from  it  being 
in  the  pale  reddish  antennae,  chocolate  brown  eyes,  the  faint,  fuscous, 
crowded,  and  delicate  punctuation  of  the  submarginal  sulcus  of  the 
prozona  and  of  the  whole  of  the  inetazona,  the  bluish  main  rays  of  the 
wings,  the  feeble,  plumbeo-fuscous,  sagittate  banding  of  the  hind 
femora,  the  narrow  purplish  crescent  of  the  genicular  lobes  and  the 
very  pale  purplish  hind  tibiae,  the  spines  of  which  are  yellowish  in  the 
basal,  black  in  the  apical  half.  The  eyes  of  the  male  are  very  large 
and  prominent,  thefastigium  pretty  deeply  and  rather  narrowly  sulcate 
between  the  eyes,  the  frontal  costa  moderately  broad,  subequal,  nowhere 
sulcate,  and  rather  indistinctly  percurrent.  Posterior  sulcus  of  the 
prozona  swerving  backward  mesially  to  form  a  very  broad  W,  and  yet 
in  the  middle  much  nearer  the  sulcus  in  front  than  that  behind;  sulcus 
in  front  of  it  percurrent,  straight,  but  angularly  bent  forward  laterally. 
Tegmina  considerably  longer  than  the  abdomen  in  the  male.  Supra- 
anal  plate  of  male  triangular,  with  the  apex  slightly  produced  and 
rounded,  nearly  flat,  with  a  rather  broad  and  shallow  median  sulcus, 
suddenly  narrowed  and  almost  immediately  terminated  in  the  middle 
of  the  plate,  the  margins  sharply  defined;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  juxtaposed,  small,  rounded  lobes,  scarcely  perceptible  by  any  projec- 
tion; cerci  broad  at  base  and  equal  on  basal  fifth,  but  in  the  next  two 
fifths  rapidly  tapering,  almost  entirely  by  the  falling  slope  of  the  upper 
side,  beyond  subequal,  bluntly  pointed,  longer  than  the  supraanal  plate 


80  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

and  feebly  compressed  basally,  scarcely  incurved ;  infracercal  plate  as 
long  as  the  supraanal  by  the  apical  prolongation  of  the  narrowing  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  L7  mm.;  antennae,  6  mm.;  tegmina,  15  mm.; 
hind  femora,  9.25  mm. 

One  male.    Mohave,  Arizona,  Wickham  (L.  Bruner). 

In  details  of  structure  this  species  closely  resembles  Ae.  arizonensis, 
but  is  remarkable  for  its  compressed  form  and  its  large  and  prominent 
eyes,  in  which  points  it  exceeds  even  that  species. 

19.  BRADYNOTES. 

(ftpadvvK),  to  loiter.) 
Bradynotes  SCUDDER,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  76. 

Body  stout,  compact,  heavy,  generally,  and  especially  in  the  female, 
very  broad  at  the  metathorax.  Head  stout,  slightly  broader  below 
than  above,  the  genae  full ;  eyes  separated  by  a  wide  space,  wider  and 
generally  much  wider  than  the  broad  frontal  costa;  front  well  rounded, 
vertical,  the  frontal  costa  prominent,  broad,  and  generally  somewhat 
sulcate,  at  least  above;  antennae  slender  for  such  bulky  insects,  equal, 
shorter  and  generally  much  shorter  than  the  hind  femora.  Thorax  very 
stout,  the  pronoturn  very  short,  not  covering  the  whole  of  the  meso- 
notum,  truncate  at  either  extremity,  the  metazona  only  about  half  as 
long  as  the  prozona  and  rugulose,  while  theprozona  is  smooth;  lateral 
lobes  sometimes  separated  from  the  dorsum  by  distinct  rugae.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  very  much  abbreviated,  becoming  in  the  female  a  mere 
blunt  tubercle,  and  in  the  male  very  short  and  conical;  mesostethium 
and  metastethium  together,  in  both  sexes,  but  particularly  in  the  female, 
no  longer  or  scarcely  longer  than  broad;  the  interspace  between  the 
mesosternal  lobes  wide  in  both  sexes,  but  showing  a  remarkable  degree 
of  variation  quite  unknown  in  any  other  of  the  genera  of  Melanopli; 
the  metasternal  lobes  distant,  sometimes  very  distant,  in  the  female, 
approximate  or  moderately  distant  in  the  male.  Tegmiua  and  wings 
altogether  wanting.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  tumid;  hind 
femora  (excepting  in  B.  hispida)  rather  short,  moderately  stout,  reach- 
ing beyond  the  abdomen  in  the  male,  but  generally  not  in  the  female, 
the  upper  carina  smooth.  Terminal  abdominal  joints  of  the  female 
short,  with  slightly  exserted  ovipositor,  making  the  tip  blunt,  as  in 
Oedaleonotus  and  Aeoloplus,  but  perhaps  to  a  greater  degree;  abdo- 
men of  male  apically  clavate,  upturned,  the  subgenital  plate  long  and 
tumid,  without  apical  tubercle;  furcula  absent  or  (in  one  species)  rep- 
resented by  feeble  lobes:  cerci  simple,  conical,  straight. 

B.  obesa  (Thomas)  is  the  type. 

This  somewhat  remarkable  genus  is,  so  far  as  known,  confined  to  the 
extreme  northwestern  United  States,  but  will  probably  be  found  also 
in  British  Columbia.  It  extends  from  the  Pacific  to  Montana  and 
Wyoming,  and  has  so  far  been  reported  only  north  of  the  latitude  of 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  M !•: LA  \OPLI— SCUDDKli.  81 


39°.  Excepting  the  monotypic  Asemoplus  found  in  the  same  region, 
and  some  of  the  genera  peculiar  to  the  South,  no  other  genus  of 
Melanopli  has  so  limited  a  range. 

ANALYTICAL    KEY    TO    THE    SPECIES   OF    BRADYNOTES. 

A1.  Interspace  between  the  eyes  not  much  greater  than  the  least  width  of  the  frontal 
costa;  hind  femora  fully  three  times  as  long  as  pronotum  and  relatively  slender;  last 

dorsal  segment  of  male  abdomen  with  slight  lobes  for  furcula 1.  li'ispida  (p.  81). 

A-.  Interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly  twice  the  least  width  of  the  frontal  costa; 
hind  femora  distinctly  less  than  three  times  as  long  as  prouotum  and  relatively 
stout;  last  dorsal  segment  of  male  abdomen  quite  unarmed. 

61.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  not  (male)  or  at  most  a  little  (female) 
wider  than  the  lobes  themselves,  the  metasternal  lobes  varying  from  subcontiguous 
to  a  little  more  than  half  as  distant  as  the  mesostemal  (male),  or  from  more  than 
half  to  nearly  as  distant  as  the  mesosternal  lobes  (female) ;  male  cerci  about  as 
long  as  the  supraanal  plate. 

c1.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  scarcely  more  than  half  the  width  of 

the  lobes  themselves  (male)  or  not  wider  than  they  (female),  the  metasternal 

lobes  subcontiguous  (male) ;  last  segment  of  male  abdomen  not  greatly  upturned. 

dl.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  scarcely  more  than  half  the 

width  of  the  lobes  themselves,  the  metasternal  interspaces  in   the   female 

hardly  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  mesosternal 2.  caurus  (p.  83). 

d2.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  almost  as  wide  as  the  lobes, 
the  metasternal  interspace  in  the  female  fully  three-quarters  that  of  the  meso- 
sternal    3.  expleta  (p.  84). 

c'2.  Interspace  between  mesosterual  lobes  about  equal  to  the  width  of  the  lobes 
themselves  (male)  or  a  little  wider  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  moderately 
distant  (male)  or  fully  three-fourths  as  wide  as  the  mesosternal  interspace 
(female) ;  last  segment  of  male  abdomen  considerably  upturned. 

dl.  Hind  tibiae  wholly  coral  red 4.  pinguis  (p.  85). 

d2.  Hind  tibiae  red  only  on  apical  half. 

e1.  Relatively  large.  No  great  contrast  in  color  between  upper  and  lower 
half  of  lateral  lobes  of  pronotum,  the  lower  portion  not  being  very  light ; 
dark  cross  bands  of  hind  femora  crossing  only  the  inner,  not  (or  obscurely) 
the  outer  half  of  the  upper  surface;  outer  face  almost  uniformly  dark. 

5.  obesa  (p.  87). 

ej.  Relatively  small.  The  darker  superior  half  of  lateral  lobes  of  pronotum 
strongly  contrasted  with  the  lighter  inferior  half;  dark  cross  bands  of  hind 
femora  crossing  both  inner  and  outer  half  of  upper  surface,  the  outer  face 
broken  in  color  by  their  continuation 6.  referta  (p.  88). 

62.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  considerably  wider  than  (male)  or  twice 
as  wide  as  (female)  the  lobes  themselves,  the  metasternal  lobes  nearly  as  distant; 
male  cerci  not  half  so  long  as  the  supraanal  plate 7.  satur  (p.  89). 

i.  BRADYNOTES  HISPIDA. 

(Plate  VI,  fig.  5.) 
Pezotettix  Uspidus  BRUNER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XVII,  1885,  pp.  12-14. 

Body  moderately  stout,  very  slightly  compressed,  but  little  enlarged 
in  the  metathoracic  region,  even  in  the  female,  feebly  pilose.  Head 
full,  the  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  not 
much  greater  than  the  least  width  of  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigium 
considerably  declivent,  slightly  expanding  apically,  broadly  sulcate, 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 6 


82  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSE  I  M.  VOL.XX. 

anteriorly  punctate  in  the  male,  the  lateral  margins  moderately  prom- 
inent but  rounded  5  frontal  costa  moderately  broad,  a  little  broader 
than  the  basal  joint  of  the  antennae,  subequal,  sulcate  below  the  ocel- 
lus and  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  moderately  large,  more  prominent  in 
the  male  than  in  the  female,  about  as  long  'as  the  infraocular  portion 
of  the  genae,  anteriorly  truncate,  especially  in  the  female;  antennae 
a  little  more  (male)  or  a  little  less  (female)  than  half  as  long  again 
as  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  subequal,  in  the  female 
feebly  constricted  in  the  middle  and  slightly  broadened  posteriorly: 
metazona  less  than  half  as  long  as  the  prozona,  the  posterior  sulcus  of 
the  latter  as  distinct  as  the  anterior  which  divides  it  in  the  middle,  all 
the  sulci  cutting  the  slight  and  equal  median  carina;  posterior  mar- 
gin truncate  or  very  faintly  and  broadly  emarginate;  mesonotum  fully 
half  (male)  or  distinctly  less  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  meta- 
notum.  Interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  a  little  cuneiform, 
about  as  large  as  (male)  or  a  little  larger  than  (female)  the  slightly 
transverse  lobes;  interspace  between  the  inetasterual  lobes  much  less 
than  half  (male)  or  considerably  more  than  half  (female)  the  width  of 
the  mesosternal  interspace.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  consid- 
erably but  not  greatly  inflated ;  hind  femora  slender,  twice  as  long  as 
head  and  pronotum  together.  Abdomen  relatively  slender,  with  a 
sharp  but  slight  median  cariua,  the  extremity  scarcely  enlarged  in 
the  male  (as  viewed  from  above)  and  but  gently  upturned;  supraaual 
plate  of  male  shield  shaped,  the  proximal  half  of  the  lateral  margins 
ridged  and  the  broad  median  sulcus  margined  with  prominent  ridges, 
higher  in  the  proximal  than  the  distal  half;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  small,  moderately  distant  beads;  cerci  as  long  as  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  subcouical,  but  tapering  much  more  rapidly  in  the  basal 
than  the  apical  half,  the  tip  very  feebly  down-curved ;  iufracercal  plate 
of  either  side  large,  sulcate,  much  exposed,  nearly  meeting  its  mate, 
and  extending  slightly  beyond  the  supraanal  plate. 

The  body  is  brownish  ochraceous,  heavily  banded  with  blackish 
brown,  the  proportions  of  the  two  varying  somewhat.  The  head 
(excepting  the  vertex  and  a  broad  stripe  behind  the  eyes  which  are 
blackish  brown)  and  the  fore  and  middle  legs  are  dirty  ochraceous, 
darker  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  and  the 
same  color  is  found  on  the  whole  under  surface  of  the  body  and  the  lower 
half  or  less  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum ;  the  broad  dark  band 
behind  the  eyes  continues  across  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes 
and  the  whole  of  the  abdomen,  bordered  above  by  an  ochraceous  stripe, 
which  begins  between  the  eyes,  bordering  their  upper  margin,  and  con- 
tinues to  the  end  of  the  abdomen,  often  becoming  duller  in  color  as  it 
approaches  the  extremity  and  is  more  narrowly  separated  from  its 
mate;  sometimes  the  intervening  dark  stripe,  which  occupies  most  of 
the  vertex  of  the  head,  and  is  always  broader  anteriorly  than  posteri- 
orly, is  interrupted  at  the  metazona  and  on  the  meso-  and  metanota,  so 
that  the  lighter  bands  here  unite.  Hind  femora  varying  from  brownish 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC UDDER.  83 


to  yellowish  fuscous,  feebly  clouded,  especially  above,  with  fuscous  in 
the  middle  and  in  the  middle  of  the  distal  half,  the  under  and  inner 
surfaces  more  or  less  deeply  tinged  with  coral  red;  hind  tibiae  and 
tarsi  fusco-luteous,  only  the  apical  half  or  less* of  the  spines  blackish  or 
brown. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9.5 
mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. ;  pronotum,  male,  3.6  mm.,  female,  4.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.75  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm. 

One  male,  3  females.  Colville  Valley,  eastern  Washington,  July  24 
(L.  Bruner;  Museum  Comparative  Zoology). 

In  the  exceptional  length  of  the  hind  femora,  the  feeble  metathoracic 
enlargement  of  the  body,  and  the  development  of  the  furcula,  as  well  as 
in  some  minor  features,  this  is  the  most  aberrant  species  of  the  genus. 

2.  BRADYNOTES  CAURUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  VI,  fig.  6.) 
Bradynotes  opimus  BRUNER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885),  p.  15. 

Body  similar  in  shape  and  clothing  to  B.  hispida.  Head  full,  the 
vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  twice  as  great  as 
the  least  width  of  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigium  strongly  declivent, 
narrowing  rather  than  expanding  anteriorly,  broadly  but  shallowly 
snlcate,  the  lateral  margins  rather  prominent  but  rounded;  frontal 
costa  rather  broad,  much  broader  than,  sometimes  twice  as  broad  as, 
the  basal  joint  of  the  antennae,  generally  a  little  sulcate  throughout, 
especially  in  the  male,  punctate  at  the  margins;  eyes  not  very  large, 
scarcely  more  prominent  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  about  as  long 
as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae,  anteriorly  truncate  particularly 
in  the  female;  antennae  a  little  longer  (male)  or  a  little  shorter  (female) 
than  the  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  subequal,  expand- 
ing posteriorly  a  very  little,  especially  in  the  female;  metazona  half 
(female)  or  slightly  less  than  half  (male)  as  long  as  the  prozoua,  the  sulci 
of  the  latter  equally  indistinct,  and  neither  of  them  cutting  the  median 
carina,  which  is  nearly  obliterated  on  the  prozona,  especially  in  the 
female;  posterior  margin  as  in  B.  hispida;  mesonotum  more  than  half 
(male)  or  less,  sometimes  much  less,  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the 
metanotum.  Interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  as  wide  (female) 
or  hardly  more  than  half  as  wide  (male)  as  the  lobes  themselves,  the 
metasternal  lobes  subcontiguous  (male)  or  half  as  distant  as  the  meso 
sternal  (female).  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  somewhat  inflated; 
hind  femora  short  but  not  very  stout,  hardly  half  as  long  again  as  head 
and  pronotiyn  together.  Abdomen  relatively  rather  slender  with  a  slight 
and  blunt  median  carina,  the  extremity  scarcely  enlarged  in  the  male,  as 
viewed  from  above,  and  but  gently  upturned.  Supraanal  plate  of  male 
subtriangular  with  rounded  apex,  about  equally  long  and  broad,  tumid 
by  reason  of  a  pair  of  very  coarse,  elevated,  rounded  ridges,  with  a 


84  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

,very  deep  basal  sulcus  between  them;  furcula  absent;  cerci  slightly 
longer  than  the  supraanal  plate,  subconical,  faintly  compressed,  a 
little  downcurved  apically,  tapering  with  regularity;  infracercal  plates 
inconspicuous. 

Body  griseo  fuscous,  mottled,  the  face  and  inferior  surface  of  body 
sordid  brownish  yellow,  feebly  punctate  with  fuscous.  Vertex  and 
fastigium  brownish  fuscous,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  latter  feebly 
enlivened  witli  orange,  and  the  former  mottled  or  streaked  with  livid 
brown.  Both  thorax  and  abdomen  are  heavily  mottled  with  blackish 
fuscous,  much  more  heavily  in  some  individuals  than  in  others,  which 
is  apt  to  be  conspicuous  in  a  pair  of  subdorsal  bands,  sometimes  con- 
fined to  the  posterior  edges  of  the  segments,  and  to  leave  a  narrow 
lighter  dorsal  stripe  between  them;  the  lower  portion  of  the  lateral 
lobes  of  the  pronotum  is  always  lighter  than  the  upper  half,  which  is 
often  marked  by  a  more  or  less  distinct,  sometimes  abbreviated,  broad 
black  or  blackish  band,  generally  deeper  in  tint  on  its  inferior  half. 
Hind  femora  blackish  fuscous  feebly  clouded  with  dull  yellowish,  the 
whole  under  surface  and  under  portion  of  its  outer  face  clay  yellow; 
hind  tibiae  light  coral  red  (male)  or  dark  coral  red  on  apical  half  and 
extreme  base,  passing  into  purplish  red  on  the  basal  half  (female),  the 
spines  blackish  on  their  apical  half  at  most. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.75  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  3.5  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  3.65  mm.,  female,  4.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm. 

Two  males,  6  females.  Yakima  River  opposite  Ellen sburg,  Kittitas 
County,  Washington,  July  8-9  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology; 
U.S.N.M.  [No.  718]);  Camp  Umatilla,  Washington,  June  27  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology) ;  Oregon  City,  Clackamas  County,  Oregon,  July, 
W.  G.  W.  Harford. 

3.  BRADYNOTES    EXPLETA,  new  species. 
(Plate  VI,  fig.  7.) 

Body  similar  in  shape  and  clothing  to  B.  hispida,  except  that  it  is 
relatively  a  trifle  stouter  at  the  metathorax,  especially  in  the  female. 
Head  broad  and  full,  the  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes  nearly  or  quite  twice  as  great  as  the  least  width  of  the  frontal 
costa,  the  fastigium  strongly  declivent,  shallowly  sulcate,  the  lateral 
margins  rather  prominent,  especially  in  the  male,  but  rounded;  frontal 
costa  rather  broad,  considerably  broader  than  the  basal  joint  of  the 
antennae,  feebly  sulcate  if  at  all,  and  sparsely  punctate,  especially  at 
the  margins;  eyes  as  in  B.  caurus  (antennae  more  or  less  broken  in  all 
specimens  seen).  Pronotum  regularly  expanding  posteriorly,  very 
slightly  in  the  male,  distinctly  but  not  greatly  in  the  female;  metazona 
about  half  as  long  as  the  prozona,  the  sulci  of  the  former  equally  but 
feebly  impressed,  all  cutting  the  feeble  median  carina,  which  is  obso 
lescent  on  the  prozona  in  the  female ;  mesonotum  nearly  half  (female)  or 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEB.  85 

much  less  than  half  (male)  as  long  as  the  metanotum.  Interspace 
between  the  mesosternal  lobes  almost  as  broad  as  the  lobes  themselves 
(male,  female),  the  metasternal  lobes  slightly  distant  (male)  or  fully 
three-fourths  as  distant  as  the  mesosternal  lobes  (female).  Femora  as 
in  7?.  caurus.  Abdomen  relatively  slender,  compressed,  with  a  distinct 
but  not  prominent  median  carina,  the  extremity  in  the  male  slightly 
enlarged,  as  seen  from  above,  and  somewhat  upturned;  terminal 
appendages  of  male  differing  from  those  of  B.  caurus  only  in  that  the 
supraamil  plate  is  a  little  more  pointed,  and  the  cerci  coarser,  a  trifle 
shorter,  more  bluntly  tipped,  and  not  curved  downward  so  much 
apically. 

Body  brownish  fuscous  above,  sordid  yellow  below.  Face  livid  brown, 
flecked  with  fuscous  points ;  the  ridged  margins  of  the  fastigium  coral 
red,  at  least  in.  the  male;  behind  the  eyes,  in  front  of  the  position  for 
the  lateral  carinae  of  the  pronotum,  is  the  beginning  of  a  slender  and 
feeble  yellowish  stripe,  which  crosses  interruptedly  to  the  pronotum 
and  is  there  lost;  below  it,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  are  dark 
brown,  almost  blackish,  at  least  on  the  prozona,  while  below  the  lobes 
are  much  lighter  colored.  The  abdomen  is  more  or  less  flecked,  espe- 
cially laterally,  at  the  posterior  margins  of  the  segments  with  testaceous, 
and  there  is  a  more  or  less  conspicuous  or  broken  piceous  lateral  band 
on  the  basal  half  of  the  abdomen.  The  hind  femora  are  colored  as  in 
B.  caurus,  but  the  hind  tibiae  are  coral  red  in  the  male,  sordid  yellow 
apically  tinged  with  red  in  the  female,  feebly  incurved,  the  spines  black 
tipped.  Lower  external  half  of  anal  cerci  of  male  distinctly  darker 
than  the  upper. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.25  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  pronotum,  male, 
4  mm.,  female,  4.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  8.25  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Easton,  Kittitas  County, Washington  (U.S.X.M. 
[No.  719]). 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  indeed  to  B.  caurus. 

4.  BRADYNOTES  PINGUIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  VI,  fig.  8.) 

Body  stout  and  clumsy,  considerably  enlarged  in  the  metathoracic 
region,  especially  in  the  female,  weakly  and  briefly  pilose.  Head  full, 
the  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  broad,  about 
twice  the  breadth  of  the  narrowest  part  of  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastig- 
ium strongly  declivent,  considerably  but  broadly  sulcate,  its  lateral 
margins  ridged,  continuous  with  the  sometimes  elevated,  always  dark- 
colored  bortlers  of  the  frontal  costa;  the  latter  broad,  much  broader  than 
the  basal  joint  of  the  antennae,  variably  sulcate,  punctate  but  sparsely 
except  on  the  margins;  eyes  rather  large,  more  prominent  in  the  male 
than  in  the  female,  equally  truncate  anteriorly  in  the  two  sexes,  as  long 
as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  somewhat  louger 
(male)  or  a  trifle  shorter  (female)  than  head  and  pronotum  together. 


86  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Pronotuin  regularly,  and  in  the  female  considerably,  enlarging  posteri- 
orly, with  distinct  (male)  or  indistinct  (female)  lateral  carinae  on  the 
prozona,  which  is  twice  (male)  or  almost  twice  (female)  as  long  as  the 
metazona,  its  sulci  approximated  and  equally  distinct,  but  not  so  dis- 
tinct as  that  separating  the  pro-  and  metazona  and,  unlike  it,  not  cut- 
ting the  median  carina,  which  is  yet  often  subobsolete  on  the  prozona 
and  especially  on  its  posterior  half,  particularly  in  the  female;  exposed 
portion  of  mesonotuin  about  half  (male)  or  hardly  more  than. a  fourth 
(female)  as  long  as  the  metanotuin.  Interspace  between  the  rneso- 
sternal  lobes  three-fourths  (male)  or  fully  (female)  as  wide  as  the  lobes 
themselves,  the  metasternal  interspace  half  (male)  or  three-fourths 
(female)  the  width  of  the  mesosternal  interspace.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  pretty  strongly  inflated  and  arcuate  in  the  male,  the  hind 
femora  stout  and  heavy,  hardly  if  at  all  more  than  half  as  long  again 
as  head  and  pronotnm  combined,  the  hind  tibiae  stout.  Abdomen 
stout,  tapering  and  then  apically  enlarged  and  considerably  upturned 
in  the  male;  supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular,  shorter  than  its  basal 
breadth,  with  a  pair  of  broad,  gently  tumid  ridges,  which  unite  into  a 
single  median  ridge,  leaving  between  them  in  the  basal  half  a  shallow 
sulcus;  furcula  wanting;  cerci  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  sub 
conical,  slightly  compressed,  tapering  a  little  more  rapidly  in  basal 
than  in  apical  half,  rather  blunt  at  tip,  straight  throughout;  infracercal 
plate  much  shorter  than  the  supraanal,  scarcely  perceptible. 

Body  brownish  fuscous  above  much  marked  with  clay  yellow,  beneath 
almost  wholly  clay  yellow,  more  or  less  infuscated  in  the  female.  The 
head  is  more  or  less  obscure  yellow,  the  vertex  at  summit  brownish  fus- 
cous, limited  at  most  to  a  narrow  median  and  two  equally  narrow  sub- 
median  streaks,  the  latter  continued  along  the  marginal  ridges  of  the 
fastigium  down  the  sides  of  the  frontal  costa,  but  at  the  apical  third  of 
the  fastigium  more  or  less  interrupted  by  or  suffused  with  dull  red;  the 
antennae  are  yellow  at  base,  gradually  passing  into  fuscous.  On  the 
dorsum  of  the  thorax  and  the  front  at  least  of  the  abdomen,  the  fuscous 
is  more  or  less  obscurely  punctate  or  flecked  with  yellowish,  and  along 
the  median  line  of  the  abdomen  there  is  a  distinct  yellowish  stripe  begin- 
ning on  the  meso-  and  metanota  as  a  mere  thread;  the  prevailing  tint 
of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum  is  yellowish,  but  there  is  a  more  or 
less  distinct  blackish  fuscous  oblique  bar  on  the  prozoua  just  above  the 
middle,  merging  posteriorly  in  the  general  obscurity  of  the  metazona; 
there  is  a  distinct  broad  blackish  fuscous  oblique  band  crossing  the 
meso-  and  metapleura,  and  the  middle  of  the  sides  of  the  basal  abdomi- 
nal segments  are  piceous.  The  fore  and  middle  legs  are  fusco-luteous; 
the  hind  femora  yellowish,  more  or  less  obscured  with  fuscous  and 
spotted  with  fuscous  on  the  inner  upper  face  and  the  outer  face,  which 
is  generally  almost  black  along  its  upper  half;  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi 
coral  red,  brighter  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  the  external  series 
of  spines  yellow  with  black  apices.  The  sides  of  the  supraanal  plate  of 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  87 


the  male  show  a  black  stripe,  and  the  cerci,  mesially  yellow,  are 
obscured  with  fuscous  both  above  and  below. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  25.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8  mm.,  female,  9  mm. ;  pronotum,  male,  4.75  mm.,  female,  5.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  14.25  mm. 

Five  males,  2  females.  Washington,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  720]); 
Reno,  Washoe  County,  Nevada,  Hillman  (L.  Bruuer).  Other  specimens 
of  Morrison's  collecting  in  the  collection  of  Mr.  S.  Henshaw  were 
labeled  by  Morrison  as  coming  from  North  Carolina,  but  of  course  by 
mistake;  in  all  probability  they  came  from  Washington;  he  collected 
in  both  these  States. 

5.  BRADYNOTES    OBESA. 
(Plate  VI,  fig.  9.) 

Pesoiettix  obesus  THOMAS!,  Ann.  Rep.  U.S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  pp.  454- 
455,  pi.  n,  figs.  13,  14.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  n,  figs.  13, 
14.— THOMAS!,  Rep. .  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  146;  Proc.  Dav. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.  259.— STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V, 
No.  9  (1878),  p.  15. 

Bradynotes  obcsa  SCUDDER  !,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  pp.  75-76. 

Bradynotes  opiums  SCUDDER!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  app.,  p.  24. 

Body  wholly  similar  in  form  and  clothing  to  that  of  B.  pinguis,  or  it 
is  even  stouter  in  the  metathoracic  region  in  the  female.  Head  not 
differing  essentially  from  B.  pinguis,  and  eyes  and  antennae  with  the 
same  structure.  Pronotum  with  similar  but  rather  less  distinct  and 
continuous  lateral  carinae;  metazona  half  (male)  or  distinctly  less  than 
half  (female)  the  length  of  the  prozona,  the  two  sulci  of  the  latter 
approximated,  the  hinder  of  them  less  distinct  than  the  anterior,  which 
is  as  well  marked  as  that  separating  the  prozona  from  the  metazoua, 
but  neither  traverse  the  median  carina,  which  is  equal  and  distinct 
though  slight  throughout;  exposed  portion  of  mesonotum  half  (male) 
or  much  less  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  metanotum.  Sternal 
interspaces  as  in  B.  pinguis,  as  also  the  femora.  Abdomen  stout, 
with  a  more  or  less  distinct  median  carina,  in  the  male  tapering  and 
then  apically  enlarging  and  upturned;  supraanal  plate  of  male  tri- 
angular, as  long  as  its  basal  breadth,  otherwise  as  in  B.  pinguis;  fur- 
cula  absent;  cerci  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  straight,  tapering 
regularly  in  the  basal  three-fifths,  beyond  equal  or  subequal,  blunt 
tipped ;  infracercal  plates  blunt  tipped,  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal 
plate. 

General  color  blackish  griseous,  more  or  less  necked  with  brown. 
Face  and  genae  below  the  eyes  varying  from  pale  to  pinkish  livid,  punc- 
tate with  black,  especially  below,  and  divided  by  black  stripes  following 
the  edges  of  the  frontal  costa  and  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  face  and 
also,  generally,  the  arcuate  posterior  carinae  of  the  genae,  and  an  oblique 
line  of  punctures  subparallel  to  it  below  the  middle  of  the  geiiae;  summit 
of  head  with  a  median  and  a  pair  of  arcuate  lateral  narrow  black  stripes, 


88  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

the  former  the  darker,  the  latter  extending  upon  the  lateral  margins  of 
the  fastigium,  on  the  anterior  part  of  which  they  are  supplanted  by 
red ;  antennae  testaceous  near  the  base,  blackish  beyond.  Prozona  with 
a  large  central  blackish  spot  on  the  disk,  inclosing  a  pair  of  testaceous 
dots,  laterally  disposed  ;  anterior  and  posterior  margins  of  the  pronotum, 
especially  in  the  female,  occasionally  enlivened  feebly  with  red;  lateral 
lobes  lighter  below  than  above,  speckled,  with  a  broad,  somewhat 
broken,  black  median  baud  crossing  the  prozona.  Abdomen  varying 
from  grizzly  to  blackish,  the  posterior  edges  of  the  segments  dotted 
with  minute  longitudinal  spots,  and  some  of  the  posterior  segments 
marked  with  a  central,  triangular,  testaceous  spot,  seated  on  the  pos- 
terior border.  Hind  femora  with  the  outer  face  generally  altogether 
black,  occasionally  lighter  and  marked  with  a  central,  oblique,  pale  dash 
above;  upper  and  lower  faces  pale  testaceous,  the  inner  side  of  the 
upper  face  with  a  pair  of  black  bars;  hind  tibiae  deep  purplish  at  base 
(with  the  basal  outer  tubercle  deep  red)  passing  into  deep  red  beyond 
the  middle,  the  under  surface  clay  yellow;  the  spines  of  the  basal  half 
pale,  of  the  apical  half  reddish,  all  black  tipped.  Male  cerci  clay  yellow, 
edged  below  with  blackish ;  supraaual  plate  yellow  mesially,  blackish 
laterally. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9.5 
mm.,  female,  10.5  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  5.5  mm.,  female,  5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male  and  female,  12.25  mm. 

Thirteen  males,  20  females.  Sierra  Nevada,  July  17-22,  Baron  Osten- 
Sacken;  Mount  Shasta,  northern  California,  at  forest  line,  A.  S.  Pack- 
ard ;  Siskiyou  County,  California  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection) ;  southern 
Montana,  C.  Thomas  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  721]);  Montana  (tl.S.N.M.— Eiley 
collection);  Helena,  Montana  (L.  Bruner);  Humboldt  Eiver,  Nevada, 
August,  S.  W.  Burrison  (S.  Henshaw).  It  is  also  credited  by  Thomas 
to  Wind  River,  Wyoming;  to  a  point  40  miles  from  Virginia  City, 
Montana,  at  a  height  of  8,000  feet;  and  to  the  dividing  ridge  between 
Idaho  and  southern  Montana. 

Since  describing  B.  opimus,  I  have  been  able  to  compare  it  with  the 
types  of  Thomas's  Pezotettix  obesus  and  find  they  are  not  distinct.  The 
species  is  very  close  to  B.  pinguis,  but  differs  from  it  in  its  markings, 
particularly  in  its  darker  antennae,  its  much  less  developed  median 
abdominal  stripe  and  its  differently  colored  hind  tibiae,  and  also  in  the 
more  continuous  and  more  developed  median  carina  on  pronotum  and 
abdomen,  and  the  slightly  differing  abdominal  appendages  of  the  male. 
It  is  evidently  the  commonest  and  most  widely  spread  of  the  species  of 
Bradynotes. 

6.  BRADYNOTES   REFERTA,  new  species. 
(Plate  VI,  fig.  10.) 

Body  similar  in  form  to  that  of  B.  Mspida,  but  with  excessively  sparse 
and  feeble  pilosity.  Head  full,  the  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  twice  as  broad  as  the  narrowest  part  of  the  frontal 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  89 


costa,  the  fastigiuin  declivent,  shallowly  sulcate,  with  elevated  rounded 
margins,  continuous  with  the  slightly  elevated  margins  of  the  upper 
part  of  the  frontal  costa.  The  latter  broad,  subequal,  feebly  broaden- 
ing below,  much  broader  than  the  basal  joint  of  the  antennae,  feebly 
sulcate  in  the  male,  and  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  not  very  large,  slightly 
more  prominent,  and  anteriorly  slightly  less  truncate  in  the  male  than 
in  the  female;  antennae  about  as  long  as  (female)  or  a  little  longer 
than  (male)  the  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  subequal,  but 
slightly  enlarging  posteriorly,  especially  in  the  female,  with  the  Mutest 
possible  indications  of  lateral  carinae  in  the  male,  the  metazona,  espe- 
cially in  the  male,  fully  half  as  long  as  the  prozona,  the  sulci  of  the 
latter  scarcely  less  distinct  than  the  principal  sulcus,  and  similar,  cut- 
ting the  median  carina,  which  is  often  but  not  always  obsolete  between 
the  sulci  and  sometimes  over  the  whole  prozona;  exposed  portion  of 
mesonotum  fully  half  (female)  or  less  than  half  (male)  as  long  as  the 
metanotum.  Interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  fully  equal  to 
the  lobes  themselves  (male,  female),  the  metasternal  interspace  half 
(male)  or  much  more  than  half  (female)  as  wide  as  the  mesosternal. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
moderately  stout,  about  two  and  a  half  times  as  long  as  the  pronotum. 
Abdomen  with  a  distinct  median  carina,  a  little  compressed,  in  the  male 
tapering  from  the  base,  scarcely  enlarged  apically,  but  considerably 
upturned;  supraaual  plate  of  male  fully  as  long  as  its  basal  breadth, 
dorsally  ridged  as  in  B.  obesa;  no  furcula;  cerci  slightly  longer  than  the 
supraanal  plate,  slightly  compressed  but  externally  tumid,  tapering 
on  the  basal  half,  the  apical  subequal,  moderately  stout,  slightly  down- 
curved  and  rounded  at  the  extremity;  infracercal  plates  produced  on 
the  inner  side  nearly  to  the  extremity  of  the  supraanal  plate. 

General  color  and  markings  much  as  in  B.  obesa,  but  with  lighter  col- 
ored antennae,  and  with  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pro- 
notum very  dark,  generally  forming  a  distinct  broad  baud  in  marked 
contrast  to  the  lower  half  of  the  same,  and  in  the  female  in  contrast  to 
the  somewhat  lighter  griseous  disk  of  the  pronotum,  the  band  crossing 
the  metazona  as  well  as  the  prozona.  There  is  no  red  coloring  upon  the 
pronotum.  Hind  femora  and  tibiae  as  well  as  abdominal  appendages 
similar  in  color  to  B.  obesa,  but  the  hind  femora  more  variable. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  20.25  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.5 
mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  4  mm.,  female,  4.1  mm.;  hind  fem- 
ora, male,  10  mm.,  female,  10.25  mm. 

Two  males,  3  females.  Soldier,  Logan  County,  Idaho  (L.  Bruner); 
inouutains\iear  Lake  Tahoe,  California,  Captain  Wheeler's  expedition 
of  1876. 

7.  BRADYNOTES  SATUR,  new  species. 
(Plate  VII,  fig.  1.) 

Body  entirely  similar  to  B.  pinguis  in  form  and  vestiture.  Head  full, 
the  vertex  scarcely  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  tumid,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  much  greater  than  the  narrowest  part  of  the 


90  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

frontal  costa,  but  not  nearly  twice  so  broad,  the  fastigium  very  strongly 
declivent,  sulcate,  with  prominent  lateral  ridges  which  apically  diverge 
slightly;  frontal  costa  broad,  considerably  broader  than  the  basal  joint 
of  the  antennae,  not  constricted  above,  more  or  less  sulcate,  especially 
in  the  male,  fading  just  below  the  ocellus,  and  very  feebly  punctate; 
eyes  not  very  large,  more  prominent  in  the  male  than  in  the  female, 
and  roundly  truncate  anteriorly,  alike  in  both  sexes,  but  only  in  the 
male  as  long  as  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  consid 
erably  longer  (male)  or  somewhat  shorter  (female)  than  head  and  pro 
notum  together.  Pronotuin  regularly  enlarged  posteriorly,  a  little  more 
in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  with  no  trace  of  lateral  carinae,  the  pro- 
zoua  fully  twice  (male)  or  nearly  thrice  (female)  as  long  as  the  metazona, 
its  approximated  sulci  similar  to  but  less  distinct  than  the  principal 
sulcus,  and  like  it  continuous,  the  median  carina hardly  existing  except 
on  the  metazona,  where  it  is  feeble;  exposed  part  of  mesonotum  about 
half  as  long  as  the  inetanotum  (male,  female),  the  posterior  border  of 
the  latter  slightly  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  emarginate.  Interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  considerably  wider  than  (male)  or  twice  as 
wide  as  (female)  the  lobes  themselves,  the  metasternal  interspace  nearly 
as  great.  Fore  and  middle  femora  very  slightly  tumid  in  the  male,  the 
hind  femora  moderately  slender,  nearly  two  and  a  half  times  as  long  as 
the  prouotura.  Abdomen  stout  with  a  distinct  but  slight  median  carina 
in  the  male,  tapering  on  the  basal  half,  hardly  enlarging  apically  but 
considerably  upturned;  supraanal  plate  of  male  small,  triangularly 
shield  shaped,  broader  than  long,  apically  angulate,  with  an  unimpor- 
tant sulcate  median  ridge  on  basal  half  meeting  a  transverse  ridge, 
beyond  which  it  is  depressed;  no  furcula;  cerci  very  short,  conical, 
blunt,  not  reaching  beyond  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate;  infra- 
cereal  plates  large,  mesially  ridged,  reaching  as  far  as  the  supraanal 
plate. 

Body  griseo-fuscous,  flecked  and  tinted  with  sordid  luteo-fuscous, 
lighter  beneath,  darker  above.  The  vertex  and  mesial  parts  of  the  fas- 
tigium are  fuscous,  the  lateral  ridges  of  the  latter  lighter  colored,  but 
without  a  trace  of  red.  The  lower  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pro- 
notum  are  as  light  as  the  under  surface,  and  the  upper  half  as  dark 
as  any  other  part  of  the  body,  so  as  to  form  a  faint  dark  baud,  but  the 
contrasts  are  not  great;  the  meso-  and  inetauota,  and  the  posterior 
borders  of  the  abdominal  segments  are  nearly  black;  the  antennae  are 
sordid  luteous  at  the  base,  fuscous  beyond.  Hind  femora  externally 
clouded  and  feebly  twice  banded  obliquely  with  fuscous;  hind  tibiae 
very  dull  luteous,  clouded  apically  with  fuscous  in  the  female,  the  spines 
black  or  brown  tipped. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.25 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  3.25  mm.,  female,  4.6  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8.5  mm.,  female,  11.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Placer  County,  California,  September  (U.S.N.M. 
[No.  722].— Eiley  collection). 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  XOPLI—SC  UDDER.  9 1 

This  species  is  remarkable  for  the  slenderness  of  the  fore  and  middle 
femora  of  the  male  and  the  brevity  of  the  cerci,  exposing  so  fully  the 
infracercal  plates;  it  has  considerably  longer  hind  legs  than  B.  referta, 
which  it  most  resembles  in  general  appearance. 

2O.  DENDROTETTIX. 
(devdpov,  a  tree;    rern£,  a  grasshopper.) 

Dendrotettix  RILEY,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.Wash.,  I  (1888),  p.  86— name  only;  Ins.  Life, 
V  (1893),  pp.  254-255. 

Body  stout,  compact,  transversely  subquadrate,  thinly  pilose.  Head 
large,  broad,  a  little  prominent,  with  the  eyes  fully  as  wide,  at  least  in 
the  male,  as  the  length  of  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  raetazona,  the  sum- 
mit well  arched,  raised  a  little  above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the 
fastigiuni  rapidly  descending  and  forming  an  obtuse  angle  with  the  very 
straight  and  slightly  receding  face;  eyes  rather  small  but  very  promi- 
nent in  both  sexes,  nearly  as  broad  as  long  and  no  longer  (female)  or 
scarcely  longer  (male)  than  the  anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the 
geuae;  interspace  between  the  eyes  exceptionally  broad,  in  the  female 
nearly  as  broad  as  the  upper  aspect  of  the  eyes;  fastigiuni  feebly  con- 
vex as  far  as  the  front  margin  of  the  eyes,  in  front  of  which  it  is 
depressed;  frontal  costa  only  moderately  broad,  much  narrower  than 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  obsolescent  below  the  ocellus  j  owing 
to  the  breadth  of  the  face,  the  lateral  carinae  are  more  than  usually 
divergent;  antennae  slender,  long,  about  half  as  long  as  the  body,  oven 
in  the  female.  Pronotum  feebly  subsellate,  the  anterior  margin  flaring 
to  receive  the  head,  and  the  inetazona  both  expanding  and  having  its 
dorsum  raised  at  a  slight  angle  with  the  prozona;  front  margin  slightly 
convex;  hind  margin  slightly  more  convex,  feebly  emargiuate,  even  in 
the  macropterous  forms;  disk  of  prozona  feebly  convex  transversely, 
of  metazona  plane,  passing  with  a  distinct  angle  into  the  vertical  lateral 
lobes,  more  distinct  on  inetazona  than  on  prozona,  so  that,  at  least  on 
the  inetazona,  there  are  distinct  lateral  carinae,  besides  a  well-defined 
percurrent,  median  carina;  prozona  smooth  excepting  its  subrugose 
anterior  margin,  subtrans verse,  half  as  long  again  as  the  punctato- 
rugulose  metazona,  cut  rather  deeply  in  the  middle  by  a  straight  trans- 
verse sulcus,  followed  at  less  than  half  the  distance  to  the  inetazona 
by  a  still  deeper,  scarcely  arcuate,  percurrent  sulcus,  from  which  there 
runs  backward,  on  the  middle  of  either  side,  a  short  impressed  line. 
Prosternal  spine  stout,  erect,  conical;  meso-  and  metastethia  together 
distinctly  longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes,  rapidly  narrowing  behind, 
so  that  the  portion  posterior  to  the  metasternal  lobes  is  only  about  half 
the  greatest  width  of  the  metastethium;  interval  between  the  meso- 
sternal  lobes  in  both  sexes  distinctly  transverse,  broader  than  the  lobes 
themselves;  metasternal  lobes  rather  distant  (male)  or  distant  (female), 
at  least  as  widely  separated  as  the  breadth  of  the  frontal  costa. 
Tegmina  fully  developed  or  abbreviate,  their  inner  edges  in  neither 


92  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

case  attingent  at  the  base,  at  least  in  the  female,  in  macropterous  forms 
of  exceptional  breadth,  especially  in  the  distal  half,  broadly  rounded 
apically,  in  micropterous  forms  no  longer  than  the  pronotum,  well 
rounded  apically.1  Fore  arid  middle  femora  a  little  tumid  in  the  male; 
hind  femora  not  very  long  iior  stout,  subcompressed ;  hind  tibiae  with 
nine  to  eleven,  usually  ten,  spines  in  the  outer  series;  aroliuin  of  un- 
usual size.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  not  clavate,  but  upturned 
and  bluntly  rounded,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  subgeuital  plate 
strongly  ainpliate  at  the  base,  the  plate  itself  of  unequal  and  of  narrow 
breadth,  well  rounded  apically;  cerci  short,  a  little  torqueate,  apically 
depressed;  furcula  obscure;  ovipositor  normally  exserted. 

A  single  species  occurs  from  Illinois  to  Texas,  a  tree-inhabiting 
species,  living  upon  oaks. 

DENDROTETTIX    QUERCUS. 

(Plate  VII,  fig.  2.) 

Dendrotettix  quercua  RILEY !,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  I  (1888), p.  86  [undescribed].— 
PACKARD,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  V  (1890),  pp.  214-215  [descriptions  of 
immature  forms  only].— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28 
[name  only] . 

Dendrotettix  Jongipennia  RILEY  MS.  fide  BRUNER!,  Can.  Eut.,  XXIII  (1891),  pp. 
191-192  [undescribed].— BRUNER,  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  p.  20  [undescribed] ; 
Bull.  Div.  Eut.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII  (1892),  p.  33  [uudescribed].— RILEY  !, 
Ins.  Life,  V  (1893),  p.  255  [first  description].— BRUNER!,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S. 
Dep.  Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893),  p.  14-15,  fig.  4. 

DendrotettixlongipennisvaT.  quercua RILEY!, Ins.  Life,V(1893),  p.256  [undescribed]. 

\_Post-oalc  locust,  BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XIII  (1887),  pp.  17-19.] 

Body  flavous  and  navo-testaceous,  marked  with  piceous.  Head, 
excepting  summit,  flavous,  more  or  less  infuscated  or  clouded  with 
olivaceo-fuscous,  the  summit  brownish  testaceous,  with  very  variable 
blackish  markings,  sometimes  consisting  of  a  median  posterior  dash, 
sometimes  of  a  pair  of  divergent  stripes,  sometimes  longitudinally 
combed  with  black;  there  is  a  broad  and  greatly  widening  black  stripe 
behind  the  whole  eye;  front  of  fastigium  very  broadly  sulcate;  frontal 
costa  and  whole  face  very  sparsely  punctate,  the  former  broadly  sulcate 
as  far  down  as  and  including  the  ocellus;  antennae  flavous,  sometimes  a 
little  infuscated.  Pronoturn  navo-testaceous  above,  the  metazona  dis- 
tinctly olivaceous,  the  median  carina  heavily  marked  in  black;  upper 
half  or  rather  more  of  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  piceous  band,  occasion- 
ally obsolescent  on  the  metazona,  and  often  distinct  only  at  its  upper 
and  lower  margins,  especially  the  former,  the- remainder  flavous;  abdo- 
men banded  with  black  along  the  sides.  Tegmina  lighter  or  darker 

'In  the  United  States  National  Museum  there  is  a  single  female  from  Texas  in 
which  the  tegmina  extend  a  little  more  than  halfway  to  the  tip  of  the  abdomen  and 
are  of  a  very  ditferent  shape,  the  basal  third  gradually  and  normally  broadening, 
but  beyond  tapering  rather  rapidly,  so  that  the  rounded  tip  is  narrower  than  the 
base;  it  looks  like  an  abnormal  development. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  93 


testaceous,  the  veins  more  or  less  flavous;  wings  (according  to  Riley; 
I  have  not  seen  spread  specimens)  u  rather  dark,  becoming  somewhat 
pellucid  near  their  base,  the  veins  dusky,  especially  on  the  apical  half.'7 
Fore  and  middle  legs  flavous;  hind  femora  luteo-testaceous,  sometimes 
suffused  with  sanguineous,  with  two  broad  fuscous  bands,  aiitemedian 
and  postmediau,  the  inner  and  lower  face  sanguineous,  the  whole  geuic- 
ulation  black,  preceded  by  a  lemon-yellow  annulus;  hind  tibiae  black 
at  base,  beyond  iiavo-luteous,  often,  with  the  exception  of  a  post-basal 
annulus,  more  or  less  olivaceous,  the  spines,  excepting  their  anterior 
base,  black.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  wholly  black  ;  supraanal  plate 
long  triangular,  with  slightly  convex  sides,  the  surface  transversely 
arched,  with  a  pair  of  approximate,  slight,  longitudinal  ridges,  meeting 
rather  abruptly  beyond  the  middle  and  inclosing  a  shallow  basal 
sulcus,  the  sides  of  the  plate  with  a  median,  transverse,  pyramidal 
tubercle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  distant,  very  slight, 
triangular  projections,  overlying  the  submedian  ridges;  cerci  very 
short,  small,  rather  stout,  twisted  a  half  circle,  apically  depressed  and 
the  tip  bluntly  rounded ;  infracercal  plates  of  exceptional  size,  very  broad 
at  base,  gradually  narrowing  and  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal 
plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  24.25  mm.,  female,  29  mm.;  antennae,  male,  14 
mm.,  female,  13  mm.;  tegmiua  (long-winged),  male,  21  mm.,  female,  23.5 
mm.;  (short-winged),  male,  5  mm.,  female,  G  mm.;  hind  femora,  male, 
13.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Six  males,  11  females.  Missouri  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  723].— Eiley  collec- 
tion; L.  Bruner);  De  Soto,  Jefferson  County,  Missouri,  July  8,  T.  Per- 
gande  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  723]);  Washington  County, Texas,  June  (Bruner); 
Dallas,  Texas  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  723]);  Manor,  Travis  County,  Texas,  July 
13,  E.  Hill  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  723]).  It  is  said  by  Bruner  to  occur  also  in 
southeastern  Nebraska,  southern  Iowa,  and  Illinois. 

I  have  retained  the  name  quercus  rather  than  longipennis  for  this 
species  for  several  reasons:  It  was  first  called  by  this  name  both  by 
Eiley  and  Bruner;  it  was  first  described  in  its  earlier  stages  under  this 
name  by  Packard  (copying  Bruuer's  description,  which  was  unaccom- 
panied by  a  name);  and  the  name  is  a  far  more  fitting  one  than  Jongi- 
pennis,  considering  that  the  insect  appears  both  in  brachypterotis  and 
macropterous  forms,  and  that  it  is  normally  brachypterous,  as  the  basal 
divergence  of  the  tegmina  shows.  It  may  also  be  called  a  mistake  (in 
which  entomologists  generally  have  erred,  myself  among  them)  to  give 
any  species  of  Orthoptera  a  name  derived  from  the  length  or  brevity  of 
the  tegmina.  On  the  other  hand,  indubitably  the  species  was  first  fully 
described  from  mature  examples  under  the  name  longipennis,  a  name 
given  by  Riley  on  the  assumption  that  it  was  distinct  from  his  earlier 
named  quercus.  As  both  names  were  given  by  the  same  naturalist,  no 
personal  question  enters,  and  I  trust  that  in  this  settlement  of  the  ques- 
tion at  its  first  raising  all  will  agree. 


94  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

Our  knowledge  of  the  natural  history  of  this  species  depends  almost 
entirely  upon  what  Bruner  wrote  in  his  first  account  of  it  in  1887, 
before  it  was  named.  He  found  it  in  destructive  numbers  in  Washing- 
ton County,  Texas,  feeding  upon  the  post  oak  and  a  completely  defoli- 
ating the  trees  of  the  forest  even  to  the  very  topmost  twigs.77  He  gives 
the  following  account  of  its  history  and  habits: 

The  egg  pods  are  deposited  in  the  ground  about  the  bases  of  trees  or  indifferently 
scattered  abont  the  surface  among  the  decaying  leaves,  etc.,  like  those  of  all  other 
ground-laying  species.  The  young  commence  hatching  about  the  middle  of  March, 
and  continue  to  appear  until  into  April.  After  molting  the  first  time  and  becoming 
a  little  hardened  they  immediately  climb  np  the  trunks  of  the  trees  and  bushes  of 
all  kinds  and  commence  feeding  upon  the  new  and  tender  foliage.  They  molt  at 
least  five  or  six  times,  if  we  may  take  the  variation  in  size  and  difference  in  the 
development  of  the  rudiments  of  wings  as  a  criterion.  The  imago  or  mature  stage 
is  reached  by  the  last  of  May  or  during  the  first  part  of  June. 

The  species  is  very  active  and  shy  in  all  its  stages  of  growth  after  leaving  the  egg. 
The  larva  and  pupa  run  up  the  trunks  and  along  the  limbs  of  trees  with  considerable 
speed,  and  in  this  respect  differ  considerably  from  all  other  species  of  locusts  with 
which  I  am  acquainted.  I  am  informed  that  the  mature  insects  are  also  equally 
wild  and  fly  like  birds.  They  feed  both  by  day  and  night;  and  I  am  told  by  those 
who  have  passed  through  the  woods  after  night,  when  all  else  was  quiet,  that  the 
noise  produced  by  the  grinding  of  their  jaws  was  not  unlike  the  greedy  feeding  of 
swine. 

The  colors  of  the  insect  in  life  during  the  early  stages  are  given  in 
the  same  place  by  Bruner  and  copied  by  Packard. 
Kiley  had  previously  reared  the  species  in  Missouri  on  oaks. 

21.  PODISMA. 
(Ilodidjuo?,  measuring  by  feet.) 

Podisma  LATREILLE,  Cuvier,  Regne  Anirn.,  V  (1829),  p.  188. 
Fezotettix  BURMEISTER,  Germar,  Zeitschr.  Ent.,  II  (1840),  p.  51. 

Form  of  body  and  of  head  as  in  Melanoplus;  antennae  as  there,  but 
rarely  (Podisma  variegata,  e.  g.)  they  are  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Prouotum  variable,  but  always  short,  sometimes  subcylindrical,  some- 
times (and  especially  in  the  female)  expanding  considerably  from  in  front 
backward,  never  mesially  contracted,  generally  with  very  feeble  trans- 
verse sulci,  the  lateral  lobes  obliquely  truncate  apically  on  the  anterior 
section;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  usually  subtruucate  or 
truncate  and  even  emarginate,  but  sometimes  also  very  obtusaugulate, 
the  prozona  generally  considerably  longer  than  the  metazona,  sometimes 
twice  as  long,  smooth  or  very  faintly  punctate,  the  metazona  generally 
very  densely  punctate;  median  cariua  distinct,  but  sometimes  slight  on 
the  metazona,  generally  feeble  sometimes  obsolete  on  the  prozoua;  lat- 
eral carinae  very  variable,  the  disk  sometimes  passing  quite  insensibly 
into  the  lateral  lobes,  sometimes  so  abruptly  and  angularly  as  to  form 
tolerably  distinct  lateral  carinae.  Prosternal  spine  always  prominent, 
generally  bluntly  conical;  meso-  and  metastethia  together,  at  least  in 
the  male  and  nearly  always  in  both  sexes,  distinctly  longer  than  the 
width  of  the  metastethium,  the  latter  narrowing  posteriorly,  so  that  the 


NO.  1124.  EE  VIS  ION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC  UDDER.  95 


portion  behind  the  metasternal  lobes  is  not  (or  is  hardly)  more  than 
half  the  greatest  width  of  the  metastethiuin  and  is  twice  as  broad  as 
long;  interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes  of  male  distinctly  trans- 
verse,1 as  broad  or  almost  as  broad  as  the  lobes  themselves;  of  the 
female  distinctly  or  strongly  transverse,  often  fully  twice  as  broad  as 
long,  generally  as  broad  as  and  sometimes  broader  than  the  lobes  them- 
selves; metasternal  lobes  of  male  generally  distinctly  distant,  occa- 
sionally approximate,  never  attingent;  of  the  female  generally  more  dis- 
tant, the  interspace  in  the  latter  sex  generally  as  broad  as  or  broader 
than  the  frontal  costa.  Tegmina  never  fully  developed,  often  wholly 
wanting,  and  when  present  either  lateral,  and  then  generally  shorter 
than  the  short  pronotum,  or  else  attingent  or  overlapping,  and  then  at 
most  reaching  the  middle  of  the  hind  femora,  and  usually  subacuminate. 
Hind  femora  moderately  long  and  slender,  the  inferior  geuicular  lobe 
as  in  Melanoplus  and  the  spines  of  the  hind  tibiae  generally  rather  fewer 
than  in  that  genus,  nine  to  eleven,  by  exception  eight  or  twelve,  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  more  or  less  compressed,  the 
sides  of  the  first  segment  with  or  (in  some  apterous  Old  World  forms) 
without  a  distinct  tympanum,  the  extremity  in  the  male  more  or  less 
clavate  and  recurved;  subgenital  plate  of  very  variable  form,  often 
prolonged  to  a  distinct  apical  conical  tubercle  involving  the  apical 
margin,  the  lateral  margins  basally  ampliate;  cerci  very  variable,  but 
to  a  less  degree  than  in  Melauoplus,  not  infrequently  styliform,  of  vari- 
able length;  furcula  usually  developed,  but  only  at  most  to  a  small 
degree;  ovipositor  of  female  variable,  typically  exserted,  but  sometimes 
exceptionally  extended  and  at  others  partially  withdrawn  in  the  then 
obtusely  terminating  abdomen. 

The  limits  between  this  genus  and  Melanoplus  are  difficult  to  formu- 
late; while  there  is  no  difficulty  in  separating  the  bulk  of  the  species 
in  either  group,  there  are  a  number  which  find  their  place  almost 
equally  well  in  either.  I  have  here  attempted  to  state  anew  the  char- 
acters first  expressed  by  Stal,  though  with  such  necessary  modifica- 
tions and  expansions  as  a  far  larger  series  of  forms  entails.  I  can 
hardly  hope  that  the  conclusions  I  have  reached  will  be  sustained  at 
every  point,  but  I  am  confident  that  they  must  hold  in  the  main.  In 
doubtful  cases  I  have  endeavored  to  determine  the  affinities  from  the 
concurrent  study  of  both  sexes  and  not  from  either  alone,  which  would 
have  brought  about  other  and  sometimes  discordant  results;  and  I 
have  assigned  the  greatest  weight  to  the  intervals  between  the  sternal 
lobes. 

As  I  have  here  employed  a  different  generic  term  from  that  in  cur- 
rent use  in  literature,  I  submit  the  following  cogent  reasons  for  the 
necessity  of  the  change: 

The  generic  name  Podisma  was  proposed  in  a  Gallic  form  (Podisme) 


1 A  single  exception  is  known  to  ine  in  the  subapterous  Japanese  Podisma  dairixama, 
where  it  is  slightly  longitudinal. 


96  'PRO GEE DINGS  OF  THE  NA TIONA L  MUSE UM. 


by  Latreille  lin  1825  for  short- winged  Acridians  with  a  prosternal  spine, 
without  specification  of  species.  Its  next  use  was  by  the  same  author 
in  1829 2  in  its  proper  Latin  form,  and  the  European  species  now  known 
as  Pezotettix  pedestris  and  Platypliyma  giornae  referred  to  it.  The  same 
two  species,  and  these  only,  are  again  referred  to  Podisma  by  Serville3 
in  1831,  and  to  the  same  as  a  subgenus  of  Acridium  by  the  same  writer 
in  1839.4  Burin eister,5  however,  in  1840,  refers  these  same  species,  and 
these  only  to  a  new  genus  Pezotettix,  to  which  he  gives  as  a  synonym 
"Podisma  Latreille  ex  parte:"  In  Burmeister's  view  the  other  portion 
of  Latreille's  genus  included  such  species  as  Stenobothrus  parallelus 
and  Chrysochraon  dispar.6  But  these  latter  species  are  excluded  by 
Latreille's  definition,  and  in  his  writings  I  can  not  find  that  he  has  ever 
mentioned  any  other  species  as  appertaining  to  the  genus  than  the  two 
first  mentioned  above. 

The  only  other  authors  who  had  at  this  time  employed  the  term  were 
Brulle 7  in  1832,  who  (as  quoted  by  Fischer)  referred  to  it  only  species 
of  Stethophyma  and  Stenobothru*]  Heyer,8  who  in  1835  (?)  employed  it 
for  Chrysochraon  dispar;  Stephens,9  who  in  1835  had  referred  pedestris 
only  to  it;  and  Costa,10  who  in  1836  had  referred  to  it  four  supposed 
new  species — appulum,  campanum^  calabrum,  and  coimnnnis,  the  first 
two  of  which  are  now  regarded  as  synonyms  of  Acridium  aegyptium  L., 
the  third  as  probably  a  Pamphagus,  and  the  last  as  giornae.  In  view 
of  the  limitation  of  the  genus  by  Serville  (if  Latreille  ever  intended 
its  greater  extension),  this  action  of  Brulle  and  of  Costa  has  no  force, 
and  hence,  if  the  name  Pezotettix  can  be  retained  at  all,  it  must  be  by 
regarding  one  of  the  two  original  species  as  the  type  of  Pezotettix^  the 
other  of  Podisma. 

As  far  as  I  can  discover,  the  first  author  to  refer  the  two  species  to 
distinct  genera  was  Fieber,11  who  in  June,  1853  referred  giornae  to  his 
new  genus  Pelecyelus,  and  pedestris  to  Podisma.  Also  in  1853,  but 
later,  his  introduction  being  dated  November,  H.  Fischer12  referred  the 
former  species  to  his  new  genus  Platypliyma  and  the  latter  to  Pezotettix. 
Fischer  has  been  generally  followed,  but  it  is  plain  that  Platypliyma 
must  give  way  to  Pelecyclus,  which  in  its  turn  must  yield  precedence  to 
Pezotettix^  of  which  giornae  becomes  the  type,  while  pedestris  becomes 
the  type  of  Podisma. 

'Fam.  Nat.,  p.  415. 
sCuvier,  Regue  Auim.,  V,  p.  188. 
sRev.  Me"th.  Orth.,  pp.  98-99. 
•'Hist.  Nat,  Orth.,  pp.  <  79-681. 
f  Germar,  Zeitschr.  Ent.,  II,  p.  51. 

^Compare  Handb.  Ent.,  II,  p.  650,  where  "Podisma  Latreille  ex  parte"  is  giveii  as 
the  equivalent  of  certain  unnamed  divisions. 
7Exp.  Horde. 

''Germar,  Faun.  Ins.,  fasc.  17. 
»Illustr.,  Hand.,  VI,  p.  29. 
10Faun.  Reg.  Nap.,  pp.  43-48. 
11  Lotos,  III,  p.  119. 
12 Orth.  Eur.,pp.  369,374. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  97 


The  early  use  of  the  term  Podisma  previous  to  1853  and  after  1829 
(other  than  given  above)  also  sufficiently  confirms  the  appropriateness 
of  restoring  Podixma  for  the  species  now  generally  included  in  Pezotettix; 
for  Fischer  de  \Valdheim1  in  1840  used  it  for  six  species,  of  which  the 
first  three  belong  to  Pezotettix  of  modern  writers,  the  next  two  to 
Chrysochraon,  while  the  last  is  not  recognizable;  von  Borck  in  18482 
refers  to  it  pedestris  and  frigida;  and  finally  H.  Fischer  himself  first 
used  it  in  1849 3  forfrigida.  His  reasons  later4  for  supplanting  Podisma 
by  rezotettix  can  not  be  defended. 

The  type  of  Podisma  is  therefore  Gryllus  pedestris  Linnaeus. 

This  genus  is  more  widely  extended  than  any  other  of  the  Melanopli, 
being  the  only  one  not  confined  to  America.  It  is  a  distinctly  boreal 
type  and  encircles  the  globe.  The  species  are  largely  confined  to  high 
altitudes  as  well  as  high  latitudes,  a  number  being  alpine  or  snbalpiue  in 
their  respective  localities.  In  this  country  the  species  are  known  from 
two  widely  separated  regions;  in  the  west,  the  Rocky  Mountain  region 
from  Alberta  to  northern  New  Mexico;  and  in  the  east  from  western 
Ontario  and  New  York  to  Maine.  In  Europe  they  are  largely  confined 
to  the  mountains  of  southern  Europe  from  the  Pyrenees  to  Mount  Par- 
nassus or  to  Scandinavia;  in  Asia  their  distribution  is  less  known, 
but  species  occur  in  eastern  Siberia  and  in  Japan. 

In  the  following  pages  I  have  fully  described  only  the  American 
species,  which  are  first  treated  separately;  but  I  have  thought  well  to 
complete  the  account  of  the  Melanopli  by  including  the  Old  World 
species  as  far  as  possible,  figuring  their  abdominal  appendages,  giving 
a  separate  table  for  their  determination,  and  adding  brief  diagnoses  of 
two  species  which  are  unpublished.  Their  synonomy  and  distribution 
are  mostly  compiled  from  Brunner's  Prodromus  Eur.  Orthopteren. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE    AMERICAN    SPECIES   OF   PODISMA. 

A1.  Tegraina  wanting;  upper  valves  of  ovipositor  elongate,  straight,  only  faintly 
falciform  apically;  hind  border  of  pronotum  truncate  or  feebly  emarginate. 

6'.  Hind  femora  almost  uniformly  green ;  furcula  of  male  extending  over  the  su- 
praaual  plate  by  twice  the  length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment ;  cerci  relatively 
stout,  in  the  middle  distinctly  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base. 

I.glaciali8(p.98). 

bz.  Hind  femora  conspicuously  fasciate  with  fuscous;  fnrcnla  of  male  extending 
over  the  supraaual  plate  by  not  more  than  the  length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment; 
cerci  very  slender,  in  the  middle  distinctly  less  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base. 

2.  rariegata  (p.  101). 

A*.  Tegmina  present,  abbreviate;    upper  valves  of  ovipositor  distinctly  falciform 
apically. 

&1.  Hind  border  of  pronotum  distinctly  angulate;  tegmina  overlapping,  generally 
distinctly  longer  than  the  pronotum. 

o1.  Tegmina  distinctly  overlapping,  much  longer  than  the  pronotum;  male  cerci 
short  and  broad,  hardly  if  at  all  moro'fchnn  twice  as  long  as  the  middle  breadth; 
subgenital  plate  as  seen  from  behind  more  or  less  broadly  truncate. 


I0rth.  Russ.,  pp. 249-253.  :lir>  J.ihresb.  Mannh.  ver.  nat.,  p.  38. 

3Skaml.  riitv.  ins.  nat.  hist.,  pp.  87-92.          4Orth.  Eur.,  p.  365,  note. 

Proc.  IS".  M.  vol.  xx 7 


98  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

d1.  Male  cerci  straight  as  seen  laterally;  furcula  feebly  developed,  no  longer 
than  the  last  dorsal  segment  from  which  it  springs ;  hind  tibiae  uniform  red. 

3.  nuUcola  (p.  102). 

d2.  Male  cerci  arcuate  as  seen  laterally ;  furcula  well  developed,  crossing  fully 
a  third  of  the  supraanal  plate ;  hind  tibiae  red  with  a  broad  pale  basal 

annulus 4.  stupefacta  (p.  104). 

c2.  Tegmina  faintly  overlapping,  scarcely  if  any  longer  than  the  pronotum; 
male  cerci  slender,  many  times  longer  than  the  middle  breadth;  subgenital 

plate  as  seen  from  behind  broadly  conical,  acute 5.  dodgei  (p.  105). 

&2.  Hind  border  of  pronotum  broadly  rounded  or  subtruncate,  not  angulate ;  teg- 
mina  at  most  subattiiigent,  generally  distinctly  separated,  no  longer  or  scarcely 
longer  than  the  pronotum. 

c1.  Furcula  not  more  than  a  fourth  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital 
plate  with  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  in  the  same  horizontal  plane ;  inter- 
space between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  fully  or  more  than  half  as  broad  again 
as  long. 
d1.  Cerci  of  male  slender,  many  times  longer  than  the  middle  breadth;  hind 

tibiae  pale  red 6.  ascensor  (p.  107). 

d3.  Cerci  of  male  broad,  hardly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the  middle  breadth ; 

hind  tibiae  fusco-glaucous 7.  marshaUii  (p.  108). 

c2.  Furcula  nearly  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate ;  subgenital  plate  apically 
elevated;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  less  than  half  as  broad 
again  as  long 8.  oregonensis  (p.  110). 

i.  PODISMA  GLACIALIS. 
(Plate  VII,  Fig.  3.) 

Pezotettix  gladalis  SCUDDER!,  Bost.  Journ.  Nat.  Hist.,  VII  (1863),  pp.  630-631, 
pi.  xiv,  figs.  9,  10.— SMITH,  Proc.  Portl.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1868),  p.  149.— 
THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  148.— SCUDDER!,  Hitchc., 
Rep.  Geol.  N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p.  374,  pi.  A,  figs.  5,  10.— STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv. 
Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  no.  9  (1878),  p.  15.— GIRARD,  Traits  616m.  d'ent.,  II 
(1879),  p.  246.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Couim.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— RILEY, 
Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  p.  202.— FERNALD,  Orth.  N.  E.  (1888),  p.  29; 
Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  p.  113.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII 
(1894),  p.  106. 

Podisma  glacialis  WALKER,  Cat.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  Snppl.,  V  (1871),  p.  72. 

Pezotettix  borealis  GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  vi,  figs.  16-18. 

Dark  olivaceous  green  above,  greenish-yellow  beneath  in  life,  often 
in  drying  becoming  ferruginous,  clothed  thinly  with  rather  long  pile. 
Head  yellowish  green  with  a  greenish  streak  down  the  middle  of  the 
frontal  costa,  above  dark  olivaceous  green;  labiuin,  maxillae,  tip  of 
labrum,  and  of  clypeus  pale  bluish  white,  the  palpi  yellow  with  the  termi- 
nal joint  apically  rimmed  with  brown,  the  mandibles  black  at  tip  and 
extreme  base;  vertex  gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated  above  the  prouotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  as  broad  (male)  or  twice  as  broad 
(female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  moderately  declivent, 
straight,  and  not  arcuate,  in  the  male  lying  below  the  upper  level  of  the 
eye  so  as  to  be  hidden  on  a  side  view,  shallowly  (male)  or  very  shal- 
lowly  (female)  sulcate,  broadening  anteriorly,  especially  in  the  male; 
frontal  costa  percurrent  or  almost  percurreut,  equal,  as  broad  as  (male) 
or  distinctly  narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEB.  99 


sulcate  throughout  at  least  in  the  female  and  rather  deeply  below  the 
ocellus,  very  feebly  and  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  of  moderate  size, 
moderately  prominent  especially  in  the  male,  not  at  all  elongate,  but  as 
long  (male)  or  almost  as  long  (female)  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the 
genae;  antennae  yellowish  brown,  paler  below,  darkest  at  tip,  greenish 
toward  the  base,  almost  as  long  (male)  or  three-fourths  as  long  (female) 
as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotuin  subequal,  faintly  constricted  inesially 
in  the  male,  and  faintly  (male)  or  slightly  (female)  expanding  on  the 
metazoua,  dark  olivaceous  green,  the  lateral  lobes  bright  greenish  yel- 
low below,  with  the  principal  sulcus  marked  in  black  and  terminating 
below  in  a  small  black  spot;  above  with  a  broad  piceous  postocular 
band  which  traverses  the  head  and  pronotum,  expanding  posteriorly 
on  the  nietazona  and  continued  interruptedly  on  the  abdomen  as  a 
series  of  dark  .trans  verse  streaks  at  the  base  of  the  segments;  disk  of 
pronotum  strongly  convex,  passing  insensibly  into  the  vertical  lateral 
lobes;  median  carina  feeble,  dull,  percurrent,  equal;  front  margin 
faintly  convex  with  a  minute  mesial  emargination;  hind  margin  sub- 
truncate  with  a  broad  but  very  feeble  emargination;  prozona  longitu- 
dinal (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  faintly 
punctate  or  smooth  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short,  blunt,  conical; 
interspace  between  mesosterual  lobes  somewhat  less  than  half  as  broad 
again  as  long  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  long,  about  as  broad 
as  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  approximate  (male)  or 
almost  as  distant  as  the  mesosternal  (female);  prosternum  dusky,  the 
spin e  tipped  with  brown,  the  rest  of  the  sternum  greenish  yellow.  Teg- 
rnina  wanting.  Fore  and  middle  femora  very  tumid  in  the  male,  dis- 
tinctly shorter  than  in  the  female;  hind  femora  rather  slender, 
compressed,  yellowish  grass  green,  broadly  but  very  obscurely  bifas- 
ciate  with  dark  olivaceous  green,  the  under  surface  and  lower  half  of 
inner  surface  coral  red,  the  geniculation  black;  hind  tibiae  green,  the 
spines  black  nearly  to  their  base,  eight  to  eleven,  usually  nine  to  ten, 
in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  hardly  (male)  or  distinctly 
(female)  compressed,  with  a  distinct  though  dull  median  cariua,  dark 
olivaceous  green  (female)  or  as  described  below  (male),  the  sides  of  the 
first  segments  with  a  distinct  tympanum,  the  extremity  in  the  male  a 
little  clavate,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with 
acutangulate  apex,  the  sides  inesially  contracted  and  but  slightly  ele- 
vated, the  median  sulcus  distinct,  deep,  percurrent  between  rather 
stout  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  very  slender 
and  tapering,  acuminate  black  spines,  crossing  the  basal  fifth  or  less  of 
the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  black,  long,  erect,  externally  tumid  except  at 
the  dimpled  apex,  not  strongly  compressed,  tapering  in  the  basal  half 
to  two-thirds  the  basal  breadth,  beyond  feebly  expanding  to  a  very 
slight  degree,  apically  rounded  but  inferiorly  angulate,  the  whole  a 
little  longer  than  the  supraanal  plate  and  straight,  being  neither  arcu- 
ate nor  incurved;  subgenital  plate  very  short  and  broad,  broadly 


100  PEOCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


conical,  ending  in  a  blunt  but  not  large  tubercle,  the  apical  margin 
scarcely  elevated,  angulate,  entire. 

The  colors  of  the  above  description,  which  are  taken  from  life,  are, 
unless  otherwise  specified,  drawn  entirely  from  the  female,  as  the  sexes 
differ  considerably.  The  male  differs  in  the  following  particulars:  The 
front  of  the  head  and  the  pronotuin  are  more  yellowish,  the  prosterimm 
black,  the  spine  uniform  pale  green,  the  meso-  and  metasterna  bright 
green,  the  sternum  of  the  abdomen  yellowish-green,  slightly  paler  than 
the  thorax,  with  the  basal  border  of  the  segments  broadly  bordered 
with  black  and  the  apical  narrowly  with  fuscous;  the  whole  dorsal 
surface  of  the  abdomen  is  black  with  a  mediodorsal  series  of  yellowish- 
green  spots  and  a  triangular  spot  of  the  same  between  the  middle  and 
hind  coxae;  a  lateral  row  of  greenish-yellow  spots  on  the  first  eight 
abdominal  segments,  each  with  a  dark  arcuate  streak  above  it,  opening 
toward  the  brownish  spiracles. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  26  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  9.25  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Twenty-one  males,  37  females.  Maine  (U.S.N.M.  [No.724], — Eiley  col- 
lection); Magalloway  Eiver,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  Sanborn  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Speckled  Mountain,  Oxford  County,  Maine, 
2,000  feet  ( !),  S.  I.  Smith ;  same  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  Mount  Kearsarge,  New 
Hampshire, 3,250  feet  (A.  P.  Morse);  Presidential  Range,  White  Moun 
tains,  New  Hampshire,  4,000  to  5,400  feet  (S.  H.  Scudder;  Museum 
Comparative  Zoology;  A.  P.  Morse);  Grey  lock,  Berkshire  County, 
Massachusetts,  3,500  feet  (A.  P.  Morse;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Mount  Marcy, 
Adiroodacks,  New  York,  5,400  feet,  F.  G.  Sanborn;  Chateaugay  Lake, 
Adirondacks,  New  York,  2,000  feet,  F.  C.  Bowditch;  Sudbury,  Ontario, 
Canada,  about  1,000  feet. 

Excepting  Jackmau,  Maine  (Harvey),  the  only  other  place  from  which 
it  has  been  reported  is  "British  America"  (Bruner),  but  without  further 
specification  Professor  Bruner  now  thinks  this  was  a  mistake.  "  Mr. 
Morse  tells  me  that  he  has  specimens  taken  on  Kataadn,  Maine,  5,200 
feet. 

In  the  White  Mountains  1  have  found  this  grasshopper  from  the 
neighborhood  of  the  snow  arch  in  Tuckermans  Ravine  (about  4,000 
feet)  to  the  base  of  the  rocky  slopes  on  the  side  of  Mount  Washington 
above  the  Alpine  Garden,  and  at  the  summit  of  Mount  Madison  (5,380 
feet)  at  about  the  same  elevation.  I  have  also  taken  it  at  the  upper 
limits  of  Huntingtons  Ravine  and  about  the  ledge  on  the  carriage  road. 
It  frequents  the  close  branches  of  the  dwarf  birch,  Betula  nana,  and  is 
rarely  or  never  seen  on  the  ground. 

Of  the  European  insects,  it  is  most  nearly  allied  to  Pod.  baldensis,  but 
is  a  considerably  larger  insect,  with  heavier  and  stouter  cerci  and  slen- 
derer and  longer  furcula. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SQUT)D$fts.',  j«,  ;, 

'•;•/••;:.,::!''   •"  ':'•.  ;  V  \t--t-r 

2.  PODISMA  VARIEGATA,  new  species. 

(Plate  VII,  fig.  4.) 
Pezotettix  glacialis  COMSTOCK!,  Intr.  Ent.,  1888,  p.  107. 

Pallid  testaceous  with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  variegated  with  dark  glis- 
tening fuscous  or  chocolate  brown  in  which  also  an  olivaceous  tinge 
may  be  detected,  pilose.  Head  pallid  olivaceo-testaceous,  blotched 
with  olivaceo-fuscous  on  the  genae,  and  heavily  infu seated  above,  with 
a  broad  postocular  olivaceo-fuscous  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid, 
slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
a  little  broader  than  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first  anten- 
nal  joint;  fastigium  considerably  declivent,  straight,  and  not  arcuate, 
in  the  male  lying  below,  in  the  female  at,  the  upper  level  of  the  eyes 
so  as  not  to  be  wholly  seen  on  a  side  view,  a  little  sulcate,  abruptly 
and  angularly  expanded  a  little  anteriorly;  frontal  costa  failing  to 
reach  the  clypeus,  subequal,  but  faintly  contracted  at  the  ocellus  and 
as  faintly  expanding  between  the  antennae,  as  broad  as  (male)  or  slightly 
narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  except- 
ing above,  sparsely  punctate  above;  eyes  rather  small,  very  prominent 
in  the  male,  but  little  longer  than  broad,  about  as  long  as  (male)  or  a 
little  shorter  than  (female)  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae ;  antennae 
lighter  or  darker  olivaceo-fuscous,  distinctly  longer  in  the  male  than 
the  hind  femora.  „  Pronotum  subequal,  faintly  subselliform  in  the  male, 
expanding  feebly  posteriorly  in  the  female,  the  disk  dull  bronze  oliva- 
ceous in  the  female,  pallid  testaceous  with  a  mediodorsal,  irregular  but 
not  broad,  dark  chocolate  fuscous  stripe  and  dark  transverse  sulci  in 
the  male,  the  lateral  lobes  glistening  pale  testaceous  below,  above  with  a 
very  broad,  percurrent,  glistening  brownish  fuscous  band,  in  the  female 
deeply  tinged  with  olivaceous;  disk  strongly  convex,  passing  insen- 
sibly into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  slight,  percurrent, 
equal ;  front  and  hind  margins  truncate,  the  latter  feebly  emarginate 
mesially ;  prozona  quadrate  in  both  sexes,  sparsely,  feebly,  and  rather 
coarsely  punctate  (particularly  in  the  male  and  posteriorly),  twice 
(male)  or  almost  twice  (female)  as  long  as  the  obscurely,  finely,  and  not 
densely  punctate  metazoua.  Prosternal  spine  short,  blunt,  conical; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  a  little  transverse  and  nearly  or 
quite  as  broad  as  the  lobes  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  as  long,  fully  as 
broad  as  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  approximate  (male) 
or  distant,  but  much  less  so  than  the  mesosternal  (female).  Teg- 
mina  wanting.  Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male 
and  distinctly  shorter  than  in  the  female,  dark  olivaceous;  hind  femora 
flavo-testaceous,  broadly  trifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  besides  a 
blackish  geniculatiou,  the  under  surface  pale  or  dull  coral  red;  hind 
tibiae  bronze  green  or  olive  green,  the  spines  black  almost  from  their 
base,  ten,  rarely  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen 
hardly  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  compressed,  with  a  distinct  median 


102  riiVCZEDlNOS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


carina,  ferrugineo- testaceous,  becoming  lighter  below,  obscurely  punc- 
tate with  fuscous  (female)  or  flavo-testaceous  above,  flavo-olivaceous 
below,  the  sides  heavily  marked  with  glistening  blackish  chocolate 
(male);  sides  of  the  first  segment  with  a  distinct  tympanum;  extrem- 
ity in  the  male  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate 
triangular  with  subrectangulate  apex,  the  sides  scarcely  elevated  and 
feebly  ernarginate  in  the  middle,  the  median  sulcus  moderately  deep, 
percurrent,  subequal,  and  moderately  broad,  raised  much  above  the 
general  surface  by  the  considerable  elevation  of  its  bounding  walls; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  short,  tapering,  black  spinesr 
hardly  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  castaneous,  black- 
tipped,  suberect,  very  long  and  very  slender,  tapering  in  the  basal 
fourth,  beyond  distinctly  less  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base  and  sub- 
equal,  feebly  expanding  apically  solely  by  the  curve  of  the  upper  mar- 
gin, the  apex  inferiorly  angulate,  the  whole  a  little  longer  than  the 
supraanal  plate  and  straight  except  for  being  feebly  incurved;  subgen- 
ital  plate  small,  about  equally  broad  and  long,  its  apex  a  little  tumid, 
the  apical  margin  not  elevated,  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  23.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
10.5  mm.,  female,  8.5+  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  9.25  mm.,  female, 
12.75  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Ithaca,  Tomkins  County,  New  York,  about  400 
feet,  November,  J.  H.  Comstock;  Enfield  Falls,  Toinpkins  County,  New 
York,  about  450  feet  (H.  O.  Woodworth).  The  specimens  were  taken 
in  each  case  on  the  banks  of  streams. 

Since  this  was  written,  E.  M.  Walker  has  sent  me  drawings  of  this 
species  from  specimens  taken  at  De  Grassi  Point  on  Lake  Simcoe,  about 
50  miles  north  of  Toronto,  Canada. 

This  species  differs  from  the  preceding  not  only  in  coloring  and  mark- 
ings, but  in  the  greater  length  of  the  antennae  and  hind  legs,  the  brevity 
of  the  furcula,  and  the  slenderness  of  the  cerci. 

3.  PODISMA  NUBICOLA,  new  species. 

(Plate  VII,  tig.  5.) 

Melanoplus  monticola  BRUNER!  MS.  (pars). 

Cinereo-fuscous.  Head  varying  from  testaceous  to  plumbeous,  more 
or  less  infuscated,  above  blackish  fuscous  in  a  posteriorly  broadening 
mesial  stripe,  a  supraocular  belt  and  a  postocular  baud,  sometimes  ran 
together;  vertex  tumid,  considerably  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  almost  (male)  or  fully  (female)  twice  as 
broad  as  the  first  antennal  joint ;  fastigium  moderately  declivent,  broadly 
and  distinctly  sulcate,  less  deeply  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  fron- 
tal costa  feebly  expanding  and  fading  before  the  clypeus,  faintly  nar- 
rowed above,  slightly  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  narrower  than  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus  (but  feebly 
in  the  female), heavily  punctate  throughout;  eyes  small,  faintly  promi- 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  103 


iient  in  the  male,  no  longer  (male)  or  distinctly  shorter  (female)  than 
the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous  or  luteo  casta- 
neous,  heavily  infuscated  apically,  two-thirds  (male)  or  hardly  half 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  feebly  constricted 
mesially,  ciuereo-fuscous  more  or  less  infuscated,  sometimes  punctate 
with  fuscous,  pilose,  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  distinctly  tumid 
above  and  piceous  or  blackish  fuscous,  the  disk  considerably  convex, 
particularly  on  the  prozona,  and  passing  into  the  sub  vertical  lateral 
lobes  by  a  well-rounded  shoulder,  which  is  distinctly  augulate  on  the 
metazona  only,  forming  blunt  lateral  carinae;  median  cariua  percurrent, 
marked  in  black,  distinct  throughout  but  more  elevated  and  longitudi- 
nally arched  on  the  metazona  and  sometimes  subobsolete  between  the 
sulci;  front  margin  faintly  convex,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the 
angle  well  rounded;  prozona  quadrate,  only  a  little  if  any  longer  than 
the  rather  sparsely  and  shallowly  punctate  metazona.  Prosterual  spine 
short,  very  stout,  appressed  conical,  very  blunt;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  a  little  broader  than  long  (male)  or  fully  half  as  broad 
again  as  long  but  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes 
subattingent  (male)  or  about  half  as  distant  as  the  mesosternal  lobes 
(female).  Tegmina  reaching  to  about  the  middle  of  the  hind  femora, 
overlapping,  rapidly  tapering  but  apically  well  rounded,  cinereo-fuscous 
often  with  a  vinous  tinge,  generally  heavily  flecked  with  blackish  fus- 
cous, particularly  but  not  exclusively  in  the  discoidal  area.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  testaceous  or 
flavo-testaceous,  on  the  upper  half  obliquely  and  rather  broadly  bifas- 
ciate  with  fuscous  or  blackish  fuscous,  besides  a  basal  spot  of  the  same 
and  an  infuscated  or  piceous  upper  genicular  lobe,  the  inferior  face 
flavous;  hind  tibiae  pale  red  brightening  apically,  the  spines  black  in 
their  apical  half,  nine  to  eleven,  usually  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the 
supraanal  plate  triangular  with  acutangulate  apex,  nearly  plane  sur- 
face, with  a  moderately  broad  and  equal  median  sulcus,  gradually 
fading  beyond  the  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very  slender 
tapering  parallel  fingers,  extending  over  the  outer  sides  of  the  subme- 
dian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  about  the  length  of  the  last  dor- 
sal segment;  cerci  stout  and  thick,  subequal,  hardly  tapering  blades, 
about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  nearly  straight  but  faintly  arcuate,  well 
rounded  apically,  very  faintly  twisted  with  a  feeble  sulcation  or  com- 
pression som times  apparent  along  the  upper  outer  margin  of  the  apical 
half;  subgenital  plate  rather  small,  of  about  equal  length  and  breadth, 
the  apical  margin  a  little  elevated,  broadly  truncate  as  seen  from  behind 
and  entire,  a  feeble  ridge  descending  from  each  extremity  of  the  apical 
margin  across  the  apical  face. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  19  mm.;  antennae,  male,  6.25 
mm.,  female,  5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  7.5  mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  hind  fem- 
ora, male,  9.75  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 


104  PEOCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Ten  males,  7  females.  Mount  Lincoln,  Park  County,  Colorado,  above 
timber,  11-13000  feet,  August  13  (S.  H,  Scudder;  L.  Bruner).  [U.S.N.M. 
No.  725,  male  and  female.] 

Bruner  gave  the  unpublished  name  of  Melanoplus  monticola  both  to 
this  species  and  to  M.  montieola,  p.  290.  All  the  specimens  seen  were 
taken  by  myself  in  1877. 

4.  PODISMA  STUPEFACTA. 

(Plate  VU,  fig.  6.) 

Pezotettix  stupefactus  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Engv  1876  (1876),  p.  503; 
Ann.  Rep.  Geol.  Survey  100th  mer,,  1876  (1876),  p.  283.— BRUNER,  Rep. 
U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Cinereo-fuscous.  Head  light  brown  or  yellowish  brown,  the  upper 
half  and  sometimes  the  whole  head  mottled  rather  heavily,  on  the 
top  of  the  head  very  heavily,  with  brownish  fuscous,  often  becoming 
blackish  in  a  median  baud  on  the  top  of  the  head  and  less  distinctly 
above  the  upper  edges  of  the  eyes;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly 
elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  but  little 
broader  than  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first  an- 
tenna! joint;  fastigium  distinctly  sulcate,  most  deeply  in  the  male,  with 
distinct  and  nearly  straight,  raised,  lateral  margins,  which  pass  into 
the  lateral  margins  of  the  frontal  costa;  the  latter  distinctly  punctate 
next  the  margins  like  the  whole  of  the  face,  nearly  equal  but  slightly 
narrower  above,  the  surface  plane  except  for  a  slight,  short,  narrow 
sulcation  at  and  below  the  ocellus;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  not  very 
prominent,  the  front  margin  subtruncate,  rather  longer  (male)  or  dis- 
tinctly shorter  (female)  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae; 
antennae  brownish  yellow,  becoming  dusky  toward  the  tips,  in  the 
female  a  little  more  than  three-fifths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pro- 
notum nearly  plane  above,  the  prozona  with  scarcely  perceptible 
fullness,  and  on  either  side  of  the  median  carina,  at  the  principal  sulcus, 
a  slight  oblique  depression;  the  whole  pronotum  broadens  a  little  and 
regularly  in  passing  backward,  the  posterior  margin  obtusely  and 
roundly  angulate;  median  carina  distinct  though  slight  on  the  meta- 
zona,  inconspicuous  excepting  in  front  on  the  prozona,  and  in  the 
female  nearly  obsolete;  lateral  carinae  distinct,  though  not  prominent; 
surface  profusely  punctate,  almost  rugulose  on  the  metazona;  the  color 
is  brownish-yellow,  darkest  on  dorsum,  and  profusely  flecked  with  darker 
colors;  upper  third  or  half  of  lateral  lobes  with  a  postocular  brownish 
fuliginous  belt,  confined  to  the  prozona,  narrower  at  the  extreme  front; 
transverse  sulcations  distinct,  only  seldom,  and  then  but  slightly, 
marked  with  black.  Prosternal  spine  short  and  very  stout,  very  blunt, 
and  subcylindrical  (male)  or  conical  (female) ;  interspace  between  ineso- 
sternal  lobes  a  little  transverse  (male)  or  half  as  broad  again  as  long 
but  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  approxi- 
mate (female)  or  only  a  little  more  than  half  as  distant  as  the  ineso- 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  105 

sternal  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  fully  half  as  long  as  the  abdomen, 
elongate,  subfusiform,  the  tip  roundly  pointed,  dark  brown,  more  or 
less  variegated  with  yellowish  and  blackish,  the  small  spots  showing  a 
tendency  to  a  longitudinal  arrangement,  most  of  the  veins  light;  wings 
a  little  shorter  than  the  tegmina.  Fore  and  middle  femora  rather 
tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  light  yellowish-brown,  with  a  pair  of 
conspicuous,  submedian,  V-shaped,  dark  brown  or  blackish  bands  exter- 
nally, crossing  the  upper  surface  transversely,  the  extreme  base  and 
tip  marked  with  the  same  color;  hind  tibiae  yellow,  the  spines  black  to 
their  base,  10  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  yellowish 
beneath,  mostly  reddish-brown  above,  deepening  into  black,  the 
extremity  clavate  and  somewhat  upturned  in  the  male,  the  supraanal 
plate  hastate,  strongly  constricted  mesially,  with  elevated  margins  and 
obtusangulate  tip,  the  median  sulcus  narrow,  deep,  and  extending 
almost  to  the  tip ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  large,  parallel,  attingent, 
tapering,  acuminate,  flattened  fingers,  reaching  nearly  halfway  across 
the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  short,  very  broad,  nearly  equal,  strongly 
compressed,  laminate,  the  tip  broadly  rounded,  slightly  incurved,  so 
that  the  outer  margin  is  broadly  convex,  the  inner  shallowly  concave; 
subgeuital  plate  broad  and  short,  narrowing  apically,  the  apical  margin 
abruptly,  slightly,  and  almost  uniformly  elevated  above  the  lateral  mar- 
gins and  set  at  right  angles  with  them,  feebly  notched  mesially. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm. ;  antennae,  male, 
female,  7.5  mm. ;  tegmina,  male,  7.7  mm.,  female,  6.75  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
female,  11.5  ram. 

One  male,  3  females.  Taos  Peak,  Sangre  de  Cristo  Mountains, 
northern  New  Mexico,  13,000  feet,  Lieutenant  W.  L.  Carpenter  (S.  H. 
Scudder;  U.S.N.M.  [No.  726].— Riley  collection);  Colorado,  "Alpine," 
August  (U.S.KM.  [No.  726].— Eiley  collection). 

5.  PODISMA  DODGEI. 
(Plate  VII,  fig.  7.) 

Caloptenm  dodgei  THOMAS!,  Can.  Ent.,  Ill  (1871),  p.  168;  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol. 
Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p.  451,  PL  u,  figs.  4, 5,  9.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth. 
(1872),  PL  xi,  figs.  4,  5,  9. 

Pezotettix  dodgei  THOMAS!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Snrv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  153;  Proc. 
Dav.  Acad.  So.,  I  (1876),  p.  259.— UHLER,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  Ill 
(1877),  p  796.— THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1878,  p.  1845  (1878).— BRUNER, 
Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  IV 
(1884),  p.  57.— RILEY,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  p.  202.— COCKERELL,  Can. 
Ent.,XXIl  (1890).  p.  76. 

Pezotettix  bohemani  STAL!,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Haudl.,  V  (1878),  No.  9,  p.  15. 

Pezotettix  marshallii  SCUDDER  !,  Appal.,  I  (1878),  p.  263. 

Pezotettix  aspirant  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  85-86; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  74-75.— BRUNER,  Rep.U.S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  considerably  broader  than  the  first  antennal 


106  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

joint,  rather  broader  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  fastigiuni  shal- 
lowly  sulcate,  subequal,  the  bounding  walls  low  and  coarse;  frontal 
costa  subequal,  expanding  at  the  base,  very  slightly  sulcate  above, 
more  sulcate  but  not  deeply  below  the  ocellus,  as  broad  as  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  sparsely,  coarsely,  and  biseriately  punctate; 
antennae  about  live  eighths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora,  slightly  longer 
in  the  male  than  in  the  female.  Pronotuui  very  short  and  stout,  sim- 
ple, expanding  a  little  on  the  metazoua;  prozona  quadrate  (male)  or 
transverse  (female),  of  the  same  length  as  the  metazona;  front  margin 
truncate,  hind  margin  gently  angulated,  more  prominently  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male;  median  carina  distinct  but  dull  and  equal  on  the 
metazona,  obsolete  on  the  prozona;  transverse  sulci  of  the  prozona 
unusually  distinct,  continuous ;  lateral  carinae  distinct  but  rounded ; 
disc  punctate,  distantly  and  rather  faintly  on  the  prozona,  abundantly 
and  rather  coarsely  but  still  faintly  on  the  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
short,  stout,  appressed  conical,  blunt,  in  the  female  subtrans verse; 
interspace  between  mesostemal  lobes  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  long 
(male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  long  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes 
approximate  (male)  or  distant  (female).  Tegmina  short  subfusiform, 
scarcely  longer  than  the  pronotum,  about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the 
extremity  produced  but  rounded,  the  inner  edges  not  or  faintly  over- 
lapping. Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably  recurved, 
the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  perhaps  a  little  longer  than  broad,  the 
sides  straight,  the  tip  rounded,  the  surface  subgibbose;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  minute,  triangular,  blunt,  rather  distant  teeth; 
cerci  simple,  regularly  conical,  compressed  at  base,  blunt-tipped,  con- 
siderably shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  sharply 
upturned  and  tumid,  short-conical,  several  times  longer  than  broad,  the 
extremity  just  below  the  entire  apical  edge  produced  to  a  blunt  point. 

The  general  color  is  blackish  griseous,  very  obscurely  mottled  with 
testaceous  above,  dirty  yellow  tinged  with  ferruginous  below;  anten- 
nae pale  red  at  base,  much  infuscated  beyond;  a  quadrate  piceous 
patch  occupies  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  upon  the  prozona, 
followed  immediately  below  by  a  paler  tint,  and  occasionally  edged  on 
the  lateral  carinae  with  dull  testaceous.  Tegmiua  with  some  of  the 
veins  of  the  dorsal  field  (for  the  anterior  field  is  deflected)  testaceous. 
Hind  femora  testaceous,  conspicuously  marked  with  black  at  base  and 
tip,  and  by  two  moderately  broad  transverse  bands,  the  premedian 
angulate;  hind  tibiae  pale  red,  marked  with  fuscous  toward  the  base, 
the  spines  black,  ten  to  twelve,  usually  ten,  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  5.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4  mm.,  female,  5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  8  mm.  female,  8.8  mm. 

Thirty  males,  28  females.    Colorado,  Morrison,  13,000  feet  (S.  Hen 
shaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Colorado,  alpine,  September  (U.S.N.M.— Riley 
collection);  Pikes  Peak,  Colorado,  12,000  to  13,000  feet,  August  24  (S. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  107 

H.  Scudder ;  U.S.N.M.  [No.  727].— Riley  collection) ;  Sierra  Blanca,  Colo- 
rado, 12,000  to  13,000  feet,  August  29;  Georgetown,  Clear  Creek 
County,  Colorado,  8,500  to  9,000  feet,  July  12-13;  North  Park,  Colo- 
rado (L.  Bruner);  Poudre  River,  Colorado,  June  (U,S.N.M. — Riley  col- 
lection); Beaver  Brook,  Jefferson  County,  Colorado,  0,000  feet,  July 
11;  Larainie,  Albany  County,  Wyoming  (L.  Bruner);  Wasateh  Moun- 
tains near  Beaver,  Utah,  August  1-4,  E.  Palmer. 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  the  mountain  sides  in  Clear  Creek 
Canyon.  Colorado  (Uhler),  from  Brush  Creek,  Colorado,  12,000  feet 
(Cockerell),  from  Colorado  (Stal),  and  from  Montana  (Bruner). 

I  formerly  compared  this  insect  to  the  European  Podisma  alplna  var. 
montana,  but  it  should  rather  be  compared  to  Podisma  pedestris  on 
account  of  its  much  shorter  subgenital  plate,  though  in  its  cerci  it  is 
more  nearly  related  to  the  former;  it  can  not  be  confounded  with  either, 
but  is  more  nearly  related  to  Podisma  pedestris  than  to  any  other 
American  type. 

By  the  kindness  of  Doctor  Aurivillius,  of  Stockholm,  I  have  received 
one  of  the  type  specimens  of  StaPs  Pezotettix  bohetnani,  and  been  able 
to  compare  it  with  the  types  of  the  other  nominal  species  mentioned  in 
the  synonymy. 

6.  PODISMA  ASCENSOR,  new  species. 
(Plate  VII,  fig.  8.) 

Pezotettix  dodgei  SCUDDER!,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Sun-,  Terr.,  II  (1876),  p.  261. 
Brownish  testaceous  above,  dull  testaceous  below.  Head  testaceous, 
feebly  olivaceous,  embrowned  above;  vertex  feebly  tumid,  not  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  half  as  broad 
again  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  antenna!  joint; 
fastigium  moderately  declivent,  broadly  and  very  shallowly  sulcate; 
frontal  costa  percurrent,  equal,  a  little  narrower  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  a  little  below  the  ocellus,  faintly 
and  finely  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  not  at  all 
prominent,  similar  in  the  two  sexes,  anteriorly  truncate,  slightly  longer, 
especially  in  the  male,  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  anten- 
nae testaceous,  apically  infuscated,  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora  in  both  sexes.  Pronotum  feebly  and  regularly  expanding  pos- 
teriorly, with  a  more  or  less  broken  and  irregular  piceous  postocular 
band  confined  to  the  prozona,  the  disk  broadly  convex  and  passing  by 
a  rounded  shoulder,  nowhere  forming  distinct  lateral  carinae,  into  the 
anteriorly  tumid  subveitical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  slight,  per. 
current,  subequal  but  slighter  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  inetazona; 
front  border  truncate,  hind  border  rotundato  obtusangulate;  prozona 
longitudinally  (male)  or  transversely  (female)  subquadrate,  slightly 
(male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the  finely  punctate  inetazona. 
Prosternal  spine  of  moderate  length,  stout,  conical,  not  very  blunt; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  long,  but 


108  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

narrower  than  the  lobes  in  both  sexes,  the  metasternal  lobes  approxi- 
mate (male)  or  subapproximate  (female).  Tegmina  distinctly  (male)  or 
scarcely  (female)  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  lateral,  rather  widely  sep- 
arated, subovate  with  rotundato  angulate  costal  margin  and  subacumi- 
nate  apex,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  no  more  tumid 
in  the  male  than  in  the  female;  hind  femora  ferrugineo  testaceous, 
faintly  and  angularly  bifasciate  with  fuscous,  the  under  surface  fiavous, 
the  genicular  arc  broadly  piceous;  hind  tibiae  pale  yellowish  red,  with 
a  fuscous  patellar  spot,  the  spines  black  almost  to  their  base,  ten  to 
eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a 
little  clavate,  slightly  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with 
acutangulate  apex,  the  surface  strongly  but  broadly  tectate,  the  median 
sulcus  broad,  moderately  deep,  with  very  rounded  walls,  percurreut 
but  partially  interrupted  beyond  the  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  rather  slender,  tapering  and  acuminate,  parallel,  approximate 
fingers  a  little  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment,  overlying  the  sub 
median  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  small,  simple,  substyliform, 
a  little  compressed,  considerably  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate, 
blunt- tipped  or  narrowly  truncate;  subgenital  plate  small,  of  about 
equal  length  and  breadth,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  in  the  same 
plane,  entire,  as  seen  from  above  strongly  rounded,  subangulate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  0 
mm.,  female,  6.6  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3.1  mm.,  female,  4.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.     American  Fork  Canyon,  Utah,  A.  S.  Packard. 

This  species  is  the  nearest  allied  of  the  American  forms  to  Podisma 
pedestris  of  Europe,  but  differs  distinctly  from  it  in  the  structure  of 
the  subgenital  plate  and  the  slender  fore  and  middle  femora  of  the 
male. 

7.  PODISMA  MARSHALLII. 
(Plate  VII,  fig.  9.) 

Pezotettix  marsJiallii  THOMAS,  Rep.  Geogr.  Surv.  100th  mer.,V  (1875),  pp.  889- 
890,  pi.  XLV,  fig.  3.— SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p.  86; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  75.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Brownish  fuscous  above,  often  more  or  less  ferruginous,  sordid  tes- 
taceous beneath.  Head  fusco-  or  ferrugineo-olivaceous,  more  or 
less  infuscated  above '(the  infuscatiou  sometimes  confined  to  u  pair  of 
widening  streaks),  with  a  broader  or  narrower  piceous  postocular  band; 
vertex  gently  tumid,  scarcely  or  not  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  twice  (male)  or  nearly  thrice  (female)  as 
broad  as  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  broad,  moderately  decli- 
vent,  scarcely  sulcate;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent,  fading  before  the 
clypeus,  equal,  much  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
pi une,  irregularly  punctate;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  slightly  prominent 
in  the  male,  somewhat  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  dark  castaneous,  becoming  blackish  fuscous  apically,  nearly 
three  fifths  (male)  or  hardly  a  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEK.  109 

Prouotum  subequal,  feebly  expanding  on  the  metazona,  especially  in 
the  female,  the  disk  of  the  prozona  often  enlivened  with  the  lighter 
colors  of  the  face,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona 
occupied  by  a  piceous  patch  or  band,  sometimes  broken  in  the  female, 
the  disk  convex  and  passing  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded 
shoulder,  rarely  angulate,  without  forming  lateral  carinae;  median 
cariua  weak,  percurrent,  subequal,  but  slightly  feebler  on  the  prozona 
than  on  the  metazona;  front  margin  truncate, hind  margin  broadly  rotun- 
date,  occasionally  feebly  angulate  in  the  female;  prozona  slightly  longi- 
tudinal (male)  or  slightly  transverse  (female),  distinctly  longer  than  the 
finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short  and  stout,  scarcely 
tapering,  very  blunt,  appressed;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
fully  half  as  broad  again  as  long  (male)  or  about  twice  as  broad  as 
long,  barely  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes 
approximate  (male)  or  hardly  half  as  distant  as  the  mesosterual  lobes 
(female).  Tegrnina  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  moderately  distant, 
elliptical,  about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  apically  subacuminate,  fusco-fer- 
ruginous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind 
femora  moderately  stout,  testaceous  often  tinged  with  ferruginous,  very 
obliquely  bifasciate  with  fuscous,  generally  interrupted  ou  the  outer  half 
of  the  upper  face,  the  under  face  flavous,  verging  on  orange,  the  gen- 
iculation  more  or  less  infuscated ;  hind  tibiae  dull  greenish,  a  little  paler 
next  the  base,  with  a  fuscous  patellar  spot,  the  spines  black  almost 
to  their  base,  eight  to  eleven,  usually  nine,  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the 
supraanal  plate  long  hastate  with  expanded  base,  roundly  augulate 
sides  and  rectangulate  apex,  the  lateral  margins  considerably  elevated, 
the  median  sulcus  deep  and  conspicuous  between  high  and  sharp  walls, 
terminating  apically  in  a  cochlearate  depression;  furcula  consisting  of 
a  pair  of  slender,  tapering,  acuminate,  divergent  fingers  hardly  a  fifth 
as  long  as  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  rather  broad,  gently  tapering  in 
the  basal  half,  beyond  equal,  apically  rounded,  nearly  straight  except 
for  being  gently  incurved,  less  than  three  times  as  long  as  the  middle 
breadth ;  subgenital  plate  short  and  very  broad,  the  lateral  and  apical 
margins  in  nearly  the  same  plane,  rotundato-angulate  as  seen  from 
above,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  20  mm. ;  amtennae,  male,  6  mm., 
female,  5.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4  mm.,  female,  5.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  11.5  mm. 

Ten  males,  eleven  females.  Mount  Lincoln,  Colorado,  11,000  to  13,000 
feet,  August  13  (S.  H.  Scudder;  [U.S.N.M.  No.  728]).  It  has  also  been 
reported  from  the  "mountains  of  southern  Colorado"  by  Thomas;  and 
by  myself,  but  erroneously,  from  Sierra  Blanca,  Colorado,  and  northern 
New  Mexico ;  for  in  different  papers  I  have  formerly  referred  to  this 
species  what  are  here  described  as  Melanoplus  altitudinum  and  Podisma 
The  present  species  has  a  close  general  resemblance  to  Melano- 
indigens,  extending  to  the  abdominal  appendages  of  the  male. 


110  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

8.   PODISMA  OREGONENSIS. 

(Plate  VII,  fig.  10.) 
Pezotettix  oregonensis  THOMAS,  Rep.  Geogr.  Expl.  100th  mer.,  V  (1875),  pp.  888,^889. 

Of  rather  large  size  for  this  genus,  blackish  fuscous  more  or  less 
ferruginous,  sordid  testaceous  below.  Head  sordid  olivaceous,  much 
suffused  or  sprinkled  with  fuscous,  above  wholly  or  almost  wholly  mius- 
cated,  with  a  broad  piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  feebly 
elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly 
(male)  or  distinctly  more  than  (female)  twice  as  broad  as  the  first 
antennal  joint;  fasti gium  rather  steeply  declivent,  shallowly  and 
broadly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  fading  just 
before  the  clypeus,  equal,  slightly  narrower  than  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  faintly  depressed  at  the  ocellus,  nowhere  sulcate,  rather 
sparsely  punctate  throughout,  biseriately  and  more  heavily  above;  eyes 
moderately  large,  not  prominent,  anteriorly  subtruncate,  a  little  (male) 
or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  rufous,  sometimes  feebly  infuscated  apically,  fully  two-thirds 
(male)  or  a  little  more  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  subequal,  slightly  enlarging  posteriorly  on  the  posterior 
half,  the  sides  with  a  broad  postocular  piceous  band  confined  to  the 
prozona,  less  conspicuous  in  the  female  than  in  the  male  and  often 
broken,  the  disk  rather  broadly  convex  and  passing  into  the  inferioily 
vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  well  rounded  shoulder,  occasionally  showing  a 
blunt  an gulation;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  generally 
very  feeble  on  the  prozona  and  often  subobsolete  between  the  sulci ; 
fron  t  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  very  broadly  convex,  occasionally  sub- 
augulate ;  prozonalongitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  about  a  third 
(male)  or  at  most  a  fourth  (female)  longer  than  the  densely  punctate  meta- 
zona. Prosternal  spine  rather  large  and  stout,  conical  or  subconical, 
bluntly  pointed;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  nearly  (male)  or 
fully  (female)  half  as  broad  again  as  long,  narrower  than  the  lobes;  meta- 
sternal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or  moderately  approximate  (female). 
Tegmina  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  subattingent,  ovate,  apically 
bluntly  acuminate,  at  most  twice  as  long  as  broad,  ferrugineo-fuscous. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
rather  long,  not  very  slender,  testaceous,  more  or  less  but  generally  much 
and  confusedly  infuscated,  not  infrequently  distinctly  and  obliquely 
bifasciate  with  fuscous,  the  lower  face  and  lower  half  of  inner  face 
flavous,  the  geniculation  more  or  less  infuscated ;  hind  tibiae  sordid  pale 
olivaceous,  with  a  fuscous  patellar  annulus,  the  spines  black  nearly 
from  the  base,  eleven  to  twelve,  rarely  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably  clavate,  much  recurved,  the 
supraanal  plate  subtriangular  with  rectangulate  apex,  the  lateral  mar- 
gins strongly  elevated  in  the  basal  half,  the  median  sulcus  moderately 
deep,  fading  beyond  the  middle  of  the  plate,  bounded  by  rather  broad 


NO.  1124.  R E  7ISION  OF  THE  MELA NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  HI 


walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel  or  feebly  divergent,  flat- 
tened, slender,  tapering,  bluntly  acuminate  fingers  nearly  half  as  long 
as  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  subequal  compressed  laminae,  a  little  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  nearly  straight  but  feebly  arcuate  and 
feebly  incurved,  not  so  long  as  the  supraaual  plate,  well  rounded 
apically,  sometimes  feebly  dimpled  apically  on  the  exterior  surface; 
subgenital  plate  of  equal  length  and  breadth,  broadly  subconical,  the 
apical  margin  slightly  elevated  and  subtuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
6.75  mm.,  female,  6.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4.75  mm.,  female,  5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm. 

Fourteen  males,  21  females.  Idaho  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection); 
Henry  Lake,  Idaho,  August  (same;  L.  Bruner);  Yellowstone,  Mon- 
tana (TJ.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta,  August 
(same;  L.  Bruner.)  It  was  originally  described  by  Thomas  from 
Oregon. 

Thomas's  text  refers  to  an  illustration  on  a  plate,  but  another  species 
was  there  substituted  for  it.  His  types  do  not  appear  to  exist,  but  I 
think  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  this  is  his  species,  his  description 
agreeing  exceptionally  well  and  certainly  applying  to  no  other  insect  I 
have  seen.  I  am  also  drawn  to  this  conclusion  by  notes  taken  many 
years  ago  upon  examination  of  his  types. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO   THE   OLD   WORLD   SPECIES   OF   PODISMA. 

A1.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  normal,  as  seen  from  above  at  least  as  long  as  broad, 
apically  narrowing  (Podisma,  s.  s.). 
bl.  Tegmina  absent. 

cl.  Sides  of  first  abdominal  segment  with  no  distinct  tympanum. 
dl.  Disk  of  pronotuui  smooth,  at  least  on  prozona. 

el.  Hind  tibiae  red;  lobes  of  male  furcula  very  distant;  cerci  very  short, 
styliform,  acuminate;  subgenital  plate  not  prolonged  beyond  its  apical 

margin 9.  pedemontana  (p.  112). 

e2.  Hind  tibiae  lutescent;  lobes  of  male  furcula  attingent;  cerci  moder- 
ately long,  subcompressed,  slightly  dilated  apically;  subgenital  plate  pro- 
longed as  a  tubercle  beyond  its  apical  margin 10.  cobellii  (p.  113). 

d2.  Disk  of  pronotum  rugulose  throughout. 

e}.  Hind  femora  pallid  beneath ;  hind  tibiae  rufeecent.. .  11.  costae  (p.  113). 

c2.  Hind  femora  red  or  reddish  beneath;  hind  tibiae  sordid  blue. 

/*.  Pronotum  of  female  enlarging  but  little  posteriorly;   lobes  of  male 

furcula  stout  though  small,  rounded;  subgenital  plate  as  broad  as  long, 

the  apical  margin  broadly  rounded,  with  a  feeble,  indistinct,  and  blunt 

tubercle 12.  parnassica  (p.  113). 

/2.  Pronotum  of  female  enlarging  posteriorly  rapidly  and  considerably; 
lobes  of  male  furcula  slight  and  minute,  elongate;  subgenital  plate  much 
longer  than  broad,  the  apical  margin  angulate,  with  a  small  but  dis- 
tinct and  slightly  elevated  tubercle 13.  pyrenaea  (p.  114). 

c2.  Sides  of  first  abdominal  segment  with  a  distinct  tympanum. 

dl.  Hind  tibiae  flavo-olivaceous ;  lateral  halves  of  last  dorsal  segment  of  male 
widely  separated ;  cerci  tapering  almost  regularly  throughout,  equal  for  a  short 
distance  beyond  the  middle;  subgenital  plate  elongate,  its  apical  margin  sub- 
angulate  as  seen  from  above 14.  salamandra  (p.  114). 


112  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


d*.  Hind  tibiae  reddish ;  lateral  halves  of  last  dorsal  segment  of  male  narrowly 

separated ;  cerci  enlarging  slightly  beyond  the  middle;  subgenital  plate  short, 

its  apical  margin  broadly  rounded  as  seen  from  above..  15.  baldensis  (p.  114). 

62.  Tegmiua  present,  abbreviate;  sides  of  first  abdominal  segment  with  a  distinct 

tympanum. 

c1.  Interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  quadrate  or  faintly  longer 
than  broad ;  abdomen  of  male  not  clavate,  the  cerci  bent  abruptly  inward  at 

right  angles  beyond  the  middle,  the  furcula  obsolete 16.  dairisama  (p.  114). 

c2.  Interspace    between   mesosternal   lobes    of   male   bronder,    generally  much 
broader  than  long;  abdomen  of  male  distinctly  clavate,  the  cerci  gently  incurved 
throughout  or  straight,  the  furcuja  more  or  less  though  feebly  developed. 
d1.  Eyes  of  male  very  prominent;  posterior  margin  of  pronotum  truncate; 
tegmiua  linear  or  sublinear,   lateral;   cerci  of  male  decurved  or  apically 
enlarged,  as  well  as  incurved. 

e1.  Hind  margin  of  pronotum  distinctly  emarginate;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  of  male  twice  as  broad  as  long;  hind  tibiae  greenish; 
furcula  of  male  composed  of  a  pair  of  attingent  projecting  black  points; 
cerci  regularly  tapering,  acuminate,  incurved,  and  decurved;  ovipositor  of 
female  elongate  and  slender,  the  upper  valves  straight.  17.  schmidtii  (p.  115). 
e2.  Hind  margin  of  pronotum  feebly  emarginate;  interspace  between  meso- 
sternal lobes  of  male  only  a  little  broader  than  long;  hind  tibiae  yellow; 
furcula  of  male  composed  of  a  pair  of  scarcely  projecting  distant  lobules; 
cerci  at  first  tapering,  then  enlarging  feebly;  apically  well  rounded;  ovi- 
positor of  female  rather  short  and  stout,  the  upper  valves  normally  falcate. 

18.  fieberi  (p.  115). 

d2.  Eyes  of  male  only  moderately  prominent ;  posterior  margin  of  prouotum 
rounded  or  obtusangulate;  tegmina  broad  elliptical  or  simply  abbreviate;  cerci 
of  male  simple,  tapering  throughout,  straight  or  merely  incurved. 

el.  Pronotum  with  the  transverse  sulci  deeply  impressed,  the  hind  margin 
rounded;  hind  tibiae  blue  or  partly  flavescent;  subgenital  plate  of  male 
greatly  produced,  extending  beyond  the  tip  of  the  supraaiial  plate  by  fully 
the  length  of  the  latter,  and  narrowly  acutangulate  as  seen  from  above; 
cerci  regularly  compressed-conical. 

/'.  Hind  tibiae  cyaneous ;  cerci  of  male  short  and  moderately  stout,  shorter 
than  the  hind  arolia;  tip  of  subgenital  plate  bluntly  rounded. 

19.  pedestris  (p.  116). 

/2.  Hind  tibiae  sordid  violaceous  at  base,  apically  flavescent;  cerci  of  male 
moderately  long,  slender,  longer  than  the  hind  arolia ;  tip  of  subgeuital 

plate  acuminate 20.  alpina  (p.  116). 

c2.  Pronotum  with  the  transverse  sulci  slightly  impressed,  the  hind  margin 
obtusangulate;  hind  tibiae  red;  subgenital  plate  of  male  little  produced, 
extending  beyond  the  supraanal  plate  by  much  less  than  the  length  of  the 
latter,  strongly  rounded  as  seen  from  above;  cerci  laminate,  subequal, 

bluntly  rounded  at  tip • .*.  21.  frigida  (p.  117). 

A2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from  above,  much  broader  than  long,  apically 
broadened,  the  lateral  walls  excessively  tumid  (Eupodisnia). ..  22.  primnoa  (p,  117.) 

9.  PODISMA  PEDEMONTANA. 

(Plate  VIII,  fig.  1.) 
Pezotetlix  pedemontanus  BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  p.  230. 

For  a  figure  of  the  abdominal  appendages  of  this  species,  which  I 
have  not  seen,  I  am  indebted  to  Herr  Josef  Redtenbacher  through 
Hofrath  Brunner  von  Wattenwyl. 

Susa,  Piedmont,  Italy. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  113 


10.  PODISMA  COBELLII. 
(Plate  VIII,  fig.  2.) 

Pezotettix  colellii  KRAUSS,  Verb.  Zool.-Bot.  Ges.  Wien,  XXXIII  (1883),  pp.  222, 

223,  fig.  2. 
Pezotettix  salamandra  COBULLI,  Ort.  Gen.  Trent.  (1883),  p;  15. 

Hofrath  Brunuer  von  Wattenwyl  has  kindly  loaned  me  a  pair  of  this 
little  known  species  for  study  and  illustration. 

Mountains  about  Eoveredo,  Tyrol :— Ciraa  Posta,  Monte  Pasnbio,  6,000 
to  7,000  feet,  and  somewhat  lower;  Sette  Albi. 

ii.  PODISMA  COSTAE. 

Pezotettix  costae  TARGIONI  TOZETTI,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.,  XIII  (1881),  p.  185.— 
BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Ear.  Orth.  (1882),  p.  229. 

I  have  not  seen  this  species,  and  introduce  it  in  the  table  only  by  aid 
of  the  characters  assigned  by  Bruimer. 
Monte  Morrone,  Abruzzo,  Italy. 

12.  PODISMA  PARNASSICA,  new  species. 

(Plate  VIII,  fig.  3.) 
Pezotettix  parnassicus  BRUNNER!,  MS. 

Very  dark  bronze  green,  beneath  dull  testaceous  (male),  or  ferrugineo- 
testaceous,  beneath  dull  flavous  (female),  the  lower  margins  of  the 
lateral  lobes  of  the  color  of  the  under  surface,  the  abdomen  with  a 
slender  dorsal  testaceous  stripe.  Antennae  as  long  as  the  head  and 
pronotum  together.  Frontal  costa  scarcely  depressed  at  the  ocellus, 
fading  before  the  clypeus.  Pronotum  short,  subcylindrical  (male)  or 
feebly  expanding  posteriorly  (female),  pretty  uniformly  and  sparsely 
rugoso-punctate,  slightly  more  finely  on  the  metazona  than  on  the  pro- 
zona;  prozona  transverse,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  metazoua,  its 
transverse  sulci  inconspicuous;  posterior  margin  of  pronotum  truncate, 
the  median  carina  subobsolete,  lateral  carinae  wanting.  Meso-  and  meta- 
nota,  especially  in  the  male,  and  the  dorsum  of  the  basal  abdominal 
segments,  in  the  male  only,  punctate.  Prosternal  spine  blunt  conical ; 
interspace  between  rnesosternal  lobes  quadrate  (male)  or  strongly 
transverse,  fully  as  broad  as  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal 
lobes  subattiugent  (male)  or  distant,  the  interspace  broader  than  the 
frontal  costa  (female).  Tegmiua  wanting.  Hind  femora  olivaceo-testa- 
ceous,  rufous. beneath  in  the  female;  hind  tibiae  lutescent  (male)  or  pale 
green  (female),  the  spines  black-tipped,  eight  to  nine  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Sides  of  first  abdominal  segment  with  no  tympanum; 
extremity  of  male  abdomen  not  clavate  nor  recurved,  the  supraanal 
plate  triangular  with  a  median  sulcus  in  the  basal  half  and  a  broad 
depression  apically ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  distant,  hardly 
elongate,  rounded  lobes  no  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 8 


114  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


small,  styliform,  shorter  than  the  supraaual  plate;    subgenital  plate 
small,  slightly  longer  than  broad,  the  apical  margin  thickened  and  sub 
tuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male,  5.5 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  4.4  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male.  7.25  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Mount  Parnassus,  Greece;  through  the  kind 
communication  of  Hofrath  Brunner  von  Wattenwyl. 

13.  PODISMA  PYRENAEA. 
(Plate  VIII,  fig.  4.) 

Pezotettix  pyrenaea  FISCHER,  Orth.  Eur.  (1853),  p.  373,  pi.  xv,  figs.  22  *,  22  *  a. 
Pezotettix  pyrenaeus  BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  p.  £29. 

For  an  opportunity  of  studying  this  species  I  am  indebted  to  M.  de 
Bormans. 
Pic  du  Midi,  Pyrenees,  France,  9,540  feet. 

14.  PODISMA  SALAMANDRA. 
(Plate  VIII,  fig.  5.) 

..  Pezotettix  salamandra  FISCHER,  Orth.  Eur.  (1853),  pp.  372-373,  pi.  xv,  fig.  22,  22 
a  b  c.— BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  pp.  228-229. 

In  the  mountainous  region  north  and  east  of  the  Adriatic,  Goritz 
and  Adelsberg,Illyria,  the  Draga  Thai  near  Fiume,  Istria  and  Josephs- 
thai,  Croatia.  It  is  found  on  bushes  like  our  P.  glacialis. 

15.  PODISMA  BALDENSIS. 
(Plate  VIII,  fig.  6.) 

Pezotettix  baldensis  KRAUSS,  Verh.  Zool.-Bot.  Ges.  Wien,  XXX  (1883),  pp.  220- 

222,  fig.  1. 
Pezotettix  salamandra  GRABER,  ibid.,  XVII  (1867),  p.  271. 

For  an  opportunity  of  examining  and  figuring  this  species  I  am 
indebted  to  Hofrath  Brunner  von  Wattenwyl. 
Monte  Baldo,  southern  Tyrol,  5,000  feet. 

16.  PODISMA  DAIRISAMA,  new  species. 
(Plate  VIII,  fig.  7.) 

Dark  olive  green,  beneath  dull  flavous.  Frontal  costa  deeply  sulcate, 
subpercurrent,  equal.  Prouotum  subcylindrical,  the  hind  margin  sub- 
truncate,  minutely  emarginate;  prozona  quadrate,  finely  and  sparsely 
punctate 5  metazona  rather  densely  punctate,  hardly  more  than  half  as 
long  as  the  prozona;  median  carina  obsolete,  lateral  carinae  wholly 
wanting;  transverse  sulci  of  prozoua  feebly  impressed;  lateral  lobes 
concolorous  with  disk.  Prosternal  spine  conical,  subacute;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  faintly  longitudinal  (male)  or  transverse, 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  115 


almost  as  broad  as  the  lobes  (female),  the  inner  margins  of  the  lobes 
strongly  rounded,  the  mctasternal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or  distant 
by  nearly  the  breadth  of  the  frontal  costa  (female).  Tegmina  lateral, 
elliptical,  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  no  longer  than  the  pro- 
zona,  ferrugineo-testaceous.  Hind  femora  fusco-olivaceous,  sanguin- 
eous beneath ;  hind  tibiae  feebly  valgate,  green,  the  spines  black-tipped, 
nine  to  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  lighter  in  the 
male  than  in  the  female,  in  the  former  with  a  pair  of  subdorsal,  longi- 
tudinal, oval,  basal,  flavous  spots  on  segments  three  to  eight,  sides  of 
first  segment  with  a  distinct  tympanum,  the  extremity  hardly  clavate 
or  recurved  in  the  male,  the  supraanal  plate  blunt  triangular,  tectate, 
with  broad,  regularly  narrowing,  percurrent  median  sulcus;  furcula 
wanting,  the  lateral  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  segment  rather  distant; 
cerci  moderately  slender,  rather  regularly  tapering,  blunt-tipped, 
abruptly  bent  inward  and  upward  beyond  the  middle;  subgenital  plate 
equally  broad  and  long,  conical,  ending  in  a  blunt  tubercle  prolonged 
beyond  the  apical  margin.  Valves  of  ovipositor  rather  long,  nearly 
straight,  the  upper  pair  sinuate  above,  with  serratulate  margins. 

Length  of  body,  male,  24  mm.,  female,  31.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  5.5  mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3  mm., 
female,  4  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.    Japan  (U.S.N.M.  [No.  729],  through  L.  Bruner). 

17.   PODISMA   SCHMIDTII. 

(Plate  VIII,  fig.  9.) 

Podisma  sckmidtii  FIEBER,  Lotos,  III  (June,  1853),  pp.  119-120. 
Pezotettix  mendax  FISCHER,  Orth.  Eur.  (Nov.,  1853),   pp.  371-372,  pi.  xv,  figs. 
23,23  ab.— BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  pp.  227-228. 

The  publication  of  Fieber's  species  dates  from  1853  (Lotos)  and  not 
from  1854  (Synopsis),  and  antedates  by  several  months  the  description 
of  Fischer,  whose  name  has  been  hitherto  accepted;  for  Fieber's  spe- 
cies was  published  in  the  June  number  of  Lotos,  and  the  preface  to 
Fischer's  work  is  dated  November. 

This  species  occurs,  according  to  Brunner  von  Wattenwyl,  on  hazel 
stalks  and  bramble  bushes. 

Austrian  Alps,  especially  the  southern  side,  from  Transylvania  west- 
ward to  southern  Tyrol  and  the  Swiss  canton  Ticino;  and  in  the  moun- 
tainous region  bordering  the  upper  extremity  of  the  Adriatic,  eastward. 

18.  PODISMA  FIEBERI,  new  name. 
(Plate  VIII,  tig.  8.) 

Pezotettix  schmidtii  URUNNKR,  Verb.  Zool.-Bot.  Ges.  Wien,  XI  (1861),  p.  306,  pi. 
xvi,  figs.  23  A  B;  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  p.  225. 

As  Brunner  points  out,  this  is  not  the  Podisma  schmidtii  of  Fieber 
( 1.S5:$);  but  he  nevertheless  retains  Fieber's  name  for  it,  because  it  was 
first  described  by  himself  under  that  name,  under  the  supposition  that 


116  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

it  was  Fieber's  species,  and  because  Fieber's  schmidtii  and  Fischer's 
mendax  are  the  same.  By  the  ordinary  rules  of  nomenclature,  the 
name  schmidtii,  having  been  applied  to  one  species  of  the  genus  could 
not  subsequently  be  applied  to  another,  even  if  the  first  were  a  syno- 
nym; but  it  is  doubly  incorrect  here,  since  schmidtii  of  Fieber  has  tbe 
priority  over  mendax  of  Fischer.  It  is  therefore  necessary  to  give  the 
present  species  a  new  name. 

This  species  is  found  on  leafy  bushes. 

From  Carniola  eastward  to  Servia,  southern  Hungary,  and  Transyl- 
vania. 

19.  PODISMA  PEDESTRIS. 
(Plate  VIII,  fig.  10.) 

Gryllus  pcdestris  Lixx^us,  Syst.  Nat.,  Ed.  X  (1758),  p.  433. 
Awydium  pedestre  OLIVIER,  Encycl.  Meth.,  VI  (1791),  p.  232. 
Podisma  pedestris  LATRKILLE,  Cuv.  Regne  Anim.,  V  (1829),  p.  188. 
Pezoteitlx  pedeslris  BURMEISTER,  Germ.  Zeitsclir.  Ent.,  II  (1840),  p.  51. — 

FISCHER,  Orth.  Eur.  (1854),  pp.  369-371,  pi.  xv,  figs.  17.  17%  18,  18a.— 

BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  pp.  226-227. 
Acrydium  apterum  DEGEER,  Mem.,  Ill  (1773),  p.  474,  pi.  xxm,  figs.  8,  9. 

In  northern  Europe,  in  Finland,  southern  Sweden,  and  Holstein; 
then  again  farther  south  in  the  high  alps  of  Switzerland,  at  the  Wen 
gern  alp  and  the  Ehone  glacier,  and  in  the  mountains  of  southern  Bava- 
ria and  the  Tyrol;  farther  east  it  comes  down  to  the  hill  country  and 
occurs  from  Carinthia  eastward  to  the  Volga.  South  of  the  alps  it  is 
found  in  southeastern  France,  southern  Tyrol,  and  Sardinia.  Jt  has 
been  incorrectly  reported  from  England. 

20.  PODISMA  ALPINA. 

(Plate  IX,  fig.  1.) 

Gryllus  alpinns  KOLLAR,  Beitr.  Landesk.  Oesterr .,  Ill  (1833),  p.  83. 

Podisma  alpina  FIEBER,  Lotos,  III  (1853),  pp.  119. 

Pezotettix  alpina  FISCHER,  Orth.  Eur.  (1853),  pp.  368-369,  pi.  xv,  figs.  19, 20. 

Pezoteltix  alpmus  BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  pp.  224-225,  pi.  vn,  fig.  53. 

Acridium  pulchellum  HERRICH-SCHAEFFER,  Nomoncl.  I  us.,  II  (1840),  Orth.,  8,  19. 

Podisma  frigidum  FISCHER,  Jahresb.  Mann.  ver.  Natnrk,  XV  (1849),  pp.  38-39. 

Podisma  subalpinum  FISCHER,  ibid.,  XVI  (1850),  p.  27. 

Occurs  in  two  forms :  alpina,  with  tegmina  separate  and  lateral,  found 
in  the  higher  mountains;  and  a  larger,  collina,  with  tegmina  overlap- 
ping, half  as  long  as  the  abdomen. 

P.  a.  alpina  occurs  in  all  the  higher  mountains  of  central  Europe  as 
far  east  as  the  borders  of  Servia.  I  found  it  extremely  abundant  in 
the  alpine  pastures  about  Yillars  sur  Bex,  Canton  de  Yaud,  Switzer- 
land. P.  a.  collina  is  found  from  Carniola  and  the  forest  of  Vienna 
through  southern  Hungary  to  Transylvania. 


so.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  117 

21.  PODISMA  FRIGIDA. 

(Plate  IX,  fig.  2.) 

Ciryllusfrigidua  BOUEMAN,  Overs.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Forh.  (1846),  p.  80. 
Podisma  frigidum  VON  BORCK,  Skand.  Riitv.  Iiis.  Nat.  Hist.  (1848),  pp.  90-92,  pi. 

in,  fig.  2. 

Pezotettix  frigida  FISCHER,  Orth.  Eur.  (1853),  pp.  366-368,  pi.  xv,  fig.  21. 
Pezotettix  (Melanoplus)  frigidua  STAL,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  79. 
Pezotettix  frigidus  BRUNNER,  Prodr.  Eur.  Orth.  (1882),  pp.  223-224. 
Pezotettix  alpicola  FISCHER,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit ,  XIII  (1852),  p.  21. 

Occurs  m  Lapland  and  Norway;  and  again  in  the  high  alps  of 
Switzerland  and  the  Tyrol. 

22.  PODISMA  (EUPODISMA)  PRIMNOA. 
(Plate  IX,  fig.  3.) 

Podisma  primnoa  FISCHER  DE  WALDHEIM,  Orth.  Russ.  (1846),  p.  248. 
Primnoa  viridis  MOTSCHULSKY,  MS.,  ibid. 

On  account  of  the  extraordinary  development  of  the  subgenital  plate 
of  the  male  of  this  largest  of  Podismae,  I  have  proposed  for  it  the  sub- 
generic  name  of  Eupodisma. 

Fischer  deWaldheiin  describes  it  from  Verkhni-Udiusk,Transbaicalia, 
Siberia.  Specimens  in  my  collection  were  collected  by  Parschine  at 
the  same  place  in  June,  at  Samonoffsk  in  June,  at  Khabarowki  and 
Tscherhjava  on  the  Amur  in  May  and  August,  and  in  the  Desert  of 
Khorinskaya  in  Trausbuicalia. 

22.  PARATYLOTROPIDIA. 

(Ilapct,  beside;  Tylotropidia,  a  genus  of  Euprepocneines.) 
Paratylotropidia  BRUNNER,  R<Sv.  Syst.  Orth.  (1893),  p.  147. 

Body  moderately  stout,  somewhat  compressed,  without  noticeable 
pilosity,  the  excessively  brief  and  fine  hairs  being  exceedingly  scattered. 
Head  large  by  being  protuberant,  not  broader  than  the  pronotum,  the 
face  moderately  oblique  and  the  genae  feebly  tumescent ;  vertex  broadly 
arched,  not  elevated  above  the  pronotum;  fastigium  very  broad, 
tumid,  feebly  decliveut,  anteriorly  rounded;  eyes  rather  long  oval, 
fully  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  especially  in  the  female,  anteriorly 
subtruncate,  separated  above  by  an  exceptionally  wide  interval,  almost 
or  quite  twice  as  wide  as  the  rather  broad  frontal  costa;  antennae  slen- 
der, about  as  long  (in  the  female  at  least)  as  the  head  and  pronotum 
together.  Pronotum  long,  compressed,  subequal,  narrowed  above 
anteriorly,  the  disk  nearly  plane  but  the  prozona  slightly  tumid,  with 
percurrent  and  equal  median  cariua,  distinct,  percurrent,  equal  and 
feebly  arcuate  lateral  carinae,  the  transverse  sulci  feebly  incised,  the 
hind  margin  produced,  but  very  obtusangulate,  the  inetazona  flaring 
only  in  the  female  and  then  almost  imperceptibly.  Prosternal  spine 


118  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


not  stout,  conico-cylindrical;  meso-  and  metastethia  together  much 
longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes,  the  latter  narrowing  rapidly  behind, 
so  that  the  portion  behind  the  lobes,  more  than  twice  as  broad  as  long, 
is  scarcely  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  metastethium ;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  much  longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes  and 
much  narrower  than  the  lobes  themselves,  the  nietasternal  lobes  more 
(male)  or  less  (female)  approximate,  the  interspace  in  the  female  scarcely 
so  broad  as,  in  the  male  much  narrower  than,  the  frontal  costa.  Teg- 
mina  abbreviate,  overlapping,  acuminate.  Hind  femora  very  long,  the 
inferior  genicular  lobe  subpallid,  uniform,  the  hind  tibiae  with  eight  to 
twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Sides  of  the  first  abdominal  segment 
with  a  distinct  tympanum.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  with  no  apical 
tubercle,  its  lateral  margins  ampliate,  basally  rectangulate ;  cerci  lamel- 
late, subpyriform,  tapering  strongly  and  unequally,  the  apex  produced, 
subacuminate  and  incurved.  Abdomen  of  female  regularly  tapering, 
the  ovipositor  normally  exserted,  the  valves  nearly  straight  with  acute 
but  smooth  costae. 

The  genus  is  represented  by  a  single  species  found  in  the  western 
Mississippi  valley.  When  published  by  Brunner,  no  species  was  de- 
scribed or  even  named,  but  the  species  here  given  is  the  one  upon 
which  the  genus  was  founded  and  is  therefore  the  type. 

PARATYLOTROPIDIA    BRUNNERI,  new  species. 

(Plate  IX,  figs.  4,  5.) 

Warm  brownish  ferruginous,  approaching  castaneous,  inclining  to 
flavous  below,  marked  with  pale  flavous.  Head  protuberant,  flavous, 
faintly  and  sparsely  punctate  with  fuscous,  above  with  an  anteriorly 
tapering,  broad,  ferrugineo-fuscous  or  olivaceo-fuscous  band,  the  geuae 
behind  the  eyes  more  or  less  distinctly  infuscated  ;  vertex  feebly  tumid, 
not  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
exceptionally  broad,  being  nearly  four  times  as  broad  as  the  basal  joint 
of  the  antennae;  fastigium  very  feebly  declivent,  plane  or  tumid, 
scarcely  expanding  anteriorly,  its  lateral  margins  not  in  the  least  ele- 
vated, well  rounded,  its  anterior  margin  well  rounded  as  seen  from 
above;  frontal  costa  fading  just  before  the  clypeus,  faintly  enlarging 
from  above  downward,  above  about  (male)  or  fully  (female)  half  as 
wide  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  the  ocellus, 
coarsely  and  sparsely  punctate  throughout;  eyes  not  very  large  nor 
prominent,  about  as  long  as  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  anten- 
nae luteo-testaceous,  apically  infuscated,  in  the  female  about  two-thirds 
as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotum  elongate,  compressed,  subequal 
but  feebly  enlarging  backward  on  the  upper  portion  of  the  anterior  sec- 
tion of  the  prozona,  beyond  it  equal,  the  disk  very  broadly  subtectate, 
passing  by  abrupt  angles,  forming  distinct  and  continuous  feebly  and 
oppositely  arcuate  lateral  carinae  facing  inward,  into  the  vertical  lateral 
lobes,  which  above  are  very  steeply  and  convexly  declivent;  whole 


NO.  1124.  RETlxHtX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  119 


pronotum  unicolorous  except  that  the  lower  portions  of  the  lateral 
lobes  become  gradually  flavesceut  and  the  lateral  carinae  are  conspicu- 
ously flavous;  median  carina  percurrent,  equal,  blunt,  longitudinally 
arcuate  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  very 
obtusangulate,  both  delicately  margined;  prozona  very  longitudinal, 
being  more  than  (male)  or  almost  (female)  half  as  long  again  as  broad, 
very  coarsely  and  sparsely  punctate,  half  as  long  again  as  the  finely 
ruguloso-punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  conico  cyl- 
indrical,  erect,  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  twice  as 
long  as  broad  (male)  or  fully  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (female),  the 
met  asternal  lobes  approximate  (male)  or  moderately  distant  (female). 
Tegmina  subovate,  very  broad,  very  rapidly  tapering  especially  by  the 
oblique  excision  of  the  costal  margin  and  the  strong  apical  arcuation  of 
the  inner  margin,  subacuminate,  a  little  longer  than  the  pronotum, 
overlapping,  brownish  castaneous,  the  ulnar  vein  broadly  marked  with 
pale  flavous  edged  anteriorly  with  blackish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  somewhat  enlarged  in  the  male,  rufo-flavous;  hind  femora  fl  a  vo- 
testaceous,  the  outer  face  and  the  geuiculation  more  or  less  deeply 
infuscated  especially  above,  without  fasciatiou  or  maculation  of  any 
kind ;  hind  tibiae  rather  deep  red  or  fusco- violaceous,  the  spines  pallid 
with  black  tips,  eight  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  clavate  but  very  feebly^nlarged,  very  strongly  recurved, 
the  supraanal  plate  pretty  regularly  triangular,  as  long  as  broad,  the 
apex  acutangulate,  the  margins  feebly  and  broadly  elevated,  the  median 
sulcus  not  very  deep,  terminating  with  its  bordering  ridges  in  the  center 
of  the  plate;  furcula  ?;  cerci  very  broad  and  somewhat  tumid  at  base, 
forming  a  compressed  and  slightly  tortuous  cone,  tapering  rapidly  and 
somewhat  regularly,  but  with  the  slender  tip  a  little  produced,  curved 
slightly  inward  and  downward,  bluntly  pointed,  reaching  the  tip  of  the 
snpraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  very  broad,  suddenly  narrowing  just 
beyond  the  base  but  easily  visible  outside  the  cerci  nearly  the  whole 
length  of  the  latter,  slightly  produced  apically  to  attain  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  tumid,  very  broad  at  apex,  partly  by 
the  retrocession  of  the  preceding  ventral  segment,  distinctly  broader 
than  long,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  together  feebly  arcuate  so 
that  the  apex  is  slightly  elevated,  the  apical  margin  as  seen  from  above 
acutangulate,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  29.5  mm.,  female,  39.5  mm.;  antennae,  female, 
1-..")  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  7.5  mm.,  female,  9.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male, 
9  mm.,  female,  11.15  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Dakota  (L.  Bruner);  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll 
(U.S.N.M.  [Bo.  730.]— Riley  collection). 

The  single  male  (from  Dakota)  is  slightly  mutilated,  preventing  a 
description  of  certain  parts.  I  was  at  first  inclined  to  regard  this  as 
distinct  from  Brunner's  species,  of  which  he  favored  me  with  a  descrip- 
tion and  figure  (hitherto  unpublished),  on  account  of  the  representation 


120 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


VOL.  XX. 


of  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  pronotum  iu  his  figure  as  arcuate  in  an 
opposite  sense  to  that  here  described;  but  his  description  agrees  so 
perfectly  with  the  other  characteristics  of  the  specimens  before  ine  that 
I  regard  this  as  an  accident.  Nevertheless,  I  append  hereto  the  descrip- 
tion furnished  by  him,  with  the  sketch  sent  me,  which  he  kindly  permits 
me  to  publish  (see  Plate  IX,  fig.  5). 

PARATYLOTROPIDIA  sp. 

Colore  castaneo.  Pronotum  disco  deplanato,  carina  media  percurrente,  necnon 
utrinque  carina  longitudinal!  flava  delineate.  Elytra  abbreviata,  acumiuata,  fascia 
flava  secundum  venam  ulnarem  ornata.  Femora  postica  carina  superiore  acuta 
iustructa,  superne  flava.  Tibiae  posticae  fusco-violaceae,  spinulis  albis,  apice  nigris. 
in  utroque  niargine  iiumero  10  ad  12.  Lamina  supraanalis  $  triangularis,  acumi- 
uata, plana.  Cerci  $  deplanata,  basi  latissimi,  apice  acnminati.  Lamina  subgeni- 
talis  $  eloiigata,  ultra  apicem  laminae  supraaualis  valde  prominula.  Ovipositor 
valvulis  acute  costatis  sed  baud  denticulatis. 


d" 

? 

mm. 

30 

mm. 

38 

pron 

g 

10 

elytr  

9 

12 

fein  post 

16  5 

20 

Patria :  Dallas,  Texas. 


Brunner,  1895. 


23.  MELANOPLUS. 


t,  black;  OTtXa,  armor.) 


Melanoplua  ST!L,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  79. 

Body  moderately  stout,  rarely  slender,  generally  feebly  compressed, 
more  or  less  but  generally  feebly  pilose.  Head  moderately,  rarely  not 
at  all,  prominent,  generally  but  little  if  any  longer  than  the  prozona, 
unless  the  latter  (as  rarely)  is  distinctly  transverse;  face  almost  verti- 
cal or  a  little  oblique,  its  angle  with  the  fastigiuin  rarely  less  than  75°; 
vertex  gently  tumid;  eyes  rounded  oval,  never  more  generally  less  than 
half  as  long  again  as  broad,  the  anterior  margin  subtruncate  or  feebly 
convex,  separated  above  rather  or  very  narrowly,  at  most  but  little 
farther  apart  than  the  width  of  the  equal  or  subequal  frontal  costa; 
fastigiuin  more  or  less  sometimes  very  declivent,  passing  insensibly  into 
the  frontal  costa,  always  more  or  less  sulcate  or  with  elevated  lateral 
margins,  generally  more  deeply  sulcate  in  the  male  than  iu  the  female; 
frontal  costa  moderately  prominent,  generally  sulcate  below,  usually 
more  or  less  punctate;  antennae  slender,  of  variable  length,  but  never 
very  short,  never  longer  than  the  hind  femora,  and  rarely  if  ever  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  even  when  this  is  subtruiicate  pos- 
teriorly. Pronotum  generally  subcompressed,  rarely  or  never  twice  as 
long  as  the  average  breadth,  generally  only  half  as  long  again  as  the 
average  breadth  even  in  the  male,  the  metazona  generally  more  or  less 
flaring,  its  disk  plane  and  densely  punctate,  while  that  of  the  prozona 


NO.  1124. 


R  E  VISION  OF  THE  ME  LA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  121 

is  more  or  less,  generally  slightly,  convex,  is  rarely  at  all  flaring  in 
front  or  only  in  the  very  slightest  degree,  at  most  faintly  punctate  and 
generally  distinctly  longer  than  the  metazona;  front  margin  generally 
truncate  or  subtruncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate  to  a  greater  or  less 
degree,  rarely  subtruncate;  median  carina  always  distinct  on  the  meta- 
zoua, generally  much  less  so  on  the  prozona,  often  subobsolete  between 
the  sulci  and  never  wholly  wanting;  lateral  carinae  typically  obsolete, 
but  often  indicated  by  a  distinctly  abrupt  though  rounded  shoulder, 
rarely  becoming  carinate;  lateral  lobes  vertical  or  sub  vertical,  espe- 
cially below,  often  feebly  tumid  above  on  the  prozoua,  and  generally 
marked  by  a  piceous  postocular  band,  crossing  either  the  prozoua  alone 
or  the  whole  pronotum,  not  infrequently  broken  or  maculate.  Proster- 
nal  spine  variable,  but  always  prominent;  meso-  and  metastethia  to- 
gether distinctly  longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  generally  longer  or  much  longer  than  broad,  never1 
in  the  least  broader  than  long,  even  when  the  sides  of  the  interspace 
are  very  divergent  posteriorly  (male)  or  generally  quadrate  but  more 
variable  than  in  the  other  sex,  sometimes  as  narrow  as  there  but  more 
frequently  subtransverse,  occasionally  in  brachypterous  forms  dis- 
tinctly transverse,  as  a  general  rule  wider  than  in  the  other  sex  (female), 
in  both  always  distinctly,  generally  much,  narrower  than  the  lobes  them- 
selves, except  in  the  few  instances2  where  it  is  distinctly  transverse  in 
the  female;  metasternal  lobes  generally  attingent  or  subattingeut, 
rarely  only  approximate  (male),  or  generally  approximate  or  subap- 
proximate,  the  interspace  between  them  generally  narrower  than  the 
frontal  costa  (female);  metasternum  rapidly  narrowing  posteriorly,  so 
that  the  portion  behind  the  lobes  is  not,  or  is  hardly  more  than,  half 
the  greatest  width  of  the  metasternum,  but  is  more  than  twice  as  broad 
as  long.  Tegmina  always  present,  but  either  abbreviate  and  then 
lateral,  attingent,  or  overlapping,  sometimes  shorter  and  sometimes 
longer  than,  but  generally  nearly  the  length  of,  the  pronotum  and  usually 
more  or  less  acuminate  apically;  or  they  are  fully  developed  and  then 
usually  about  attain  or  a  little  surpass  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora, 
tapering  more  or  less  but  very  gradually  and  apically  well  rounded,  at 
a  distance  from  the  apex  equal  to  the  breadth  of  the  tegmina  dis- 
tinctly narrower  than  the  metazona,  the  intercalates  and  cross  veins 
of  the  discoidal  area  (except  in  the  macropterous  forms  of  the  dimor- 
phic species,  M.  dawsoni  and  M.  marginatus)  relatively  numerous  at 
least  in  the  apical  fourth  arid  usually  throughout,  the  venation  in  gen- 
eral sharp  and  clearly  defined,  the  humeral  vein  straight  and  only  api- 
cally arcuate,  nearly  always  terminating  either  on  the  apical  margin 
or  only  a  short  distance  before  it,  running  for  some  distance  almost 
exactly  parallel  to  the  costal  margin  or  merging  insensibly  into  it,  the 


1  In  two  species,  M.  montanus  and  M.  borealis,  it  is  feebly  transverse,  but  much 
narrower  than  the  lobes,  and  is  similar  in  the  two  sexes. 
*  These  are  M.  artemisiae,  M.  milHaris,  and  J/.  altitudinum. 


122  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

area  intercalata  always,  even  in  macropterous  forms  of  dimorphic  spe- 
cies, extending-  somewhat,  generally  considerably,  beyond  the  middle 
of  the  tegmina.  Hind  femora  moderately  long  and  slender,  the  infe- 
rior genicular  lobe  with  at  least  a  darker  basal  spot  or  transverse 
band,  the  hind  tibiae  with  a  variable  number  of  spines  (generally  nine 
to  fourteen)  in  the  outer  series,  by  rare  exception  eight  only.  Abdo- 
men more  or  less  compressed,  the  sides  of  the  first  segment  with  a  dis- 
tinct tympanum,  the  extremity  in  the  male  more  or  less  sometimes 
strongly  clavate,  usually  considerably  recurved,  the  subgenital  plate  of 
variable  form,  but  always  with  the  lateral  margins  ampliate  at  the 
base  and  with  no  distinct  apical  tubercle,  though  not  infrequently  api- 
cally  produced  or  subtuberculate  and  frequently  tumescent;  cerci 
exceedingly  variable  in  form,  often  enlarging  apically,  always  lamellate 
excepting  (the  lakinus  series — three  species)  where  they  are  basally 
globose,  never  styliform,  rarely  (the  puer  series — two  species)  in  the 
least  substyliform,  generally  incurved  and  of  about  the  length  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  furcula  usually  developed  and  to  a  very  variable 
extent,  and  with  variable  form;  pallium  rarely  exserted;  ovipositor  of 
female  generally  fully  exserted. 

The  type  of  the  genus  is  Acridium  femur -rubrum  De  Geer. 

The  number  of  species  of  Melanoplus  is  so  exceedingly  great  that  I 
have  endeavored  to  display  their  relationships  in  part  by  separating 
them  into  groups.  Noticing  how  seldom  the  characteristic  parts  of  the 
male  abdomen  agreed  in  the  short-winged  and  long- winged  forms,  not- 
withstanding that  one  would  look  for  their  close  agreement,  I  have  first 
divided  them  in  the  following  table  into  those  which  are  fully  equipped 
with  ample  organs  of  flight  and  those  in  which  these  organs  are  more 
or  less  undeveloped,  and  then  have  subdivided  each  according  to  other 
characteristics,  endeavoring  thus  to  bring  into  close  contiguity  those 
which  appeared  to  be  most  nearly  allied.  I  was  not  a  little  surprised  to 
find  in  how  few  instances  it  was  possible  to  combine  the  brachypterous 
and  macropterous  species  in  any  one  of  these  groups.  Even  in  most 
of  these,  and  especially  in  the  dawsoni  series  (itself  somewhat  heter- 
ogeneous en  either  side),  the  collocation  is  rather  forced.  The  groups 
into  which  I  have  divided  the  macropterous  forms  are  far  more  nat- 
ural than  those  of  the  brachypterous  species,  and  the  portion  of  the 
table  relating  to  the  former  is  therefore  much  more  satisfactory  than 
the  other.  I  have  more  than  once  completely  remodeled  that  relating 
to  the  brachypterous  species,  but  with  no  greater  success  than  in  that 
now  presented. 

Much  to  my  surprise,  I  find  but  a  couple  of  species  in  this  genus  (M. 
dawsoni,  M.  marginatus)  in  which  there  is  complete  dimorphism  shown 
in  the  full  development  on  the  one  hand  and  extreme  abbreviation  on 
the  other  of  the  organs  of  flight.  In  other  species,  especially  in  M.fasci- 
atus  and  M.  extremis,  there  is  considerable  variability,  but  nowhere 
else  is  it  carried  to  this  extreme.  It  is,  however,  found  in  DendroiettiXj 


NO.  1124.  EEVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  123 

Plwetaliotes,  and  Oedaleonotm,  each  of  which  is  represented  by  a  single 
species.     I  have  treated  this  matter  more  fully  in  the  Introduction. 

The  present  genus,  so  richly  endowed  with  species,  is  naturally  very 
widely  distributed,  though  so  far  as  known  it  is  completely  confined  to 
the  continent  of  North  America,  and  even  does  not  occur,  so  far  as 
reported,1  south  of  Mexico.  Within  this  region  it  is  as  widespread  as 
all  the  other  genera,  combined.  It  extends  from  the  arctic  circle  in 
Alaska  and  on  the  Mackenzie  River,  and  from  northern  Labrador  and 
perhaps  southern  Greenland  on  the  north,  to  the  extremity  of  Florida 
and  southern  Mexico  on  the  south,  and  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific. 
It  is,  however,  far  richer  in  species  in  the  west  than  in  the  east.  Only 
seventeen  of  the  one  hundred  and  thirty-one  species  are  found  exclusively 
east  of  the  Mississippi  River?  though  four  other  eastern  species  barely 
cross  it;  while  in  the  Eocky  Mountain  region  and  west  of  it,  and  there 
only,  forty-nine*  species  are  known,  while  thirty-two  others  are  found 
only  west  of  the  Mississippi  River  and  seven  western  species  barelyx 
cross  it  to  the  east;  six  species,  as  stated  in  our  introduction,  range 
from  Atlantic  to  Pacific;  one  occurs  only  north  of  our  national  bound- 
aries in  Labrador,  while  nineteen  others  inhabit  Canada;  twelve  are 
found  only  in  Mexico,  with  ten  others  which  it  possesses  in  common 
with  the  United  States. 

'These  figures  show  the  western  preponderance  of  the  species  better 
than  auy  summary  of  the  twenty-eight  groups  into  which  I  have  divided 
the  genus,  which,  besides  being  rather  unequal  in  the  number  of  con- 
tained species,  often  show  an  extremely  wide  distribution  or  more  than 
one  center  of  distribution,  in  the  latter  case  indicating,  perhaps,  the 
imperfection  of  the  grouping.  Still,  leaving  out  the  five  groups,  each 
of  which  contains  one  or  more  transcontinental  species,  it  will  be  noted 
that  there  are  three  others  which  compass  the  continent — the  mancus 
(five  species),  plebejus  (five  species),  and  robustus  (five  species)  series. 
Of  the  twenty  remaining,  one-half,  viz,  the  flabellifer  (six  species),  bow- 
ditchi  (six  species),  glaucipes  (two  species),  utahensis  (three  species), 
devastator  (eight  species),  aridus  (three  species),  rusticus  (seven  spe- 
cies), borckii  (six  species),  cinereus  (six  species),  and  packardii  (five 
species)  series — extend  westward  to  the  Pacific;  while  only  five — the 
impudicus  (one  species),  dawsoni  (seven  species),  puer  (two  species), 
inornatus  (three  species),  and  punctulatus  (two  species)  series — reach 
eastward  to  the  Atlantic  coast;  and  the  remaining  five — the  lakinus 
(three  species),  indigens  (one  species),  alien!  (two  species  \  augustipen- 
nis  (four  species),  and  texanus  (five  species)  series — are  found  exclu- 
sively, or  almost  exclusively,  west  of  the  Mississippi  River. 

One-half  of  the  series  are  represented  in  Mexico,  showing  rather 

'One  species,  M.  lorealis,  is  reported,  in  lift.,  by  Brunner  to  occur  at  Valdivia, 
Chile;  as  its  only  other  known  localities  are  in  the  arctic  regions,  I  am  inclined 
to  doubt  the  correctness  of  the  determination,  and  presume  the  material  to  be 
insufficient. 


124  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

exceptional  diversity  for  its  twenty-two  species,  while  ten  series  are 
represented  in  the  twenty  species  hitherto  found  in  Canada.  Nearly  ^ 
all  the  series  have  a  large  latitudinal  distribution,  the  most  limited 
in  this  respect  being: — in  the  north,  the  utahensis  series  (three  species), 
from  Washington  and  Alberta  to  Utah  and  Colorado,  and  the  iudi- 
gens  series  (one  species),  confined  to  Idaho ;  and  in  the  south  the 
lakinus  series  (three  species),  from  Nebraska  to  central  Mexico,  the 
impudicus  series  (one  species),  found  only  in  Georgia  and  Mississippi, 
the  aridus  series  (three  species),  from  Arizona  to  Jalisco,  the  puer 
series  (two  species),  found  in  Texas  and  Florida,  and  the  inonmrus 
series  (three  species),  occurring  in  Illinois,  Indiana,  North  Carolina, 
and  northern  Mexico. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   TO   THE   SPECIES   OF   MELANOPLUS.  l 

A1.  Tegniina  conspicuously  shorter  than  the  abdomen,  often  no  longer  than  pronotuin ; 
furcula  almost  always  developed  feebly,  generally  no  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  seg- 
ment from  which  it  arises. 

1 l.  Cerci  of  male-expanding  from  the  base  outward  and  bullate,  abruptly  tapering 
and  bent  inward  at  tip ;   subgenital  plate  of  male  abruptly  elevated  apically 
(1.  Lakinus  series). 

c1.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad;2 

of  female  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  long 1.  marculentus  (p.  139). 

c2.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  distinctly  less  than  twice  as  long 

as  broad;  of  female  barely  broader  or  not  broader  than  long. 
d1.  Hind  femora  heavily  biiasciate  above  and  on  the  outer  face;  hind  tibiae 

blue  throughout 2.  lakinus  (p.  141). 

d2.  Hind  femora  with  feeble  signs  of  bifasciation  above  only,  if  at  all;  hind 
tibiae  pale  red,  apically  infuscated 3.  sonorae  (p.  143). 

62.  Cerci  of  male  tapering  in  the  basal  half,  usually  from  the  very  base,  sometimes 
throughout,  usually  laminate;   subgenital  plate  of  male  of  variable  elevation 
apically. 

c1.  Cerci  of  male  beyond  the  middle  either  equal  or  tapering,  sometimes  simply 
styliform  throughout,  the  tip  usually  more  or  less  pointed  but  sometimes  broad 
or  truncate ;  metasterual  lobes  of  male  attingeut  or  subattingent.  3 

d1.  Cerci  of  male  very  broad  and  shon,  not  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the 
middle  breadth,  and  broadly  rounded  at  apex  (2.  Flabellifer  series). 
e\  Tegmina  about  half  as  long  as  the  abdomen  and  much  longer  than  pro- 
notum;  cerci  of  male  not  longitudinally  sulcate  apically. 
fl.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  twice  as  broad  posteriorly 
as  anteriorly,  the  inner  margins  of  the  lobes  regularly  divergent;  interval 
in  female  longer  than  broad;  cerci  of  male  but  little  longer  than  broad. 

7.  discolor  (p.  149). 

/2.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  of  nearly  equal  breadth  in 
front  and  behind,  the  inner  margins  of  the  lobes  convex;   interval  in 
female  transverse;  cerci  of  male  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad. 

8.  simplex  (p.  150). 


1  By  permission  of  the  Assistant  Secretary,  this  key  has  been  issued  in  advance  in 
the  Proceedings  of  the  American  Philosophical  Society,  XXXVI.  No.  154. 

2 This  interval  is  of  various  shapes  in  different  species,— cuneiform,  clepsydral,  or 
rectangular,  but  for  the  purposes  of  this  table  the  middle  breadth  is  always  taken. 

3 The  cerci  are  faintly  enlarged  apically  in  M.  meridio>iaUs  and  J/.  tcalshii,  which 
come  under  this  division.  See  also  the  note  under  the  alternate  category. 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEIt.  125 


e2.  Tegmina  shorter  than  the  pronotum;  cerci  of  male  deeply  sulcate  longi- 
tudinally at  apex  and  incurved 9.  rileyanm  (p.  151 ). 

d-.  Cerci  of  male  more  elongate,  at  least  twice,  generally  much  more  than 
twice,  as  long  as  middle  breadth,  ordinarily  more  or  less  acuminate  at  apex. 
e1.  Cerci  of  male  irregularly  tapering  or  scarcely  tapering  at  all,  compressed, 
in  no  sense  sty li form. 

/'.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  short  and  broad,  its  apical  breadth  equal  to 
or  surpassing  the  length  of  its  lateral  margin.  ' 

gl.  Cerci  of  male  long  and  very  slender,  in  the  middle  not  one-half  the 
width  of  the  frontal  costa;  last  dorsal  segment  of  male  with  a  pair  of 
strongly  oblique  subinedian  sulci  outside  the  furcula .; 2  subgenital  plate 
not  elevated  apically  (3.  Aridus  series). 

It1.  Hind  margin  of  pronotum  truncato-emarginate;  disk  of  metazona 
fully  twice  as  broad  as  long;  tegmina  relatively  slender,  widely  dis- 
tant. 

il.  Disk  of  prozona  coarsely  and  uniformly  punctate;  cerci  of  male 
apically  enlarged  and  inferiorly  acuminate  at  apex. 

37.  humpJireysii  (p.  206). 

i*.  Disk  of  prozona  coarsely  punctate  only  along  anterior  margin; 

cerci  of  male  apically  equal,  rounded  at  tip...  38.  nitidus  (p.  207). 

7r2.  Hind  margin  of  pronotum  obtusangulate  but  subtruncate;  disk 

of  metazona  less  than  twice  as  broad  as  long;   tegmina  relatively 

broad,  approximate,  at  least  in  the  male 39.  aridits  (p.  209). 

#2.  Cerci  of  male  long  and  broad  throughout,  sub-equal,  broader  than 
the  frontal  costa;  last  dorsal  segment  of  male  with  no  oblique  sulci  out- 
side the  furcula ;  subgenital  plate  apically  elevated  (10.  Indigens  series). 

40.  indigene  (p.  211). 

g*.  Cerci  of  male   short   or  not  very  long,    and  broad  or  moderately 
slender,  in  the  middle  nearly  as  broad  as  if  not  broader  than  the  frontal 
costa ;  last  dorsal  segment  of  male  with  no  oblique  sulci  outside  the  fur- 
cula; subgenital  plate  not  elevated  apically  (11.  Mancus  series). 
hl.  Prozona,  at  least  in  male,  much  longer  than  broad,  the  disk  of  the 
whole  pronotum  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the  middle  breadth,  the 
median  carina  percurrent,  equal;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes 

of  male  twice  as  long  as  broad 41.  scudderi  (p.  212). 

h2.  Prozona,  even  in  male,  transverse,  subquadrate  or  slightly  longi- 
tudinal, the  disk  of  the  whole  pronotum  less  than  twice  as  long  as 
middle  breadth,  the  median  carina  often  subobsolete  between  the 
sulci :  interval  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  not  more  than 
half  as  long  again  as  broad. 
i1.  Cerci  of  male  rather  stout,  subequal. 

jl.  Abdomen  of  male  strongly  recurved;  forks  of  furcula  diver- 
gent, distinctly  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  subgeuital 

plate  with  no  apical  tubercle 42.  (jH  letter  (p.  215). 

/-.  Abdomen  of  male  scarcely  recurved;  forks  of  furcula  parallel, 
minute,  hardly  as  long  as  the  last  dorsal  segment;  subgenital 
plato  with  a  slight  apical  tubercle 43.  artemisiae  (p. 217). 


1  Care  should  be  taken  not  to  include  in  the  apical  breadth  any  part  of  the 
membranous  integument  connecting  it  with  the  preceding  ventral  segment.  For 
simplicity's  sake,  the  length  of  the  plate  is  here  considered  its  extent  parallel  to  the 
lateral  margin  (or  that  margin  itself)  as  seen  from  the  side;  its  breadth,  what  would 
be  its  length  along  the  ventral  line  were  it  regarded  as  one  of  the  abdominal 
segments. 

2 This  has  not  been  seen,  but  is  only  inferred,  in  M.  Innnpltreysn. 


126  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSE  I'M. 


i2.  Cerci  rather  slender,  especially  on  apical  half,  of  unequal  width. 
j].  Tegmina  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  broadly  ronnded  or  sub- 
angulate  at  apex;  cerci  long  and  rather  slender,  nearly  straight  as 

seen  laterally 44.  mancua  (p. 218). 

/2.  Teginina  as  long  as  or  longer  than  the  pronotum,  apically 
acuminate;  cerci  short  and  not  very  slender,  rather  strongly  bent- 
arcuate  as  seen  laterally 45.  cancri  (p.  219). 

/2  Subgenital  plate  of  male  distinctly  narrower  than  long,  often  narrow- 
ing apically. 

gl.  Cerci  of  male  tapering  but  little,  generally  rather  stout,  or  if  slen- 
der then  tapering  almost  not  at  all  in  apical  half,  which  is  never  less 
than  half  as  broad  as  the  base  and  is  blunt-tipped,  rarely,  as  in  M. 
jurencus,  augulate  below. 

hl.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  at  least  half  as  long 
again  as  broad,  sometimes  fully  twice  as  long;  hind  tibiae  usually 
blue  or  green  (12.  Dawsoni  series). 

i l.  Cerci  of  male  apically  turned  sharply  inward  at  right  angles  or 

even  less 46.  rejiexus  (p.  221). 

i'2.  Cerci  of  male  straight  or  gently  incurved,  sometimes  curved 
more  strongly  at  apex  but  not  bent  abruptly  at  right  angles. 
jl.  Lateral  margins  of  subgenital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from 
above,  regularly  convergent  nearly  to  the  tip;  furcula  developed 

only  as  slightly  swollen  lobes 47.  meridionalis  (p.  223). 

j'2.  Lateral  margins  of  subgeuital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from 
above,  basally  subparallel,  apically  rather  broadly  rounded;  fur- 
cula developed  as  a  pair  of  projecting  spines  or  fingers. 

kl.  Tegmina  much  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  widely  separated ; 
interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  distinctly  trans- 
verse, as  broad  as  the  lobes ;  subgenital  plate  of  male  wrth  dis- 
tinct though  minute  apical  tubercle 48.  militaris  (p.  224). 

A;2.  Tegmina  longer  than  the  pronotum,  overlapping;  interval 
between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  quadrate;  subgenital  plate 
of  male  with  minute  apical  tubercle  or  none. 

I1.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  not  pyramidal,  nor  elevated 
apically  except  by  a  minute  apical  tubercle ;  furcula  minute, 
overlying  the  supraanal  plate  by  a  less  distance  than  the 
length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  bent  roundly  inward 

at  the  apex 49.  niyrcscens  (p.  225). 

1-.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  subpyrauiidal,  broadly  and 
roundly  elevated  at  apex;  furcula  well  developed,  reaching 
middle  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  very  feebly  incurved  api- 
cally   50.  dawsoni  (p.  227). 

A2.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  subquadrate,  often 
gradually  widening  posteriorly;  hind  tibiae  usually  red  (13.  Kusticus 
series). 

i1.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  more  or  less  elevated 
or  tuberculate  or  both,  generally  well  rounded  as  seen  from  above, 
never  transverse. 

j1.  Tegmina  attiugent  or  overlapping;  cerci  of  male  apically 
rounded ;  furcula  distinctly  developed ;  subgeuital  plate  relatively 
long,  subequal  in  breadth. 

k1.  Interspace  between  the  eyes  of  male  broader  than  the  first 
antennal  joint;  cerci  of  male  with  arcuate  upper  margin;  sub- 
genital  plate  apically  elevated  to  a  greater  or  less  degree,  but 
never  conspicuously. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  127 

I1.  Prosternal  spine  transverse,  apieally  truncate  or  subtrun- 
cate;  interval  between  ruesosternal  lobes  of  female  slightly 
transverse;  subgenital  plate  of  male  moderately  narrow. 

53.  montanus  (p.  232). 

I'2.  Prostemal  spine  subeonical,  bluntly  pointed;  interval 
between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  broadly  transverse,  some- 
times as  broad  as  the  lobes. 

m1.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  narrower 
than  the  lobes;  cerci  of  male  subequal  throughout. 

vl.  Prozoua  but  little  longer  than  the  metazoua;  hind 
tibiae  uniform  in  color  beyond  the  patellar  spot;  tegniina 
transversely  convex,  so  that  the  dorsal  and  lateral  fields 
are  not  distinguished  from  each  other  by  any  angle ;  costal 
margin  of  same  regularly  arcuate. 

54.  washingtonianus  (p.  233). 

n~.  Prozona  much  longer  than  themetazona;  hind  tibiae 
with  a  broad  pallid  subbasal  aunulation;  dorsal  and  lat- 
eral fields  of  tegmiua  set  in  distinct  planes;  costal  margin 

of  same  augulato-arcuate 55.  walsliii  (p.  235). 

m~.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  fully 'as 
broad  as  the  lobes;  cerci  of  male  scarcely  half  as  broad  in 

the  apical  half  as  at  base 56.  altitudinum  (p.  236). 

A"-.  Interspace  between  the  eyes  of  male  no  broader  than  the 
first  antenna!  joint;  anal  cerci  of  male  with  nearly  straight 
upper  margin;  subgenital  plate  not  apieally  elevated,  though 
furnished  with  a  backward  directed  tubercle  formed  by  the 

angulation  of  the  margin 57.  gracilipes  (p.  238). 

j2.  Tegmina  lateral,  widely  separated;  cerci  of  male  apieally  trun- 
cate; furcula  obsolescent;  subgeuital  plate  relatively  short,  of 

unequal  breadth 58.  geniculatus  (p.  239). 

t2.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  neither  elevated  nor 
tuberculate,  the  margins  as   seen   from   above   quadrate,  apieally 

transverse 59.  rusticus  (p.  240). 

g2.  Cerci  of  mule  tapering  distinctly  and  abruptly,  the  apical  less  or 
almost  less,  generally  very  much  less,  than  half  as  broad  as  the  basal 
portion  and  more  or  less  acuminate  (14.  Borckii  series). 

hl.  Subgeuital  plate  of  niaie  more  or  less  elevated  posteriorly,  but 
with  no  distinct  apical  tubercle. 

i1.  Posterior  margin  of  pronotum  not  mesially  emargin#te ;  tegmina 
attiugeut  or  approximate. 

/'.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  strongly  trans- 
verse; lateral  carinae  of  pronotuin  rounded  so  as  to  be  subobso- 
lete;  postocular  piceous  band  generally  distinct,  complete,  per- 

current 60.  pacificus  (p.  241 ). 

j'2.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  subquadnite  or 
feebly  transverse;  lateral  carinae  of  pronotum  distinct;  postocu- 
lar piceous  band  generally  obsolete  or  wholly  wanting,  and  even 
when  distinct  wholly  confined  to  the  prozona. .  61.  borcMi  (p.  24o ). 
i-.  Posterior  margin  of  pronotum  uiesially  emarginate ;  tegmina  dis- 
tant, lateral. 
jl.  Color  testaceous  with  feeble  or  no  postocular  dark  belt. 

62.  tenuipennis  (p. 244). 
j'2.  Color  dark  fuscous  with  distinct  and  broad  postocular  band,  at 

least  in  the  male 63.  missiouum  (p.  246). 

h2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  distinctly  tuberculate  at  tip. 


128  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

t1.  Tegmina  more  or  less  widely  separated,  rarely  attingent;  inter- 
val between  mesosterual  lobes  of  male  twice  or  nearly  twice'  as  long 
again  as  broad;  cerci  not  finely  acuminate  at  tip. 

64.  fit  stipes  (p.  247). 

t2.  Tegmina  attingent ;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male 
only  slightly  longer  than  broad ;  cerci  tapering,  rather  regular,  sub- 
falcate,  finely  acuminate  at  tip 65.  scitulua  (p.  249). 

e2.  Cerci  of  male  feebly  compressed,  substyliform,  tapering  almost  uniformly 
throughout,  apically  acuminate  (15.  Puer  series). 

fl.  Tegmina  attingeut;  subgenital  plate  of  male  short  and  broad,  its  apical 
breadth  surpassing  the  length  of  its  lateral  margin,  not  elevated  apically. 

06.  flabellatus  (p.  251). 
/2.  Tegmina  distant;  subgenital  plate  of  male  distinctly  narrower  than 

long,  elevated  apically 67.  puer  (p.  252). 

c2.  Cerci  of  male  more  or  less  expanded  apically,  so  as  to  be  broader  at  some 
point  beyond  the  middle  than  at  the  middle,  spatulate  or  subspatulate ;  meta 
sternal  lobes  of  male  separated  by  a  variable  interval.1 

d1.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  quadrate  or  subquadrate,  rarely 
(M.  amplectens)  half  as  long  again  as  broad;  nietasternal  lobes  of  male  of 
variable  width. 

e1.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  distinctly  narrower  than  long,  often  narrowing 
apically. 

fl.  Lateral  margins  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  apically  meeting  more  or 
less  acutely  and  furnished  here  with  a  conical  erect  tubercle  (16.  Inornatus 
series). 

yl.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  slightly  longer  than 
broad;  anal  cerci  of  male  broadly  expanded  apically  ;  apical  tubercle  of 

subgeuital  plate  of  male  blunt 68.  inornatus  (p.  254). 

#2.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  distinctly  transverse;2 
anal  cerci  of  male  very  feebly  expanded  apically;  apical  tubercle  of 
subgenital  plate  acute. 

h1.  Hind  femora  fasciate;  apical  half  of  male  cerci  moderately  broad, 
the  narrowest  part  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base;  lobes  of 

furcula  short 69.  riridipes  (p.  255). 

h2.  Hind  femora  not  fasciate;  apical  half  of  male  cerci  very  slender, 
the  narrowest  part  not  more  than  a  third  as  broad  as  the  base;  lobes 

of  furcula  long 70.  decorns  (p.  257). 

/2.  Lateral  margins  of  siibgenital  plate  of  male  meeting  with  a  rounded 
curve,  which  if  apically  elevated  does  not  form  a  conical  tubercle 
(17.  Fasciatus  series). 

gl.  Cerci  of  male  strongly  incurved  and  conspicuously  enlarged  apically. 
hl.  Cerci  of  male  very  slender,  in  the  middle  not  one-third  as  broad  as 
at  base,  the  apical  lobe  feebly  bifid;  furcula  developed  as  slender 
spines  about  a  fourth  the  length  of  the  supraaual  plate. 

71.  attenuatus  (p.  259). 

7»,2.  Cerci  of  male  stout,  in  the  middle  more  than  half  as  broad  as  at 
base,  the  apical  lobe  single;  furcula  developed  as  mere  denticulations. 

72.  amplectens  (p.  260). 

<72.  Cerci  of  male  at  most  gently  if  at  all  incurved,  and  feebly  if  at  all 
enlarged  apically. 

hl.  Metasternal  lobes  of  male  subattingent;  tegmina  shorter  than  the 
pronotum;  anal  cerci  of  male  straight  as  seen  laterally  or  slightly 
upcurved  apically. 

'The  cerci  are  barely  enlarged  apically  in  M.  viridipes,  which  comes  under  this 
division.     See,  also,  the  note  under  the  alternate  category. 
3  The  female  of  M.  decorns  is  not  known. 


NO.  1124.  RETISIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  129 

i1.  Cerci  of  male  rounded  at  tip ;  furcula  scarcely  protruding  beyond 

the  hind  margin  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  apical  margin  of  the 

subgenital  plate  slightly  elevated  above  the  lateral  margins. 

jl.  SupraanaJ  plate  of  male  suddenly  contracted  before  the  tip; 

anal  cerci  regularly  incurved  throughout;  subgenital  plate  very 

broad  at  base 73.  xaltator  (p.  2  il). 

/-.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  regularly  triangular ;  anal  cerci  slightly 
twisted  as  well  as  incurved;  subgenital  plate  narrow  at  base. 

74.  rolnndipennis  (p.  263). 

i-.  Cerci  of  male  truncate  at  tip;  lobes  of  furcula  long;  apical  mar- 
gin of  subgenital  plate  in  no  way  elevated  above  the  lateral  margins. 

75.  obovaii2)enni8  (p.  264). 

/<-.  Metasternal  lobes  of  male  only  approximate;  tegmina  as  long  as 
or  much  longer  than  the  pronotum ;  anal  cerci  of  male  slightly  de- 
curved  apically,  or  at  least  inferiorly  angulate  at  apex. 

i1.  Tegmiua  not  much  longer  than  the  pronotnin;  cerci  of  male  deli- 
cate, tapering  considerably  in  apical  half;  subgenital  plate  only 
slightly  elevated  posteriorly,  no  broader  there  than  at  base. 

76.  jurencHs  (p.  266). 

i-.  Tegmina  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  abdomen;  cerci  of  male 
coarse  and  stont,  tapering  but  little  in  basal  half;  subgenital  plate 
strongly  elevated  posteriorly  and  there  very  broad. 

77.  fasciatus  (p.  267). 

e3.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  short  and  broad,  its  apical  breadth  equal  to  or 
surpassing  the  length  of  its  lateral  margin, — see  previous  note  (18.  Alleni 
series). 

f1.  Tegmina  twice  as  long  as  pronotum;  cerci  of  male  relatively  long  and 
narrow ;  male  cerci  fully  three  times  as  long  as  broad. .  79.  alleni  (p.  273). 
/-.  Tegmina  of  about  the  length  of  the  pronotum ;  cerci  of  male  broad  and 
relatively  short;  male  cerci  not  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad. 

80.  snowii  (p.  274). 

d-.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  nearly  or  quite  twice,  some- 
times more  than  twice,  as  long  as  broad;  metasternal  lobes  of  male  attingent 
or  subattiugent. 

c1.  Subgeuital  plate  of  male  short  and  broad,  its  apical  breadth  equal  to  or 
surpassing  the  length  of  its  lateral  margin, — see  previous  note  (23.  Texanus 
series). 

/'.  Tegmina  widely  separated,  lateral;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes 
of  male  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of 

exceptionally  broad  and  short  plates 101.  dumicoJa  (p.  318). 

/-.  Tegmina  subattingent,  attingent,  or  overlapping;    interval  between 
mesosternal  lobes  of  male  less,  generally  much  less,  than  twice  as  long  as 
broad  ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate  pointed  denticulations. 
</'.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  ending  in  a  conical  tubercle. 

102.  cariabilis  (p.  319). 
y2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  with  no  pointed  tubercle. 

h].  Lobes  of  furcula  longer  than  broad;  extremity  of  subgenital  plate 
of  male  elevated,  but  not  noticeably  recurved;  interval  between 
mesosternal  lobes  of  male  hardly  more  than  half  as  long  again  as 
broad. 

11.  Apex  of  male  cerci  angulate  below 103.  lepidus  (p.  321). 

12.  Apex  of  male  cerci  equally  rounded  above  and  below. 

104.  blatchleyi  (p.  322). 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 9 


130  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

h2.  Lobes  of  furcula  broader  than  long;  extremity  of  subgenital  plate 
of  male  elevated  and  considerably  recurved ;  interval  between  rneso- 
sternal  lobes  of  male  nearly  or  quite  twice  as  long  as  broad. 

105.  texanua  (p.  324). 

e*.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  distinctly  narrower  than  long,  often  narrowing 
apically  (24.  Plebejus  series). 

fl.  Hind  margin  of  pronotum  distinctly  though  obtusely  angulate;  inter- 
val between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  at  least  half  as  long  again  a> 
broad;  apical  portion  of  anal  cerci  of  male  distinctly  and  sharply  snlcaie 

exteriorly 106.  plebejus  (p.  326). 

/2.  Hind  margin  of   pronotum  rarely  angulate,  sometimes    emarginate : 
interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  female  (where  known)  subquadrate; 
apical  portion  of  anal  cerci  of  male  exteriorly  tumid  or  plane. 
gl.  Posterior  margin  of  pronotum  distinctly  emarginate  in  the  middle; 
tegmina  widely  separated;  cerci  of  male  elongate,  surpassing  the  supra- 
anal  plate;   subgenital  plate  broader  at  base  than  apically,  its  apical 

margin  regularly  rounded  and  even 107.  gracilis  (p.  327). 

g*.  Posterior  margin  of  prouotum  obtusely  angulated  or  ronnde  I  trun- 
cate, with  at  most  but  feeblest  sign  of  any  emargination  ;  tegmina  attiu- 
geut  or  overlapping;  cerci  of  male  relatively  brief,  not  surpassing  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgeuital  plate  not  broader  at  base  than  apically,  its 
apical  margin  angulate  or  tuberculate. 

/i1.  Tegmina  shorter  than  prouotum;  posterior  margin  of  prouotum 
rounded  truncate  with  feeblest  signs  of  mesial  emargination;  cerei  of 
male  curved  slightly  upward;  subgeuital  plate  ending  in  a  blunt 

rather  coarse  tubercle 108.  inops  ( p.  329 ) 

h".  Tegmina  longer  than  pronotum:  posterior  margin  of  pronotum 
distinctly  though  very  obtusely  nngulate;  cerci  of  male  curved  feebly 
downward;  subgenital  plate  ending  in  a  delicate  pointed  tubercle. 

109.  marginatns  (p.  330;. 

A'2.  Tegmina  nearly  or  quite  as  long  as,  or  longer  than,  the  abdomen ;  furcula  usually 
well  developed,  generally  at  least  a  quarter  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  but  some- 
times obsolete. 

&1.  Cerci  of  male  rapidly  expanding  from  the  base  toward  the  middle,  as  a  whole 
broad  ?md  short,  flabellate,  rarely  twice  as  long  as  broad,  not  expanded  apieallv 
(2.  Flabellifer  series). 
c1.  Cerci  of  male  twice  as  broad  in  broadest  as  in  narrowest  portion. 

dl.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  with  a  distinct  though  minute  independent !  apica! 

tubercle 4.  occldentaUs  (p.  145). 

d-.  Subgenital  plate* of  male  with  only  an  obscure  trace  of  apical  tubercle. 

5.  cuncatus  (p.  147). 

c2.  Cerci  of  male  with  no  striking  inequality  in  breadth..  6.  flctbeU-ifcr  (p.  148). 
&-.  Cerci  of  male  tapering  from  the  very  base  toward  the  middle,  rarely  equal  in 
basal  portion/-  generally  long  and  slender  and  rarely  as  little  as  twice  as  long  as 
broad. 

c1.  Cerci  of  male  beyond  the  middle  either  equal  or  tapering,  the  tip  usually 
slender  or  acuminate,  never  bifurcate  (in  M.  aler  it  enlarges  feebly). 
dl.  Furcula  of  male  developed  as  large  llattened  lobes,  about  half  as  long  as 
the  supraanal  plate  and  exceptionally  broad,  but  apically  narrowed  by  the 
considerable  excision  of  their  inner  side ;  subgeuital  plate  not  elevated  apieallv 
above  the  lateral  margins  (3.  Bowditchi  series). 

1  That  is,  not  formed  by  the  culmination  of  the  more  or  less  pyramidal  form  of  the 
s.ubgeuital  plate. 

-  In  rare  instances  it  expands  slightly  from  the  extreme  base,  but  it  is  then  greatly 
expanded  apically. 


NO.  1124.  HE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  131 

e}.  Body,  tegmiua,  aud  legs  almost  wholly  green,  the  hind  femora  not 
banded. 

/'.  Sides  of  the  disk  of  the  prozona  with  a  distinct  narrow  yellow  stripe, 
extending  to  the  upper  margin  of  the  eyes;  passage  of  the  disk  of  the  pro- 
notnm  into  the  lateral  lobes  more  gradual  than  in  the  alternate  category; 

hind  tibiae  green  ;  antennae  apically  infuscated 10.  herbaceua  (p.  153). 

/*.  Disk  of  prouotum  and  summit  of  head  uniform  in  coloration,  the  for- 
mer passing  into  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  more  distinct  angle  than  in  the 
alternate  category;  hind  tibiae  blue;  antennae  uniform. 

11.  flavescens  (p.  155). 

e2.  Body,  tegniina,  and  legs  brown  or  testaceous,  the  hind  femora  generally 
banded  with  dark  colors. 

/'.  Forks  of  the  male  furcula  more  or  less  obliquely  or  transversely  trun- 
cate at  tip  and  given  an  oppositely  hooked  appearance  by  the  rounded 
excision  of  the  inner  margin;  hind  femora  generally  distinctly  banded. 
gl.  Highly  variegated,  the  lateral  lobes  of  pronotum  conspicuously 
marked  with  an  unequal  bright  Savons  stripe  next  the  lateral  carinae; 
male  cerci  very  feebly  expanded  and  externally  sulcate  apically. 

12.  pichis  (p.  156). 

#2.  Rather  uniform  in  coloring,  the  lateral  lobes  with  no  bright  stripe; 
male  cerci  in  no  way  expanded  apically  and  externally  tumid  rather 
than  sulcate. 

h '.  Lateral  lobes  of  prozona  wiffli  a  broad  and  usually  distinct  piceous 
baud  above;  tegmina  generally  distinctly  flecked  along  the  middle 

line 13.  fiowditchi  (p.  157). 

*         h  '.  Lateral  lobes  of  prozona  with  a  narrow  or  no  distinct  band  above; 
tegmina  very  obscurely  flecked,  if  at  all,  along  the  middle  line. 

U.  favidus  (p.  158). 

f2.  Forks  of  the  male  furcula  rounded  symmetrically  at  tip,  the  inner 
margin  scarcely  more  excised  than  the  outer,  so  that  the  forks  are  straight 
and  not  oppositely  hooked ;  bands  of  hind  femora  scarcely  perceptible. 

15.  elonyatns  (p.  160). 

d2.  Furcula  of  male  variously  developed,  rarely  at  all  unusually  broad  and 
flattened,  and  then  either  not  apically  emarginate  on  the  inner  side,  or  the 
subgenital  plate  is  considerably  elevated  apically,  or  both. 

e].  Subgenital  plate  of  male  almost  or  quite  as  broad  as  the  marginal  length, 
its  apical  margin  generally  notched;  cerci  broad  and  nearly  equally  broad 
throughout  (except  sometimes  narrowed  by  the  oblique  excision  of  the  lower 
side  of  the  apical  half),  the  basal  half  scarcely  tapering,  the  whole  rarely 
more  than  twice  aud  never  thrice  as  long  as  the  middle  breadth  (except  in 
a  few  cases,  and  tbeu  the  apical  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  is  mesially 
notched),  very  broadly  rounded  at  apex. 

/'.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  not  mesially  notched;  meso- 
steruum  of  male  variable. 

//'.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  but  slightly  elevated 
above  the  lateral  margins  and  moderately  prolonged  posteriorly;  meso- 
sternum  of  male  in  front  of  lobes  flat  (4.  Glaucipes  series). 
/i1.  Prozona  of  male  longer  than  its  posterior  breadth;  lateral  carinae 
more  pronounced  on  prozona  than    on  metazona;  interval   between 
mesosternal  lobes  of  male  twice  as  long  as  broad;  hind  tibiae  blue. 

16.  ylaucipes  (p.  161). 

h-.  Prozona  of  male  transverse ;  lateral  carinae  more  pronounced  on 
metazona  than  on   prozona;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of 

male  subquadrate ;  hind  tibiae  red 17.  kennicottii  (p.  163). 

f/3.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  conspicuously  elevated 
above  the  lateral  margins  and  greatly  prolonged  posteriorly;  uiesoster- 


132  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


num  of  male  in_  front  of  lobes  with  a  central  swelling,  forming  a  blunt 

tubercle  (5.  Utahensis  series). 

hl.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  entire; l  lobes  of  fur- 
cula  not  exceptionally  broad;  subgenital  plate  greatly  but  not  excess- 
ively prolonged 

11.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  more  than  twice  as 
long  as  broad;  of  female  a  little  longer  than  broad;  male  cerci  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad;  apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of 
male,  as  seen  from  behind,  subtruncate 18.  Iruneri  (p.  164). 

12.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  much  less  than  twice 
as  long  as  broad;  of  female  transverse;  male  cerci  less  than  twice 
as  long  as  broad ;  apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male,  as  seen 
from  behind,  rounded 19.  excelsns  (p.  166). 

h*.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  deeply  notched  011  either 
side  of  the  middle;  lobes  of  furcula  exceptionally  broad,  subequal 
throughout;  subgenital  plate  excessively  prolonged. 

20.  utahensis  (p.  167). 

/2.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  mesially  notched;  rnesoster- 
num  of  male  in  front  of  lobes  with  a  central  swelling,  forming  a  blunt 
tubercle  (6.  Spretus  series). 

gl.  Tegmina  extending  beyond  hind  femora,  if  at  all,  -by  not  more  than 
the  length  of  the  pronotum,  generally  by  much  less  than  that;  prozona 
of  male  quadrate  or  very  feebly  transverse ;  cerci  of  male  generally 
almost  or  quite  twice  as  long  as  broad. 

hl.  Cerci  of  male  regularly  subfalciform,  both  margins  being  uni- 
formly and  distinctly  curved  rather  than  bent,  and  more  than  twice 

as  long  as  median  breadth 21.  alaskantts  (p.  169). 

ft2.  Cerci  of  male  nearly  straight  as  viewed  laterally,  or  slightly  bent 
upward  in  apical  half,  rather  than  curved. 

i1.  Cerci  of  male  distinctly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  median 
breadth,  the  apical  half  subequal  but  narrower  than  the  basal  half. 
jl.  Hind  tibiae  normally  pale  glaucous;  when  red,  pale  red. 

fc1.  Larger,  robust;  median  carina  usually  as  distinct  between 
the  sulci  as  on  the  anterior  portion  of  the  prozona. 

22.  affinis  (p.  171). 

fc3.  Smaller,  slender;    median   carina   usually  obsolete  or  sub- 
obsolete  between  the  sulci 23.  intermedius  (p.  172). 

j2.  Hind  tibiae  bright  red 24.  bilitumtits  (p.  17-1). 

13.  Cerci  of  male  not  more  than  twice  as  long  as  median  breadth, 
the  apical  half  not  only  narrower  than  the  basal  half,  but  itself 
tapering    throughout,    obliquely   truncate    beneath;     hind    tibiae 
usually  red. 

jl.  Tegmina  brief,  not  nearly  reaching  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora; 
apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  greatly  elevated. 

25.  defect tt s  (p.  177). 

j2.  Tegmina  reaching,  generally  considerably  surpassing,  the  tips 
of  the  hind  femora;   apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  maJe 

moderately  elevated 26.  atJanis  (p.  178). 

</2.  Tegmina  extending  beyond  hind  femora  by  the  length  of  the  prono- 
tum  or  nearly  as  much,  often  by  the  length  of  the  head  and  pronotum 
combined;  prozona  of  rnale  generally  strongly  transverse;  cerci  of  male 
not  more  than  half  as  long  again  as  broad 27.  spretus  (p.  184). 

1  It  is  occasionally  fissured  mesially  (perhaps  in  drying)  but  not  properly  notched 
or  bilobed. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  133 

c'\  Breadth  of  subgeuital  plate  of  male  variable,  but  generally  narrower  than 
long,  its  apical  margin  usually  entire;  cerci  rarely  less  than  four  times  as 
long  as  middle  breadth  (when  less,  at  least  three  times  as  long,  and  then  the 
apical  margin  of  the  subgeuital  plate  is  entire),  generally  slender,  excepting 
sometimes  at  extreme  base  when  there  is  great  disparity  in  width  between 
the  basal  and  apical  halves,  the  basal  half  generally  tapering  considerably, 
the  apical  half  often  much  narrower  than  the  basal,  rarely  showing  any 
excision  of  the  lower  margin,  the  apex  narrowly  rounded  or  bluntly  pointed. 
/'.  Subgeuital  plate  of  male  as  broad  or  nearly  as  broad  at  apex  as  at  base, 
generally  elevated  apically  and  often  notched  (generally  narrowly) ;  cerci 
usually  narrowing  but  little  on  basal  half,  the  apical  half  equal  and  sym- 
metrical, bluntly  rounded  (rarely  truncate  or  angulate)  apically. 
01.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  notched  with  greater  or  less 
distinctness;  cerci  slender,  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa,  subequal. 
straight  or  only  gently  incurved  (7.  Devastator  series). 

/i1.  Small  species,  with  tegmina  not  surpassing  the  hind  femora  in 
either  sex;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  distinctly  less 
than  twice  as  broad  as  long. 

il.  Cerci  of  male  narrowed  rather  than  broadened  apically. 
jl.  External  surface  of  male  cerci  apically  dimpled;  furcula  with 
the  tapering  portion  relatively  broad,  distinctly  flattened,  almost 
reaching  the  middle  of  the  supraaual  plate. 

fc1.  Prozona  of  male  longitudinal;   fingers  of  furcula  parallel; 

cerci  bent  inward  apically 28.  diminutus  (p.  190). 

fc2.  Prozona  of  male  quadrate;   lingers  of  furcula    divergent; 

cerci  gently  inonrved  throughout 29.  consanguineiis  (p.  192). 

j*.  External  surface  of  male  cerci  silicate  through  apical  third  or 
more;  furcula  with  the  tapering  portion  very  slender,  not  flat- 
tened, not  nearly  reaching  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate. 

30.  sierranus  (p.  193). 

i-.  Cerci  of  male   feebly   erfj^a-rged    apically  rather  than  narrowed. 

31.  ater(p.  194). 

/i-'.  Medium-sized  species,  w^ih  tegmina  almost  always  surpassing  the 
hind  femora  in  the  male  and*usually  in  both  sexes;  interval  between 
mesosternal  lobes  of  male  fully  twice,  generally  more  than  twice,  as 
long  as  broad. 

i1.  Tegmiua  more  or  less,  generally  distinctly  and  profusely,  mac- 
ulate. 

j[.  Lateral  lobes  of  prozona  with  a  generally  distinct  black  baud, 
rarely  broken  and  then  by  no  conspicuous  pale  oblique  stripe. 

32.  derastator  (p.  196). 

/-.  Lateral  lobes  of  prozona  with  a  distinct  black  band,  always 
broken  by  a  conspiuous  more  or  less  arcuate  oblique  pale  stripe. 

33.  virgatus  (p.  199). 

t2.  Tegmiua  immaculate  or  with  the  feeblest  possible  sign  of  maeu- 
lation. 

j{.  Whole  body,  including  tegmina,  very  light  colored,  having  a 
bleached  appearance  with  no  dark  markings,  except  (and  very 

rarely)  dusky  clouds  on  hind  femora 34.  uniformis  (p.  201). 

/'.  Whole  body,  including  tegmiua,  moderately  dark,  the  lateral 
lobes  with  a  darker  stripe  and  the  hind  femora  distinctly  though 

not  conspicuously  bifaseiate 35.  angelicus  (p.  202). 

g-.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male  entire;  cerci  either 
broad  (broader  than  the  frontal  costa  or  fully  as  broad  as  it)  and  sub- 
equal ;  or  else  very  inequal.  tapering  rapidly  at  the  base  and  generally 
arcuate;  hind  tibiae  usually  red. 


134  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEl'M.  VOL.XX. 

ft1.  Supraanal  plate  regularly  triangular  with  straight  margins;  sub- 
geiiital  plate  with  a  postmarginal  tubercle  at  apex  (8.  Impudicus 

series) 36.  impudicus  (p.  204). 

ft2.  Supraanal  plate  with  sides  more  or  less  irregular  or  sinuate  by 
lateral  compression  or  by  the  depression  of  the  apical  half  of  the 
plate;  subgenital  plate  with  no  postmarginal  tubercle  though  some- 
times with  the  margin  itself  apically  thickened. 

11.  Interval   between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  distinctly  longer, 
generally  much  longer,  th:tn  broad  and  much  narrower  than  the 
lobes;  metastemal  lobes  attingent  or  subattingent  in  the  male  (12. 
Dawsoni  series). 

f.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  broad,  at  least  as  broad  as  long; 
cerci  incurved  feebly  and  gently  or  not  at.  all ;  hind  tibiae  red. 

50.  dau-soni  (p.  227). 

j'2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  rather  narrow,  narrower  than  long, 
although  short;  cerci  abruptly  incurved  apically;  hind  tibiae 
yellow. 

k].  Tegmina  only  attaining  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora;  supra- 
anal  plate  of  male  suddenly  depressed  in  apical  half;  furcula 
.  slightly  developed,  shorter  than  last  dorsal  segment. 

51.  fjlaclstoni  (p.  229). 

k:.  Tegmina  considerably  surpassing  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora; 
supraanal  plate  of  male  not  apically  depressed;  furcula  well 
developed,  about  one-third  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate. 

52.  palmeri  (p,  230). 

12.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  quadrate,  almost  or 
a  little  transverse  and  but  little  narrower  than  the  lobes;  meta- 
stemal lobes  of  male  only  approximate  (17.  Fasciatus  series). 

J1.  Cerci  no  slenderer  or  hardly  slenderer  on  apical  than  on  basal 
half,  far  surpassing  the  supraanal  plate;  furcula  very  slight,  not 

so  long  as  last  dorsal  segment 77.  fasciatus  (p.  267). 

j2.  Cerci  much  slenderer  on  apical  than  on  basal  half,  shorter  than 
the  supraanal  plate;  furcula  long  and  slender,  reaching  the  mid- 
dle of  the  supraanal  plate 78.  boreal! 8  (p.  270). 

/2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  conspicuously  narrower  at  apex  than  at  base 
(generally  only  half  as  wide),  rarely  at  all  elevated  at  apex  above  the  lateral 
margins  and  never  notched  ' :  cerci  always  distinctly  narrowing  on  basal 
half,  the  upper  angle  of  the  apex  prolonged  and  often  subacumiuate  (19. 
Femur-rubrum  series). 

(f.  Distal  half  of  male  cerci  much  less  than  half  as  broad  as  the  extreme 
base;  interval  between  mesosterual  lobes  of  male  nearly  or  quite  twice 
as  long  as  broad ;  tegmina  usually  surpassing  the  hind  femora. 

hl.  Pronotum  marked   above  with   light   carmal  streaks  on  a  dark 

ground  ;  tegmiua  dark  olivaceous  green 81.  plitmbetM  (p.  276). 

ft-.  Pronotura  uniform  in  coloring  above;  tegmina  dark  fuscous. 

11.  Furcula  not  reaching  or  scarcely  reaching  the  middle  of  the 
supraanal  plate 82.  femur-mbrum  (p.  278). 

12.  Furcula  extending  considerably  beyond  the  middle  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate 83.  propinquus  (p.  285;. 

g~.  Distal  half  of  male  cerci  distinctly  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the 
extreme  base;  interval  between  mesosterual  lobes  of  male  scarcely  if  at 
all  longer  than  broad;  tegmina  usually  falling  far  short  of  the  tips  of 
the  hind  femora. 


1  Except  in  M.  monticola,  where  it  is  very  broadly  and  shallowly  notched  by  the 
tubercular  elevation  of  the  lateral  extremities  of  the  apical  margin. 


NO.  1124.  iwrisroy  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDEK.  135 

hl.  Apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  not  elevated  where  it  joins  the 
lateral  margins,  so  thut  it  is  straight  as  seen  from  behind. 

84.  extremus  (p.  2X7). 

h°.  Apical   margin  of  subgenital  plate  elevated  to  form  a  tubercle 
•  where  it  joins  the  lateral  margins,  so  that  it  is  broadly  notched  as 

seen  from  behind 85.  monticola  (p.  290). 

c-.  Cerci  of  male  more  or  less  expanded  apically,  so  as  to  be  broader  at  some 
point  beyond  the  middle  than  at  the  middle,  spatulate  or  snbspatulate  or 
apically  bifurcate. 

dl.  Cerci  of  male  simply  spatulate  or  subspatulate,  at  most  moderately  broad, 
apically  entire  and  no  broader  than  at  base;  furcula  always  developed  as  dis- 
tinct deuticnlatioiis,  generally  as  long  or  very  long  ones. 
c1.  Furcula  of  male  long  and  prominent,  the  projecting  portion  much  longer 
than  the  last  dorsal  segment  from  which  it  springs,  generally  more  than  a 
third  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate. 

fl.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  only  moderately  broad  at  apex,  distinctly 

narrower  than  long,  never  in  the  least  notched  and  rarely,  and  then  but 

slightly,  elevated  apically;   furcula  rarely   (and  then  but  little)   less, 

usually  more,  than  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  hind  tibiae  green 

or  blue,  rarely  (M.  complan atipes}  reddish  yellow  (20.  Cinereus  series). 

gl.  Furcnla  of  male  only  moderately  broad  at  base,  tapering  uniformly, 

not  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;   cerci  uniformly 

incurved  throughout,  not  nearly  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal 

plate;  the  latter  abruptly  and  strongly  contracted  shortly  before  its 

tip. 

hl.  Prozona  of  male  quadrate  or  transverse ;  apical  margin  of  sub- 
genital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from  above,  well  rounded. 

86.  bispinosus  (p.  292). 

h2.  Prozoua  of  male  a  little  longer  than  its  basal  breadth;   apical 
margin  of  subgenital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from  above,  rounded 

angulate 87.  terminal™  (p.  293). 

#2.  Furcula  of  male  unusually  broad  at  base,  usually  tapering  unequally, 
the  narrowing  beginning  beyond  the  base  and  leaving  a  portion  of  the 
apex  equal  and  very  slender,  the  whole  considerably  more  than  half  the 
length  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  bent  suddenly  inward  before  the 
tip  and  at  the  tip  reassuming,  at  least  in  part,  the  original  course, 
reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate;  the  latter  with  no  abrupt  pre- 
apical  constriction. 

hl.  The  distal  twist  of  the  male  cerci  conspicuous  and  involving  the 
apical  half  of  the  same. 

11.  Furcula  of  male  narrowing  uniformly  or  almost  uniformly  through- 
out; hind  margin  of  pronotum.very  obtusangulate;  disk  of  protiotuni 
dotted  obscurely  if  at  all  with  fuscous 88.  cyanipes  (p.  295). 

12.  Furcula  of  male  with  a  considerable  part  of  the  apical  portion 
equal  and  very  slender;   hind   margin  of  pronotum  only  a  little 
obtusangulate;  disk  of  pronotum  generally  distinctly  dotted  with 
fuscous 89.  cinereus  (p.  296). 

A2.  The  distal  twist  of  the  male  cerci  inconspicuous,  involving  only 
the  extreme  tip. 

11.  Tegmina  long  and  very  slender,  far  surpassing  the  hind  femora, 
without  distinct  spots;   hind   femora  strongly  compressed;  hind 
tibiae  reddish  yellow 90.  complanatipea  (p.  298). 

12.  Tegmina  of  normal  width  and  but  little  surpassing  the  hind 
femora,  maculate  along  the  discoidal  area;  hind  femora  normal; 
hind  tibiae  glaucous 91.  canonicus  (p.  300). 


136  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MrSEW.  VOL  xx. 

/2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  very  broad  apically,  nearly  or  quite  as  broad 
as  long,  apically  generally  notched,  thongb  very  feebly ;  furcula  rarely 
(and  then  but  little)  more  than  a  third  the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
hind  tibiae  usually  red,  but  sometimes  blue  or  green  (21.  Angustipennis 
series). 
#' .  Hind  tibiae  red. 

ft1.  Prozona  of  male  subquadrate;  tegmina  very  slender,  subequal, 
scarcely  expanded  on  the  costa;  furcula  of  male  with  straight  sub- 
parallel  forks 92.  comptus  (p.  302). 

h-.  Prozona  of  male  distinctly  longitudinal,  much  longer  than  its  basal 
breadth ;  tegmina  of  ordinary  breadth  and  costal  expansion,  tapering; 
furcula  of  male  with  arcuate,  strongly  divergent  forks. 

93.  coccineipes  (p.  303). 
<jr2.  Hind  tibiae  glaucous. 

hl.  Furcula  of  male  not  more  than  a  third  as  loiig  as  the  supraaual 
plate;  tegmina  lightly  maculate  or  immaculate. 

94.  angustipennis  (p.  305). 
ft2.  Furcula  of  male  more  than  a  third  as  long  as  the  supraaual  plate; 

tegmina  usually  heavily  maculate 95.  impiger  (p.  306) . 

e2.  Furcula  of  male  slight,  the  projecting  portion  not  longer  or  s  ircely 
longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment  from  which  it  springs. 
f1.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  broad,  throughout  broader  than  the  extreme 
base  of  the  cerci ;  apical  portion  of  supraaual  plate  suddenly  depressed 
just  beyond  the  middle;  cerci  moderately  broad,  not  much  narrowed  in 
the  middle,  more  or  less  suddenly  bent  inward  near  tip,  exteriorly  sulcate 
at  apex  (22.  Packardii  series). 

g1.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  nearly  or  quite  twice  as 
long  as  broad. 

A1.  Median  carina  of  pronotum  obsolete  or  almost  obsolete  on  the  pro- 
zoua,  distinct  but  low  on  the  metazona;  extremity  of  male  cerci 
nearly  plane  exteriorly  or  merely  depressed  within  the  margin ;  forks 
of  furcula  conspicuously  divergent. 

11.  Prozona  ordinarily  with  a  broad  median  dark  stripe,  made  more 
conspicuous  by  the  much  lighter  colors  on  either  side,  or  else  light- 
brownish  testaceous;  antennae  of  male  but  little  more  than  three- 
fourths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora;  hind  tibiae  blue  or  red. 

90.  packardii  (p.  309). 

12.  Prozona  with  uniform  dingy  coloring  on  disk ;  antennae  of  male 
almost  aslong  as  the  hind  femora ;  hind  tibiae  red.  97.  foedus  (p.  311 ). 

ft2.  Median  carina  of  pronotum  tolerably  distinct  on  the  prozona,  at 
least  anteriorly,  distinct  and  moderately  high  on  the  metazona; 
extremity  of  male  cerci  deeply  sulcate  exteriorly  or  else  tumid;  forks 
of  furcula  parallel  or  only  slightly  divergent. 

11.  Larger  species;  narrowest  part  of  interval  between  mesosternal 
lobes  of  male  narrower  than  the  narrowest  part  of  frontal  costa; 
sides  of  head  and  prozona  rarely  with  any  black  band ;  interval 
between  mesosterual  lobes  of  female  strongly  transverse;  hind  fem- 
ora red  beneath ;  hind  tibiae  stout 98.  corpulent  us  (p.  313). 

12.  Smaller  species;  narrowest  part  of  interval  between  mesosternal 
lobes  of  male  equal  to  the  narrowest  part  of  frontal  costa;  sides  of 
head  and  prozona  with  a  black  baud;  interval  between  mesosterual 
lobes  of  female  subquadrate;  hind  femora  yellow   beneath;  hind 
tibiae  slender 99.  conspersus  (p.  315). 

#2.  Interval  between  mesosterual  lobes  of  male  subquadrate. 

100.  compact  u  s  (p.  316). 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLT—  SC UDDER.  137 

/2.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  very  narrow  and  narrower  apieally  than  the 
extreme  base  of  the  cerci ;  supraanal  plate  on  the  same  general  plane 
throughout;  cerci  slender  and  much  narrowed  in  the  middle,  gradually 
incurved,  exteriorly  tumid  at  apex  (24.  Plebejus  series). 
(f.  Subgenital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from  above,  apically  angulate  and 

tuberculate 109.  maryinaiit8  (p.  330). 

02.  Subgeuital  plate  of  male,  as  seen  from  above,  apically  well  rounded 

and  simple 110.  paroxyoides  (p.  331). 

d'2.  Cerci  of  male  apically  bifurcate,  or  with  an  inferior  submedian  process  or 
abrupt  angulatiou,  or  else  expanded  so  as  to  be  distinctly,  generally  much, 
broader  apically  than  at  the  extreme  base  ;  furcula  wanting  or  minute,  rarely 
(JLT.  arlzonae)  a  fourth  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate. 

e1.  Size  small  or  medium;  cerci  of  male  always  bifurcate  or  with  an  inferior 
submedian  process  or  abrupt  angalation ;  supraaiial  plate  pretty  regularly 
triangular,  with  straight  or  feebly  convex  lateral  margins;  furcula  usually 
distinctly  developed,  rarely  (M.collinus)  wanting;  prosternal  spine  usually 
short  (25.  'Collinus  series). 

/'.  Lower  fork  of  bifurcation  of  male  cerci  much  longer  than  the  upper; 
apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  narrowly,  abruptly,  and  considerably 
';0        elevated. 

ff.  Small  species;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  more  than 
twice  as  long  as  broad ;  of  female  quadrate ;  median  portion  of  male 

cerci  cylindrical,  not  compressed 111.  dlpinm  (p.  333). 

g-.  Very  small  .species;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  half 
as  long  again  as  broad;  of  female  transverse;  median  portion  of  male 

cerci  compressed — 112.  infantilis  (p.  335). 

/-.  Upper  fork  of  bifurcation  of  male  cerci  longer  than  the  lower,  which 
is  sometimes  merely  an  inferior  median  or  postmedian  process;  apical 
margin  of  subgenital  plate  elevated,  if  at  all,  only  broadly,  gradually,  and 
a  little. 

</'.  Furcula  of  male  distinctly  present;    apical  margin   of  subgeuital 
plate  distinctly  elevated  more  or  less  above  the  lateral  margins. 
h1.  Furcula  of  male  consisting  of  slender  spines,  longer  than  the  last 
dorsal  segment ;  base  of  lateral  margins  of  subgenital  plates  incurved. 

11.  Furcula  of  male  less  than  a  fourth  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate ; 
apical  half  of  cerci  bent  upward  from  the  basal  course. 

j].  Prozona  of  male  subquadrate;  supraanal  plate  with  the  apical 
and  basal  portions  in  one  plane;  subgeuital  plate  of  equal  or  sub- 
equal  breadth  beyond  the  middle 113.  minor  (p.  337). 

jl.  Frozona  of  male  distinctly  longitudinal;  supraanal  plate  with 
the  apical  portion  distinctly  elevated  above  the  median ;  snbgen- 
ital  plate  distinctly  narrowing  beyond  the  middle.  * 

114.  confusm  (p.  339). 

12.  Furcula  of  male  half  as  long  as  the  supraaual  plate;  anal  cerci 
incurved  but  otherwise  straight 115.  arizonae  (p.  340). 

Ji2.  Furcnlaof  male  consisting  of  brief  triangular  lobes;  base  of  lateral 
margins  of  subgeuital  plate  not  incurved. 

i1.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  twice  as  long  as 
broad ;  upper  fork  of  cerci  scarcely  bent  upward  above  the  trend  of 
the  basal  stem. 

.;'.  Upper  fork  of  male  cerci  much  shorter  than  the  stem;  sub- 
genital  plate  shorter  than  broad 116.  keeleri  (p.  341). 

j~.  Upper  fork  of  male  cerci  nearly  as  long  as  the  stem;  subgen- 
ital plate  of  equal  length  and  breadth 117.  deleter  (p.  343). 

i:.  Interval  between  mesosterual  lobes  of  male  scarcely  longer  than 
broad;  upper  fork  of  cerci  bent  distinctly  upward. 

118.  Juridus  (p.  344). 


138  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX 

g'2.  Furcula  of  male  absent;  apical  margin  of  subgenital  plate  not  ele- 
vated above  the  lateral  margins 119.  collinus  (p.  346). 

e~2.  Size  medium  or  large;  cerci  of  male  rarely  bifurcate  or  with  an  inferior 
process  (and  then  the  insect  is  of  large  size,  which  it  never  is  in  the  alter- 
nate category,  and  the  supraanal  plate  is  distinctly  shield-shaped,  the  apical 
half  tapering  with  much  greater  rapidity  than  the  basal;  or  the  furcula  is 
absent;  or  the  interval  between  the  mesostenml  lobes  of  the  male  is  three 
times  as  long  as  broad,  which  it  never  is  in  the  alternate  category) ;  supra- 
anal  plate  of  variable  shape;  furcula  either  absent  or  very  minutely 
developed;  prosternal  spine  tisually  long. 

fl.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  nearly,  fully,  or  much 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad ;  of  female  generally  longer  than  broad, 
rarely  quadrate ;  prosternal  spine  generally  long;  tegmina  usually  clear, 
or  with  a  marked  distinction  in  color  between  the  dorsal  and  lateral  areas, 
or  with  the  angle  between  the  two  marked  by  a  conspicuous  light-colored 
stripe;  head  less  prominent  and  with  less  prominent  eyes  in  the  male  than 
in  the  alternate  category,  the  front  margin  of  the  pronotum  in  no  way 
flaring  to  receive  the  head. 

gl.  Furcula  of  male  entirely  absent,  or  present  only  as  a  minute  point 
or  bead ;  hind  tibiae  usually  yellow,  but  sometimes  red  (26.  Robustus 
series). 

hl.  Tegmina  fully  equal  to  or  surpassing  the  hind  femora;  hind  tibiae 
yellow. 

i ' .  Cerci  of  male  boot-shaped,  the  apical  foot  as  long  as  the  basal  leg, 
the  apical  margin  deeply  emarginate  below ;  markings  of  the  outer 
face  of  hind  femora  so  run  together  as  to  be  more  longitudinal  than 

transverse 120.  diffcrentlalis  (p.  349). 

i-.  Cerci  of  male  apically  expanded  only  a  little  more  above  than 
below,  the  apical  margin  regularly  or  almost  regularly  convex; 
markings  of  outer  face  of  hind  femora  transverse. 

121.  robustus  (p.  354). 

fr2.  Tegmina  somewhat  abbreviated,  not  reaching  the  extremity   of 
the  hind  femora;  hind  tibiae  red  or  reddish  yellow. 
i1.  Apical  margin  of  male  cerci  convex  or  augulato-convex. 
jl.  Tegmina  distinctly  and  considerably  spotted  with  fuscous  on 
the  lateral  face ;  cerci  of  male  nearly  equal  on  proximal  half,  the 

apical  margin  convex 122.  viola  (p.  355). 

j-.  Tegmina  almost  uniformly  fuscous  on  lateral  face ;  cerci  of  male 
distinctly  tapering  on  proximal  half,  the  apical  margin  broadly 

angulate 123.  clypeatm  (p.  357). 

i3.  Male  cerci  apically  forked,   the  apical    border    being    deeply 

emarginate 124.  furcatns  (p.  358). 

g".  Furcula  of  male  distinctly  present,  though  always  very  small,  angu- 
late, the  angle  rarely  produced;  hind  tibiae  never  yellow,  usually  red, 
rarely  purplish  and  yellow  at  tip  (27.  Bivittatus  series). 

7tl.  Interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  distinctly  more  than 
twice  as  long  as  broad;  pronotum  with  conspicuous  light-colored 
lateral  stripes  on  the  disk,  their  outer  margin  at  the  position  of  lateral 
carinae. 

i1.  Cerci  of  male  very  much  more  expanded  apically  above  than 
below,  the  apical  border  slightly  emargiuate  below. 

j*.  Hind  tibiae  clear  red  throughout 125.  fcmoratus  (p.  360). 

/-.  Hind  tibiae  purplish  basally,  yellow,  rarely  reddish,  apically. 

126.  Innltatns  (p.  363). 
i:.  Cerci  of  male  apically  expanded  but  little  more  above  than  below ; 

the  apical  border  convex,  with  no  emargiuatioii  below 

127.  thomaki  (p.  368). 


NO.  1124.  RETTSION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  139 


h*.  Interval  between  niesosternal  lobes  of  male  a  little  less  than  twice 
as  long  as  broad;  proiiotum  nnicolorous  on  disk,  any  lateral  stripes 
being  confined  to  the  position  of  lateral  carinae. 

i1.  Prozona  of  male   feebly  longitudinal;   apical  margin   of   sub- 
genital  plate  considerably  elevated  and  truncate;  furcula  formed  of 

apically  rectangulate  lobes 128.  yarrowii  (p.  369). 

»-.  Prozona  of  male  distinctly  longitudinal;  apical  margin  of  sub- 
genital  plate   considerably  prolonged  and  subtuberculate;  furcula 

formed  of  rounded  lobes  with  a  slight  prolongation 

129.  oUraceus  (p.  370). 

/*.  Interval  between  niesosternal  lobes  of  male  subquadrate;  of  female 
transverse;  prosternal  spine  short;  tegmina  maculate  with  roundish  fus- 
cous spots;  eyes  of  male  and  head  prominent,  the  front  margin  of  the  pro- 
notum  flaring  to  receive  the  head  (28.  Punctulatus  series). 

</'.  Of  large  size:  furcula  present  as  a  pair  of  very  small denticulations; 
apical  margin  of  male  cerci  broadly  convex,  feebly  emarginate  on  the 

lower  half 130.  arboretis  (p.  372). 

g2.  Of  medium  size;   furcula  wanting;   apical  margin  of  male    cerci 
augulato-convex  with  no  inferior  emargiuation.  131.  punctulatm  (p.  371). 

1.  LAKINUS  SERIES. 

In  this  small  and  compact  group  the  prozona  of  the  male  is  longitu- 
dinal, and  the  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same 
sex  longer  than  broad,  sometimes  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The  anten- 
nae are  rather  short.  The  tegmina  are  but  little  longer  than  the  pro- 
notum,  overlapping,  and  apically  acuminate.  The  hind  tibiae  are  glau- 
cous (or  pale  red)  with  nine  to  twelve  (normally  ten)  spines  in  the  outer 
series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  subtriangular,  with  rather  plane  surface, 
except  for  the  rather  prominent  ridges  bordering  and  forming  between 
them  the  median  sulcus;  the  furcula  consists  of  a  pair  of  pointed  slen- 
der teeth  but  little  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  the  cerci  are 
very  peculiar,  enlarging  and  bullate  beyond  the  base,  but  with  angu- 
lar imirgins,  sulcate  inferiorly,  compressed  but  longitudinally  convex 
exteriorly,  abruptly  narrowing  beyond  the  middle  and  incurved,  ending 
in  a  superior,  short,  flattened  finger  directed  toward  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  the  subgenital  plate  is  very  short  and  apically  very 
broad,  subconical,  with  a  strongly  and  abruptly  elevated  though 
laterally  brief  apical  margin. 

The  three  species  belonging  here  are  rather  bulky  insects,  rather 
above  the  medium  size  for  the  genus,  and  they  range  from  southwestern 
Nebraska  and  Colorado  to  central  Mexico. 

i.  MELANOPLUS  MARCULENTUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  X,  fig.  1.) 
Pezolettij-  nutrcuJentus  BRUNEI*!,  MS. 

Brownish  fuscous,  often  more  or  less  testaceous.  Head  brownish 
testaceous,  tending  to  flavous  above,  where  there  is  a  rather  broad 
posteriorly  enlarging  median  streak  and  a  broad  submedian  brownish 


140  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

pieeous  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  barely  elevated  above  the 
pronotuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly  (male)  or  much 
more  than  (female)  twice  as  broad  as  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastig- 
ium  distinctly  sulcate,  with  elevated  rounded  margins;  frontal  costa 
fading  just  before  the  clypeus  at  least  in  the  male,  slightly  narrowed 
above,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  (or  barely  nar- 
rower in  the  female),  slightly  sulcate  excepting  above,  punctate 
throughout;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  slightly  prominent  in  the  male, 
barely  longer  (male)  or  barely  shorter  (female)  than  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  rufous,  sometimes  a  little  infuscated 
apically,  two-thirds  (male)  or  less  than  three-fifths  (female)  as  long- 
as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  slightly  (male)  or  distinctly  (female) 
enlarging  from  in  front  posteriorly,  the  disk  rounded  subtectiform, 
passing  by  a  distinct  but  rounded  angle  into  the  gently  tumid  sub- 
vertical  lateral  lobes,  often  with  feeble  subflavous  lateral  stripes  next 
the  lateral  carinae,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona 
occupied  by  a  more  or  less  distinct  blackish  (sometimes  pieeous)  belt, 
sometimes  followed  below  by  luteous  flecks;  median  carina  percurrent 
but  less  distinct  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  metazona,  generally  sub- 
obsolete  between  the  sulci  in  the  male;  front  margin  faintly  convex, 
hind  margin  very  broadly  obtusangulate,  sometimes  rotundato-obtus- 
angulate;  prozoua  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  faintly  longitudinal 
or  quadrate  (female),  fully  a  third  (male)  or  but  little  (female)  longer 
than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long, 
appressed  conical,  rather  bluntly  pointed,  a  little  retrorse;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  from  half  as  long  again  as  broad  to  twice 
as  broad  with  divergent  sides  (male)  or  transverse  but  much  narrower 
than  the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or 
approximate  (female).  Tegmina  ovate  lanceolate,  apically  acuminate, 
overlapping,  somewhat  longer  than  the  pronotum,  brownish  fuscous, 
generally  with  a  narrow  median  line  of  alternating  blackish  and  flavous 
dots  or' dashes;  wings  pale  flavous,  sublinear,  aborted.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  testaceous, 
more  or  less  suffused  either  with  ferruginous  or  olivaceous,  the  outer 
face  often  iufuscated,  especially  in  the  upper  half,  the  upper  face  and 
especially  its  inner  half  bimaculate  with  blackish  fuscous,  which  some- 
times invades  the  flavo-testaceous  inner  face,  the  lower  face  more  or 
less  rufous  or  ferruginous,  the  geiiicular  arc  pieeous;  hind  tibiae  glau- 
cous, the  spines  pallid  at  base,  black  a-pically,  nine  to  twelve  (usually 
ten)  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
clavate  but  apically  conical,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  tri- 
angular, with  feebly  convex  sides,  bluntly  acutangulate  apex,  and 
surface  nearly  plane  except  for  the  rather  high,  percurrent  but  apic- 
ally obsolescent,  submedian  ridges  bounding  the  moderately  narrow 
median  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  small  and  short,  sub- 
parallel,  tapering,  pointed  fingers  or  spines  lying  on  the  outer  side  of 


NO.  1124.  REriSIOX  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—  SCUDDER.  141 

the  submedian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate,  and  projecting  over  it  by 
a  little  more  than  the  length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerei  bullate, 
strongly  incurved,  exteriorly  flattened  but  a  little  convex  longitudi- 
nally, at  first  enlarging  and  swelling,  the  inferior  margin  bent  roundly 
at  a  right  angle  in  the  middle  (before  which  the  margin  itself  is  trans- 
versely abruptly  rectangulate,  beyond  it  acutangulate,  so  that  the  lower 
face  is  sulcate),  then  suddenly  contracted,  with  the  upper  portion  pro- 
duced as  a  short,  tapering,  bluntly  pointed,  compressed  finger,  which 
does  not  reach  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  very 
much  broader  than  long,  subconical,  the  apical  margin  abruptly  and 
greatly  elevated,  thickened  and  well  rounded. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7 
mm.,  female,  7.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  6  mm.,  female,  7.25  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

Thirty-two  males,  42  females.  Montelovez,  Ooahuila,  Mexico,  Sep- 
tember 20,  E.  Palmer;  Sierra  Kola,  Tamaulipas,  Mexico,  December 
3-6,  E.  Palmer;  Sierra  de  San  Miguelito,  and  mountains  twelve  leagues 
east  of  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  E.  Palmer;  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico, 
October,  E.  Palmer,  E.  Barroeta;  Bledos,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico, 
October  1,  E.  Palmer;  Zacatecas,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner) ;  Aguas 
Calientes,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner). 

2.  MELANOPLUS  LAKINUS. 
(Plate  X,  fig.  2.) 

Pezolettix  lakiniis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  79-80; 
Cent.  Ortli.  (1879),  pp.  68-69.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 
p.  59;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  136;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893), 
p.  27. 

Vertex  of  the  head  gently  tumid,  scarcely  elevated  above  the  pro- 
notum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first 
autennal  joint;  fastigium  broad,  shallow,  flat,  expanding  in  front,  the 
bounding  walls  low  and  thick ;  frontal  costa  moderate,  slightly  expanded 
at  the  ocellus,  sulcate  almost  throughout,  only  the  summit  flat,  about 
as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes;  eyes  rather  small,  not 
prominent,  about  as  long  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  anten- 
nae about  three-fourths  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  short,  especially  in  the  female,  but  simple, 
expanding  slightly  posteriorly,  either  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the 
prozona  slightly  and  independently  tumid  in  the  male;  front  border 
truncate,  hind  border  very  little  angulated  and  rounded;  median  carina 
slight  but  distinct,  equal;  lateral  carinae  well  marked,  forming  a  nearly 
square  shoulder,  especially  on  the  hinder  portion  of  the  prozona;  pro- 
zona  longitudinal  (male)  or  subquadrate  (female),  slightly  (male)  or 
scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  moderately  long,  a  little  shorter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male, 


142  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

conical,  feebly  oppressed,  slightly  retrorse;  interspace  between  meso- 
sternal  lobes  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  subquadrate  (female), 
the  metasternal  lobes  attfngent  (male)  or  approximate  (female.)  Teg- 
inina  abbreviate,  overlapping,  lanceolate,  sharply  pointed,  longer  than 
the  pronotum,  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad,  their  inner  and  costal  mar- 
gins about  equally  convex.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate, 
considerably  recurved,  bluntly  conical,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular, 
as  long  as  broad,  the  sides  nearly  straight,  the  tip  rounded;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  distant  processes,  broad  at  base,  with  a 
slight  tapering  pointed  projection,  the  whole  very  small;  cerci  very 
tumid,  sphcrico-triangular  at  base,  carinate  on  the  posterior  outer 
margin,  with  a  slight,  equal,-  and  blunt-tipped  finger,  shorter  than  the 
base,  extending  inward  and  upward  from  the  basal  swelling;  subgeni- 
tal  plate  short,  considerably  broader  at  apex  than  long,  because  the 
extreme  posterior  margin  is  produced  to  form  a  rather  large  rounded 
elevation  nearly  as  high  as  broad. 

The  general  color  is  a  brownish  griseous,  tinged  below  with  yellcw- 
ish;  the  antennae  are  dark  and  sometimes  darker  apically;  along  the 
top  of  the  head  and  pronotum  is  a  blackish  fuscous  rather  broad 
median  stripe,  sometimes  broadening  in  patches,  sometimes  obsolete; 
the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  is  marked  by  a 
broad  blackish  fuscous  belt,  which  is  often  separated  from  the  front 
margin  and  the  frequent  extension  of  the  band  to  the  eyes  by  a  nar- 
row yellow  line.  The  teginina  are  uniformly  griseous,  with  a  slender 
median  line  of  alternate  yellowish  and  fuscous  flecks,  often  obsolete. 
The  hind  femora  are  lighter  or  darker  testaceous,  with  two  very  broad, 
oblique,  blackish  purple  belts,  which  do  not  reach  the  pale  orange 
under  surface;  hind  tibiae  dull  glaucous,  the  spines  pale  at  base,  black 
tipped,  ten  to  eleven,  usually  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Sides 
of  abdomen  marked  with  black  at  base. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22  mm.,  female,  30  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  9  mm., 
female,  9.5  mm.;  tegmiua,  male  and  female,  7  mm.;  hind  femora,  male, 
12.5  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Seven  males,  7  females.  Between  Lincoln,  Nebraska,  and  Denver, 
Colorado,  October  3;  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet,  Sep- 
tember 1;  Colorado  (C.  P.  Gillette);  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison; 
Pueblo,  Colorado,  4,700  feet,  August  30-31;  Las  Cruces,  Donna  Ana 
County,  New  Mexico,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell. 

It  is  also  reported  from  southwest  Nebraska  (Bruner). 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  the  last,  differing  from  it  in  its 
narrower  interspace  between  the  sternal  lobes,  the  oblique  bands  on 
the  outer  face  of  the  hind  femora,  the  more  distant  forks  of  the  furcula 
of  the  male,  and  the  stouter  apical  process  of  the  subgeuital  plate; 
the  cerci  are  much  the  same. 


NO.  1121.  EE VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI-SCUDDEK.  143 

3.  MELANOPLUS  SONORAE,  new  species; 
(Plate  X,  fig.  3.) 

Pale  testaceous  (alcoholic  specimens).  Head  not  prominent,  uniform 
in  coloring  except  for  a  sometimes  obsolete  median  black  stripe  on  sum- 
mit, and  a  broad  postocular  piceous  baud;  vertex  feebly  tumid,  not  or 
slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
half  as  broad  again  (male),  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first 
anteunal  joint:  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  silicate  throughout,  more 
broadly  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  frontal  costa  percurreut,  rather 
prominent  above  but  shallow  below,  equal  except  for  a  sudden  and 
slight  contraction  between  the  antennae,1  fiilly  as  broad  as  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  faintly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  finely 
and  faintly  punctate  throughout;  eyes  of  medium  size  and  prominence, 
longer,  in  the  male  much  longer,  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the 
geuae;  antennae  testaceous,  nearly  two-thirds  (male)  or  one-half  (female) 
as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  compressed,  unusually  equal, 
scarcely  or  not  expanding  on  the  metazona,  the  disk  very  uniform, 
broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  rounded  angle  into  the  iuferiorly  vertical 
faintly  tumid  lateral  lobes  without  forming  lateral  cariuae;  a  broad 
piceous  belt,  sometimes  obscured,  occupies  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral 
lobes  of  theprozona;  median  carina distinct,  percurrent,  equal;  front 
margin  subtruucate,  hind  margin  very  obtusangulate;  prozoua  dis- 
tinctly (male)  or  feebly  (female)  longitudinal,  about  a  fourth  longer 
than  the  finely  punctate  metazoua,  which  encroaches  upon  it  mesially 
by  the  angularity  of  the  principal  sulcus.  Prosternal  spine  rather 
long,  appressed  conical,  a  little  retrorse,  bluntly  pointed;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  subequal,  a  little  longer  than  broad  (male) 
or  transverse  but  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmiua  abbre- 
viate, ovate-lanceolate,  overlapping,  from  a  little  longer  than  the  pro- 
uotum  to  a  third  as  long  again,  apically  rather  abruptly  acuminate, 
brownish-testaceous,  sometimes  with  feeble  signs  of  a  slender  line  of 
maculations.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  the  male  a  little  tumid;  hind 
femora  slender,  testaceous  (apparently  olivaceo  testaceous),  sometimes 
bimaculate  with  fuscous  on  the  inner  half  of  the  upper  face,  with  black 
genicnlar  arc;  hind  tibiae  pale  red  (?),  apically  infuscated,  the  spines 
pallid  at  base  and  black  beyond,  ten  to. eleven,  rarely  twelve,  in  num- 
ber in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  strongly 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  but  suddenly  tapering  a  little 
more  rapidly  just  before  the  rectaugulate  apex,  the  margins  not  in  the 
least  elevated,  the  surface  sloping  in  a  concave  curve  to  the  summit  of 
the  very  sharp  and  rather  high  submedian  ridges  inclosing  the  very 
deep  and  rather  narrow  percurreut  median  sulcus,  whose  margins  are 


1  In  one  female  specimen  this  is  abnormally  extended  to  nearly  the  whole  supra- 
ocellar  region,  narrowing  the  costa  by  one-half. 


144  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL  xx. 

a  little  contracted  in  the  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather 
distant,  moderately  slender,  scarcely  tapering,  blunt,  dark  denticula- 
tions,  overlying  the  outer  slopes  of  the  subinedian  ridges  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  and  extending  over  the  plate  by  only  a  little  more  than  the 
length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  strongly  cornpressed-bulLite 
just  beyond  the  base,  the  bullate  portion  broader  than  long  and  exte- 
riorly very  strongly  and  longitudinally  convex,  beneath  sulcate,  the 
whole  bullate  portion  abruptly  narrowing  and  terminating  in  a  com- 
pressed, indirected,  round-tipped,  equal  and  short  finger,  falling  a  little 
short  of  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  short,  sub- 
conical,  and  apically  very  broad  by  the  abrupt  rounded  production  of 
the  apical  margin,  the  process  of  about  equal  height  and  posterior 
breadth,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male,  6.5 
mm.  (est),  female,  6  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  6  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.25  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

One  male,  4  females.  Souora,  Mexico,  A.  Schott,  Mexican  Boundary 
Survey. 

This  species  differs  from  the  preceding  two  in  the  uniformity  of  the 
pronotura,  which  does  not  expand  posteriorly,  and  has  a  uniformly 
sharp  median  cariua  throughout;  it  is  also  lighter  bodied  and  less 
heavily  marked. 

2.  FLABELLIFEK  SERIES. 

In  this  series,  one  of  the  few  which  combines  macropterous  and  bra- 
chypterous  forms,  the  male  prozona  is  feebly  or  distinctly  longitudinal, 
occasionally  quadrate,  the  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  of 
the  same  sex  varying  from  quadrate  to  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  or 
somewhat  more.  The  tegmina  are  either  fully  developed,  though  at 
most  but  slightly  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  much  and  irregularly 
maculate;  or  half  as  long  as  the  abdomen,  heavily  marked  in  the  dis- 
coidal  field  and  subacuminate;  or  shorter  than  the  pronotum  and  then 
apically  rounded.  The  length  of  the  tegmina  in  each  species,  however, 
is  fixed.  The  hind  tibiae  are  blue,  with  nine  to  eleven  spines  in  the 
outer  series,  or,  in  some  brachypterous  forms,  red,  with  ten  to  thirteen 
spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  triangular,  rather  longer  than  broad,  with  no 
or  slightly  developed  transverse  ridges.  The  furcula  is  minute  or  sub- 
obsolete,  except  in  a  single  instance  where  it  is  small.  The  cerci  are 
broad,' often  excessively  broad  and  nabellate,  enlarging  from  the  base 
toward  the  middle,  at  least  in  the  macropterous  forms,  rarely  as  much 
as  twice  as  long  as  broad,  broadly  rounded  apically.  The  subgeuital 
plate  is  short  and  broad,  sometimes  with  a  slight  apical  tubercle,  the 
lateral  margins  straight,  the  apical  margin  not  elevated,  or  only  in  a 
single  instance. 

M.  rileyanus  is  the  most  aberrant  form,  having  very  brief  tegmma, 


NO.  1124. 


i;i:rrxrox  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCVDDKH.  145 


the  furcula  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment,  and  the  lateral  margins 
of  the  subgenital  plate  slightly  elevated  apically. 

The  species,  six  in  number,  are  evenly  divided  between  macropterous 
and  brachypterous  forms — and  this  is  the  only  homogeneous  series  of 
Melanoplus  in  which  they  are  so — of  small  or  rather  small  size,  and  are 
found  only  in  the  district  to  the  west  of  the  Mississippi  and  mainly  in 
the  Cordilleran  region.  They  have  not  been  reported  north  of  the 
United  States,  and  a  single  species  has  been  found  to  extend  south  of 
our  boundary  in  northern  Mexico;  while  another  species  is  known  only 
from  California  and  is  the  only  one  occurring  west  of  the  Sierra  Nevada, 
(the  same  species,  M.  rileyanus,  mentioned  above). 

4.  MELANOPLUS  OCCIDENTALIS. 
(Plate  X,  fig.  4.) 

Caloptenm  occidental  THOMAS  !,  Aim.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p.  453, 
pi.  n,  tig.  2.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872), pi. xi, fig.  2.— THOMAS!, 
Rep.U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  161;?,  Rep.  Geol.  Geogr.  Surv.  100th 
mer.,V  (1875),  p.  893;?,  Proc.  Dav.  Acad.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.261.— SCUDDER,  Bull. 
U.S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  11(1876),  p.  261.— THOMAS,  ibid.,  IV  (1878),  p.  484.— 
BRUNER,  Cau.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  145.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Conmi.,  I 
(1878),  p.  43.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  II  (1883),  p.  9;  ibid., 
Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Melanoplus  variolosus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  67-68; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  56-57.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883) 
p.  61. 

Melanoplus  occidental  BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28. 

Of  medium  or  rather  small  size.  Head  very  slightly  elevated,  a  very 
little  arched;  fastigium  rather  shallow,  particularly  in  the  female,  the 
margins  in  front  of  the  eyes  blunt,  gently  diverging  and  then  converg- 
ing, but  in  the  female  subparallel;  interspace  between  the  eyes  as 
broad  (male)  or  half  as  broad  again  (female)  as  the  first  autenual  joint; 
frontal  costa  more  than  usually  prominent,  about  as  broad  as  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  scarcely  contracted  above,  scarcely  enlarged 
at  the  ocellus,  at  and  below  which  it  is  somewhat  sulcate;  e^es  rather 
prominent,  anteriorly  truncate;  antennae  somewhat  more  (male)  or 
slightly  less  (female)  than  three-fourths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotuni  enlarging  on  the  metazoua,  laterally  subturaid  in  an  irregu- 
lar way  on  the  prozona,  the  metazona  faintly  punctate;  front  margin 
feebly  convex,  with  a  feeble  median  emargiuatiou ;  hind  margin  roundly 
obtusangulate;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  nietazona,  faint  on  the 
prozona,  obsolete  between  the  sulci;  sides  of  the  pronotum  hardly 
shouldered  or  with  very  rounded  shoulders;  transverse  sulci  of  pro- 
zona pretty  distinct  and  continuous;  prozona  longitudinal,  a  little 
longer  than  the  metazona  (male)  or  transverse,  no  longer  than  the 
metazona  (female).  Prosternal  spine  rather  short,  oppressed  conical, 
broadly  rounded  at  tip,  a  little  retrorse;  interspace  between  mesoster- 
nal  lobes  about  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  transverse  (female). 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 10 


146  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

Tegmina  extending  to  or  a  little  beyond  the  tip  of  the  abdomen,  slender, 
scarcely  tapering,  profusely  maculate  throughout,  as  described  below. 
Supraanal  plate  of  male  rounded  triangular,  pointed,  fully  as  broad  as 
long;  furcula  consisting  of  minute  triangular  denticles;  cerci  flabel- 
late,  each  consisti  g  of  a  very  broad,  upturned  lateral  lamella,  whose 
anterior  edge  is  gently  convex,  whose  lower  is  strongly  convex  only  at 
the  expanded  base  and  there  thickened,  the  tip  rounded,  angular,  and 
the  whole  half  as  long  again  as  the  extreme  width;  subgenital  plate 
shallowly  scoop-shaped,  the  apical  edge  entire,  but  just  below  it,  at  the 
extremity,  a  conical  tubercle.  Basal  tooth  of  the  lower  valve-  of  the 
ovipositor  of  the  female  sharp,  triangular,  nearly  as  long  as  broad. 

The  general  color  is  a  ferruginous-brown  above,  mottled  strongly  with 
blackish-fuscous,  livid  brown  below;  a  blackish-brown  median  stripe, 
broadening  posteriorly,  passes  from  between  the  eyes  to  the  back  of 
the  head,  but  seldom  continues,  and  then  less  deeply,  upon  the  proiio- 
tum;  the  face  and  genae  vary  from  yellow  to  testaceous  and  are  sel- 
dom blotched  by  dusky  colors,  excepting  on  the  genae;  the  antennae 
are  of  a  lighter  or  darker  testaceous,  and  are  scarcely  infuscated  at  tip; 
a  more  or  less  broken  black  patch  occupies  the  upper  part  of  the 
anterior  half  of  the  lateral  lobes.  The  tegmina  are  dark  brownish 
cinereous,  with  a  slender  median  yellow  stripe,  frequently  broken  by 
quadrate  fuscous  or  blackish  spots,  and  similar  spots  are  scattered 
rather  distantly  all  over  the  tegmiua,  giving  them  an  unusually 
speckled  appearance;  wings  hyaline,  the  veins  glaucous,  except  ante- 
riorly. Hind  femora  variable,  either  with  oblique  pale  patches  on  a 
dark  ground  or — and  generally — the  reverse;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  with 
black-tipped  spines,  ten  or  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  25  mm.;  antennae,  male,  0.5 
mm.,  female,  10.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16  ram.,  female,  21  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Sixteen  males,  12  females.  Yellowstone,  Montana  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley 
collection);  Eastern  Wyoming  (same);  Sweetwater  and  Cotton  wood, 
Wyoming  (same) ;  Cheyenne,  Laramie  County,  Wyoming  (same) ;  Doug- 
las, Converse  County,  Wyoming,  Bruner  (same);  Sidney,  Cheyenne 
County,  Nebraska,  August  (L.  Bruner);  Fort  Robinson,  Dawes 
County,  Nebraska,  August  22,  Bruner  ( U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection); 
Western  Kansas,  July  (same);  La-kin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000 
feet,  September  1;  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison;  Pueblo,  Colorado, 
4,700  feet,  July  8-9,  August  30-31;  Garden  of  the  Gods,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado;  Salida,  Chatfee  County,  Colorado,  July  3  (U.S. 
U.M. — Elley  collection);  Magdalena,  Socorro  County,  New  Mexico 
(University  of  Kansas);  Fort  Wingate,  Bernalillo  County,  New  Mex- 
ico (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Bismarck,  North  Dakota  (Bruner), 
Minnesota  (Thomas),  Salt  Lake,  Utah  (Scudder),  and  Spring  Lake,  Utah 
(Thomas). 


NO.  1124.  UKVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  147 

5.  MELANOPLUS  CUNEATUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  X,  fig.  5.) 
Melanoplns  citncatus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Brownisli  testaceous,  darker  above.  Head  luteo-testaeeous,  witli 
the  lateral  ridges  of  the  fastigium  black,  the  posterior  part  of  the 
vertex  with  a  median  triangular  blackish  stripe,  a  broken  black  edging 
to  the  upper  posterior  part  of  the  eyes  and,  joining  it,  a  black  band 
behind  the  eyes;  vertex  tumid,  much  elevated  above  the  pronotuin, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  not  very  broad,  about  as  broad  as  the 
basal  antenna!  joint,  the  fastigium  deeply  sulcate;  frontal  costa  sub- 
equal,  rather  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  shallowly 
sulcate  excepting  above:  eyes  rather  large,  prominent,  about  as  long 
as  the  iiifraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  fulvo  testaceous, 
about  three-fourths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  feebly 
constricted  mesially,  expanding  almost  as  much  anteriorly  as  posteri- 
orly, the  front  margin  feebly  convex,  the  hind  margin  obtusangulate, 
the  lateral  lobes  lighter  colored  than  the  disk,  but  on  the  prozoua 
marked  above  with  a  broken  blackish  fuscous  band,  the  impressed 
middle  line  of  the  posterior  section  black;  median  cariua  percurrent, 
but  slighter  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  inetazona,  subobsolete  between 
the  sulci,  the  lateral  carinae  forming  a  rounded  shoulder  on  the  meta- 
zona,  obsolete  on  the  prozona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  short, 
appressed  conical,  blunt,  slightly  retrorse;  interspace  between  meso- 
sterual  lobes  of  male  half  as  long  again  as  broad.  Tegmina  surpassing 
a  little  the  hind  femora,  not  very  slender,  subequal,  much  maculate 
along  the  discoidal  area  but  not  elsewhere;  wings  hyaline.  Hind 
femora  brownish  testaceous,  crossed  above  and  externally  by  two  very 
oblique  fuscous  bars,  which  above  are  premedian  and  postmedian,  the 
inner  and  under  surfaces  pale  coralline,  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind 
tibiae  glaucous  with  a  slender  dusky  patellar  spot,  the  spines  black  nearly 
to  the  base,  nine  to  ten,  usually  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  feebly  compressed,  not  clavate,  scarcely 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  either  lateral  half  broadly 
and  shallowly  sulcate  and  separated  by  sharp  but  not  very  high  walls 
from  the  rather  deep  and  apically  narrowing  and  fading  median  sulcus; 
furcula  composed  of  a  pair  of  minute  projecting  angulations  surmount- 
ing the  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  bent  inwards  almost  from 
the  base,  very  broad,  broadening  mesially  by  their  inferior  expansion, 
the  lower  margin  suddenly  bent  at  the  middle,  so  that  the  apical  half 
narrows  rapidly  and  has  an  upward  direction,  well  and  rather  narrowly 
rounded,  even  subangulate,  at  tip,  the  whole  only  half  as  long  again 
as  broad  and  yet  longer  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate 
exceedingly  small  and  of  about  equal  length  and  breadth,  subcouical, 
with  scarcely  any  trace  of  an  apical  tubercle,  except  that  formed  by 
the  shape  of  the  plate  as  a  whole. 


148  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm. 5  antennae,  9  mm.;  tegmina,  16.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  12  mm. 

Three  males.  Silver  City,  Grant  County,  Xew  Mexico,  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection) ;  Fort  Grant,  Graham  County,  Arizona  (same);  and 
Fort  Whipple,  Yavapai  County,  Arizona,  Palmer. 

6.  MELANOPLUS  FLABELLIFER. 
(Plate  X,  fig.  6.) 

Melanoplus  flabellifer  SCUDDKR!,  Proc.  Best.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  68-69; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  57-58.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm  ,  III  (1883), 
p.  61;  Bull.  Waskb.  Coll.,  I  (1886),  p.  200;  Publ.  Xebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893), 
p.  28. 

Melanoplns  occidentalis  TOWXSEND!,  Iiis.  Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  31. 

Of  rather  small  size.  Head  scarcely  elevated,  well  arched;  inter- 
space between  the"  eyes  rather  broader  than  the  first  joint  of  the 
antennae,  the  fastigiuin  faintly  subspatulate,  pretty  deep,  with  abrupt 
but  blunt,  rounded  walls;  frontal  costa  narrower  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  slightly  contracted  above  and  very  slightly  ju>t 
below  the  ocellus;  otherwise  scarcely  enlarging  from  above  downward, 
scarcely  depressed  above  the  ocellus,  strongly  sulcate  at  and  below  the 
same;  eyes  neither  large  nor  very  prominent;  antennae  pale  castaneous, 
paler,  at  base,  about  three-fourths  (male)  or  less  than  two-thirds 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotuin  rather  simple,  the 
metazona  expanding  somewhat,  the  unequal  halves  of  the  prozoua  each 
slightly  tumid  laterally,  and  as  a  whole  slightly  expanding  anteriorly; 
front  margin  feebly  sinuate,  hind  margin  roundly  obtusangulate; 
median  carina  nearly  obsolete  between  the  sulci,  but  otherwise  nearly 
equal;  transverse  sulci  of  the  prozona  pretty  distinct,  the  posterior 
severing  the  median  carina;  metazona  scarcely  punctate ;  prozona  sub- 
quadrate,  slightly  longer  than  the  metazona,  or,  in  the  female,  some- 
times subequal.  Prosternal  spine  short,  stout,  appressed  conical,  very 
blunt  tipped,  hardly  retrorse;  interspace  between  the  mesosternal 
lobes  subquadrate,  a  little  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  transverse 
(female).  Tegmina  reaching  (female)  or  slightly  surpassing  (male)  the 
tip  of  the  hind  femora,  not  very  slender,  subequal.  Supraanal  plate  of 
male  triangular,  bluntly  pointed,  the  sides  a  little  convex,  rather  longer 
than  broad;  furcula  formed  of  distinct,  pointed,  triangular  teeth;  cerci 
large,  flabellate,  upturned,  twice  as  long  as  the  mean  breadth,  tapering 
but  little,  the  extremity  broadly  rounded ;  subgeuital  plate  prow-shaped, 
straight,  ending  in  a  blunt  conical  projection. 

The  general  color  is  ciuereo-plumbeous,  the  head  and  pronotum  dusky 
above,  with  the  usual  black  belt  behind  the  eye,  extending  over  the 
prozona.  Tegmina  dark  fuscous,  especially  at  base,  sprinkled  with 
dusky  spots;  wings  hyaline,  sometimes  with  a  feeble  bluish  tinge,  the 
anterior  venation  dusky.  Hind  femora  livid  brown  on  the  outer  face, 
heavily  marked  with  rufo-fuscous  in  oblique  bands,  orange  beneath; 


NO.  1124.  REnsiox  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  149 


liiml  tibiae  rather  dark  glaucous,  the  spines  black,  nine  to  eleven  in 
number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  18  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.2 
mm.,  female,  0  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  13.75  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  9.75  mm. 

Nine  males,  5  females.  Montana  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Fin- 
iM»y  County,  Kansas,  September,  H.  W.  Meuke  (University  of  Kansas); 
between  Smoky  Hill,  Kansas,  and  Denver,  Colorado,  September,  L. 
^gassiz  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Colorado  Springs,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado,  August,  B.  S.  Tucker  (same);  Garden  of  the  Gods, 
El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  October  6;  South  Park,  Colorado,  8-10,000 
feet,  August  11,  16;  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah,  September  (U.S.N.M.— 
Kiley  collection);  Johnson's  Basin,  New  Mexico,  June  22,  Townsend 
(L.  Bruner) ;  Zacatecas,  Mexico,  November  (same). 

It  is  also  reported  by  Bruner  from  Idaho,  Wyoming,  and  western 
Nebraska. 

7.  MELANOPLUS  DISCOLOR. 

(Plate  X,  fig.  7.) 

Pezotettix  discolor  SCUDDKR!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp. 81-82; 
Cent.  Ortb.  (1879),  pp.  70-71.— BKUNKR,  Eep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 
p.  58. 

Vertex  tumid,  considerably  elevated  above  the  pronotum;  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  as  the  basal  antennal  joint, 
the  fastigium  shallow,  indistinct,  broad, enlarging  apically;  frontal  costa 
broad,  equal,  flat  (male)  or  slightly  tumid  (female)  above,  sulcate 
below;  antennae  three-fourths  (male)  or  hardly  two  thirds  (female)  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  simple,  scarcely  enlarging  on  the 
metazona,  the  front  border  straight,  the  hind  border  roundly  and 
broadly  angulate;  median  carina  distinct  though  rather  slight,  equal; 
lateral  carinae  scarcely  perceptible;  metazona  faintly  punctate;  pro- 
zomi  slightly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  about  a  fourth 
longer  than  the  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  cylin- 
drical, blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  twice  (male) 
or  almost  twice  (female)  as  long  as  broad;  metasternal  lobes  attingent 
(male)  or  approximate  (female).  Tegmina  a  little  longer  than  head  and 
pronotum  together,  tapering,  the  dorsal  and  lateral  fields  angularly 
separate.  Supiaanal  plate  of  male  triangular,  longer  than  broad, 
pointed,  the  sides  straight;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate, 
small,  triangular  teeth,  the  tips  a  little  produced ;  cerci  forming  on  each 
side  a  broad,  semicircular,  rounded  flap,  the  upper  side  concave,  the 
lower  convex,  the  tip  rounded,  the  whole  in  one  plane;  subgenital  plate 
conical,  longer  than  broad,  the  tip  compressed. 

The  general  color  is  a  yellowish  or  cinereous  brown  above,  a  paler 
brownish  yellow  below.  The  antennae  are  pale  red,  infuscated  apically ; 
a  very  broad,  straight,  piceous  belt,  slightly  larger  behind  than  in 
front,  extends  from  behind  the  eyes  across  the  prozona,  its  upper  edge 


150  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


at  the  lateral  carinae;  an  oblique  cuneiform  yellow  dash,  the  apex  in 
front  and  above,  follows  the  ridge  of  the  inetathoracic  episterna,  mar- 
gined on  either  side  by  an  equal  piceous  belt.  The  dorsal  field  of  the 
tegmina  is  of  the  same  color  as  the  disk  of  the  pronotum,  or  occasionally 
a  little  paler,  while  the  lateral  field  is  nearly  always  much  darker 
brown,  the  discoidal  area  marked  by  dashes  of  blackish  fuscous,  which 
occasionally  suffuses  nearly  the  whole  of  the  lateral  field.  The  hind 
femora  are  twice  barred  with  blackish  above,  and  have  more  or  less 
blackish  fuscous  on  their  outer  face;  while  the  under  portion  of  the 
femora  is  yellowish,  and  the  hind  tibiae  red  with  black-tipped  spines, 
twelve,  rarely  thirteen,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  25  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9 
mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  9.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

Three  males,  6  females.     Dallas,  Texas,  J.  Boll 

8.  MELANOPLUS    SIMPLEX,  new  species. 
(Plate  X,  fig.  8.) 

Ashen  brown,  darker  above,  sometimes  darker  throughout,  with 
a  postocular  piceous  band.  Head  not  at  all  prominent,  luteo-testaceous 
with  a  feeble  olivaceous  tinge,  the  summit  with  a  pair  of  submedian 
triangular  stripes  posteriorly;  vertex  tumid,  elevated  above  the  prono- 
tum, the  interspace  between  the  eyes  not  very  narrow,  slightly  broader 
than  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  strongly  declivent,  broadly 
sulcate  anteriorly,  more  deeply  in  the  male  than  in  the  female;  frontal 
costa  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal,  faintly 
depressed  at  the  ocellus,  sedately  punctate  at  the  sides;  eyes  rather 
large,  rather  prominent  in  the  male,  a  little  longer  than  the  intraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  dark  ferruginous,  about  two-thirds  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora,  of  similar  relative  length  in  the  two  sexes. 
Pronotum  short,  subequal,  scarcely  enlarging  posteriorly,  slightly 
darker  on  the  disk  than  on  the  lateral  lobes  and  more  or  less  feebly 
punctate  or  blotched  with  fuscous,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad,  equal, 
piceous  band,  extending  from  behind  the  eyes  across  the  upper  part  of 
the  prozona;  front  margin  feebly  convex,  hind  margin  broadly  angu- 
late;  the  median  carina  sharper  on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozona 
but  hardly  more  prominent,  the  disk  separated  from  the  slightly  tumid 
lateral  lobes  by  a  blunt  angle,  but  without  distinct  lateral  carinae; 
prozona  in  both  sexes  slightly  longitudinal,  about  a  fourth  longer  than 
the  feebly  punctate  inetazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  not  slen 
der,  and  erect,  cylindrical  and  very  blunt  (male)  or  conical  but  not 
acuminate  (female);  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  somewhat 
longer  than  broad  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female),  the  ineta 
sternal  lobes  attingent  over  a  short  space  (male)  or  approximate 
(female).  Tegmina  slightly  or  considerably  longer  than  the  head  and 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  151 


pronotum  together,  sublanceolate,  subacuminate,  browDish  fuscous,  the 
discoidal  area  sometimes  with  feebly  alternating  darker  and  lighter 
dashes.  Hind  femora  externally  varying  from  fusco-olivaceous  to  fusco- 
testaceous,  the  lower  and  inner  faces  flavous,  the  latter  as  well  as  the 
inner  half  of  the  upper  face  barred  at  base  and  before  and  beyond  the 
middle  with  fuscous  or  blackish  fuscous,  the  outer  half  of  the  upper  face 
more  or  less  infuscated  throughout,  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae 
red,  the  spines  black  only  on  their  apical  half,  eleven  or  twelve  in  number 
in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  slightly  clavate,  much 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  straight  sides  and  acute 
apex,  the  rather  broad,  deep,  median  sulcus  bounded  by  very  high, 
sharp  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  acute  denticula 
tions  overlying  the  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  broad,  arcuate, 
especially  by  the  curvature  of  the  lower  margin,  tapering  only  in  the 
apical  half,  well  rounded  apically,  much  less  than  twice  as  long  as 
broad,  but  nearly  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  hardly  incurved,  the 
apical  portion  feebly  sulcate  exteriorly ;  infracercal  plates  large,  basally 
nearly  as  broad  as  the  cerci,  rapidly  narrowing  and  extending  slightly 
beyond  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  broad  and  rather  short, 
the  lateral  margins  straight,  apically  acutely  rounded,  neither  prolonged 
nor  elevated. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  antennae,  male,  6.5 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  5  mm.,  female.  8.25  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9  mm,,  female,  11  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison  (S.  Heushaw; 
S.  H.  Scudder). 

9.  MELANOPLUS  RILEYANUS  (new  species). 

( Plate  X,  fig.  9.) 
Pezotettijc  rileyanus  McNEiix!,  MS. 

Dark  brownish  testaceous,  with  a  broad,  lateral  piceous  stripe.  Head 
rather  prominent,  dark  testaceous,  sometimes  with  a  feeble  olivaceous 
tinge,  much  flecked  and  punctate  with  fuscous,  above  much  infus- 
cated; vertex  somewhat  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above  the  pronotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  narrow,  narrower  than  the  first 
antennal  joint  (male)  or  rather  broad,  distinctly  broader  than  that  joint 
(female),  the  fastigium  with  slight,  raised,  rounded  ridges  next  the  eyes, 
but  otherwise  scarcely  sulcate  (female)  or  distinctly  sulcate  throughout 
(male) ;  frontal  costa  moderately  broad,  fully  as  broad  as  (male)  or  rather 
narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  subequal, 
strongly  punctate  throughout,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus; 
eyes  large  and  moderately  prominent,  distinctly  longer  than  the  infra- 
ocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteo  testaceous,  nearly  (male)  or 
but  little  more  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum 


152  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


rather  short  and  subequal,  faintly  constricted  mesially,  more  or  less 
fciintly  punctate  with  fuscous  above,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad 
piceous  belt  crossing  the  prozoua  above,  and  sometimes  continued  across 
the  metazona,  but  usually  obsolete  or  subobsolete  there,  sometimes 
fading,  sometimes  sharply  denned  below,  the  lower  portion  of  the  lobes 
usually  lighter  colored  than  elsewhere,  repeating  the  color  of  the  genae; 
front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  very  broadly  rotundato-angu- 
late,  in  some  females  with  no  sign  of  augulation  but  very  broadly 
convex;  median  carina  percurrent  but  generally  feebler  on  the  prozona; 
lateral  carinae  marked  by  a  distinct  though  rounded  angle;  prozona 
distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  subquadrate  (female),  one-fourth  to 
one-third  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazoua.  Prosternal  spine 
short  (female)  or  very  short  (male),  conical,  erect;  interspace  between 
the  mesosternal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  slightly 
longer  than  broad  (female).  Tegmina  ovate,  well  rounded,  much  less 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  rather  shorter  than  tbe  pronotum,  brown- 
ish fuscous,  generally  cinereous  in  the  anal  field.  Hind  femora  fusco- 
ferruginous  or  fusco  testaceous,  twice  banded  rather  obliquely  with 
black,  which  is  confluent  on  the  lower  half  of  the  outer  face,  so  as  to  leave 
above  a  large  basal  and  median  patch  of  the  lighter  color;  the  lower 
face  is  reddish,  and  the  genicular  arc  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  glaucous, 
often  mottled  or  suffused  with  luteous  toward  the  base,  and  generally 
with  a  basal  anulus  of  the  same,  the  spines  black  in  their  apical  half, 
ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men oblong  clavate,  well  rounded,  well  upturned,  the  supraaual  plate 
triangular  with  slightly  convex  sides  and  rectangulate  apex,  the  median 
sulcus  slender,  not  very  deep,  and  percurrent,  bounded  by  sharp 
but  not  very  high  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  elongate, 
slender,  parallel,  straight  denticulations  or  fingers  as  long  as  the  last 
dorsal  segment,  resting  outside  the  ridges  of  the  supraaual  plate; 
cerci  enlarging  slightly  at  the  base,  then  gradually  enlarging  in  the 
basai  half,  beyond  equal,  apically  well  rounded,  the  whole  forming  a 
broad,  much  incurved  and  slightly  torqueate  plate,  whose  apical  half 
is  so  deeply  sulcate  that  its  longitudinal  halves  are  nearly  at  right 
angles;  infracercal  plates  concealed;  subgenital  plate  broad,  fully  as 
broad  as  long,  the  lateral  margins  abruptly  elevated  a  little  apically, 
but  not  prolonged  posteriorly,  the  apical  margin  strongly  rounded, 
entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9 
mm.,  female,  0  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  4.25  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11  mm. 

Six  males,  17  females.  Yuba  County,  California  (L.  Bruner);  Moun- 
tains near  Lake  Tahoe,  Placer  County,  California,  October,  Heushaw, 
Wheeler's  expedition,  1876;  Kern  County,  California,  October  (U.S. 
N.M.);  Kern  County,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collec- 
tion); Los  Angeles  County,  California,  May,  September,  Coquillett 
(same). 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  TEE  M EL ASOPLI—  SC UDDER.  153 


3.  BOWDITCHI  SERIES. 

In  this  series  the  male  prozona  is  slightly  longitudinal,  and  the  inter- 
space between  the  mesosternal  lobes  exceptionally  narrow,  being  more 
than  twice,  in  the  male.several  times,  as  long  as  broad,  while  the  meta 
sternal  lobes  are  attingent  over  considerable  space  in  the  male,  approxi- 
mate in  the  female.  The  tegmina,  especially  those  of  the  male,  are 
rarely,  and  then  but  little,  maculate,  always  fully  developed  and  sur- 
passing the  hind  femora;  the  hind  tibiae  are  green  or  blue,  with  nine  to 
eleven,  usually  ten,  spines  in  the  outer  series.  The  antennae  are  of  very 
unequal  length  in  the  two  sexes. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  more  or  less  clypeate,  the  apex  always  well 
angulate,  and  the  median  sulcus  almost  or  quite  obsolete;  the  most 
striking  feature  is  the  furcula,  which  -consists  of  a  pair  of  long,  very 
broad,  parallel,  depressed  plates,  reaching  about  to  the  middle  of  the 
supraanal  plate  and  at  base  largely  concealing  it,  apically  narrowed 
partly  or  wholly  by  their  interior  rounded  emargination ;  the  cerci  are 
small,  the  apical  portion  subequal,  nearly  straight,  and  about  half  as 
broad  as  the  base;  the  subgenital  plate  is  somewhat  narrower  than 
long,  subequal,  apically  extended  slightly  but  not  elevated,  the  lateral 
margins  straight  and  on  a  line  with  the  upper  side  of  the  last  abdomi- 
nal segments,  the  apical  margin  well  rounded  as  seen  from  above  and 
entire. 

The  species,  six  in  number,  are  of  medium  or  rather  large  size  and 
are  found  almost  altogether  in  the  southwest;  only  one  is  known  east  of 
the  Mississippi,  .and  that  only  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  main  stream. 

10.  MELANOPLUS   HERBACEUS. 
(Plate  X,  fig.  10.) 

Melanoplus  Jierbaceus  BRUNER!,  Bull.  Div.  Enfc.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893), 
pp.  25-26,  fig.  13ab.— TOWNSEND,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  31.— BRUN£R,  Rep.  St. 
Hort.  Soc.  Nebr.,  1894,  p.  163  (1894). 

Grass  green,  more  or  less  obscured  with  brownish  olivaceous, 
almost  the  only  markings  being  a  broad  dark  green  baud  extending 
from  behind  the  eye  across  the  prozona,  directly  beneath  which  ,ue 
lateral  lobes  are  often  spotted  with  tiavous;  and,  less  frequently, 
a  dusky  green  dorsal  band  from  the  posterior  end  of  the  fastigium 
across  the  prozona,  occupying  most  of  the  disk  and  leaving  between 
itk*ind  the  lateral  band  only  a  narrow  greenish  flavous  stripe  on  -the 
lateral  carinae.  Head  feebly  prominent,  the  vertex  gently  tumid,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  moderately  broad,  as  broad  as  the  frontal 
costa;  the  fastigium  gently  declivent  and  deeply  and  broadly  sulcate; 
frontal  costa  percurrent,  equal,  sulcate  throughout,  deeply  excepting 
above;  eyes  rather  large,  rather  prominent,  very  much  longer  than 
broad;  antennae  a  little  longer  than  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  as 


154  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

long  as  (female)  the  hind  femora,  ferruginous,  more  or  less  infuscated 
apically.  Pronotum  subequal  on  the  prozona,  the  nietazoua  expanding 
gently,  the  front  margin  subtruncate,  the  hind  margin  obtusely  angnlate, 
the  angle  well  rounded,  the  disk  gently  convex,  passing  insensibly  into 
the  lateral  lobes,  the  median  carina  slight  on  the  metazona,  indicated 
only  by  a  pallid  line  on  the  prozona,  the  metazona  closely  and  delicately 
punctate,  the  prozona  a  little  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female), 
slightly  longer  than  the  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  conical, 
erect,  blunt,  a  little  shorter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  sternum 
sparsely  punctate,  the  interval  between  the  niesosternal  lobes  consid- 
erably more  than  twice  (male)  or  fully  twice  (female)  as  long  as  broad, 
the  metasternal  lobes  attingent  over  a  considerable  space  (male)  or 
approximate  (female).  Tegmina  slender,  gently  tapering,  well  rounded 
at  tip,  surpassing  considerably  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  without 
markings;  wings  ample,  pellucid,  the  veins  and  cross  veins  glaucous, 
more  and  more  infuscated  apically.  Femora  green,  or  more  or  less 
infuscated  or  embrowned,  the  hind  pair  rarely  having  the  upper  face 
infuscated  with  feeble,  never  distinct,  fuscous  clouds,  the  genicular  arc 
more  or  less  testaceous  above;  hind  tibiae  very  faintly  incurved,  green 
becoming  feebly  flavescent  apically,  the  spines  rather  short,  pallid 
green,  briefly  black  tipped,  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  subclavate,  upturned,  the  supraanal 
plate  subclypeate,  narrowing  gently  in  the  basal,  rapidly  in  the  apical 
half,  slightly  constricted  in  the  middle  of  the  basal  half,  the  apex 
rectangulate,  the  sides  broadly  and  considerably  elevated,  the  rest  of 
the  surface  plane  with  a  scarcely  perceptible  median  sulcus,  except 
apically  where  it  is  slight;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very  large, 
broad,  depressed  plates,  originating  at  the  base  of  the  last  dorsal 
segment  and  reaching  almost  to  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate, 
subequal  and  attingent  for  half  their  length,  beyond  with  their  inner 
margin  roundly  excised,  the  apex  obliquely  and  broadly  truncate,  so  that 
the  inner  apical  angle  is  acute;  cerci  rather  small,  rapidly  narrowing 
on  the  basal  half  by  the  declivence  of  the  upper  margin,  beyond  equal, 
compressed  cylindrical,  blunt  tipped,  straight,  distinctly  shorter  than 
the  supraanal  plate  and  not  greatly  surpassing  the  last  ventral 
segment;  subgenital  plate  moderately  narrow,  subequal,  the  lateral 
margin  straight,  the  apex  not  in  the  least  elevated  and  but  feebly 
prolonged,  strongly  rounded  as  viewed  from  above. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  28.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
13  mm.,  female,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21  mm.,  female  23.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  12  mm.,  female,  14.3  mm. 

Seven  males,  eight  females.  El  Paso,  Texas,  November  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection;  L.  Bruner);  Albuquerque,  Berualillo  County,  New 
Mexico,  August,  Snow  (University  of  Kansas);  Las  Cruces,  Donna  Ana 
County,  New  Mexico,  October,  ovipositing,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell;  Fort 
Grant,  Graham  County,  Arizona  (U.S.N.M. — Biley  collection). 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDEB.  155 

Bruner  states  that  it  also  occurs  "across  the  line  in  Mexican  territory 
for  some  distance,"  and  that  it  is  confined  to  river  bottoms,  where  it 
feeds  on  low  vegetation,  but  is  rarely  seen  on  the  ground. 

ii.  MELANOPLUS  FLAVESCENS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XI,  fig.  1.) 

Uniform  pale  flavous  tinged  with  green,  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral 
lobes  with  a  broad  olivaceous  baud,  extending  from  the  eyes  across 
the  prozona  and  feebly  marking  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  metazona. 
Head  uniform  in  coloring  and,  except  for  the  band  mentioned,  as  light 
above  as  below;  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
moderate,  scarcely  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigium 
descending  with  the  curvature  of  the  vertex,  rather  deeply  and  broadly 
sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  prominent  above,  moderately  broad, 
equal,  percurrent,  deeply  sulcate  excepting  above  but  with  rounded 
margins,  above  seriately  punctate  at  the  sides;  eyes  rather  large  and 
rather  prominent;  antennae  almost  as  long  as  the  hind  femora  (male), 
the  first  two  joints  flavous,  the  rest  salmon  red.  Pronotum  subequal, 
feebly  enlarging  at  the  metazona,  tlie  front  margin  feebly  convex,  the 
hind  margin  obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  rounded,  the  disk  gently  con- 
vex on  the  prozona  with  no  lateral  carinae,  on  the  metazona  plane 
with  obscure  rounded  lateral  carinae,  the  median  carina  distinct 
though  slight  on  the  metazona,  wanting  in  front;  prozona  distinctly 
longitudinal,  smooth,  a  third  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazona. 
Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  regularly  conical,  erect,  blunt  tipped; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male  very  slender,  many  times 
longer  than  broad,  the  metasterual  lobes  attingent  over  a  wide  space. 
Tegmina  slender,  very  feebly  tapering,  well  rounded  apically,  surpass- 
ing considerably  the  hind  femora,  greenish-yellow  at  base,  nearly  pel- 
lucid on  apical  half,  without  markings;  wings  pellucid  with  a  scarcely 
perceptible  glaucous  tinge,  the  veins  and  cross  veins  fusco-glaucous. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  flavous  with  a  tinge  of  olivaceous;  hind  femora 
golden  yellow  on  the  outer  face,  growing  pallid  below ;  elsewhere  flavous 
with  a  distinct  fulvous  tinge  on  lower  and  inner  sides,  the  genicular  arc 
testaceous,  stained  with  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  pallid  at  extreme 
base,  the  spines  pallid  on  basal,  black  on  apical  half,  ten  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Extreini  ty  of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate,  upturned, 
the  supraanal  plate  obscurely  clypeate,  the  lateral  margins  raised  con- 
siderably throughout,  pinched  just  before  the  middle  and  just  before 
the  tip,  and  so  somewhat  torqueate,  the  median  sulcus  only  apparent 
and  then  slight  in  apical  half;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  large, 
broad,  strongly  depressed,  longitudinally  arcuate  plates,  which,  meas- 
uring from  the  base  of  the  last  dorsal  segment,  are  about  twice  as  long 
as  broad,  in  the  basal  half  attingent,  in  their  apical  half  strongly  and 
roundly  excised  interiorly,  apically  obliquely  and  broadly  truncate,  ter- 
minating acutely  at  the  inner  hinder  angle,  and  hardly  reaching  the 


156  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

middle  of  the  supraanal  plate;  eerci  rather  small,  tapering  in  the 
basal  three-fifths,  gently  and  equally  above  and  below,  beyond  equal, 
less  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base,  exteriorly  sulcate  apically,  the  tip 
blunt  and  not  nearly  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgen- 
ilal  plate  as  in  M.  herbaceus. 

Length  of  body,  male,  25.5  mm,;  antennae,  13!  mm.;  tegmina,  23 
mm.;  hind  femora,  14  mm. 

One  male.  San  Diego,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collec- 
tion). 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  the  preceding,  from  which  it 
differs  by  its  color  and  pattern,  by  the  differently  shaped  male  cerci  and 
furcula,  by  the  extreme  narrowness  of  the  interspace  between  the 
mesosternal  lobes,  and  by  the  less  sharply  margined  frontal  costa. 

12.  MELANOPLUS   PICTUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XI,  fig.  2.) 
Melanoplus  pictus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

A  little  above  the  medium  size,  highly  variegated  in  coloring.  Head 
slightly  prominent,  bright  flavous,  irregularly  and  profusely  mottled 
and  blotched  with  blackish  fuscous,  least  and  more  delicately  so  above; 
vertex  moderately  tumid,  raised  slightly  above  the  level  of  the  prono- 
tum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  narrow,  narrower  than  the  first 
joint  of  the  antennae;  fastigium  rapidly  and  roundly  declivent,  distinctly 
sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent  above,  subequul, 
considerably  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  just  failing 
to  reach  the  clypeus,  distinctly  sulcate  excepting  above,  where  it  is 
biseriately  punctate;  eyes  rather  large,  long,  and  prominent,  much 
longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  nearly  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora,  flavous  throughout.  Pronotum  subequal, 
enlarging  a  little  on  the  metazona,  the  sides  of  the  prozona  a  little 
tumid  independently  on  each  zone,  the  disk  pilose,  gently  convex, 
passing  by  a  rounded  shoulder  into  the  inferiorly  vertical  lateral  lobes, 
the  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazoua,  subobsolete  on  the  pro- 
zona, obsolete  between  the  sulci;  front  margin  faintly  convex  with  a 
slight  median  emargination,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  well 
rounded;  pronotuin  mostly  brownish  fuscous,  irregularly  enlivened  by 
bright  flavous,  especially  on  the  anterior  part  of  the  disk,  on  the  upper 
most  part  of  the  lateral  lobe-*,  and  on  the  lower  part  of  the  metazona  of 
the  same,  the  brown  deepening  in  color  on  the  upper  third  or  more 
of  the  prozona;  prozona  slightly  longitudinal,  scarcely  longer  than 
the  densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  short,  stout, 
conical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  of  male 
nearly  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  the  metasternal  lobes  subattingent. 
Tegmina  long,  slender,  subequal,  far  surpassing  the  hind  femora, 
brownish  with  a  roseate  tinge  on  the  basal  half,  scarcely  flecked  with 


NO.  1124.  I ;i:  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  157 


paler  maculations  along  the  middle  line;  wings  rather  narrow,  hyaline, 
the  veins  very  pale  blue,  becoming  iiifuscated  apically  and  anteriorly. 
Legs  liavous,  banded  with  fuscous,  the  hind  femora  unequally  trifasciate 
with  blackish  fuscous,  the  fasciation  only  distinct  above,  the  outer  face 
more  or  less  olivaceous,  the  inner  face  sanguineous,  and  a  postmedian 
sanguineous  patch  below,  the  genicular  arc  black,  and  the  whole  genic- 
ulation  flecked  with  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  purplish  fuscous,  marked 
with  dull  flavous  between  the  spines,  which  are  black,  becoming  pallid 
ba sally,  flavous  interiorly,  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Ex- 
tremity of  male  abdomen  hardly  clavate  or  recurved,  the  supraanal 
plate  subclypeate,  the  margins  strongly  and  roundly  bent  beyond  the 
middle,  the  apex  slightly  produced,  subrectangulate,  and  pointed, 
the  sides  strongly  and  broadly  elevated  in  the  proximal  half,  the 
median  sulcus  slight  and  only  perceptible  in  apical  half;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  broad  flattened  plates  slightly  more  than  twice  as 
long  as  broad,  reaching  to  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate,  beyond 
the  middle  roundly  and  obliquely  emarginate  on  the  inner  side,  apically 
roundly  and  obliquely  truncate  exteriorly;  cerci  moderately  broad  at 
base,  almost  immediately  tapering  rapidly  by  the  excision  of  the  upper 
margin,  so  that  the  distal  three-fourths  forms  a  compressed  subequal 
finger,  barely  expanding  at  the  tip,  the  exterior  surface  slightly 
impressed  or  subsulcate  apically,  the  whole  straight,  except  for  being 
slightly  bent  inward  near  the  middle,  failing  to  reach  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  forming  a  regular  well  rounded 
flaring  scoop,  the  margin  nowhere  elevated,  entire,  the  plate  consider- 
ably narrower  apically  than  at  base,  and  much  longer  than  broad. 

Length  of  body,  male,  27  mm. ;  antennae,  12.5  mm. ;  tegmina,  24  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  14  mm. 

One  male.     Bradshaw  Mountain,  Arizona,  June  21  (L.  Bruner). 

13.  MELANOPLUS    BOWDITCHI. 
(Plate  XI,  fig.  3.) 

Melanoplus  bowditchi  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Host.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p.  72; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  61.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p. 
61;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27.— TOWNSEND,  Ins.  Life,  VI 
(1893),  p.  31. 

Of  medium  size.  Head  slightly  elevated,  moderately  arched  above; 
interspace  between  the  eyes  about  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first 
autennal  joint,  a  little  broader  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  fastigium 
rather  shallowly  sulcate,  subspatulate  in  form,  the  lateral  margins 
thick  and  low;  frontal  costa  equal,  plane  above,  sulcate  at  and  below 
the  ocellus;  eyes  rather  large,  rather  prominent,  especially  in  the  male. 
Prouotum  simple,  the  metazona  slightly  expanding,  punctulate,  the 
median  carina  slight  but  distinct  upon  it,  but  wholly  wanting  in  front; 
lateral  carinae  obsolete;  transverse  sulci  of  prozona  distinct,  sub- 
continuous  across  the  middle.  Tegmiua  very  slender,  extending  beyond 


158  PROCEEDINGS  OF  TEE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


(male)  or  fully  to  (female)  the  tip  of  the  abdomen.  Supraanal  plate  sub- 
quadrate,  longer  than  broad,  the  lateral  margins  subparallel  on  basal 
half,  beyond  tapering  rapidly,  the  tip  triangularly  produced,  sharply 
angulated;  plates  of  furcnla  stout,  depressed,  attingent  at  base,  beyond 
with  the  inner  margins  separated  at  an  angle  of  45°,  the  outer  mar- 
gins straight  and  parallel,  the  extremity  obliquely  docked  and  scarcely 
incurved,  more  than  half  the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate  and  nearly 
three  times  as  long  as  the  basal  breadth;  anal  cerci  forming  long, 
slender,  straight,  compressed  fingers,  much  expanded  above  at  the 
extreme  base,  beyond  scarcely  tapering,  bluntly  and  roundly  terminated, 
directed  backward,  somewhat  upward  and  a  little  inward,  about  as 
long  as  the  first  hind  tarsal  joint;  subgenital  plate  elongated  scoop- 
shaped,  the  extremity  a  little  produced,  entire;  basal  tooth  of  lower 
valve  of  ovipositor  of  female  blunt,  triangular,  large,  broader  than 
long. 

The  general  color  is  a  grayish  brown,  the  eyes  margined  above  with 
dull  pale-yellow,  the  face  and  geuae  olivaceous  with  transverse  mot- 
tlings  of  dusky  ferruginous;  antennae  dull  pale  castaneous;  behind  the 
eye  a  broad  piceous  belt,  sometimes  broken,  sometimes  entire,  crosses 
the  prozona  on  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes;  disk  of  pronotum 
brownish  yellow,  heavily  punctate  or  mottled  with  fuscous.  Tegmina 
with  an  obscure  median  series  of  alternate  dusky  and  pallid  spots; 
hind  femora  brownish  yellow,  more  or  less  tinged  with  plumbeous,  the 
incisures  dusky,  with  faint  indications  on  upper  surface  of  dusky  trans- 
verse stripes;  hind  tibiae  bluish  green,  sometimes  dotted  with  black 
and  with  black  spines,  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  26  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  20  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  13  mm., 
female,  14  mm. 

Four  males,  3  females.  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet, 
September  1;  Pueblo,  Colorado,  4,700  feet,  August  30-31;  Chaves, 
Bernalillo  County,  New  Mexico,  August  6  (L.  Brnner);  Las  Cruces, 
Donna  Ana  County,  New  Mexico,  July  8,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell. 

It  is  also  reported  by  Townsend  from  Sabmal,  Socorro  County,  and 
Belen,  Valencia  County,  New  Mexico,  August  7. 

14.  MELANOPLUS  FLAVIDUS. 
(Plate  XI,  fig.  4.) 

Melanoplus  flavidus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Best.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p.  74; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  63.— BRUNER.  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  61; 

Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  38;   ibid.,  I  (1886),  p.  200;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad. 

Sci.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 
Melanoplus  cenchri  MCNEILL!,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  pp.  74-75. 

Moderately  large  in  size.  Head  rather  large,  slightly  elevated  and 
well  arched  above;  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly  (male)  or  quite 
(female)  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastighmi  shal- 


'no.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  159 


low,  broad,  subequal,  the  sides  moderately  narrow  but  low  (male)  or 
scarcely  sulcate  (female);  frontal  costa  broad,  equal,  plane  (male)  or 
tumid  (female)  above,  at  and  below  the  ocellus  broadly  and  rather 
deeply  sulcate;  eyes  pretty  large  but  not  very  prominent.  Prouotum 
with  the  prozona  equal,  the  metazona  expanding  and  punctato-rugulose; 
median  cariua  slight  but  distinct  on  the  metazoua,  obsolete  or  subobso- 
lete  on  the  prozona;  lateral  carinae  subobsolete;  transverse  sulci  of 
prozona  slight  but  distinct,  continuous.  Tegmiua  extending  a  very 
little  way  beyond  the  abdomen,  surpassing  the  hind  femora.  Supraanal 
plate  regularly  clypeate,  about  as  broad  as  long;  plates  of  the  furcula 
shaped  much  as  in  M.  bowditchi,  but  thickened  at  the  tip,  as  long  as 
the  cerci  or  nearly  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  the  cerci 
have  a  triangular  base  and  a  long,  straight,  slender,  bluntly  terminated, 
equal  finger  extending  backward  and  upward  and  inclined  inward, 
starting  from  the  lower  posterior  portion  of  the  base;  it  is  as  long  as 
the  terminal  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi;  subgenital  plate  scoop-shaped, 
well  rounded  as  viewed  from  above,  the  tip  scarcely  produced,  entire. 

The  general  color  is  greenish  yellow,  sometimes  a  little  iufuscated 
above,  the  head  frequently  mottled  with  fuscous;  antennae  uniform 
yellowish;  the  usual  stripe  behind  the  eye  over  the  upper  portion  of  the 
lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum  is  generally  reduced  to  a  very  narrow 
dusky  stripe  next  or  on  the  lateral  carinae,  diminishing  in  breadth  pos- 
teriorly; or  if  it  is  broader,  it  sometimes  invades  the  disk  rather  than 
the  lateral  lobes;  the  disk  has  a  median  dusky  line  and  the  summit  of 
the  head  a  dusky  basal  triangle.  The  tegmina  partake  of  the  general 
lively  tone  to  a  less  extent,  and  the  paler  median  stripe,  distinct  only 
at  base,  is  seldom  flecked  intermittently  with  fuscous;  hind  femera yel- 
low, the  upper  half  of  the  outer  face  dusky,  and  two  oblique  dusky 
patches  often  occur  above;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  the  spines  white  or 
glaucous,  black  tipped,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
13  mm.,  female,  9.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  20.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

Eighteen  males,  20  females.  Yellowstone,  Montana,  August  (U.S.N. 
M.— Riley  collection);  Sidney,  Cheyenne  County,  Nebraska,  August 
(L.  Bruner);  Moline,  Rock  Island  County,  Illinois.  August  27,  J.  Mc- 
Neill;  Denver,  Arapahoe  County,  Colorado,  October  5;  Morrison,  Jef- 
ferson County,  Colorado,  August  9;  Colorado  Springs,  El  Paso  County, 
Colorado,  August,  E.  S.  Tucker  (University  of  Kansas);  Garden  of 
the  Gods,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  October  6;  Carrizo  Springs,  Dim- 
mit  County,  Texas,  August,  Dr.  A.  Walgyinar  (U.S.N.M.— Riley 
collection);  Las  Cruces,  Donna  Ana  County,  New  Mexico,  July  8,  T. 
1).  A.  Cockerell;  Tucson,  Pima  County,  Arizona  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley 
collection). 

It  is  also  reported  by  Bruner  from  Barber  and  Comanche  counties, 
Kansas. 


160  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL  xx. 

McNeill  found  it  in  Illinois  only  on  high  sandy  ground  where  the 
sole  vegetation  was  Cenchrus,  and  the  grasshoppers  were  -'colored  so 
nearly  like  the  yellow  sand  that  they  were  difficult  to  see  when  only 
two  or  three  feet  away." 

A  single  specimen  from  Colorado  which  apparently  belongs  here,  but 
is  too  much  injured  to  determine  with  certainty,  has  the  hind  tibiae 
pale  red. 

15.  MELANOPLUS  ELONGATUS,  new  cpecies. 
(Plate  XI,  fig.  5.) 

Long  and  slender  bodied,  warm  brownish  fuscous,  sometimes  more  or 
less  ferruginous,  with  feeble  markings.  Head  slightly  prominent,  dull 
plumbeo-flavous,  much  obscured  with  fuscous,  especially  above  and  in 
a  band  behind  the  eyes;  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes  rather  narrow,  narrower  than  (male)  or  rather  broad,  broader 
than  (female)  the  frontal  costa;  fasti  gin  m  descending  with  tolerable 
rapidity,  broadly  and  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly  (female)  sulcate 
throughout;  frontal  costa  moderately  broad,  equal,  deeply  sulcate 
excepting  above,  where  it  is  seriately  punctate  next  the  margins;  eyes 
tolerably  large,  not  very  prominent,  rather  elongate;  antennae  slightly 
shorter  than  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  as  long  as  (female)  the  hind 
femora,  fulvo-luteous,  infuscated  apically.  Prouotum  gently  enlarging 
posteriorly,  the  front  margin  subtruncate,  the  hind  margin  somewhat 
obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  well  rounded,  the  disk  nearly  plane,  pass- 
ing by  a  rounded  angle  into  the  inferiorly  vertical  lateral  lobes,  the 
median  carina  distinct  though  slight  on  the  metazona,  feebly  percepti- 
ble on  the  prozona;  lateral  lobes  marked  above  more  or  less  obscurely 
with  a  broad  fuscous  stripe  crossing  the  prozona,  immediately  below  it 
sometimes  enlivened  with  paler  flecks;  prozona  feebly  longitudinal 
(male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female),  but  little  longer  than  the  closely 
and  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  erect,  conico- 
cylindrical,  blunt  tipped ;  interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes  several 
times  longer  than  broad,  especially  in  the  male,  the  metasternal  lobes 
attingent  in  part  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Tegmina  very  long 
and  slender,  scarcely  tapering,  well  rounded  apically,  feebly  and  very 
minutely  flecked,  extending  far  beyond  the  femoral  tips;  wings  ample, 
pellucid,  the  veins  and  cross- veins  blackish  fuscous.  Femora  ferrugineo- 
testaceous,  the  hind  pair  more  or  less  and  irregularly  clouded  with  fus- 
cous, sometimes,  making  a  feeble,  indistinct  bifasciate  barring,  the 
genicular  arc  blackish  testaceous ;  hind  tibiae  feebly  incurved,  glaucous, 
apically  lutescent,  pallid  along  the  line  of  the  spines,  which  are  pallid 
at  base,  black  apically,  and  nine  to  eleven,  usually  ten,  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  upturned, 
the  supraaual  plate  subclypeate,  with  well  rounded  but  feebly  sinuate 
lateral  margins,  which  are  broadly  and  feebly  raised,  and  hardly  the 
least  sign  of  a  median  sulcus ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  large,  very 
broad,  much  depressed,  parallel  plates,  attingent  at  base,  tapering 
and  bluntly  rounded  at  tip,  reaching-the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate, 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MEL  ANOPLl— SCUDDER.  161 


the  inner  apical  angle  sometimes  feebly  asserting  itself  as  in  the  allied 
species;  cerci  slender,  not  very  long,  incurved  gently  and  a  little 
upcurved,  tapering  gently  in  less  than  the  basal  half,  beyond  cylindri- 
cal, blunt  tipped,  reaching  almost  to  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
subgenital  plate  moderately  broad,  subequal,  the  lateral  margins  straight 
but  faintly  rising  at  the  apex,  which  is  broadly  rounded  as  seen  from 
above. 

Length  of  body,  male,  29.5  mm.,  female,  30  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  15 
mm.,  female,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  28  mm.,  female,  26.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

Five  males,  4  females.  Finney  County,  Kansas,  September,  H.  W. 
Menke  (University  of  Kansas);  Las  Cruces,  Donna  Ana  County,  ^ew 
Mexico,  July  8,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell;  Mexico  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology) ;  Lerdo,  Durango,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner) ;  Guanajuato, 
Mexico,  A.  Duges  (U.S.N.M.— Kiley  collection);  Bledos,  San  Luis 
Potosi,  Mexico,  October,  E.  Palmer. 

This  species  differs  from  the  two  preceding  by  its  slender  elongate 
form,  the  simplicity  of  its  male  furcula,  and  by  its  general  markings. 

4.  GLAUCIPES  SERIES. 

The  two  species  placed  together  here  have  comparatively  little  in 
common  to  warrant  their  combination  as  a  series,  and  each  should 
perhaps  be  made  the  basis  of  a  distinct  series  if  other  forms  are  found 
allied  to  one  and  the  other;  but  falling  together  by  the  characters  given 
in  our  table,  I  have  thought  it  best  for  the  present  to  connect  them. 
They  have  these  common  characteristics: 

The  mesosternum  in  front  of  the  lobes  is  plane  in  the  male.  The  more 
or  less  maculate  tegmina  extend  only  to  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora,  and 
the  hind  tibiae  have  from  ten  to  twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series.  The 
supraanal  plate  is  simple,  without  elevated  sides;  the  furcula  is  devel- 
oped as  a  pair  of  minute  triangular  denticles;  the  cerci  are  broad  and 
short,  only  about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  a  little  upcurved,  and  apically 
broadly  rounded,  while  the  subgenital  plate  is  moderately  broad,  pro- 
longed, and  scarcely  elevated  apically. 

The  species  are  of  small  or  medium  size;  one  occurs  in  Texas  and 
northern  Mexico,  the  other  from  Montana  to  Alaska. 

16.     MELANOPLUS    GLAUCIPES. 
(Plate  XI,  tig.  6.) 

Caloptenns  glaucipe*  SCUDDER!,  Proc.   Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  pp. 

476-477;    Ent.   Notes,   IV   (1875),   pp.   75-76.— THOMAS,    Rep.   U.   8.   Eiit. 

Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— SCUDDER!,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp. 20-21. 
Melanoplus  glaucipes  SCUDDER  !,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75. 

Wood-brown.    Head  and  pronotum  yellowish  brown,  heavily  flecked 
with  blackish,  more  heavily  and  minutely  above,  giving  it  a  wood- brown 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 11 


162       -    •          PROCEEDINGS  OF  VHE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

appearance;  a  broad  black  band  extends  from  behind  the  eyes  across 
the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotirm,  broadening  on  the 
metazona.  Interspace  between  the  eyes  moderately  narrow,  scarcely 
wider  than  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  narrow,  with  sides 
broadening  a  little  in  front,  pretty  sharply  defined,  inclosing  a  moder- 
ately deep  sulcus,  deepest  posteriorly ;  frontal  costa  rather  broad,  nearly 
equal,  fading  out  below,  with  a  scarcely  perceptible  sulcus  excepting 
about  theocellus ;  antennae  a  little  more  (male)  or  much  less  (female)  than 
three-fourths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora,  orange  red,  paler  at  base. 
Pronotum  subequal,  the  disk  nearly  plane,  the  front  border  truncate, 
the  hind  border  obtusely  angulate;  median  carina  very  slight,  most 
distinct  on  the  metazona,  cut  by  all  the  transverse  sulci;  lateral  carinae 
obsolete;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal,  a  third  to  a  fourth  longer 
than  the  metazona  (male)  or  quadrate,  only  slightly  longer  than  the 
metazona  (female).  Prosternal  spine  long,  conical,  bluntly  tipped,  some- 
what retrorse,  in  the  male  considerably  appressed ;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  about  twice  as  long  as  broad  in  both  sexes,  the  meta- 
sternal  lobes  attingent  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Tegmina  as 
long  as  the  body,  brown,  with  a  few  dusky  flecks  along  the  central 
field.  Legs  darker  or  lighter  brownish  yellow,  flecked  with  fuscous, 
the  hind  femora  bifasciate  above  with  blackish,  besides  a  blackish 
base  and  apex ;  hind  tibiae  glaucous  with  a  pale  annulus  at  the  base, 
interrupted  in  the  middle  by  a  blackish  glaucous  ring,  the  spines  pallid 
at  base,  black  beyond,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  compressed,  hardly  clavate,  upturned,  the 
supraanal  plate  triangular  with  nearly  straight  sides,  the  surface  sub- 
tectate,  with  a  very  deep  and  narrow  percurrent  median  sulcus,  bounded 
by  sharp  ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  basally  attingent, 
minute,  triangular  denticulations,  surmounting  the  ridges  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  cerci  broad  at  base,  scarcely  twice  as  long  as  broad,  sub- 
reniform,  well  rounded,  but  little  smaller  on  the  apical  half,  not  so  long 
as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  broader  than  long,  neither 
elevated  nor  prolonged  apically,  but  a  little  compressed,  so  that  the 
thickened  apical  margin  as  seen  from  above  is  strongly  rounded  (the 
figure  was,  unfortunately,  drawn  from  a  specimen  in  which  the  extreme 
apex  was  slightly  collapsed  in  drying)  and  subacuminate,  extending  far 
beyond  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22.5  mm.,  female,  28  mm. ;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16 mm.,  female,  18.75  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  12  mm.,  female,  15.5  mm. 

Nine  males,  12  females.  Dallas,  Texas,  August  18,  Boll  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology;  U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder); 
Lerdo,  Ducango,  Mexico  (L.  Brtmer). 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUD  DEB.  163 


17.  MELANOPLUS  KENNICOTTII. 
(Plate  XI,  fig.  S.) 

Calopienus  lilituratus  SCUDDER!,  Daws.,  Rep.  Geol.  Rec.  49th  par.  (1875),  p.  343. 
Mt-lanoplm  kennicottii  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Best.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  pp.  287, 

289,  290;    Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  46,  48,  49.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 

Coinm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  307. 
Melauoplus  bilituratus  CAULFIELD  (pars),  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886), 

p.  171. 
Calopteniis  (Melanoplus)  lilituratus  CAULFIELD  (pars),  Can.  Rec.  So.,  II  (1887), 

p.  401;  (pars),  Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  13. 
MelanoplMS  modestus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Brownish  testaceous,  heavily  mottled  with  fuscous.  Head  very  dark 
above  and  in  a  postocular  baud;  vertex  rather  tumid,  particularly  in 
the  male,  where  it  is  distinctly  elevated  above  the  level  of  the  prono- 
tum;  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  much  broader  than,  in 
the  female  nearly  twice  as  broad  as,  the  basal  joint  of  the  antennae; 
fastigium  rapidly  declivent.  broadly  and  rather  deeply  (male)  or  shal- 
lowly  (female)  sulcate  throughout  ;  frontal  costa  not  very  broad,  slightly 
narrowed  above,  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes;  eyes 
moderately  large  and  prominent;  antennae  testaceous,  infuscated  apic- 
ally,  a  little  shorter  than  (male)  or  less  than  two-thirds  as  long  as 
(female)  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  short,  enlarging  a  little  poste- 
riorly, the  front  border  truncate,  the  hind  border  obtusely  angulate,  the 
angle  rounded,  dark  testaceous  above,  more  or  less  heavily  mottled 
with  fuscous,  the  lower  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  lighter,  but  the 
upper  part,  on  the  prozona,  with  a  broad  piceous  band,  occasionally 
broken,  especially  in  the  female;  median  carina  percurrent  and  slight, 
but  feebler  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  metazona;  disk  passing  almost 
insensibly  into  the  lateral  lobes  on  the  prozona,  but  on  the  metazoua 
with  a  distinct  though  rounded  angle;  prozona  feebly  (male)  or  dis- 
tinctly (female)  transverse,  scarcely  longer  than  the  obscurely  punctate 
metazoua.  Prosternal  spine  short,  erect,  conical,  very  blunt;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  only  a  little  longer  than  broad  (male)  or 
decidedly  transverse,  but  narrower  than  the  lobes  themselves  (female); 
metasternal  lobes  narrowly  attingent  (male)  or  approximate  (female). 
Tegmina  reaching,  occasionally  in  the  female  surpassing,  the  tip  of  the 
hind  femora,  moderately  narrow,  distinctly  tapering,  brownish  fuscous 
with  feeble  flecking  along  the  discoidal  area;  wings  moderately  broad, 
hyaline,  most  of  the  veins  and  cross  veins  blackish  fuscous.  Hind 
femora  brownish  testaceous,  more  or  less  obliquely  bifasciate  with 
fuscous  on  the  upper  half,  the  genicular  arc  piceous,  the  inferior  face 
more  or  less  but  slightly  fulvous;  hind  tibiae  paler  or  browner  testa- 
ceous, the  spines  black  except  at  base,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  slightly  clavate,  upturned, 
the  supraaual  plate  triangular  with  nearly  straight  sides  and  acutangu- 
late  apex,  the  median  sulcus  percurreut,  not  very  narrow  but  mesially 


164  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


constricted;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  distant,  minute, 
slender  denticulations,  lying  outside  the  ridges  bounding  the  sulcus  of 
the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  coarse,  punctate,  hardly  tapering,  slightly 
upcurved,  hardly  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  upper  apical  portion 
strongly  compressed,  while  the  rest  is  rather  tumid,  the  apex  rounded, 
reaching  beyond  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  broad  and 
short,  neither  elevated  nor  prolonged  apically,  the  apical  margin  nar- 
rowly subtruncate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  6.5 
mm.,  female,  6  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  13  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

Three  males,  2  females.  Yukon  Kiver,  Alaska,  Kenuicott;  Souris 
liiver,  Assiniboia,  Dawson;  Glendive,  Dawson  County,  Montana  (L. 
Bruner);  Ouster  County,  Montana  (same). 

Bruuer  states  that  this  insect  feeds  upon  sagebrush,  though  it  is 
uncertain  whether  this  is  the  species  he  refers  to  in  his  statement,  since 
the  specimens  received  from  him  bear  another  name. 

5.  IJTAHENSIS  SERIES. 

In  this  small  group  the  prozoua  of  the  male  is  quadrate  or  subquad- 
rate,  and  the  interspace  between  the  mesosterual  lobes  is  as  in  the 
spretus  series;  in  front  of  these  lobes,  also,  the  mesosternurn  of  the 
male  has  a  central  swelling  forming  a  blunt  tubercle.  The  antennae 
are  rather  short  and  differ  but  little  in  the  two  sexes.  The  tegmina 
are  fully  developed,  but  rather  short,  surpassing  the  hind  femora  but 
little  if  at  all,  and  clear  or  feebly  maculate;  the  hind  tibiae  are  red, 
with  normally  eleven  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraaual  plate  is  rudely  clypeate  and  longer  than  broad;  the 
furcula  well  developed,  consisting  of  flattened,  parallel,  more  or  less 
tapering  fingers,  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  the  cerci  are 
laminate  and  simple,  very  broad  and  short,  subequal,  broadly  rounded 
apically,  a  little  upcurved;  the  subgenital  plate  is  peculiar,  being* 
exceptionally  long  and  exceptionally  broad,  exceptionally  elevated 
and  prolonged  at  apex,  the  apical  margin  strongly  rounded  and 
mesially  entire,  though  in  one  species  laterally  notched,  an  exceedingly 
exceptional  feature. 

The  species,  three  in  number,  vary  from  a  little  below  the  medium 
to  rather  large  sized.  They  are  found  mainly  in  the  Cordilleran  region 
from  about  latitude  38°  northward  into  Canada. 

18.  MELANOPLUS  BRUNERI,  new  species. 

(Plate  XI,  fig.  7.) 
Melanopli(8  extremus?  BRUNEK!,  Cau.  Ent.;  XVII  (1885),  p.  18. 

Brownish  fuscous,  often  with  a  ferruginous  tint.  Head  pale  olivaceo- 
testaceous,  dark  fuscous  or  ferruginous  above,  often  much  infumated  or 
mottled  with  fuscous  below  aiid  with  a  piceous  stripe  behind  the  eyes; 
vertex  feebly  tumid,  scarcely  raised  above  the  level  of  the  pronotuin ; 


wo.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLT—8CUDt)ffit.  165 


interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  as  broad  as  (male)  or  broader 
than  (female)  the  first  anteunal  joint;  fastigium  rapidly  descending 
with  a  regular  curve,  broadly  and  very  shallowly  sulcate  (male)  or 
plane  with  feebly  raised  margins  between  the  eyes  (female);  frontal 
costa  broad,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal,  or 
feebly  narrower  above  than  below,  just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeal  mar- 
gin, feebly  impressed  at  and  sometimes  a  little  below  the  ocellus,  punc- 
tate especially  at  the  sides;  eyes  moderate,  as  long  as  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae,  not  very  prominent;  antennae  varying  from  fulvo- 
testaceous  to  rufous,  much  infuscated  apically,  about  three-fourths  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora,  nearly  as  long  in  the  female  as  in  the  male. 
Pronotum  with  the  front  margin  transverse,  the  hind  margin  obtusely 
angulate,  the  angle  rounded,  the  median  carina  percurrent,  but  feeble 
on  the  prozona,  the  prozona  plano-convex,  passing  by  a  well-rounded 
angle  into  the  sub  vertical  lateral  lobes,  the  disk  smooth,  quadrate 
(male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female),  slightly  longer  than  the  finely  and 
densely  punctate  metazona,  the  transverse  sulci  distinct  and  continuous; 
the  upper  two-fifths  of  the  lateral  lobes  are  marked  on  the  prozona  by 
a  fuscous  or  piceous  patch,  while  the  lower  half  is  occasionally  lighter 
than  the  rest  of  the  body.  Prosternal  spine  erect,  and  moderately  long, 
appressed  conical,  the  tip  blunt  (male)  or  short,  stout,  conico-cylin- 
drical,  very  blunt  (female);  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  subquadrate  (female) ;  inetasternal 
lobes  attingent  (male)  or  distant  by  half  the  width  of  the  frontal  costa 
(female).  Tegmina  r<  aching  and  generally  somewhat  surpassing  the 
tips  of  the  hind  femora,  somewhat  but  rather  delicately  maculate  in  the 
basal  two-thirds  of  the  discoidal  area;  wings  pellucid,  rather  broad. 
Hind  femora  fusco-fci  ruginous,  obliquely  blotched  externally  and  above 
with  luteo-testaceous,  the  lighter  parts  occurring  before  and  past  the 
middle  and  as  a  pregenicular  annulus;  beneath  dull  luteous  with  a 
tinge  of  fulvous;  genicular  arc  fusco-piceous;  inferior  genicular  lobe 
pallid  or  sordid  luteous  with  a  basal  black  bar;  hind  tibiae  pale  red, 
sometimes  with  a  pale  greenish  yellow  tinge,  sometimes  with  a  feeble 
fuscous  patellar  mark,  the  spines  black  excepting  at  base,  ten  to  twelve, 
usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male 
abdomen  a  little  clavate,  much  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  rather 
narrow,  demi-oval,  with  rounded  sides  and  scarcely  angulate  apex,  the 
rather  deep  median  sulcus  terminating  beyond  the  middle  by  the  con- 
traction of  its  rather  stout  lateral  walls,  each  lateral  half  of  the  plate 
with  a  short  apical  ridge  in  its  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of 
straight,  parallel,  flattened,  rather  slender,  tapering,  pointed,  basally 
attiugent  fingers,  reaching  the  middle  of  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci 
broad,  subequal  but  mesially  contracted,  compressed,  slightly  upcurved 
and  incurved  laminae,  bluntly  rounded  apieally,  more  than  twice  as 
long  as  broad,  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates 
broad,  obliquely  truncate  apically,  scarcely  surpassing  the  supraaiial 
plate;  subgenital  plate  greatly  piolonged  and  elevated  apically,  the 


166  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


apical  face  depressed  so  as  to  give  a  tendency  to  the  margin  to  appear 
bilobed  in  drying,  but  the  apical  margin  actually  entire,  subtruncate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22  mm.,  female  22.5  mm.  ;  antennae,  male,  9.5 
mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  18.75  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male  and  female,  12.5  mm. 

Twenty-three  males,  25  females.  Camp  Umatilla,  Washington,  June 
26  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Brown's,  Colville  Valley,  Wash- 
ington, July  24  (same);  Loon  Lake,  Colville  Valley,  Washington, 
July  23  (same);  Little  Spokane,  Washington,  July  26  (same);  Fort 
McLeod,  Alberta,  Canada,  August  (L.  Bruiier;  U.S.N.M.— Kiley  col- 
lection); Banff,  Alberta,  Beau,  June,  August  (S.  Henshaw);  Montana 
(U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Weeksville,  Montana,  August  2  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Yellowstone,  Montana,  August  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection);  Gordon,  Sheridan  County,  Nebraska,  Bruner  (same); 
South  Park,  Colorado,  8,000  to  10,000  feet;  Florissant,  El  Paso  County, 
Colorado,  August  17-22,  8,000  feet. 

Specimens  from  Colorado  and  Nebraska  are  a  little  smaller  than 
those  from  further  north,  and  have  rather  shorter  wings.  The  same  is 
true  also  of  specimens  taken  at  Banff,  Alberta,  in  June. 

Bruner  also  reports  it  from  Helena,  Fort  Ellis,  and  the  Madison  val- 
ley, Montana,  and  Salmon  City,  Idaho. 

19.  MELAJSIOPLUS  EXCELSUS,  new  species.. 
(Plate  XI,  fig.  9.) 

Dull  brownish  fuscous,  the  under  surface  dull  luteo-testaceous.  Head 
dark  above  and  in  a  piceous  band  behind  the  eyes,  but  elsewhere  dull 
flavo-olivaceous,  more  or  less  clouded  with  plumbeous;  vertex  feebly 
tumid,  raised  slightly  above  the  level  of  the  pronotmn  in  the  male; 
interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broader  than  (male)  or  nearly  twice 
as  broad  as  (male)  the  basal  antennal  joint;  fastigiuin  plane  with  a 
basal  transverse  impression  (female)  or  broadly  and  shallowly  sulcate 
throughout  (male);  frontal  costa  broad,  broader  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  feebly  narrowing  above  in  the  male,  scarcely 
depressed  at  the  ocellus,  and  sometimes  in  the  male  slightly  below  it, 
just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  moderately 
long,  anteriorly  truncate,  as  long  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the 
genae,  slightly  prominent;  antennae  less  than  three-fourths  (male)  or 
than  two  thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora,  fusco-ferruginous, 
lighter  at  base.  Prouotum  gradually  and  slightly  enlarging  poste- 
riorly, with  the  front  margin  truncate,  the  hind  margin  bluntly  obtus- 
angulate,  the  brownish  fuscous  base  with  a  dull  flavons  tinge,  which 
increases  on  the  lateral  lobes  except  in  the  upper  portion  of  the  prozona, 
which  is  mostly  piceous,  the  sulci  piceous,  followed  in  the  posterior  sec- 
tion by  a  small  flavous  patch ;  median  carina  percurrent,  black,  sharper 
and  more  elevated  on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozoua,  the  proxona 
plano-convex  with  broadly  rounded  lateral  carinae,  slightly  more  angu- 
late  on  the  metazona;  disk  of  prozoua  nearly  smooth  and  quadrate 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCVDDKIi.  167 


(male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female),  no  longer  than  the  feebly  and  finely 
ruguloso-punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long  and 
slender,  conico-cylindrical,  blunt  (male)  or  short  and  stout,  appressed 
conical,  very  blunt  (female) ;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  much 
less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  transverse  (female),  the 
metasternal  lobes  attingent  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Teginiua 
just  reaching  as  far  as  the  hind  femora,  rather  slender,  scarcely  tapering, 
distinctly  and  quadrately  maculate  in  all  but  the  apical  fourth  of  the 
discoidal  area;  wings  pellucid,  not  very  broad.  Hind  femora  obliquely 
marked  alternately  with  blackish  fuscous  and  brownish  testaceous, 
showing  most  distinctly  (and  sometimes  only)  on  the  upper  half,  the 
lower  half  lighter,  beneath  red,  in  the  female  sometimes  paler,  the 
genicular  arcpiceous;  hind  tibiae  bright  red  with  a  fuscous  patellar 
spot,  the  spines  black  except  at  their  very  base,  ten  to  twelve  (usually 
eleven)  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
clavate,  considerably  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  narrow,  the  sides 
subparallel  and  broadly  upturned  over  a  little  more  than  the  basal 
half,  beyond  triangular  with  rectangulate  apex,  the  median  sulcus  very 
deep  and  narrow  between  high  and  compressed  walls,  reaching  nearly 
to  the  tip,  so  that  each  side  has  between  these  walls  and  the  elevated 
margins  of  the  plate  a  very  pronounced  sulcation;  furcula  consisting 
of  a  pair  of  strongly  depressed,  slender,  parallel  lingers,  equal  and 
scarcely  parted  in  basal  half,  beyond  tapering  and  bluntly  pointed, 
reaching  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerei  very  broad,  subequal 
in  basal  half,  then  bent  a  little  upward  and  feebly  tapering  but  broadly 
rounded  apically,  the  whole  obliquely  vertical,  straight  and  not  incurved, 
less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  and  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate; 
infracercal  plates  thickened  apically  and  a  little  surpassing  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  obliquely  truncate:  subgenital  plate  greatly  prolonged  aud 
elevated  apically,  the  apical  margin  entire,  well  rounded,  in  no  way 
truncate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.5 
mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  15  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Four  males,  5  females.  Above  timber,  11,000  to  13,000  feet,  on  Mount 
Lincoln,  Park  County,  Colorado,  August  13. 

20.  MELANOPLUS  UTAHENSIS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XT,  fig.  10.) 
Melanoplua  utahensi*  BHUXER!,  MS. 

Yellowish  brown.  Head  luteous,  much  clouded  with  light  fusco- 
olivaceous,  the  summit  aud  a  broad  band  behind  the  eyes  very  dark 
fusco-olivaceous,  separated  by  a  luteous  stripe;  vertex  gently  tumid, 
scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
broad,  fully  as  broad  as  the  first  antenna!  joint,  the  fastigium  broadly 
and  shallowly  sulcate  except  at  base;  frontal  costa  broad,  feebly 


168  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


narrowed  above  the  ocellus,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  feebly  depressed  at  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  rather 
large,  not  very  prominent,  as  long  as  the  intraocular  portion  of  the 
genae;  antennae  testaceous.  Pronotum  gently  widening  posteriorly, 
the  front  margin  scarcely  convex  and  feebly  and  roundly  emarginate 
in  the  middle,  the  hind  margin  obtusely  angulate,  the  angle  rounded, 
the  median  carina  distinct  and  rather  sharp  on  the  metazona,  feeble  on 
the  prozona  and  obsolete  between  the  snlci;  disk  of  prozona  plano- 
convex, passing  almost  insensibly  but  with  a  broadly  rounded  angle 
into  the  sub  vertical  lateral  lobes,  the  lateral  carinae  feebly  indicated 
on  the  metazona;  mesial  half  of  the  disk  of  the  prozona  very  dark 
fusco-olivaceous,  bordered  on  either  side  by  luteous;  lateral  lobes  and 
metazona  luteo-testaceous  with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  the  upper  half  of 
the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  occupied  by  a  broad  fusco-fuliginous 
glistening  band,  failing  to  reach  the  anterior  border  and  broader  on 
the  posterior  than  on  the  anterior  section;  prozona  smooth,  quadrate, 
a  very  little  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  long,  slightly  appressed  cylindrical,  blunt-tipped,  very  feebly 
retrorse;  interspace  between  niesosternal  lobes  of  male  about  half  as 
long  again  as  broad,  ths  metasternal  lobes  attingent.  Tegmina  scarcely 
attaining  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad  at  base,  dis- 
tinctly tapering,  the  tip  narrow  and  strongly  rounded,  brownish  testa- 
ceous without  markings;  wings  pellucid,  the  main  veins  testaceous, 
the  others  blackish  fuscous.  Femora  yellowish  brown,  the  hind  pair 
much  iufuscated  on  the  outer  face,  especially  above,  the  upper  surface 
broadly  marked  with  fuscous  near  base  at  tip,  and  with  two  other 
nearly  confluent  belts  between,  the  inner  face  feebly  and  the  lower  face 
distinctly  reddened ;  genicular  arc  black ;  hind  tibiae  uniformly  red,  the 
spines  black  nearly  to  the  base,  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  broadly  clavate,  strongly  upturned,  the 
supraanal  plate  rather  long,  triangular,  with  rounded  sides,  acutangu- 
late  apex,  the  basal  two  thirds  of  the  lateral  margins  broadly  elevated, 
the  median  sulcus  narrow  and  deep,  extending  over  two-thirds  of  the 
plate,  bounded  by  moderate  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very 
broad,  parallel,  elongated,  strongly  flattened  pads  with  rounded  tips, 
almost  reaching  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate,  their  outer  margins 
broadly  rounded;  cerci  consisting  of  coarse  and  broad,  punctate 
laminae,  feebly  narrowing  in  the  basal  half,  beyond  a  little  upturned, 
equal,  very  broadly  rounded  at  apex,  straight  or  feebly  outcurved 
apically,  not  so  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  visible 
only  at  extreme  base;  subgenital  plate  enormously  produced  and 
elevated  (more  abruptly  elevated  than  represented  in  the  figure),  the 
apical  margin  deeply  emarginate  laterally,  and  well  rounded  and  entire 
mesially. 

Length  of  body,  male,  27  mm. ;  tegmina,  18  mm. ;  hind  femora,  14  mm. 

One  male.  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  August  30,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.— 
Kiley  collection). 


N0. 1124.  REVISION  OF  THK  MELAXOPLI—SCTDDER.  1(>9 

6.  SPBETUS  SERIES. 

This  group  is  a  very  homogeneous  one  and  comprises  the  species  of 
Melanoplus  which  are  especially  destructive  to  vegetation  by  their 
immense  numbers  and  more  or  less  extended  flights,  such  destructive- 
ness  being  almost  confined  to  its  members.  The  pronotuin  of  the  male 
is  transverse  or  quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal,  and  the  interspace 
between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  varies  from  a  little 
longer  than  broad  to  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  mesosternum  in 
front  of  the  lobes  centrally  elevated  to  form  a  very  low  and  blunt 
conical  tubercle  or  boss.  The  tegmina  are  always  fully  developed, 
usually  much  surpassing  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora  (though  in  one 
case  not  nearly  reaching  them),  more  or  less  maculate  (only  immaculate 
by  individual  exception),  and  the  hind  tibiae  are  variably  colored,  but 
either  red  or  green  (very  rarely  blue  or  yellow),  and  have  nine  to 
thirteen  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  of  the  male  is  subtriangular,  rather  long,  with 
straight  or  sinuous  lateral  margins;  the  furcula  consists  of  a  pair  of 
slender,  tapering,  parallel  or  divergent,  generally  feebly  depressed 
fingers,  generally  extending  over  the  basal  fourth  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  the  cerci  are  rather  broad  and  nearly  straight  and  nearly  flat 
lamellae,  the  apical  half  narrower  than  the  basal,  generally  through 
oblique  excision  of  the  lower  margin,  and  usually  bent  upward  a  little, 
rounded  or  subtruncate  at  tip  and  from  one  and  a  half  to  three  times 
as  long  as  broad;  the  subgenital  plate  is  haustrate,  about  as  broad  as 
long,  more  or  less  elevated  apically  and  has  the  apical  margin  mesially 
notched. 

The  species,  seven  in  number,  are  of  a  medium  or  moderately  large 
size  and  range  widely  (especially  M.  atlanis,  the  range  of  which  is 
almost  or  quite  equal  to  that  of  the  group),  occurring  in  every  part  of 
the  United  States,  from  Atlantic  to  Pacific,  excepting  most  of  California 
and  the  southernmost  of  the  Atlantic  States;  members  of  the  group 
occur  also,  but  apparently  in  scanty  numbers,  as  far  beyond  our  southern 
borders  as  Central  Mexico,  and  on  the  north,  in  full  abundance,  iu 
Canada  from  ocean  to  ocean;  but  this  group  apparently  does  not 
extend  so  far  north  as  the  femur-rubrum  series,  for  it  is  not  known 
from  Newfoundland  or  Labrador,  nor  about  Hudson  Bay,  though  in 
the  west  it  reaches  the  Arctic  Circle,  two  of  the  species  occurring  in 
Alaska. 

21.  MELANOPLUS  ALASKANUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XII,  fig.  1.) 

Slightly  above  the  medium  size,  ferrugiueo-fuscous  with  testaceous 
markings.  Head  pale  castaneous,  heavily  marked  above,  at  least  in 
the  male,  with  black,  especially  along  the  margins  of  the  eyes  and  in  a 
median  stripe,  besides  a  broad  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid, 


170  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first 
antennal  joint;  fastigium  somewhat  strongly  declivent,  broadly  and 
rather  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  rather 
prominent,  percurrent,  feebly  narrowed  above,  as  broad  as  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  finely  and  irregularly  punctate  throughout,  but 
more  sparingly  below  than  above,  sulcate  at  and  a  little  below  the 
ocellus;  eyes  moderately  large,  moderately  prominent,  longer  than  the 
in fraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  rufo-testaceous,  about  three- 
fourths  (male)  or  less  than  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  subequal,  expanding  feebly  011  the  metazona,  luteo-castane- 
ous,  the  metazona  and  especially  its  disk  rufo-castaneous,  the  lateral 
lobes  of  the  prozona  with  a  very  broad  piceous  postocular  band;  disk 
of  pronotum  very  broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  rounded  but  distinct 
shoulder,  on  the  metazona  forming  subdistinct  lateral  carinae,  into  the 
anteriorly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes ;  median  carina  percurrent,  but 
on  the  prozona  rather  feeble  and  uniform ;  front  margin  truncate,  nar- 
rowly subemarginate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozona  longitudi- 
nally quadrate  (male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female),  as  long  as  the  feebly 
ruguloso-punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short,  stout,  appressed 
cylindrical,  very  obtuse;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  broadening  posteriorly  (male)  or  subquad- 
rate  (female).  Tegmiua  somewhat  surpassing  the  tips  of  the  hind 
femora,  moderately  broad,  distinctly  tapering,  rufo-fuscous,  feebly  mac- 
ulate with  black  along  the  middle  line.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of 
male  rather  strongly  tumid;  hind  femora  pale  flavo-testaceous,  necked 
with  black  in  open  transverse  fasciations  on  the  upper  half,  at  base, 
just  before,  and  somewhat  behind  the  middle,  the  geniculation  with  the 
base  of  the  lower  genicular  lobe  black,  the  outer  half  of  the  inferior 
face  roseate;  hind  tibiae  dark  or  light  red  with  a  feeble  fuscous  patel- 
lar  spot,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  base,  ten  to  twelve,  usually  eleven, 
in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate, 
strongly  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  triangular  with  rather  broad  and 
subclepsydral  median  sulcus,  bounded  by  not  strongly  elevated  rounded 
walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  coarse,  parallel,  basally 
attingent,  tapering,  acuminate,  flattened  fingers,  a  third  as  long  as  the 
supraanal  plate;  cerci  subfalcate,  tapering  more  rapidly  in  basal  than 
in  apical  half,  regularly  curved  upward,  compressed,  strongly  rounded 
apically,  more  than  twice  as  long  as  median  breadth;  subgenital  plate 
pyramidal  and  strongly  elevated  apically,  the  apical  margin  much 
thickened  but  notched  by  a  deep  mesial  contraction,  which  separates 
two  rounded  bosses. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22  mm.,  female,  26  mm. ;  antennae,  male  (est.), 
9  mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  14.5  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Alaska,  T.  C.  Mendenhall  (U.S.N.M.);  Spil- 
macheen,  British  Columbia,  July  25  (S.  Henshaw). 


NO.  1 124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  171 

22.  MELANOPLUS  AFFINIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XII,  fig.  2.) 

Melanoplus  affinis  BRUNER!,  MS. 

[Some  of  the  synonymy  given  under  M.  atlanis  almost  certainly  belongs  here.] 

Slightly  above  the  medium  size,  rather  robust,  griseo-fuscous,  testa- 
ceous beneath.  Head  olivaeeo-plumbeous,  the  elypeus  and  labrum 
paler,  above  more  or  less  rufous  and  marked  with  fuscous,  with  a 
piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above 
the  prouotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again 
(male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fas- 
tigium  very  steeply  decliveut,  broadly  and  considerably  (male)  or  feebly 
(female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  reaching  or  almost  reaching  the  elypeus, 
as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  narrowed  above  at 
least  in  the  male,  irregularly  punctate  throughout  but  more  densely 
above  than  below,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  slightlybelow  the  ocellus;  eyes 
moderately  large,  not  very  prominent,  much  longer  than  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  flavo  testaceous,  about  three-fourths 
(male)  or  about  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prono- 
tum  subequal,  expanding  a  little  on  the  metazona,  darker  above  than 
on  the  sides,  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  with  a  more  or  less  dis- 
tinct, sometimes  broken, broad, piceous,  postocular  band,  the  disk  nearly 
plane  but  broadly  convex,  passing  into  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes  by 
a  well  rounded  but  distinct  shoulder,  forming  tolerably  distinct  lateral 
carinae  on  the  metazona  j  median  carina  percurrent,  distinctly  feebler 
on  the  prozoua  than  on  the  metazona,  as  distinct  between  the  sulci  as 
in  advance  of  them ;  front  margin  very  feebly  and  very  narrowly  flaring, 
truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  not  much  rounded; 
prozona  feebly  longitudinal  or  quadrate  (male)  or  somewhat  transverse 
(female),  scarcely  if  any  longer  (male)  or  faintly  shorter  (female)  than 
the  densely  but  somewhat  obscurely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  moderately  long,  cylindrical,  erect,  very  blunt  and  faintly  appressed 
in  the  male,  similar  but  shorter  and  more  conical  in  the  female;  inter- 
space between  mesosternal  lobes  twice  or  more  than  twice  as  long  as 
broad  (male)  or  subquadrate  (female).  Tegmina  surpassing  considera- 
bly the  hind  femora,  moderately  narrow,  tapering  feebly,  rufo-fuscous 
or  griseo-fuscous,  with  a  distinct  but  more  or  less  pronounced  median 
series  of  fuscous  annulations  intercalated  in  basal  half  between  more  or 
less  pronounced  pallid  dashes  or  spots;  wings  hyaline,  the  veins  heavily 
i n fu seated  apically  and  anteriorly.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male 
moderately  tumid ;  hind  femora  rufo-testaceous,  more  or  less  clouded 
with  fuscous  and  feebly  bifasciate  with  fuscous  above,  the  lower  face  and 
at  least  the  lower  half  of  the  inner  face  roseate,  the  genicular  arc  black; 
hind  tibiae  pale  glaucous,  flavescent  at  apex  and  with  a  fuscous  patel- 
lar  spot,  the  spines  black  on  more  than  the  apical  half,  eleven,  occasion- 
ally twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 


172  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


a  little  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with 
slightly  convex  and  slightly  elevated  lateral  margins,  subrectangulate 
apex,  and  a  rather  narrow  and  not  very  deep  percurrent  median  sulcus, 
bordered  by  narrow  but  rather  low  and  rounded  walls ;  furcula  consisting 
of  a  pair  of  very  slender,  feebly  divergent,  tapering,  acuminate  spines, 
scarcely  a  fourth  as  long  as  the  snpraanal  plate;  cerci  consisting  of  a 
feebly  tapering, feebly  tumid  basal  half,  and  a  subequal,  slenderer,  com- 
pressed apical  half,  the  latter  bent  feebly  inward  and  slightly  upward, 
rounded  apically,  the  whole  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  median 
breadth ;  subgenital  plate  with  the  apical  margin  feebly  elevated,  thick- 
ened and  mesially  notched,  but  not  deeply. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  26  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12.25  ram.,  female,  14  mm. 

Six  males,  4  females.  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah,  August  30  (L.  Bruner) ; 
Fort  McKinney,  Johnson  County,  Wyoming,  July  (same)  5  Olmstead's, 
near  Ellensburg.  Kittitas  County,  Washington,  July  14, 15,  S.Henshaw 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Ellensburg,  Kittitas  County,  Wash- 
ington, July  14,  Henshaw  (same);  Spokane,  Washington,  July  21, 22, 
Henshaw  (same) ;  Loon  Lake,  Colville  Valley,  Washington,  July  25, 
Henshaw  (same);  Camp  Urnatilla,  Washington,  June  27,  Henshaw 
(same);  British  Columbia,  Crotch  (same). 

Bruner  in  an  unpublished  account  of  this  species  gives  its  habitat  as 
"in  the  mountains  near  Ogden,Utah,  among  the  low  trees  and  bushes, 
at  an  elevation  slightly  above  the  highest  of  the  ancient  shore  lines  of 
Salt  Lake;  also  among  the  foothills  of  the  Big  Horn  Mountains,  near 
Fort  McKinney,  Wyoming." 

In  the  same  manuscript,  Bruner  compares  the  present  species  with 
M.  atlanis,  as  follows : 

Closely  related  to  M.  atlanis  in  many  respects ;  from  which  it  is  to  be  distinguished 
by  its  somewhat  larger  size  and  more  robust  form,  also  by  its  larger  head  and  more 
prominent  eyes.  The  last  ventral  segment  [subgeuital  plate]  of  the  male  is  shorter 
and  the  male  cerci  are  narrower  than  in  the  typical  atlanis.  The  color  of  the  hind 
tibiae  is  pale  glaucous  as  in  intermed'tus  instead  of  red,  as  is  usually  the  case  in 
typical  specimens  of  atlanix. 

23.  MELANOPLUS    INTERMEDIUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XII,  figs.  3,4.) 
Melanoplus  intermedium  BKUNER!,  MS. 
[Some  of  the  synonymy  given  under  M.  atlanis  almost  certainly  belongs  here.] 

A  medium-sized  or  rather  small  species,  of  slender  form,  brownish 
fuscous,  dull  testaceous  beneath.  Head  slightly  prominent,  rufo- or  fusco- 
testaceous,  more  or  less  heavily  flecked  with  fuscous  above,  or  wholly 
infuscated,  with  a  broad  piceous  or  fuscous  postocular  band;  vertex 
gently  tumid,  a  little  (sometimes  considerably)  elevated  above  the  level 
of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  fully  half  as  broad 
again  as  the  first  antenna!  joint,  slightly  broader  in  the  female  than  in 


NO.  1124.  UVriSION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDKH.  173 


the  male;  fastigium  rather  steeply  declivent,  distinctly  (male)  or  shal- 
lowly  (female)  and  broadly  silicate;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent,  per- 
current  or  almost  percurrent,  equal,  as  broad  as  (female)  or  slightly 
broader  than  (male)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  biseriately  punc- 
tate throughout,  slightly  depressed  at  and  just  below  the  ocellus;  eyes 
moderately  large,  prominent  especially  in  the  male,  much  longer  than 
the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  fulvous,  basally  lutescent, 
four-fifths  (male)  or  less  than  three  fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora.  Pronotum  subequal  but  for  the  gently  flaring  metazona,  more 
or  less  infuscated,  sometimes  punctate  or  strigose  with  fuscous,  with  a 
generally  distinct  postocular  piceous  band  on  the  lateral  lobes  of  the 
prozona,  the  disk  very  broadly  convex  and  passing  into  the  subvertical 
lateral  lobes  by  a  broadly  rounded  but  distinct  shoulder,  occasionally 
angulate  on  the  metazona;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazoua^ 
feeble  on  the  prozoua,  nearly  always  (especially  in  the  male)  subobsolete 
between  the  sulci;  front  margin  truncate  or  subtruncate,  hind  margin 
obtusangulate,  the  angle  little  rounded;  prozona  feebly  longitudinal  or 
rarely  quadrate  (male)  or  more  or  less  distinctly  transverse  (female),  gen- 
erally and  especially  in  the  male  a  little  longer  than  the  finely  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  erect,  cylindrical,  blunt, 
in  the  female  tapering  a  little  as  seen  from  the  front;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobe-;  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  a  little 
longer  than  broad  (female).  Tegmina  reaching  or  somewhat  surpass- 
ing the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  rather  slender,  tapering  with  some 
distinctness,  apically  narrow,  brownish  fuscous,  apically  fusco-hyaline, 
the  middle  third  or  more  of  the  discoidal  area  more  or  less  feebly  and 
rather  minutely  flecked  with  fuscous;  wings  moderately  broad,  hyaline, 
with  blackish  fuscous  veins.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  not  very 
tumid  (the  middle  more  than  the  fore  femora),  the  hind  femora  flavo- 
testaceous,  very  obliquely  and  rather  broadly  bifasciate  with  fuscous, 
which  sometimes  suffuses  nearly  the  whole  upper  half,  the  lower  face 
sometimes  very  feebly  roseate,  the  genicular  arc  black,  the  lower 
genicular  lobe  usually  pallid  throughout;  hind  tibiae  pale  glaucous, 
rarely  red,  the  spines  black  nearly  to  their  base,  ten  to  twelve  in  num- 
ber in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate, 
gently  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  feebly  convex 
lateral  margins,  subrectangulate  apex,  and  a  narrow  percurrent  median 
sulcus  between  rather  high  and  sharp  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  feebly  divergent,  slender,  tapering  and  acuminate,  slightly 
depressed  spines  about  a  fourth  the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
cerci  rather  small,  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  gently 
tapering  and  externally  a  little  tumid  in  the  basal  half,  beyond  subequal, 
compressed  or  subsulcate,  gently  upturned,  apically  subtruncate  or 
broadly  rounded;  subgenital  plate  very  slightly  elevated  apically,  the 
margin  feebly  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  2'2  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  8.25 


174  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  tegmiaa,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm.;  liind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.5  mm. 

Fifteen  males,  23  females.  White  Eiver,  Eio  Blanco  County,  Colo- 
rado, July  24- August  14;  Yellowstone,  Montana,  August  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection;  L.  Bruner);  Yellowstone  National  Park,  September 
6-12;  Salmon  City,  Lemhi  County,  Idaho,  August  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection);  Washington,  Morrison  (same.) 

Mr.  Bruner,  in  an  unpublished  account  of  this  species  kindly  placed 
in  my  hands,  says  that  the  point  in  Montana  where  this  species  was 
taken  is  in  the  Yellowstone  Valley  above  the  mouth  of  the  Big  Horn 
Eiver;  and  he  gives  the  following  points  of  difference  between  this 
species  and  M.  atlanis: 

In  intermedius  the  entire  body  is  more  or  less  covered  with  rather  long  fine  hairs, 
the  thorax  is  much  longer  than  in  atlanis — throwing  the  base  of  the  posterior  femora 
considerably  back  of  the  middle — and  in  this  respect  resembling  Pezotettix  [Mclano- 
plu8~\  washing tonianus  Bruner.  The  male  cerci  are  longer  and  narrower  than  in 
atlanis,  and  are  curved  slightly  inward  and  upward  on  the  apical  half;  they  are  also 
shallowly  grooved  from  the  outside.  The  last  ventral  segment  f  subgenital  plate]  of 
the  male  abdomen  is  a  little  shorter  than  in  that  species,  and  the  prosternal  spine  is 
also  much  longer,  stouter,  and  more  bluntly  pointed  than  there.  The  general  color- 
ization  is  much  the  same  as  in  atlanis  but  darker — being  dull  brown  and  gray  above 
and  dingy  beneath;  there  are  no  well-defined  bands  upon  the  posterior  femora,  and 
the  tibiae  are  dull  glaucous,  more  or  less  tinged  with  brown,  especially  on  the  basal 
third  and  near  the  apex. 

It  differs  from  M.  atlanis,  to  which  it  is  most  nearly  allied,  in  the 
longer  male  antennae,  the  weaker  median  carina  of  the  pronotum,  the 
more  heavily  marked  hind  femora,  and  its  smaller  and  slenderer  form. 

24.  MELANOPLUS    BILITURATUS. 

(Plate  XII,  fig.  5.) 
Caloptenus  Ulituratus  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  679.— 

THOMAS,  Kep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  160;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 

Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  43.— PACKARD,  Ibid.,  I  (1878)  p.  [143].— SCUDDER,  Proc. 

Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 'XIX  (1878),  p.  289;  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  48. 
Melanoplus  bilituratus  CAULFIELD  (pars),  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71. 
Caloptenus  (Melanoplus)  bilituratus  CAULFIELD  (pars),  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p. 

401;  (pars),  Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  13. 

f  Melanoplus  scriptus  COCKERELL,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  XX  (1894),  p.  337. 
[Some  of  the  synonymy  given  under  M.  atlanis  almost  certainly  belongs  here.] 

A  little  above  the  medium  size,  rather  robust,  griseo-fuscous.  Head 
a  little  prominent,  fusco-testaceous  or  fusco-plumbeous,  generally  more 
or  less  infuscated  above  in  longitudinal  streaks  and  with  a  postocular 
piceous  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  a  little  elevated  above  the  pro- 
notum, the  interspace  between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first 
antennal  joint,  or  slightly  broader  than  that  in  the  female;  fastigiuin 
steeply  declivent",  sulcate  throughout,  more  deeply  in  the  male  than  in 
the  female;  frontal  costa  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  slightly  narrowed 
above  but  fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sul- 
cate at  and  below  the  ocellus,  feebly  and  more  or  less  biseriately  punc- 
tate throughout;  eyes  pretty  large,  rather  prominent,  distinctly  longer 


NO.  1 1 24.  RE  VISION  OF  Til  /•:  M 11 1.  A  \OPLI— SC  UL  DEIi .  175 


tban  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  testaceous,  about 
two-thirds  (male)  or  rather  more  than  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal  on  the  prozona,  expanding  posteri- 
orly on  the  metazona,  darker  above  than  on  the  sides,  but  occasionally 
with  pale  stripes  following  the  inner  margin  of  the  lateral  cariuae,  the 
lateral  lobes  with  a  generally  maculate  or  broken  but  usually  conspicu- 
ous piceous  postocular  band  confined  to  the  prozona,  the  disk  plane  on 
the  metazona,  feebly  convex  on  the  prozona,  passing  abruptly  into  the 
vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  distinct  shoulder,  on  the  metazona  forming 
rather  definite  lateral  cariuae;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona, 
subdued  and  uniform  on  the  prozona,  more  nearly  obsolete  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  feebly  obtusang- 
nlate;  prozona  quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  transversely 
subquadrate  or  transverse  (female),  scarcely  or  not  longer  than  the 
densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  not  very  stout,  stouter 
in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  appressed  conical,  rather  blunt,  erect; 
interspace  between  mesosterual  lobes  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad 
(male),  or  subquadrate  (female).  Teginina  generally  surpassing  a  little, 
sometimes  considerably,  the  hind  femora,  moderately  slender,  tapering 
but  little,  well  rounded  apically,  brownish  fuscous,  variably  maculate 
but  generally  rather  heavily  marked  along  the  discoidal  area,  sometimes 
sprinkled  with  fuscous  over  a  large  part  of  the  tegmina,  rarely  reduced 
to  a  feeble  series  of  spots  along  the  middle  line;  wings  rather  broad, 
hyaline  with  fuscous  veins.  Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  tumid 
in  the  male;  hind  femora  testaceous  or  flavo- testaceous,  heavily  and 
obliquely  (and  more  or  less  distinctly)  bifasciate  with  fuscous  or  black- 
ish fuscous.over  the  upper  and  outer  faces,  the  geniculation  black,  often 
with  an  indistinct  pregenicular  pale  flavous  aimulation,  the  lower  face 
with  a  flush  of  roseate;  hind  tibiae  bright  red  (by  rare  exception  glau- 
cous) with  a  more  or  less  distinct  fuscous  patellar  spot,  the  spines  black 
almost  to  the  base,  eleven  to  thirteen,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably  clavate,  well 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  long  triangular,  feebly  compressed  in 
the  middle,  the  apex  acutangulate,  the  margins  elevated,  the  median 
sulcus  rather  heavy  and  deep,  apically  evanescent,  its  walls  stout;  fur- 
cula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel,  tapering,  flattened  fingers  about 
a  third  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  nearly  three  times  as 
long  as  middle  breadth,  consisting  of  a  feebly  tapering  basal  portion 
nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad,  and  an  apical,  slightly  inbeut  and  feebly 
upturned,  externally  broadly  sulcate,  subequal  portion,  well  rounded  at 
tip;  subgenital  plate  subpyramidal,  with  its  lateral  margins  very  feebly 
sinuate,  the  apical  margin  rising  a  little  higher  and  distinctly  notched 
as  well  as  laterally  tumid. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  2G.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9 
mm.,  female,  8.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Forty-eight  males,  71  females.     British  Columbia,  G.  W.  Taylor  (L, 


176  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


Bruner);  same,  G.  R.  Crotch;  Vancouver  Island,  British  Columbia,  H. 
Edwards  (S.  H.  Scudder;  U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Victoria,  Van- 
couver Island,  British  Columbia,  Packard  (same);  Gold  Stream,  Van- 
couver Island,  British  Columbia,  July  17  (S.  Henshaw);  Su-amous, 
British  Columbia,  July  25  (same) ;  Northwest  Boundary  Survey,  Doctor 
Kennerly;  Washington,  Morrison  (U.  S.  N.  M. — Riley  collection;  S. 
Henshaw);  Camp  Umatilla,  Washington,  June  26,  Henshaw  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Loon  Lake,  Stevens  County,  Washington,  July 
25,  Henshaw  (same);  Brown's,  Colville  Valley,  Washington,  July  24, 
Henshaw  (same);  Ellensburg,  Kittitas  County,  Washington,  July  14, 
Henshaw  (same);  Easton,  Kittitas  County,  Washington  (U.S.N.M. — 
Riley  collection);  Spokane,  Washington,  July  21,  22,  Henshaw 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Fort  Wallawalla,  Washington,  Ben- 
dire  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Wallula,  Wallawalla  County, 
Washington,  September  1,  Packard  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Morgan's 
Ferry,  Yakima  River,  Washington,  July  1,  Henshaw  (Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology);  La.Chapples,  Yakima  River,  Washington,  July  16, 
Henshaw  (same);  Umatilla,  Oregon,  July  25,  Henshaw  (same);  Ruby 
Valley,  Elko  County,  Nevada,  R.  Ridgway;  Camp  Halleck,  Elko 
County,  Nevada, E. Palmer;  Reno,  Washoe  County,  Nevada  ( U.S.N.M. — 
Riley  collection);  Truckee  Valley,  Nevada,  R.  Ridgway;  Lake  Tahoe, 
Nevada,  Packard  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  WTeeksville.  Montana, 
August  2,  Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology). 

This  is  the  species  which  has  been  classed,  in  the  National  Museum 
as  belonging  to  Walker's  Caloptenus  scriptus,  and  is  therefore  prob- 
ably the  species  so  named  by  Cockerell1  as  coining-  from  Colorado.  It 
is,  however,  not  that  species,  a  female  specimen  of  the  present  species 
having  at  my  request  been  compared  with  the  types  by  Mr.  S.  Henshaw 
during  a  recent  visit  in  London.  As  compared  with  this,  lie  finds  the 
true  scriptus  to  be  u  much  larger,  heavier,  and  with  shorter,  heavier, 
and  more  clumsy  prosternal  spine;  thoracic  carinae,  especially  the 
median,  sharper  and  more  prominent;  cups  of  upper  valves  of  ovipositor 
much  deeper;  lower  valves  much  heavier."  He  also  compared  this 
with  the  type  of  Walker's  Caloptenus  lilituratm  and  found  it  the  same, 
"agreeing  as  to  front,  eyes,  thoracic  carinae,  prosternal  spine,  and 
inesosternal  lobes." 

This  species  varies  somewhat,  and  runs  very  close  indeed  to  M.atlani*; 
more  so  in  the  northern  examples  from  British  Columbia  and  Wash- 
ington than  in  those  from  Nevada;  and  were  it  not  for  the  considera- 
ble uniformity  of  Nevada  specimens,  in  which  the  male  cerci  are  always 
relatively  long  and  slender,  and  their  marked  distinction  from  Utah 
specimens  of  M.  atlanis,  I  should  have  hesitated  to  regard  the  species  as 
distinct  from  M.  atlanis,  especially  in  view  of  the  great  variation  in  the 
latter  species.  As  it  is,  I  have  been  in  much  doubt  where  to  place 
females  from  British  Columbia  and  Washington,  where  the  two  species 
occur  together. 


1  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  XX  ( 1S94),  p.  M 


wo.  1124.  UEVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL1—SCUDDER.  177 

25.  MELANOPLUS  DEFECTUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XII,  tig.  6.) 

Of  medium  or  a  little  less  than  medium  size,  ferrugineo-flavous. 
Head  not  prominent,  flavous  or  ferruginous  or  a  mixture  of  both, 
marked  above  with  a  double  median  black  line  and  with  a  piceous 
postocular  band  of  varying  width ;  vertex  gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  alike  in  both 
sexes,  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  an tennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply 
declivent,  deeply  sulcate;  frontal  costa  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus, 
snbequal,  as  broad  as  or  slightly  broader  than  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  through- 
out; eyes  moderately  large,  not  very  prominent,  much  longer  than  the 
intraocular  portion  of  the  genae ;  antenuaeflavo-luteous,  about  two-thirds 
(male)  or  about  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pro- 
uotum  subequal  on  the  prozona,  expanding  posteriorly  on  the  metazona, 
darker  above  than  on  the  sides,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad,  broken, 
and  irregular,  piceous,  postocular  baud  confined  to  the  prozona,  the 
disk  nearly  plane  but  feebly  convex,  passing  into  the  vertical  lobes  by  a 
distinctly  augulated  but  rounded  shoulder  nearly  forming  lateral  carinae 
on  the  metazona;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  nietazona,  subobsolete 
and  equal  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusan- 
gulatts  the  angle  well  rounded ;  prozona  feebly  transverse  in  both  sexes, 
scarcely  or  not  longer  than  the  densely  punctate  metazona.  Proster- 
nal  spine  rather  short,  feebly  conical,  very  blunt,  slightly  appressed, 
suberect,  shorter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  subquadrate 
(female).  Teginina  slightly  abbreviated,  scarcely  (female)  or  a  little 
(male)  surpassing  the  middle  of  the  hind  femora,  of  moderate  breadth, 
tapering  regularly  but  not  greatly  to  a  rather  broadty  rounded  apex, 
brownish  hyaline,  flecked  with  black  at  base  and  along  middle  of  dis- 
coidal  area;  wings  similarly  developed.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of 
male  scarcely  enlarged;  hind  femora  varying  from  flavous  to  ferrugi- 
nous, the  outer  face  and  especially  its  upper  portion  more  or  less  and 
rather  uniformly  infuscated  between  the  iucisures,  the  inner  face  tri- 
maculate  above,  the  lower  face  feebly  roseate,  the  genicular  arc  and  a 
transverse  bar  at  base  of  lower  genicular  lobe  black  or  fuscous;  hind 
tibiae  pale  red,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  base,  ten  to  twelve  in  num- 
ber in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a  little 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  acutangulate  apex  and 
the  lateral  margins  elevated  especially  on  the  basal  half,  the  median 
sulcus  tolerably  deep  between  high  and  narrow  but  rounded  walls; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  moderately  distant,  scarcely  diverging, 
tapering,  slender  spines,  a  little  larger  than  the  last  dorsal  segment; 
cerci  slightly  less  than  twice  as  long  as  median  breadth,  the  basal  half 
feebly  tapering,  the  apical  hall  narrowed  by  the  slight  oblique  excision, 
Proc.  X.  M.  vol.  xx lii 


178  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM, 


of  the  inferior  margin,  strongly  compressed  or  subsulcate,  the  apex 
broadly  rounded;  subgenital  plate  with  its  notched  and  doubly  bossed 
apical  margin  strongly  and  abruptly  elevated  above  the  lateral  margin. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  22  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  6  mm., 
female,  6.75  mm.  j  tegmiua,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  9.5  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  11.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Grand  Junction,  Mesa  County,  Colorado.  June 
(L.  Bruner). 

26.  MELANOPLUS  ^ATLANIS. 
(Plate  XII,  fig.  7.) 

Caloptenus  spretus  PACKARD,  Amer.  Nat.,  VIII  (1874),  p.  502;  ibid.,  IX  (1875), 
p.  573.— RILEY,  Can.  Eut.,  VII  (1875),  p.  180. 

Caloptenus  atlanis  RILEY!,  Ann.  Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VII  (1875),  p.  169;  ibid.,  VIII 
(1876),  pp.  113-118, 153.— WHITMAN,  Grasshopper  (1876),  p.  19.— RILEY  !,  Ann. 
Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  IX  '1877),  p.  86;  Loc.  Plague  C1877),  pp.  22-24,  27,  198-199.— 
.  THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111..  VII  (1878),  p.  38;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr., 
IV  (1878),  p.  500;  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1878,  1845  (1878);  Rep.U.  S.  Eut. 
Coram.,  I  (1878),  pp.  49-50,  52.— PACKARD,  ibid.,  I  (1878).  pp.  135,  [140-144].— 
THOMAS,  PACKARD,  ibid.,  I  (1878),  p.  140.— RILEY,  ibid.,  I  (1878).  pp.  220, 
225,  226,  232,  237,  284,  299,  446,  458,  pi.  in.— THOMAS,  ibid.,  II  (1881),  p.  106.— 
LINTNER,  Ins.  Clover  (1881),  p.  5.— RILEY,  Bull.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coimn.,  VI 
(1881),  pp.  89-90;  Amer.  Nat.,  XVII  (1883),  p.  1073;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1883 
(1883),  pp.  99,  170-180,  pi.  n.— PACKARD,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comin.,  Ill  (1883), 
pp.  273-277,  pis.  xx-xxi.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  pp.  9, 10, 14,  54.— RILE  ^ , 
Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  p.  194.— COOK,  Deal's  Grasses  X.  A.,  I  (1887),  p. 
373.— CAULFIELD,  Can.  Rec.  So.,  II  (18S7),  pp.  399,  401;  Can.  Orth.  (1887), 
pp.  11,  14.— WEED,  Bull.  Ohio  Exp.  St.,  Techu.  Ser.,  I  (1889),  p.  39.— 
SCHWARZ,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  I  (1890),  p.  213.— HOWARD,  Ins.  Life,  IV 
(1891),  p.  124.— RILEY,  Bull.  Div.  Eut.  V.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXV  (1891),  pp. 
26-27,  figs.  4a-c.— MILLIKEN,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  pp.  19,  21. 

Caloptenus  atlantis  THOMAS,  Bull.  111.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876),  p.  68.— RILEY, 
Amer.  Nat.,  XI  (1877),  p.  665;  ibid.,  XII  (1878),  p.  285.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent. 
111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  92,  96,  124. 

Caloptenns femur-rubrum  PROVANCHER  !,Nat.  Can..  VIII  (1876),  pp.  109-110,  fig.  12; 
Faune  Eut.  Can.,  II  (1877),  p.  36,  fig.  9. 

Mtlanoplus  devastator  SCUDDEU!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878), 
pp.  285-286,  287-288;  (pars),  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  46-47,  48-49;  (pans), 
Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Conmi..  II,  app.  (1880),  p.  24. 

Melanoplus  atlantis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist..  XIX  (1878).  p.  286,  287; 
Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  45,  46.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Eut.  Soc.  Out.,  XVIII 
(1888),  p.  71.— COMSTOCK.  Intr.  Ent.  (1888),  pp.  108,  110. 

Melanoplm  atlanis  SCUDDER!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comru.,  II,  app.  (1881;,  p.  24.  pi. 
xvii,  fig.6.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60:  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885).  p.  17; 
Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  pp.  137-138.— RILEY,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut..  1-vC,  {  INN,  ,, 
p.  233,  pi.  vm,  figs.  7a-c.— BKUNER,  ibid.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  303.  304,  306.  307; 
Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XIII  (1887),  p.  11.— FERNALD,  Orth.X.E. 
(1888),  pp.  31,  33;  Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888  ,  pp.  115,117.— 
FLETCHER,  Ann.  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XIX  (1389),  p.  10;  Rep.  Exp.  Farms 
Can.,  1888  (1889),  p.  63.— DAMS,  Ent  Amer.,  V  (1889).  p'.  *!.— MARLATT,  lus. 
Life,  II  (1889),  pp.  66-70.— SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  X.  J.  (1890),  p.  413.— BLATCHLKY, 
Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  98.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  192:  Ins. 
Life.  Ill  (1891).  p.  229 ;  ibid.,  IV  (1891 ).  pp.  21, 146 :  Rep.  Eut.  Soc.  Out..  XXII 
(1891),  p.  48;  Bull.  Div.  Eut.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric..  XXIII  (1891),  p.  14:  Rep.  St. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  179 

Bd.  Agric.  Nebr.,  1891  (1891),  pp.  243,  306.—  McNwLL,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  pp. 

73-74.— WEKI>,  Can.  Knt.,  XXIV  (1892),  p.  278.— BRUNEI*,  Bull.  Div.  Eut.  U.  S. 

Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII  (1892),  pp.  12-29;  ibid.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  29-30,  figs. 

14a-c;  ibid.,  XXX  (1893),  p.  35;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.28;  Rep. 

Nebr.St  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893),  p.  459;  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  34.— SCUDDEK, 

Psyche,  VI  (1893),  p.  462.— OSUORX,  Ins.  Life,  V  (1893),  pp.  323-325;  ibid.,  VI 

(1893),  pp.  80-81.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  106.— BEUTENMULLER.  Bull. 

Ainer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1891),  p.  306.— BRUNER,  Rep.  St.  Hort.  Soc.  Xebr., 

1894  (1894),  p.  163;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S,  Dep.  Agric.,  XXXII  (1894),  p.  12; 

Xebr.  St.  Hort.  Rep.,  1895  (1895),  p.  69.—  LIXTXKR,  Rep.  St.  Mus.  N.  Y.,  XL VIII 

(1895),  440-443. 

Caloptcnus  bilituratus  BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 
Pezoteitix  atlanis  HUNT,  Misc.  Ess.  Econ.  Ent.  111.  (1886),  pp.  120, 126.— GARMAN, 

Orth.Ky.  (1894),  pp.  3,  8. 

Melanoplns  atlanis  caerulcipes  COCKERELL,  Entom.,  XXII  (1889),  p.  127. 
[Many  of  these  references  may  belong  to  species  not  heretofore  distinguished 

from  M.  atlanis.'} 
f 

Varying  from  medium  to  a  little  above  medium  size,  dark  griseo-fus- 
cous,  often  tinged  more  or  less  heavily  with  ferruginous.  Head  a  little 
prominent,  olivaceo-testaceous  freckled  with  fuscous,  above  more  or  less 
jnfuscated,  sometimes  diffusing  the  whole,  sometimes  confined  to  two 
divergent  longitudinal  stripes,  with  a  broad,  piceous,  postocular  band; 
vertex  rather  tumid,  somewhat  elevated  above  the  prouotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  the  first  antenna!  joint 
in  both  sexes;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  shallowly  sulcate,  more  shal- 
lowly  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent, 
failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  feebly  narrowed  above  especially  in  the 
male,  fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  slightly  sulcate 
at  and  below  the  ocellus,  irregularly  punctate  throughout,  above  more 
densely  and  with  a  tendency  to  a  biseriate  arrangement;  eyes  moderate, 
rather  prominent  particularly  in  the  male,  much  longer  than  the  infra- 
ocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  rufo-  or  luteo-testaceous,  about 
five-sixths  (male)  or  three  fifths  (femal'e)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  rather  short,  feebly  and  angularly  constricted  in  the  middle, 
the  broad  angulation  at  the  principal  sulcus  and  produced  mostly  by 
the  posterior  expansion  of  the  metazoua,  more  or  less  iufuscated  and 
often  also  ferruginous  above,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  generally  distinct 
and  entire  but  sometimes  broken  or  maculate,  broad,  piceous,  postocular 
band,  confined  to  the  prozona  ;  disk  broadly  convex  and  passing  into 
the  vertical  lateral  lobes  somewhat  abruptly  but  with  a  well-rounded 
shoulder,  simulating  but  nowhere  really  forming  distinct  lateral  cariuae ; 
median  carina  distinct  and  well  marked  on  the  metazoua,  obscure  and 
generally  subobsoleteon  the  prozouaif  not  indeed  obsolete,  particularly 
between  the  sulci  and  in  the  female;  front  margin  truncate  but  very 
narrowly  and  minutely  flaring,  hind  margin  obtusangulate.  the  angle 
very  slightly  rounded ;  prozona  subquadrate — a  little  variable  on  either 
side  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female),  rarely  and  then  feebly 
longer  than  the  densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  variable, 
usually  short,  conical,  a  little  blunt,  slightly  appressed,  erect  (male)  or 


180  PR 0 CEEDING S  OF  THE  NA  TIO  NA L  M  USE  UH.  VOL  xx. 

short  appressed  subconical,  very  blunt,  erect  (female),  but  sometimes  it 
is  very  blunt  and  decidedly  appressed  in  tbe  male,  also  it  is  occasionally 
distinctly  transverse,  but  it  usually  snows  a  distinct  taper,  generally 
from  base  to  tip;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  varying  from 
quadrate  to  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  from  quadrate  to 
slightly  longer  than  broad  (female).  Tegmina  usually  surpassing  con- 
siderably the  hind  femora,  occasionally  and  especially  in  the  female  only 
a  little,  slender,  feebly  tapering,  brownish  fuscous,  nearly  always  flecked 
lightly  with  fuscous  throughout  the  discoidal  area;  wings  rather  broad, 
hyaline,  the  veins  mostly  testaceous,  growing  increasingly  fuscous 
toward  the  margins,  the  apex  sometimes  most  faintly,  scarcely  percepti- 
bly, iufumate.  Thoracic  episterua  mostly  flavo-testaceous  in  contrast  to 
the  fuscous  surroundings.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  somewhat 
tumid;  hind  femora  luteo-  or  flavo-testaceous,  obscurely  broadly  and 
obliquely  bifasciate  with  fuscous  besides  the  fuscous  base,  the  inner  sur- 
face mostly  flavous,  more  or  less  clouded  with  fuscous,  the  lower  surface 
externally  flushed  with  roseate,  the  geriiculation  mostly  fuscous;  hind 
tibiae  normally  rather  bright  red,  often  feebly  pallescent  at  base,  with  a 
faint  fuscous  patellar  spot,  but  not  infrequently  pale  red  or  pale  green 
or  pale  yellow,  or  even  dark  blue,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  base, 
nine  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men a-little  clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular 
or  hastate,  feebly  compressed  just  beyond  the  middle,  the  lateral  mar- 
gins before  that  a  little  elevated,  the  tip  acutaugulate,  the  median 
sulcus  moderately  deep,  evanescent  apically,  its  bounding  ridges  rather 
high  and  followed  apically  by  a  pair  of  more  distant  longitudinal  ridges 
of  less  importance;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  more  or  less  diver- 
gent, slight,  slender,  acuminate  spines,  less  than  a  third,  sometimes 
only  a  fourth,  the  length  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  generally  about 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  sometimes  less  than  that,  rarely  exceeding  it, 
composed  of  a  basal,  nearly  equal,  feebly  tumid  piece,  and  a  strongly 
compressed,  slightly  upturned  and  somewhat  inbent  apical  portion, 
narrowed  by  the  oblique  excision  of  the  inferior  margin,  the  apex  well 
rounded;  subgenital  plate  subpyrainidal,  with  the  apical  margin  a  little 
but  rather  abruptly  elevated,  thickened  and  mesially  notched  with 
greater  or  less,  generally  considerable,  distinctness,  the  notch  followed 
by  a  posterior  sulcation  to  some  distance. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  20  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  12.75  mm. 

Three  hundred  and  eighty-seven  males,  408  females.  Halifax,  Nova 
Scotia,  H.  Piers;  Ottawa,  Canada  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection):  Maine, 
Packard;  Moosehead  Lake,  Maine;  Bar  Harbor,  Mount  Desert  Island, 
Maine  (S.  Henshaw);  White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire,  from  valleys 
through  forests  to  highest  summits  of  Mount  Washington,  Mount 
Madison,  Mount  Lafayette — Scudder,  Henshaw,  Packard,  Slmrtleft', 
Morse,  Mrs.  Slosson  (S.  H.  Scudder;  Museum  Comparative  Zoology, 


NO.  1124.  BEriSION  OF  THE  MEL  ANOPLI— SCUDDER.  181 


S.  Heushaw;  A.P.Morse);  Bethlehem,  Graftou  County,  New  Hamp- 
shire (Henshaw);  Shelburne,  Coos  County,  New  Hampshire;  Mount 
Kearsarge,  New  Hampshire,  2,000  feet  to  3251  feet  (A.  P.  Morse); 
Boscawen,  Merrimack  County,  New  Hampshire  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  col- 
lection); Sudbury,  Rutland  County,  Vermont;  various  localities  in 
the  vicinity  of  or  belonging  to  Boston,  Massachusetts — Hyde  Park, 
Beverly,  Clifton,  Milton, Blue  Hills,  Brookline,  Canton,  Eevere,  Chelsea, 
Maiden,  Jamaica  Plain,  Cambridge  (S.  Heushaw;  Museum  Compara- 
tive Zoology;  A.  P.  Morse;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Plum  Island,  Putnam,  and 
Salem,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
Warwick,  Franklin  County,  Massachusetts,  Miss  A.  M.  Ed  mauds 
(same);  Springfield,  Hampden  County,  Massachusetts,  Allen  (same); 
Williamstown,  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts;  Adams,  Berkshire 
County,  Massachusetts  (A.  P.  Morse);  Greylock,  Massachusetts,  3,500 
feet  (same);  Cape  Cod,  Massachusetts;  Provincetowu,  Barnstable 
County,  Massachusetts;  Nantucket,  Massachusetts  (S.  Henshaw;  S. 
H.  Scudder);  West  Chop,  Marthas  Vineyard,  Massachusetts,  Morse 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Canaan  and  South  Kent,  Litchfield 
County,  Connecticut  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  Sullivan  County,  New  York,  Shaler 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  New  Jersey;  Pennsylvania;  Middle 
States, Baron  Osteu  Sackeu ;  Washington,  D.C.  (L.  Bruner ;  U.S.N.M.— 
Eiley  collection);  Danville,  Pittsylvania  County,  Virginia,  Packard 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  North  Carolina  (S.  Henshaw);  Beau- 
fort, Carteret  County,  North  Carolina,  Shute  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology);  South  Carolina  (same);  Georgia,  Jones  (same);  Eossville, 
Walker  County,  Georgia,  King  (same);  Vigo  County,  Indiana  (Blatch- 
ley);  Detroit,  Michigan,  H.  Gillman;  Illinois,  Thomas  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection);  Chicago,  Illinois;  Moline,  Eock  Island  County, 
Illinois,  McNeill;  southern  Illinois  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology; 
S.  H.  Scudder);  Sudbury,  Ontario;  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  E.  Kenni- 
cott;  Minneapolis,  Minnesota  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Custer, 
South  Dakota.  Bruner  (same);  Crawford  and  Greene  counties  Iowa, 
Allen ;  Nebraska,  Dodge;  Fort  Eobinson  and  Chadron,  Dawes  County, 
Nebrnska,  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection);  Gordon,  Sheridan 
County,  Nebraska,  Bruner  (same);  Nebraska  City,  Otoe  County, 
Nebraska,  Hayden;  St.  Louis,  Missouri  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection; 
S.  H.  Scudder);  Bushberg,  Jefferson  County,  Missouri  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection);  New  Madrid,  Missouri,  E.  Kennicott;  Williamsville, 
Wayne  County,  Missouri,  S.  W.  Denton  (A.  P.  Morse);  Monticello, 
Lawrence  County,  Mississippi,  Miss  Helen  Jeunison;  Canebreak, 
Louisiana,  on  cotton,  Comstock  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection-);  Texas, 
Belfrage,  Liucecum;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll;  Columbus,  Colorado  County, 
Texas,  on  cotton  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Orizaba  and  Aguas 
Calientes,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner);  San  Lorenzo,  Chihuahua,  Mexico, 
Palmer;  Mount  Alvarez,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  Palmer;  Bledos, 
San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  Palmer:  Fort  Grant,  Graham  County,  Arizona 
(U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  40  miles  east  of  Tucson,  Pima  County, 


182  Pli  0  CEEDING  S  OF  THE  NA  TIOXA  L  If  USE  UM.  VOL.  xx. 

Arizona,  Palmer;  Fort  Whipple,  Yavapai  County,  Arizona,  Palmer 5 
Arizona,  Burrisou  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Flagstaff,  Coco- 
niuo  County,  Arizona,  Cordley  (L.  Bruner) ;  Las  Cruces,  Donna  Ana 
County,  New  Mexico,  Cockerell;  Colorado  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collec- 
tion; C.  P.  Gillette;  S.  Henshaw);  Fruita,  Mesa  County,  Colorado 
(U.S.N.M.— Kiley  collection);  Beaver  Brook,  Colorado,  6,000  feet;  Salt 
Lake,  Utah,  Packard;  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah,  4,300  feet;  American 
Fork  Canyon,  Utah,  9,500  feet;  Provo,  Utah  County,  Utah;  Spring- 
Lake  Villa,  Utah  County,  Utah,  Palmer;  Douglas,  Converse  County, 
Wyoming  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Evanston,  L^inta  County, 
Wyoming,  6,800  feet;  Fort  McKiuney,  Johnson  County,  Wyoming 
(U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Yellowstone  National  Park;  Beaver 
Canyon  Eoad,  Idaho;  Yellowstone,  Montana  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  collec- 
tion); Putnam,  Custer  County,  Montana,  A.  Sloggy  (same);  Eldorado 
County,  California,  4,000  feet,  Gissler;  Uniatilla,  Oregon,  Henshaw 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  The  Dalles,  Wasco  County,  Oregon, 
Heushaw  (same);  Washington,  Morrison  (S.  Heushaw);  Camp  Uma- 
tilla,  Washington,  Heushaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Preston's, 
Klikitat — Lone  Tree,  Yakima  River — opposite  Elleusburg,  Yakima 
River — Olmstead's,  near  Ellensburg — Nelson's,  Yakima  River — Yakima 
City — and  Brown's,  Colville  Valley,  Washington,  Heushaw  (same); 
British  Columbia,  Crotch  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  explorations 
in  Arctic  America  and  Yukon  River,  Alaska,  R.  Kennicott;  Laggan, 
Alberta,  Bean  ( S.  Henshaw ;  S.  H.  Scudder) ;  Banff  and  Calgary,  Alberta, 
Beau  (S.  Henshaw) ;  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection ; 
L.  Bruuer). 

The  published  accounts  add  very  little  to  the  above  range  of  distri- 
bution, except  that  it  is  reported  from  Quebec  (Provancher),  northern 
California  (Packard),  Nevada  (Scudder),  and  south  as  far  as  middle 
Florida — probably  by  error  (Packard). 

It  is  probable,  therefore,  that  it  is  found  in  every  part  of  the  continu- 
ous district  of  the  United  States,  excepting  in  the  southernmost  Atlantic 
States  and  most  of  California,  being  thus  limited  very  much  as  M.femnr- 
rubrum  ;  it  extends  also  into  central  Mexico,  and  north  of  our  boundary 
is  found  from  Atlantic  to  Pacific  as  far  at  least  as  latitude  50°  (except- 
ing Newfoundland),  and  on  the  Pacific  side  reaches  north  to  the  Yukon 
River  and  probably  the  Lower  McKeuzie. 

Next  to  M.  spretus  this  is  our  most  destructive  locust,  and  east  of 
the  Mississippi  probably  the  only  one  ever  doing  much  damage.  Its 
injuries,  however,  are  not  for  a  moment  to  be  compared  with  those 
inflicted  by  J/.  spretus,  for,  though  possessing  good  powers  of  flight 
and  on  rare  occasions  known  to  migrate  in  swarms,  its  injuries  can  only 
be  classed  as  local,  and  they  are  never  so  serious  as  those  inflicted  by 
M.  spretus ;  nevertheless  they  are  by  no  means  slight,  and  immense 
destruction  of  grain  is  to  be  laid  at  its  door.  Bruner,  who  has  studied 
this  insect  over  a  wide  extent  of  country,  says  that  "  while  it  occurs 
over  ...  an  extended  territory,  it  appears  to  be  ...  partial  to  liilh 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCrDDER.  183 


or  mountainous  regions  .  .  .5  it  seems  also  to  prefer  a  wooded  or  mixed 
country  to  the  open  prairies  or  plains." 

This  is  one  of  the  most  variable  of  the  Melanopli,  and  it  is  some- 
times difficult  to  distinguish  from  its  immediate  allies.  The  above 
description  is  drawn  up  primarily  from  Eastern  examples  which  came 
from  the  region  from  which  the  species  was  originally  described. 
Specimens  from  the  dry  plains  of  the  West  (especially  noted  in  those 
from  Utah)  are  decidedly  paler  and  more  cinereous  in  aspect  than  those 
from  relatively  fertile  country,  and  they  have  often  a  flavous  stripe 
bordering  the  eye  and  continued  along  the  position  of  the  lateral 
carinae:  a  similar  but  not  so  striking  a  cinereous  hue  attaches  to  those 
tliat  occur  in  sandy  localities  in  the  Eastern  States,  as  along  the  sea 
margin.  The  exact  contrary  is  shown  in  Canada  just  east  of  the  Eocky 
Mountains,  where  the  specimens  are  exceedingly  dark  in  color,  almost 
blackish  fuscous,  with  heavy  fasciation  of  the  hind  femora; l  but  here 
again  a  difference  of  another  sort  occurs  as  one  passes  eastward,  speci- 
mens from  Laggan  and  Banff  almost  invariably  having  relatively  long 
and  slender  male  cerci,  while  at  Calgary  all  that  have  been  seen  (with 
a  very  few  from  the  former  localities)  have  male  cerci  hardly  more 
than  half  as  long  again  as  broad.  Specimens  from  Mexico,  however, 
agree  very  closely  with  those  from  New  England. 

Specimens  with  green  hind  tibiae  have  been  seen  by  me  from  the 
White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire,  but  not  from  the  summits  (except 
Kearsarge  3,251  feet),  from  the  vicinity  of  Boston,  at  Provincetown, 
and  on  the  island  of  Nantucket,  Massachusetts,  from  Laggan,  Alberta, 
the  Yellowstone  region,  Montana,  Wyoming,  Nebraska,  Missouri,  Colo- 
rado, from  the  Salt  Lake  valley  and  American  Fork  Canyon  (9,500  feet), 
Utah,  Texas,  and  Chihuahua,  Mexico.  Specimens  with  dark  blue 
hind  tibiae  have  been  seen  from  Iowa,  Colorado,  American  Fork  Canyon, 
Utah,  and  Texas.  In  nearly  or  quite  all  these  cases  specimens  with 
red  hind  tibiae  predominated  in  the  same  district. 

According  to  Kiley  the  first  mature  insects  observed  one  year  about 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  appeared  July  12,  and  deposited  eggs  by  July  20. 
The  eggs  had  a  quadrilinear  arrangement  in  the  pod,  hatched  in  from 
three  to  four  weeks,  and  the  young  took  eighty  days  to  reach  maturity. 
He  says  he  has  proved  that  the  insect  is  there  double-brooded,  though 
I  find  no  data  published  by  him  in  support  of  the  statement,  and  the 
above  facts  drawn  from  his  writings  militate  against  it.  Bruuer,  how- 
ever, agrees  with  it,  saying  that  in  the  District  of  Columbia  a  second 
brood  appears  in  the  late  autumn,  composed  of  smaller  and  darker 
individuals.  I  have  seen  nothing  of  the  kind  in  New  England. 

The  points  in  which  the  unfledged  locusts  differ  from  the  same  stages 
in  M.  spretus  and  M.  femur-rubrum  are  explained  and  figured  in  the 
first  report  of  the  United  States  Entomological  Commission,  in  which 
many  other  interesting  points  regarding  this  species  will  be  found. 

1  Specimens  from  Sudbury,  Ontario,  are  similarly  (.lark. 


184  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL  xx. 

27.  MELANOPLUS   SPRETUS. 
(Plate  XII,  fig.  8.) 

Calopienus  spretns  UHLER!,  MS.  (1863).— [WALSH],  Pract.  Eut.,  II  (1866),  p.  1.— 
GLOVER,  Rep.  IT.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1867  (1867),  p.  65,  lig.  — SCUDDER,  Proc. 
Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XI  (1868),  p.  436;  ibid.,  XII  (1868),  p.  88.— [WALSH, 
RILEY],  Amer.  Ent.,  I  (1868),  pp.  16,  73,  fig.  65;  ibid.,  I  (1869),  p.  249.— 
WALSH,  Rep.  Ins.  111.,  I  (1868),  p.  82.— PACKARD.  Guide  Ins.  (1869),  p.  570, 
fig.  564a.— THOMAS,  Anier.  Ent.,  II  (1870),  p.  81;  Proc.  Acad.  Xat.  Sc.  Phila., 
1870  (1870),  p.  78.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  678.— 
GLOVER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1870  (1870),  p.  76,  fig.  31 ;  ibid.,  1871  (1871),  p. 
78,  fig.  11.— SCUDDER,  Fin.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Nebr.  (1871),  pp.  250,  252.— 
THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1871),  pp.  265,  281:  ibid., 
V  (1872),  p.  451.— DODGE,  Can.  Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  15.— SMITH,  Rep.  Conn.  Bd. 
Agric.,  1872  (1872),  p.  366,  fig.  9.— LEBAROX,  Aim.  Rep.  Nox.  Ins.  111.,  II  (1872), 
p.  158.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ins.,Ortb.  (1872),  pi.  vm,fig.  1,  pi.  xm,  fig.  15; 
Rep.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1872  (1872),  p.  121;  ibid.,  1873  (1873),  pp.  125,  136, 
fig.  8.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  164.— GLOVER,  Rep. 
U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1874  (1874),  p.  28.— THOMAS,  Key  111.  Orth.  (1874?),  p.  3.— 
BETHUNE,  Can.  Ent.,  VI  (1874),  p.  185. — SCUDDER,  Daws.  Rep.  Geol.  Rec.  49th 
par.  (1875),  p.  343.— RILEY,  Ann.  Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VII  (1875),  p.  121,  figs.  23-25, 
27,28,31,  32,  maps.— DODGE,  Can.  Ent.,  VII  (1875),  p.  133.— BETHUNE,  Ann. 
Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  1874  (1875),  pp.  8,  30,  figs.  31,  34;  ibid.,  1875  (1876),  p.  45, 
fig.;  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  4.— PUTNAM,  Proc.  Dav.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc.,  I 
(1876),  pp.  187,  265.— THOMAS,  ibid.,  I  (1876),  pp.  260,  265.— CARPENTER,  Field 
and  For.,  I  (1876),  p.  81.— MERRICK,  ibid.,  II  (1876),  p.  64.— RILEY  et  al., 
Rocky  Mt.  Loc.  (1876),  pp.  37-58,  figs.  1-4.— WHITMAN,  Grasshopper  (1876), 
pp.  1-17,  4  figs.— DAWSON,  Can.  Nat.,  n.  s.,  VIII  (1876),  pp.  119-134.— BROAD- 
HEAD,  Trans.  St.  Louis  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1876),  pp.  345-349.— SCUDDER,  Bull.  U.  S- 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1876),.p.  261;  Psyche,  I  (1876),  p.  144.— THOMAS,  Bull. 
111.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876),  p.  68.— RILEY,  Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VIII  (1876),  pp. 
57-156,  figs.  39a-e;  ibid.,  IX  (1877),  pp. 57-124,  figs.  18-22,  map;  Amer.  Nat., 
XI  (1877),  p.  664.— SCUDDER,  Ann.  Rep.  Geogr.  Surv.  W.  100th  mer.,  1876 
(1877),  p.  281  [Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876,  p.  501].— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX 
(1877),  p.  144.— DODGE,  Field  and  For.,  II  (1877),  p.  206.— UHLER,  Bull.  U.  S. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  Ill  (1877),  pp.  359,  798.— BESSRY,  Bienn.  Rep.  Iowa  Agric. 
Coll., VII  (1877),  p.  209.—  THOMAS,  Rep.  Geogr.  Surv.  W.  100th  mer.,  V  (1877), 
p.  892.— PHILLIPS,  Statist.  Minn.,  1876  (1877),  p.  88-112.— WHITMAN,  Rep. 
Rocky  Mt.  Loc.,  1876  (1877),  pp.  1-43,  map.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  VI  (1877), 
pp.  44-56.— RILEY,  THOMAS,  PACKARD,  Bull.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1877).  pp. 
1-15,  11  figs.,  map;  ibid.,  2d  ed.  (1877),  pp.  1-14,  11  figs.,  map.— RILEY, 
Loc.  Plague  (1877),  pp.  1-231,  maps  1-3,  figs.  2,  3,  6-14.— DAWSON,  Can.  Xat., 
n.  s.,  VIII  (1877),  pp.  207-226;  ibid.,  VIII  (1878),  pp.  411-417.— THOMAS,  Rep. 
U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  pp.  31-52,  114-130,  334-350.— PACKARD,  ibid.,  I 
(1878),  pp.  136-211.— RILEY,  ibid.,  I  (1878),  pp.  212-257,  279-334,  350-437, 
443-459.— RILEY'THOMAS,  PACKARD,  ibid.,  I  (1878),  pp.  10-16, 1-29, 1-294,  pi.  I, 
maps  1-3.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  VII  (1878),  pp.  35,  36-38,  figs.  4, 6, 8;  Bull. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  IV  (1878),  pp.  483,  485.— RILEY,  Amer.  Nat,,  XII  (1878), 
p.  283.— PACKARD,  ibid.,  XII  (1878),  p.  516;  ibid.,  XIII  (1879),  p.  586.— GIRARD, 
Trait^  ele~in.  d'ent.,  II  (1879),  p.  248.— THOMAS,  Anier.  Eiit..  Ill  (1880),  p. 
225.— CARPENTER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1880).  p.  296.— BOWLES,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880), 
pp.  131-133,  tig.  19.— ABBE,  Amer.  Nat.,  XIV  (1880),  pp.'  735-738.— THOMAS, 
Psyche,  III  (1880),  p.  114;  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  92,  96,  121-123.  figs. 
19-21.— PACKARD,  RILEY,  Rep.U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  pp.  1-14.— THOMAS, 
ibid.,  II  (1881),  pp.  14-155.— PACKARD,  ibid.,  II  (1881),  pp.  156-163,  178-183, 


»o.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  185 

223-242,  fig.  9,  pi.  I,  figs.  9-15.— MINOT,  ibid.,  II  (1881),  pp.  183-222,  ph. 
n-vii.— RILEY,  ibid.,  II  (1881),  p£.  259-322,  pi.  xvi;  Can.  Ent.,  XIII  (1881),  p. 
180.— PACKARD,  Amer.  Nat.,  XV  (1881),  pp.  285-302,  372-379,  pis.  n-iv,  v,  figs. 
1-3.— HART,  ibid.,  XV  (1881),  p.  749.— RILEY,  ibid.,  XV  (1881),  pp.  1007, 1013.— 
BOWLES,  Anii.  Rep.  Eut.  Soc.  Ont.,  1880  (1881),  pp.  28-29.— PACKARD,  Nat. 
Leis.  Hour,  V  (1881),  No.  4,  pp.  4-10,  figs.— LINTNER,  Ins.  Clover  (1881),  p.  5; 
Ann.  Rep.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  I  (1882),  p.  7,  fig.  3a.— MANX,  Psyche,  III  (1883),  pp. 
379-380.— RILEY,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  II  (1883),  p.  S.-BRUXER, 
ibid..  II  (1883),  pp.  7-22, 29.— PACKARD,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  pp. 
3-7,  263-273,  277-279,  346-347,  pis.  xvi-xix,  maps  1-2.— BRUNKR,  ibid.,  Ill 
(1883),  pp.  8-54. — MARTEN,  ibid.,  Ill,  App.  (1883),  pp.  50-54.— SAUNDERS,  Ins. 
In.j.  Fruits  (1883),  p.  157,  figs.  165,  166.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  IV  (1884),  pp.  51-62.— RILEY,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  pp.  195-201 
figs.  274-281 ;  Eep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1884  (1885),  p.  323.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  1884  (1885), 
pp.  398-399.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  pp.  65, 67,  figs.  19, 
21.— RILEY,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  228-229,  pi.  VHI,  figs.  6a-c.— 
HANSEN,  Nordam.  Vandregr.  [Tidskr.  pop.  fremst.  naturw.],  (1886),  pp. 
1-32.— COOK,  Beal'8  Grasses  N.  A.,  I  (1887),  pp.  373,  396,  409,  fig.  156.— CAUL- 
FIELD,  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  pp.  399,  401;  Can.  Orth.  (1887),  pp.  11,  14.— 
RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  I  (1888),  pp.  30-31.— PARSONS,  ibid.,  I  (1889),  p.  380.— WEED, 
Bull.  Ohio  Exp.  St.,  Techn.  Ser.,  I  (1889),  p.  40.— LUGGER,  Rep.  Agric.  Exp. 
St.  Minn.  (1889),  pp.  339-343,  figs.  5, 13, 15,  19-22;  Bull.  Agric.  Exp.  St.  Minn., 
VIII  (1889),  pp.  305-349,  figs.  1-4,  pi.  i,  map.— LINTNER.  Rep.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  VII 
(1891),  p.  338.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  III  (1891),  pp.  183,  438;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S. 
Dep.  Agric.,  XXV  (1891),  pp.  9-26,  figs.  1-3,  map,  pi.  i,  figs.  1-5.— OSBORN, 
Goss,  Bull.  Iowa  Exp.  St.,  XIV  (1891),  pp.  174-175.— PIERCE,  Ins.  Life,  IV 
(1891),  p.  80.— RILEY,  ibid.,  IV  (1892),  p.  323. 

Acridium  spretis  THOMAS,  Trans.  111.  St.  Agric.  Soc.,  V  (1865),  p.  450. 

PezoMtix  aprettis  STAL,  Bill.  k.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V  (1878),  No.  9,  p.  14.— 
HUNT,  Misc.  Ess.  Econ.  Ent.  111.  (1886),  pp.  120-122,  126. 

Melanoplus  sprctus  SCUDDER,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  287; 
Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p. 46;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II,  App.  (1881),  p.:24.— 
BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60.— RILEY,  Ent.  Amer.,  I  (1885),  p.  177.— 
FLETCHER,  Rep.  Ent.  Can.,  1885  (1885),  pp.  9-10,  fig.  1.— BRUNER,  Bull. 
Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  138;  ibid.,  I  (1886),  p.  200;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent,,  1885 
(1886), pp.  303-307.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71.— 
BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XIII  (1887),  pp.  9-17,  33.— COM- 
STOCK,  Intr.  Ent.  (1888),  pp.  108-110,  figs.  97a-f.— BHUNER,  Rep.  St.  Bd.  Agric. 
Nebr.,  1888  (1888),  p.  88,  figs.  1-3.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  II  (1889),  p.  87.— 
BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Eut.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric..  XXII  (1890),  p.  104;  ibid.,  XXIII 
(1891),  p.  14;  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  192;  Ins.  Life,  III  (1891),  p.  229; 
ibid.,  IV  (1891),  pp.  20-21;  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Out,,  XXII  (1891),  pp.  47-48; 
Rep.  St.  Bd.  Agric.  Nebr.,  1891  (1891),  pp.  243,  306-307,  figs.  81-83.— McNEiLL, 
Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  73.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII 
(1892),  pp.  11-24.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  n  (1892),  p.  118.— KEL- 
LOGG, Inj.  Ins.  Kaiis.  (1892),  pp.  22-25,  figs.  6a-d,  12a-f,  13a-f.— WEBSTER, 
Bull.  Ohio  Agric.  St.  (2),  £LV  (1892),  p.  205,  fig.  29.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent. 
U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  27-29;  ibid.,  XXX  (1893),  p.  35;  Publ. 
Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28;  Rep.  St.  Bd.  Agric.  Nebr.,  1893  (1893).  pp. 
i:>!»-460,  figs.  99-101.— OSBORN,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  pp.  80-81.— BRUNER,  Rep. 
St.  Hort.  Soc.  Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  pp.  163,  205,  fig.  69 ;  ibid.,  1895  (1895),  p.  69.— 
LINTNER,  Rep.  St.  Mus.  N.  Y.,  XLVIII  (1895),  p.  441,  fig.  18. 

Xelanoplus  spretus  caeruUlpes  COCKERELL,  Entorn.,  XXII  (1889),  p.  127. 

Of  large  size,  but  of  slender  form,  light  griseo-fuscous,  more  or  less 
cinereous,  and  often  tinged  to  a  greater  or  less  degree  with  ferruginous. 


186'  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  XATIOXAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Head  somewbat  prominent,  light  fusco-olivaceous,  with  a  broad, 
piceous,  postocular  band,  and  above  more  or  less  infuscated  or  dulled 
in  color,  often  with  a  pair  of  longitudinal  fuscous  stripes;  vertex  rather 
tumid,  raised  considerably  above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  fully  twice  as 
broad  (female)  as  the  first  anteunal  joint;  fasti giuni  steeply  declivent, 
rather  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly  (female)  sulcate  throughout;  frontal 
costa  moderately  prominent,  distinctly  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus, 
slightly  narrowed  above,  especially  in  the  male,  about  as  broad  as  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  and  broadly  sulcate  at  and  below 
the  ocellus,  feebly  punctate,  above  biseriately;  eyes  not  very  large 
nor  very  prominent,  not  more  so  in  the  male  than  in  the  female  (unus- 
ual in  Melanoplus),  slightly  shorter  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the 
genae ;  antennae  testaceous,  nearly  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  hind  femora 
in  both  sexes,  scarcely  relatively  shorter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male. 
Pronotum  very  short,  equal  on  the  prozona,  expanding  somewhat  on 
the  metazona,  light  brownish  fuscous,  often  ferruginous,  the  lateral 
lobes  with  a  much  broken  and  maculate  postocular  piceous  or  dark 
fuscous  band  confined  to  the  prozona,  the  disk  broadly  convex,  passing 
into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded  angle  forming  a  blunt 
shoulder  on  the  metazona  and  posterior  section  of  the  prozona  only; 
median  cariua  distinct  and  antero-posteriorly  convex  on  the  metazona, 
feeble  and  often  subobsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate, 
hind  margin  feebly  obtusangulate,  the  angle  sometimes  rounded;  pro- 
zona distinctly  transverse,  more  so  in  the  female  than  in  the  male, 
shorter  (particularly  in  the  female)  than  the  finely  and  very  feebly 
punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  appressed,  feebly 
conical,  very  blunt,  erect,  shorter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  inter- 
space between  mesosternal  lobes  from  half  as  long  again  to  twice  as 
long  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegmina  exceptionally  long, 
far  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  not  very  narrow,  subequal,  brownish 
testaceous,  heavily  flecked  with  blackish  fuscous,  usually  through  the 
discoidal  area  but  sometimes  confined  to  the  middle  line;  wings  ample, 
hyaline,  the  veins  mostly  fuscous,  but  testaceous  next  the  costal  margin. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  only  a  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
testaceo-ferruginous  clouded  with  fuscous  above,  particularly  in  broad 
basal,  premedian  and  postmedian  patches,  the  geniculation  mostly 
blackish  fuscous,  the  lower  genicular  lobe  pallid  testaceous  with  a  basal 
blackish  bar,  the  inferior  surface,  especially  externally,  flushed  with 
roseate;  hind  tibiae  bright  red  throughout,  the  spines  black  almost  to 
the  very  base,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely  twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the 
supraanal  plate  triangular  or  subhastate,  faintly  compressed  just 
beyond  the  middle,  the  margins  feebly  elevated  on  basal  half,  the  apex 
subacutangulate,  the  median  carinapercurrent  and  rather  deep,  bet  ween 
rather  high  and  sharp  ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight, 
tapering  and  acuminate,  flattened,  more  or  less  divergent  spines,  about 


NO.  1124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  XOPL I—SC  UDDER.  187 


a  fourth  as  long-  as  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  forming  nearly  flat  plates, 
about  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  lying  in  a  nearly  uniform  subver- 
tical  plane,  generally  slightly  curved  or  bent  upward,  the  apical  half 
slightly  more  compressed  than  the  basal  and  narrowed  by  a  consider- 
able oblique  excision  of  the  inferior  margin,  the  tip  broadly  rounded 
or  subtrnncate;  subgenital  plate  roundly  subpyramidal,  the  apical  mar- 
gin with  moderate  abruptness,  somewhat  elevated,  thickened,  and 
mesially  notched  distinctly. 

Length  of  body,  male,  25  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9  mm.,, 
female,  8.75  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  26.5  mm.,  female,  27.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male  and  female,  14  mm. 

Two  hundred  and  seventy-  six  males,  439  females.  I  refrain  from  givin  g 
in  detail  the  localities  from  which  I  have  seen  specimens,  both  on  account 
of  their  immber  and  because,  from  the  irregular  distribution  of  the 
insect  in  different  years,  such  details  would  have  little  value  without 
dates,  which  are  not  always  accessible;  farther  on,  however,  I  give  all 
that  are  of  special  interest. 

The  name  of  this  species  is  to  be  credited  to  Mr.  P.  R.  Uhler,  who 
placed  it  in  his  collection  thirty  or  more  years  ago  and  communicated 
it  to  various  persons,  who  used  it.  sometimes  in  an  incorrect  form.  The 
original  specimens  were  received  from  Mr.  Robert  Kennicott,  and  were 
obtained  by  him  from  a  migratory  horde  which  settled  in  the  then  Red 
River  settlements,  now  Winnipeg  and  vicinity,  Manitoba.  On  Mi\ 
Uhler's  generous  transfer  of  his  collection  to  me,  these  specimens,  with 
their  history,  came  into  my  possession,  and  I  now  have  them  with  his 
original  labels.  One  has  been  placed  in  the  National  Museum. 

It  was  thus  known  from  the  start  as  a  migratory  insect,  and  com- 
paring it  with  any  species  of  the  genus  one  would  at  once  be  struck 
with  the  greater  length  of  the  tegmiua  and  wings.  These  were  meas- 
ured by  Riley;  in  forty-eight  males  the  tegmiua  extended  beyond  the 
abdomen  5  to  10  mm.,  with  an  average  of  7.6  mm. ;  in  ninety-nine  females 
they  ranged  from  3  to  10  mm.  beyond  the  abdomen,  the  average  6.7  mm. 

It  is  now  well  known  as  the  "Rocky  Mountain  Locust"  or  destructive 
locust  of  the  States  in  the  western  half  of  the  Mississippi  Valley.  It 
has  been  more  written  about  than  any  other  American  Orthopteroii,  and 
was  specially  discussed  by  the  United  States  Entomological  Commission, 
organized  to  devise  methods  of  checking  its  ravages  after  a  study  of  its 
natural  history.  It  forms  the  almost  exclusive  subject  of  their  first 
report,  and  occupies  a  considerable  space  in  their  second.  Although  a 
considerable  body  of  the  evidence  adduced  by  them  is  contradictory 
and  in  part  of  doubtful  application  to  this  particular  species,  their  con- 
el  tisio;iis  are  in  very  large  measure  well  founded.  As  appears  from  a 
study  of  their  work  and  other  available  material,  the  following  conclu- 
sions may  be  fairly  drawn: 

(1)  Tho  home  of  the  species  is  in  favorable  localities  in  the  elevated 
region  of  the  Rocky  Mountains  or  immediately  bordering  it  from  the 


188  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

South  Saskatchewan  to  Wyoming,  inclusive,  and  in  the  Bocky  Moun- 
tain region  proper  in  Colorado  and  Utah. 

(2)  In  certain  years,  especially  in  dry  seasons,  between  raid- July  and' 
mid-September,  migratory  hordes  of  incredible  numbers  and  of  both 
sexes  pass  from  their  natural  breeding  grounds  to  the  east,  southeast, 
and  south,  conveyed  by  the  winds  (toward  which  they  head)  over  a 
greater  or  less  and  sometimes  a  vast  extent  of  country  from  Lake  Win- 
nipeg to  or  almost  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  rarely  passing  farther  east 
tban  longitude  93°,  and  devastating  the  countries  they  reach  to  an 
alarming  extent,  sometimes  in  places  absolutely  destroying  all  standing 
crops  and  defoliating  fruit  trees. 

(3)  As  they  rise  for  flight  from  home  only  in  dry  clear  weather  (when 
the  prevailing  winds  are  from  the  north  or  northwest),  they  do  not  seri- 
ously invade  the  regions  (mostly  infertile)  to  the  west  of  their  home. 

(4)  The  invaders  extend  or  may  extend  their  flights  to  a  distance  ofi 
at  least  500  miles  from  their  point  of  origin,  but  there  is  no  clear  evi- 
dence to  show  that  (as  claimed  by  the  Commission)  they  extend  it  to 
double  that  distance. 

(5)  They  deposit  their  eggs  throughout  the  invaded  territory,  but 
their  descendants  therein  of  the  succeeding  year  not  only  do  not  effect 
a  tithe  of  the  damage  of  the  preceding  year  (although  on  the  ground 
earlier),  but  when  winged  move  about  in  swarms  from  place  to  place, 
their  prevailing  direction — at  least  during  the  earlier  part  of  the  sea- 
son— being  the  reverse  of  that  of  their  parents;  but  even  when  they 
alight  and  cover  the  ground  they  are  far  less  harmful  than  were  their 
invading  parents. 

(6)  With  few  exceptions,  movements  on  the  wing  are  with  or  nearly 
with  the  wind,  and  are  usually  made  in  clear  weather  between  9  a.  m. 
and  4  p.  m.,  but  they  are  sometimes  certainly  made  at  night. 

(7)  Eelatively  speaking,  exceedingly  few  of  the  returning  swarms 
ever  reach  the  true  home  of  the  species.    As  a  rule,  they  show  signs  of 
enfeeblement  and  deposit  few  eggs  in  the  invaded  region,  so  that  their 
descendants  on  the  invaded  soil  grow  less  and  less  numerous,  and,  in 
effect  if  not  in  fact,  die  out  in  the  course  of  a  very  few,  probably  at 
most  two  or  three,  years. 

1  can  add  almost  nothing  to  the  facts  given  by  the  Entomological 
Commission.  It  may  be  worth  while  to  state  that  in  1877  I  took  or 
noted  this  insect  at  the  following  points:  July  11,  between  Idaho  and 
Georgetown,  Colorado,  common,  both  mature  and  immature;  July  12-13, 
Georgetown,  Colorado,  from  8,500  feet  to  above  timber,  mature  and 
immature;  July  16,  Argentine  Pass,  Colorado,  13,000  feet,  in  abundance, 
from  young  just  hatched  to  imagos,  and  masses  of  dead  imagos  under 
stones  on  the  mountain  crests;  July  20,  Laramie,  Wyoming;  July 
21-31,  Green  River,  Wyoming,  plenty  but  not  abundant  and  mostly 
mature;  Alkali  Station,  north  of  Green  River,  Wyoming,  6,000  feet; 
August  1-4,  Salt  Lake  Valley,  mostly  mature,  very  plenty  everywhere 


NO.  1124.  xKrisiox  or  THI:  MELAXOPLI—  SCUDDI  u.  189 

but  particularly  in  the  southern  end  of  the  valley;  August  2-3,  Amer- 
ican Fork  Canyon,  Utah,  9,500  feet;  August  6,  Evanston,  Wyoming, 
6,800  feet,  plenty;  August  11-16,  South  Park,  Colorado,  8,000  to  10,000 
feet,  everywhere,  mature;  August  13,  Mount  Lincoln,  Colorado,  11,000 
to  13,000  feet,  crowds  of  nymphs  and  images,  as  well  as  masses  of  dead 
imagos  under  stones  at  summit;  August  17-22,  Florissant,  Colorado, 
8,000  feet;  August  24,  Pikes  Peak,  Colorado,  12,000  to  13,000  feet; 
August  24-25,  Manitou,  Colorado,  6,300  feet;  August  26,  Colorado 
Springs,  Colorado,  plenty;  August  28-29,  Garland,  Colorado,  8,000 
feet,  plenty ;  August  29,  Sierra  Blauca,  Colorado,  below  10,000  feet,  none 
seen  above  timber;  August  30-31,  Pueblo,  Colorado,  4,700  feet,  plenty; 
August  31,  Animas,  Colorado;  September  1,  Lakin,  Kansas,  plenty. 

I  have  also  seen  specimens  from  the  following  localities,  which  have 
some  special  interest:  Fort  Hayes,  Kansas,  collected  by  J.  A.  Allen  in 
June,  1871  (not  heretofore  reported  in  Kansas  in  this  year);  Preston, 
Texas,  Captain  Pope,  May  15, 1854  (necessarily  the  progeny  of  an  invad- 
in-g  flight  in  a  previous  year,  and  none  are  recorded  either  in  Texas  or 
Arkansas  between  1850  and  1853,  inclusive);  Binggold  Barracks,  on 
the  Lower  Eio  Grande,  A.  Schott,  presumably  also  in  the  spring  of 
1854,  when  the  Mexican  Boundary  Commission  was  at  work  there; 
Sonora,  Mexico,  A.  Schott,  and  San  Lorenzo,  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  E. 
Palmer,  showing  that  it  reaches  Mexico,  and  that  too  even  as  far  west 
as  Sonora.  I  have  also  a  single  specimen  from  California  from  Mr.  H. 
Edwards,  but  it  may  have  been  taken  in  that  part  of  the  State  east  of 
the  Sierra  Nevada. 

A  tabular  view  of  "  locust  years  "  for  the  different  States  will  be 
found  in  the  first  report  of  the  Commission,  page  113. 

This  insect  is  normally  single  brooded;  the  eggs  winter  and  the 
earliest  (those  in  warm  exposures)  hatch  in  Texas  from  the  middle  to 
the  last  of  March,  and  "  continue  to  hatch  most  numerously  about  four 
days  later  with  each  degree  of  latitude  north,"  so  that  in  Montana  and 
Manitoba  it  is  from  the  middle  of  May  to  the  first  of  June.  This  is  in 
the  temporary  region ;  probably  it  is  correspondingly  later  on  the  higher 
levels  of  the  permanent  breeding  grounds.  The  young  reach  maturity 
in  sixty  to  seventy- two  days,  to  judge  from  those  reared  in  confine- 
ment, and  after  a  few  days  couple,  the  female  beginning  to  lay  eggs  in 
about  a  fortnight  thereafter.  The  eggs  arc  laid  in  almost  any  kind  of 
soil,  but  by  preference  in  bare,  sandy  places,  and  in  their  permanent 
home  they  show  a  preference  for  the  shaded  base  of  shrubby  plants; 
they  are  laid  in  a  sort  of  pod,  with  a  quadrilinear  arrangement  therein. 
Several  pods  may  be  laid  by  a  single  female,  Mr.  Eiley  having  on 
three  different  occasions  obtained  two  pods  from  single  females  in  con- 
finement, laid  at  intervals  of  eighteen,  twenty-one,  and  twenty-six  days, 
respectively. 

The  migratory  instinct  appears  to  be  strongest  within  about  three 
weeks  from  the  time  of  attaining  maturity,  or  shortly  before  and  during 


190  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

the  season  of  oviposition.  The  return  flights  in  the  "  temporary  region" 
begin  from  the  5th  to  the  10th  of  May  in  latitude  35°,  and  about  four 
•days  later  with  each  degree  farther  north.  Mr.  Riley,  from  whose 
accounts  these  statements  are  drawn,  gives  a  long  list  of  plants  and 
trees  attacked  by  this  locust  and  its  preferences  among  them.1 

7.  DEVASTATOR  SERIES. 

This  group  is  composed  of  very  closely  related  species,  often  difficult 
to  distinguish,  in  which  the  male  prozona  is  quadrate  or  subquadrate, 
and  the  immature  markings  on  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotuin,  char- 
acteristic of  the  young  of  Melanoplus,  occasionally  persist  in  the  adult 
-and  especially  in  the  female;  the  interspace  between  the  mesosternal 
lobes  of  the  male  is  always  longer  than  broad,  varying  from  a  little  more 
than  half  as  long  again  to  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad. 
The  tegmina  are  always  fully  developed  and  generally  maculate;  the 
hind  tibiae  are  variable  in  color,  often  within  the  species,  and  have 
from  nine  to  thirteen  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  similar  to  that  of  the  femur-rubrum  series, 
but  less  constricted  in  the  middle  and  shorter;  the  furcula  consists  of 
a  pair  of  parallel  or  subparalleJ,  tapering,  tolerably  long,  generally 
fattened,  acuminate  fingers;  the  cerci  are  very  simple,  rather  small, 
not  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  slender  and  subequal, 
tapering  feebly  in  the  basal  half,  equal  beyond,  bluntly  rounded  at  tip, 
and  a  little  incurved,  generally  slightly  sulcate  or  dimpled  apically  on 
the  outer  side;  the  subgenital  plate  is  broad,  of  subequal  breadth,  but 
slightly  broader  at  base  than  at  tip,  apically  elevated  and  the  apical 
margin  well  rounded,  thickened,  and  weakly  notched. 

The  insects  are  of  small  or  medium  size,  and  the  species,  eight  in 
number,  are  separable  with  difficulty.  They  are  confined  almost 
•exclusively  to  California,  a  single  one  of  them  only  occurring  also  a 
little  beyond  its  boundaries  in  the  neighboring  regions.  It  is  the  char- 
acteristic group  of  the  Pacific  coast. 

28.  MELANOPLUS  DIMINUTUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XII,  fig.  9.) 

Dark  brownish  fuscous  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  somewhat 
pi  eminent,  brownish  testaceous,  more  or  less,  generally  profusely,  dot- 
ted with  fuscous,  and  a  fuscous  baud  behind  the  eyes:  vertex  rather 
tumid,  somewhat  elevated  above  the  pronotuin;  interspace  between 
the  eyes  not  very  broad,  equal  to  (male)  or  slightly  broader  than  (female) 
the  first  autennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  decliveut.  deeply  sulcate 
throughout;  frontal  costa  fading  out  halfway  between  the  ocellus  and 
«lypeus,  distinctly  contracted  above,  equal  elsewhere  and  broader  than 
(male)  or  as  broad  as  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  scarcely 
sulcate  but  with  prominent  margins,  seriately  punctate  at  the  sides; 


First  report  of  the  Entomological  Commission,  pages  1251-252 . 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  191 

eyes  large,  prominent,  especially  iii  the  male,  much  longer  than  the 
intraocular  portion  of  the  genae,  broadly  convex  anteriorly;  antennae 
about  a  half  (male)  or  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora, 
dull  castaneous.  Pronotuui  feebly  constricted  in  the  middle,  enlarg- 
ing almost  as  much  in  front  as  behind,  the  front  border  truncate,  the 
hind  border  somewhat  obtusaugulate,  fusco-castaneous,  profusely  and 
rather  coarsely  punctate  with  fuscous  above,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a 
maculate  piceous  baud  on  the  upper  part  of  the  prozona,  often  divided 
obliquely,  especially  in  the  female,  by  a  dull  luteous  stripe;  median 
carina  percurrent,  sometimes  feebler  on  the  prozona  and  often  subob- 
solete  between  the  sulci,  the  disk  passing  by  a  rounded  shoulder,  more 
distinct  on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozona,  into  the  slightly  tumid 
lateral  lobes;  prozona  quadrate  (male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female), 
scarcely  longer  than  the  feebly  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
not  very  long  and  moderately  slender  (male)  or  short  and  stout  (female), 
a ppressed  conical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes 
about  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  slightly  longer  than  broad 
(female).  Tegmina  reaching  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora  (male)  or  a 
little  shorter  than  that,  shorter  than  the  abdomen  (female),  not  very 
slender,  tapering  and  narrowly  rounded  at  tip,  distinctly  maculate  in 
the  discoidal  area,  especially  in  the  female,  brownish  fuscous;  wings 
moderately  broad,  pellucid,  with  glauco-fuscous  veins.  Hind  femora 
dark  testaceous  with  basal  patch  and  oblique  premedian  and  postine- 
dian  bars  of  blackish  fuscous,  dull  red  beneath,  the  genicular  arc 
black,  the  lower  genicular  lobe  pallid  marked  with  fuscous;  hind  tibiae 
sordid  glaucous,  dull  lutesceut  apically  and  basally,  occasionally  pale 
led,  the  spines  black  except  at  base,  ten  to  eleven,  usually  eleven,  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a 
little  elongate,  well  rounded,  considerably  upturned,  the  supraanal 
plate  triangular  with  subrectangulate  apex,  the  lateral  margins  basally 
rounded,  broadly  upturned,  the  percurreut  median  sulcus  a  mere  slit 
between  rather  high  compressed  walls,  with  a  pair  of  pronounced  ter- 
minal ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  slender,  depressed, 
tapering,  acuminate,  parallel  fingers,  reaching  nearly  to  the  middle  of 
the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  small,  slender,  nearly  straight  and  nearly 
e^ual,  but  basally  tapering  and  apically  a  little  inbent,  rather  stout, 
well  rounded  at  apex,  and  with  the  inbent  portion  deeply  dimpled 
exteriorly;  subgenital  plate  rather  broad,  rather  short,  considerably 
and  abruptly  elevated  apically,  but  not  prolonged  posteriorly,  tlie  apical 
margin  subtruneate,  distinctly  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male  16  mm.,  female  17  mm.;  antennae,  male  0.25 
mm.,  female  5  mm.;  tegmina,  male  12.5  mm.,  female  11  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male  9.5  mm.,  female  10  mm. 

Five  males,  9  females.  San  Francisco,  California,  November  (U.S. 
N.M. — Kiley  collection);  Marin  County,  California,  August  8  (same); 
Monterey,  California,  October  19,  next  the  seashore. 

This  is  one  of  the  smallest  species  of  Melanoplns. 


192  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

29.   MELANOPLUS  CONSANGUINEUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XII,  fig.  10.) 

)\  Dark  ferrugiueo-fuscous.  Head  slightly  prominent,  very  dark  tes- 
taceous, heavily  infuscated  above  and  sometimes  flecked  with  fuscous 
on  face  and  geuae,  a  piceous  band  behind  the  eyes;  vertex  rather 
tumid,  well  raised  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
(yes  rather  narrow,  about  as  wide  as  (male)  or  a  little  wider  than 
(female)  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  broadly 
and  rather  deeply  sulcate;  frontal  costa  equal  (female)  or  narrowed 
above  (male),  at  its  broadest  considerably  (male)  or  somewhat  (female) 
broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  fading  below,  slightly 
sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  sedately  punctate  on  the  sides;  eyes 
as  in  M.  diminutus;  antennae  dark  castaneous,  less  than  two-thirds  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora,  of  about  equal  relative  length  in  the  two  sexes. 
Pronotum  subequal,  enlarging  a  little  on  the  metazona  and  feebly  in 
front;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  lateral 
lobes  with  a  broad  piceous  belt  across  the  prozona  above,  below  which 
they  are  lighter  than  the  disk;  median  cariua  distinct  on  the  metazoua, 
feeble  on  the  prozona,  and  nearly  obsolete  between  the  sulci;  lateral 
carinae  marked  only  by  a  rounded  shoulder  more  distinct  on  the  meta- 
zoua than  on  the  prozona;  prozona  subquadrate,  scarcely  longer  than 
the  finely  and  not  sharply  punctate  metazona,  Prosternal  spine  erect 
and  rather  long,  conieo-cylindrieal  (male)  or  rather  short,  appressed 
conical  (female);  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  half  as 
long  again  as  broad  (male),  or  only  a  little  longer  than  broad  (female). 
Tegmina  nearly  reaching  (male)  or  slightly  surpassing  (female)  the  tip 
of  the  hind  femora,  rather  slender,  tapering,  strongly  rounded  apically 
dark  fuscous  with  tolerably  distinct  maculation  in  the  discoidal  area; 
wings  not  very  broad,  hyaline,  with  glauco-fuscous  veins.  Hind  femora 
dull  testaceous,  marked  as  in  Jlf.  diminutus,  the  hind  tibiae  glaucous, 
the  spines  pallid  at  base,  black  at  tip,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  well  upturned,  the 
supraanal  plate  triangular,  the  lateral  margins  broadly  elevated  and 
at  base  well  rounded,  the  median  sulcus  narrow  and,  except  apically, 
deep,  its  bounding  walls  rather  high  and  abrupt;  furcuhi  consisting  of 
a  pair  of  depressed,  rather  slender,  tapering,  acuminate,  slightly 
divergent  fingers,  falling  somewhat  short  of  the  middle  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  cerci  small  and  slender,  about  four  times  as  long  as  broad,  nearly 
straight  but  gently  incurved  throughout,  broadly  rounded  apically? 
subequal  but  tapering  slightly  on  basal  half,  the  apical  third  deeply 
sulcate  exteriorly,  the  whole  considerably  shorter  than  the  supraanal 
plate;  subgenital  plate  moderately  broad  and  short,  the  lateral  margins 
somewhat  abruptly  and  moderately  elevated  apically,  but  not  pro. 
longed  posteriorly,  the  apical  margin  narrowly  subtruncate  and  feebly 
emarginate. 


NO. HIM  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCFDDER.  193 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male 
C.25  nim.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  16  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  11.5mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Sacramento  County,  California  (U.S.N.M. — 
Riley  collection). 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  the  last,  and  with  larger  material 
may  possibly  prove  the  same. 

X 

30.  MELANOPLUS  SIERRANUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  1.) 

'  Dark  brownish  fuscous,  lighter  beneath.  Head  fusco-olivaceous, 
punctate  with  fuscous,  ferrugineo-testaceous  above,  with  a  postocular 
black  stripe  and  the  margins  of  the  fastigium  more  or  less  marked  with 
black ;  vertex  very  gently  tumid,  hardly  elevated  above  the  pronotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  slightly  wider  than  (male)  or  nearly 
twice  as  wide  as  (female)  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  strongly 
decliveut,  heavily  (male)  or  broadly  and  rather  shallowly  (female)  sul- 
cate;  frontal  costa  subequal,  feebly  broader  than  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  percurrent,  sulcate  at  and  a  little  below  the  ocellus,  some- 
times to  the  base  in  the  male,  seriately  punctate  laterally  in  black  or 
fuscous;  eyes  moderately  large,  somewhat  prominent  in  the  male,  dis- 
tinctly longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  rufo- 
testaceous  (male)  or  ferruginous  (female),  about  four-fifths  (male)  or 
three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal, 
scarcely  enlarging  posteriorly,  the  disk  nearly  plane  but  feebly  convex, 
passing  by  a  well-rounded  angle  into  the  slightly  tumid  but  vertical 
lateral  lobes,  the  median  carina  distinct  and  sharp  on  the  metazona, 
subobsolete  on  the  prozona,  the  disk  ferrugineo-testaceous,  punctate 
with  fuscous,  especially  in  the  female,  the  lateral  lobes  luteo-testaceous 
with  a  broad  piceous  band  on  the  upper  part  of  the  prozoua,  in  the 
female  not  infrequently  broken  in  the  middle  by  an  oblique  luteous 
stripe,  and  followed  below  on  the  posterior  section  of  the  prozona  by  a 
luteous  patch;  front  border  scarcely  convex,  hind  border  obtusaugu- 
late,  the  angle  well  rounded  in  the  female;  prozona  quadrate  or  feebly 
longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  slightly  longer  than  the  meta- 
zona. Prosternal  spine  feebly  conical  (male)  or  appressed  conical 
(female),  moderately  long,  rather  slight,  erect;  interspace  between 
inesosternal  lobes  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  less  than  half 
as  long  again  as  broad  (female).  Tegmiua  reaching,  occasionally 
slightly  surpassing,  the  hind  femora,  moderately  slender,  feebly  taper- 
ing, dark  brownish  fuscous,  the  discoidal  area  very  feebly  (male)  or 
distinctly  (female)  maculate;  wings  moderately  broad,  hyaline,  the  veins 
and  cross  veins,  except  in  the  lower  half  of  the  anal  area,  blackish 
fuscous  with  a  glaucous  tinge.  Hind  femora  fusco-ferruginous,  the 
Proc.  ]S".  M.  vol.  xx 3tf 

\ 


194  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL 

outer  face  largely  blackish  fuscous,  rnesially  interrupted  narrowly  with 
a  very  oblique  luteo-testaceous  cloud,  giving  it  a  broadly  and  very 
obliquely  bifasciate  appearance,  intensified  by  the  bifasciation  of  the 
upper  surface  and  upper  portion  of  the  inner  face  5  beneath  luteo-rufes- 
cent  or  pale  carmine;  hind  tibiae  bright  red,  or  less  frequently  greenish 
glaucous,  with  a  subpatellar  fuscous  spot,  the  spines  black  except  at 
base,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male 
abdomen  feebly  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  trian- 
gular, acutangulate  at  tip,  the  sides  full  at  base,  throughout  tilted 
upward,  the  median  sulcus  percurrent,  deep,  rather  broad,  the  sharply 
tectate  walls  fading  apically ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  and 
delicate,  divergent,  acuminate  fingers,  not  depressed,  rarely  reaching  a 
third  way  across  the  supraanal  plate ;  cerci  rather  small,  hardly  more 
than  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  tapering  gently  in  the  basal  half, 
beyond  equal,  and  this  portion  bent  a  little  inward  and  feebly  sulcate 
externally,  the  apex  well  rounded;  subgenital  plate  rather  small,  broad 
at  base,  apically  as  broad  as  long,  the  apical  margin  abruptly  and 
slightly  elevated  but  not  prolonged,  a  little  compressed  and  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19.5  mm.,  female,  19  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  8 
mm.,  female,  6  mm.;  teginina,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

Twenty-eight  males,  23  females.    Mountains  near  Lake  Tahoe,  Placer 
County,  California,  September,  October,  Heushaw,  Wheeler's  Expe- 
dition, 1876;  Placer  County,  California,  September  (U.S.X.M. — Eiley 
collection) ;  Truckee,  Nevada  County,  California,  October  10. 
. 

31.  MELANOPLUS   ATER,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  2.) 

Very  dark  brownish  fuscous  with  a  feeble  ferruginous  tinge.  Head 
not  prominent,  dull  fusco-olivaceous,  delicately  blotched  with  fuscous, 
above  wholly  fuscous,  with  a  broad,  piceous,  postocular  baud ;  vertex 
gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  slightly  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  broader  than 
the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  very  declivent,  rather  (female)  or 
very  (male)  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  hardly  percurrent,  espe- 
cially in  the  male,  a  little  contracted  above,  below  broader  than  (male) 
or  fully  as  broad  as  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  shallowly 
sulcate  at  and,  in  the  male,  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout ; 
eyes  moderately  large,  not  very  prominent,  distinctly  longer  than  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  rufo-testaceous,  in  the  male 
about  two- thirds  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotum  rather  short, 
feebly  expanding  posteriorly,  the  lower  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  more 
or  less  tinged  with  luteous,  the  upper  half  of  the  prozona  with  an 
obscure  fusco-piceous  or  fuscous  baud,  the  disk  nearly  plane  but 
slightly  tectate  on  the  prozona,  the  median  cariua  percurrent  but 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEK.  195 


feebler  on  the  prozoua  than  on  the  inetazona  and  more  or  less  obsolete 
between  the  snlci,  the  disk  passing  into  the  lateral  lobes  by  a  well- 
rounded  angle,  becoming  a  tolerably  distinct  lateral  carina  on  the 
metazoua,  the  front  margin  subtruncate,  the  hind  margin  obtusangu- 
late;  prozona  quadrate  (male)  or  slightly  transverse  (female),  scarcely 
if  any  longer  than  the  finely  punctate  metazoua.  Prosternal  spine 
short,  erect,  conico  cylindrical,  feebly  (male)  or  considerably  (female) 
appressed,  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  somewhat  less 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female). 
Tegmina  dark  brownish  fuscous,  almost  equally  opaque  throughout, 
with  distinct  maculation  in  the  discoidal  field,  reaching  (male)  or  fall- 
ing somewhat  short  of  (female)  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  not  very 
slender,  distinctly  tapering,  well  rounded  apically.  Hind  femora  fusco- 
testaceous,  rather  obscurely  and  broadly  fasciate  with  blackish  fuscous, 
the  inferior  face  ferruginous;  hind  tibiae  obscure  pale  green,  with  an 
obscure  fuscous  basal  annulus  and  often  more  or  less  flecked  with  fus- 
cous, the  spines  black  or  brown  with  pallid  base,  ten  to  eleven  in  num- 
ber in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  somewhat  long  triangular,  with  slightly 
convex  and  gently  elevated  lateral  margins,  a  slightly  produced 
acutangulate  apex  (its  production  not  shown  in  the  figure),  a  rather 
slender,  not  very  deep,  percurrent,  median  sulcus,  with  sharp  but  not 
high  walls,  and  a  pair  of  parallel,  slight,  short,  apical  ridges;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  subparallel,  flattened,  tapering,  acuminate  fin 
gers  reaching  nearly  to  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  small 
and  slender,  subequal  but  mesially  contracted  laminae,  nearly  four 
times  as  long  as  broad,  very  faintly  upcurved,  apically  a  trifle  incurved 
and  well  rounded,  the  external  face  distinctly  punctate  and  apically 
feebly  dimpled,  with  a  very  slight  inward  directed  flange  from  the 
lower  margin  apically,  the  whole  falling  far  short  of  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  rather  broad  and  sulcate,  but  con- 
cealed by  the  recumbent  cerci  except  apically,  as  they  are  a  little  larger 
than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  longer  than  broad, 
the  apical  margin  transverse,  somewhat  elevated  but  not  prolonged, 
thickened  and  distinctly  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.75  mm.,  female,  19.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
7  mm;  tegmiua,  male,  14.5  mm.,  female  13  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male,  10.5 
mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Two  males,  3  females.  San  Francisco,  California,  October,  November 
(L.  Bruner;  S.  H.  Scudder). 

This  species  is  very  closely  related  to  the  last,  and  with  larger 
material  may  prove  to  be  the  same:  but  the  anal  cerci  are  faintly  larger 
apically  than  mesially  in  the  present  form,  while  in  M.  sierranus  they 
retain  apically  their  mesial  narrowness. 

y 


196  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

32.   MELANOPLUS  DEVASTATOR. 
(Plate  XIII,  figs.  3-7.) 

Melanoplus  devastator  SCUDDER !  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  pp. 
285-286,  287-288;  (pars),  Entom.  notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  46-47,  48-49;  (pars), 
Rep.  U.  S.  Eiit.  Comm.,  II  (1880),  App.,  p.  24,  pi.  xvn,  figs.  2,  3,  19,  20.-  - 
?  BRUXER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  ?  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  II,  (1883), 
p.  11;?  ibid.,  IV  (1884),  p.  58.;  (pars),  Bull.  Wash b.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  138.— 
RILEY,  Ent.  Amer.,  1(1885),  p.  177;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  229-232, 
pi.  vin,  figs.  1-5  a-c.—  COQUILLETT,  ibid.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  291-295,  297.— 
?  BRUXER,  ibid.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  306,  307.— COQUILLETT,  Ins.  Life,  I  (1889),  p. 
227.—  ?  RILEY,  ibid.,  II,  (1889),  p.  27.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891), 
p.  193;  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  p.  21;  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXII  (1891),  p.  48.— 
COQUILLETT,  Ins.  Life,  V  (1892),  pp.  22-23;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 
XXVII  (1892),  pp.  35-57.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  22-24,  figs.  10 
a-d,  11  a-c;  Rep.  Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  18£)3  (1893),  p.  460,  fig.  102;  Rep.  St. 
Hort.  Soc.  Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  pp.  163,  205,  fig.  70 ;  ibid.,  1895  (1895),  p.  69. 

Melanoplus  affinis  COQUILLETT!,  Ins.  Life,  I  (1889),  p.  227. 

Caloptenus  devastator  RILEY,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  ^vXV  (1891),  pp.  28- 
30,  figs.  6  a-d,  7  a-c.— MILLIKEN,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  19. 

Varying  from  dark  brownish  fuscous  to  ferrugineo- testaceous.  Head 
feebly  prominent,  more  or  less  livid  testaceous,  above  darker,  sometimes 
completely  blackish  fuscous,  sometimes  blackish  fuscous  in  a  median 
posterior  stripe,  and  always  with  a  fuscous  or  blackish  postocular  baud; 
vertex  somewhat  tumid,  especially  iu  the  male,  raised  well  above  the 
level  of  the  pronotuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  moderate,  fully 
as  broad  as  (male)  or  much  broader  than  (female)  the  first  antenna! 
joint 5  fastigium  strongly  declivent,  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly  (female) 
sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  rather  broad,  broader 
than  (male)  or  as  broad  as  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
subequal  but  a  little  contracted  at  its  upper  extremity,  feebly  sulcate 
about  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout,  but  especially  laterally ;  eyes 
pretty  large,  not  very  prominent  even  in  the  male,  distinctly  longer  than 
the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  about  two-thirds  (male) 
or  but  little  more  than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora,  varying 
from  luteous  to  ferruginous,  often  a  little  infuscated,  especially  apically. 
Pronotuin  feebly  enlarging  posteriorly,  faintly  constricted  niesially,  the 
lateral  lobes  a  little  lighter  colored  than  the  disk,  except  for  the  broad 
piceous  band  above,  which  extends  across  the  prozona,  occasionally  a 
little  broken;  front  margin  faintly  convex,  hind  margin  a  little  obtus- 
angulate,  the  median  cariua  distinct  on  the  metazona  only,  subobsolete 
between  the  sulcij  lateral  carinae  feebly  indicated  in  the  abrupt  but 
rounded  angle  by  which  the  disk  passes  into  the  lateral  lobes ;  prozoua 
quadrate  or  longitudinally  subquadrate  in  both  sexes,  but  little  or 
no  longer  than  the  faintly  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  not 
very  long,  moderately  stout,  cylindrical,  blunt,  erect,  a  little  shorter 
and  a  little  appressed  in  the  female;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  much  more  than  twice  (male)  or  slightly  (female)  longer  than 


NO.  1124.  HETTSIOX  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—  SC UDDER.  197 

broad.  Tegmina  a  little  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  at  least  in  the  male, 
only  moderately  slender,  tapering  a  little,  well  rounded  apically,  fus- 
cous, generally  very  dark  fuscous,  the  discoidal  area  maculate  in  a  very 
variable  degree,  from  a  feeble  indication  only  (in  which  case  the  whole 
surface  of  the  tegmiua  is  generally  exceptionally  dark)  to  a  heavy  and 
coarse  or  a  pronounced,  rather  delicate  and  distant  flecking;  wings  mod- 
erately broad,  hyaline,  with  fuscous  veins  and  cross  veins  more  or  less 
tinged  with  glaucous,  and  becoming  wholly  glaucous  in  the  anal  area. 
Hind  femora  dull  testaceous,  very  obliquely  and  broadly  bifasciate 
with  blackish  fuscous  and  with  a  basal  patch  of  the  same  on  the  outer 
and  upper  faces,  the  lower  face  and  lower  half  of  the  inner  face  red  or 
reddish;  hind  tibiae  either  dark  glaucous,  or  red,  or  luteo-glaucous, 
often  more  or  less  infuscated  in  threads  basally,  generally  deepening 
there  in  color,  and  when  deepest  often  with  a  narrow,  pale,  subbasal 
aimulus;  the  spines  black,  except  their  pallid  base,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely 
twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
oblong  clavate,  considerably  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular, 
with  subrectaugulate  apex,  convex  and  broadly  upturned  lateral  mar- 
gins, a  deep  and  narrow,  percurrent,  median  sulcus,  bounded  by  high 
walls,  and  a  pair  of  slight  and  short  apical  ridges ;  furcula  consisting  of 
a  pair  of  parallel,  flattened,  rather  slight,  tapering,  acuminate  fingers, 
hardly  reaching  a  third  way  across  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  small, 
slender,  subequal  but  feebly  tapering  in  basal  half,  very  feebly  up- 
curved  and  as  feebly  incurved,,  about  four  times  as  long  as  broad,  the 
apical  third  or  less  externally  excavate,  the  tip  well  rounded,  the  whole 
much  shorter  than  the  supraaual  plate ;  subgenital  plate  moderately 
broad  at  base,  longer  than  broad,  the  apical  margin  considerably  and 
rather  abruptly  elevated,  but  not  prolonged,  and  slightly  notched 
niesially. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.75 
mm.,  female,  6.25  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  16  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.75  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Eighty-two  males,  58  females.  Wenas,  Yakima  County,  Washington 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  California  (L.  Bruner);  California,  H. 
Edwards;  California,  Eicksecker  (S.  Henshaw);  Siskiyou  County,  Cali- 
fornia (U.S.IOI. — Eiley  collection);  Sissous, . Siskiyou  County,  Cali- 
fornia, Packard;  Fort  Redding,  Shasta  County,  California,  Lieutenant 
Williamson;  Tehama  County,  California  (U.S.X.M. — Eiley  collection); 
Lakeport,  Lake  County,  California,  Crotch;  Sierra  Valley,  Sierra 
County,  California,  Lemmon,  August  (tl.S.X.M. — Eiley  collection); 
Placer  County,  California,  August,  September  (same);  Cqlfax,  Placer 
County,  California,  October  11;  Clarkson,  Eldorado  County,  California, 
July  14  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection);  Calaveras  County,  California 
(same);  Marble  Valley  and  White  Eock,  Amador  County,  California, 
July  14,  15  (same);  Sacramento  County,  Coquillett  (same);  Folsom, 
Sacramento  County,  California,  July  3  (same);  Katoma,  Sacramento 


198  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

County,  July  2  (same);  Marin  County,  California,  August  (same); 
Sauzalito,Marin  County,  California,  Behrens;  San  Francisco,  California, 
September,  October  15,  November  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection;  S.  H. 
Scudder;  Museum  C6mparative  Zoology);  Alaineda,  California,  Decem- 
ber 15  (IJ.S.K.M. — Eiley  collection) ;  Merced  County,  California  (same) ; 
Atwater,  Merced  County,  California,  July  29,  Coquillett  (same);  Los 
Angeles,  California,  June,  August,  in  coitu  September  20,  Coquillett, 
October  24  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Pasadena,  Los  Angeles  County, 
California,  October  23;  Tighes,  San  Diego  County,  California, Palmer; 
Southern  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection). 

The  species  has  also  been  reported  from  various  other  counties  in 
California,  mostly  in  the  central  portions  of  the  State,  such  as  Fresno, 
Yuba,  Napa  (Riley),  Sutter,  San  Joaquin  (Coquillett),  and  Lake  Tahoe, 
Placer  County  (Scudder),  as  well  as  from  districts  immediately  adjoin- 
ing California,  as  the  adjacent  parts  of  Oregon  (Bruner),  Keno,  Washoe 
County,  and  Glen  Brook,  Douglas  County,  Nevada  (Scudder),  and  Ari- 
zona (Bruner). 

It  has  also  been  stated  to  occur  in  Colorado  (Scudder),  Kansas,  North 
Dakota,  northwest  Wyoming,  and  Montana  (Bruner),  Idaho  (Bruuer, 
Milliken),  and  in  Utah  in  the  Salt  Lake  Valley  (Scudder)  and  Nephi, 
Juab  County  (Eiley);  but  certainly  in  some,  and  probably  in  all  these 
cases,  the  insect  reported  was  mistakenly  supposed  to  be  this  species. 

Coquillett  describes  a  dipterous  parasite,  Sarcophaga  opifera,  as  found 
in  this  species,  and  gives  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Bulletin  of  the  Ento- 
mological Bureau  at  Washington  a  full  account  of  the  ravages  of  this 
locust  in  California,  where  they  appear  to  do  most  damage  to  vineyards 
and  to  deciduous  fruit  trees,  the  latter  of  which  always  suffer  the  most 
in  the  vicinity  of  grain  fields,  upon  which  the  migrating  swarms  appear 
always  to  descend,  attracted,  perhaps,  by  their  color.  Grain,  however, 
appears  to  suffer  relatively  little  at  their  hands,  though  alfalfa  proves 
attractive. 

A  description  of  the  colors  of  the  living  young,  by  Mr.  Coquillett, 
will  be  found  in  the  report  of  the  United  States  Entomologist  for  1885, 
page  293. 

The  species  is  an  exceedingly  variable  one,  and  with  limited  material 
it  would  be  difficult  to  believe  that  there  was  but  a  single  species,  so 
widely  different  is  the  appearance  of  the  extremes.  This,  I  suspect, 
will  prove  partly  dependent  upon  station,  though  the  different  forms 
into  which  I  would  provisionally  separate  the  species  appear  to  be 
found  indifferently  in  almost  all  parts  of  the  State,  though,  as  far  as  the 
collections  before  me  show,  all  appear  to  be  more  abundant  in  the  cen- 
tral and  northern  portions. 

There  is  first  the  dark  and  rather  small  form,  which  is  prevalent 
about  San  Francisco,  and  which  may  be  called  M.  d.  obscurus  (Plate 
XIII,  figs.  3,  4).  It  is  also  found  in  Sierra,  Placer,  Mariu,  Sacramento, 
Eldorado,  and  Alameda  counties,  as  well  as  in  Siskiyou  County,  in  the 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL1— SC  UDDER.  199 

north,  and  Los  Angeles  County,  in  the  south.  The  typical  forms  are 
very  dark,  having  tegmina  surpassing  but  little  the  hind  femora,  with 
meager  maculation  of  the  discoidal  area,  rarely  at  all  cinereous  in  the 
basal  half ;  the  hind  tibiae  are  variable  in  color. 

A  second  form,  which  appears  to  be  the  widest  spread,  occurring  in 
nearly  every  county  in  which  the  species  has  been  found,  from  Shasta 
to  San  Diego  and  from  Marin  to  Sierra,  is  of  a  decidedly  cinereous 
aspect,  with  abundant  and  generally  rather  confused  maculation  in  the 
discoidal  area  of  the  tegmina,  which  usually  much  surpass  the  hind 
femora;  the  hind  tibiae  are  variable,  but  rarely  glaucous.  This  form 
best  represents  the  original  types  of  the  species  when  first  described, 
and  being  also  the  most  common  may  bear  the  name  M.  d.  typicalis 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  5).  It  is  of  medium  size. 

The  third  form  is  also  of  medium  size  and  is  very  closely  related  to 
the  last,  and  often  hardly  distinguishable.  It  may  be  called  -If.  rf. 
affinis1  (Plate  XIII,  fig.  6).  It  differs  principally  by  its  shorter  teg- 
mina, which  rarely  surpass  the  hind  femora,  and  which  are  very  sharply 
maculate,  with  well-defined  spots,  and  the  hind  tibiae  are  usually  glau- 
cous, occasionally  luteous.  I  have  seen  specimens  from  Sierra,  Sacra- 
mento, and  Los  Angeles  counties. 

The  fourth  form  is  by  far  the  largest  and  the  most  heavily  marked  of 
all,  besides  being  of  a  rather  light  tint,  in  which  the  dark  maculations 
appear  with  the  greater  distinctness,  and  it  may  accordingly  be  known 
as  M.  d.  conspicum  (Plate  XIII,  fig.  7).  It  appears  much  like  an  exag- 
gerated form  of  the  last-mentioned  type,  and  has  a  more  prominent 
head,  much  longer  tegmina,  which  well  surpass  the  hind  femora,  and 
ample  wings,  so  that  I  suspect  the  migrating  flights  will  be  found  to  be 
composed  mainly  or  exclusively  of  this  form ;  the  pronotum  is  unusually 
clear  of  lateral  markings,  and  the  hind  tibiae  are  pale  glaucous.  It  has 
not  been  found  south  of  the  center  of  the  State  (nor  have  any  migratory 
hordes  been  reported  there),  and  indeed  only  in  the  central  portions 
and  the  elevated  districts,  namely,  in  Sacramento,  Eldorado,  Ainador, 
and  Merced  counties. 

33.  MELANOPLUS   VIRGATUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  8.) 

Melanoplm  devastator  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878), 

pp.  285-286,  287-288 ;  (pars),  Entom.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  46-47, 48-49. 
Pezotettix  virgatus  McNEiLLl,  MS.  . 

Light  testaceo-fuscous,  more  or  less  ferruginous  above.  Head  mod- 
erately large  and  rather  prominent  luteo-testaceous,  clouded  with 
fuscous,  above  much  infuscated,  especially  along  the  middle  line  pos- 
teriorly, and  with  a  postocular  piceous  band  sharply  delimited  below 

1  The  form  supposed  by  Coquillett  (see  synonymy)  to  be  Bruner's  M.  affinis  is  not 
this,  but  M.  d.  typicalis. 


200  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

by  luteous;  vertex  rather  tumid,  considerably  elevated  above  the  pro- 
notum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  fully  as  broad  as  (male)  or 
considerably  broader  than  (female)  the  first  antermal  joint;  fastigium 
steeply  declivent,  rather  shallowly  sulcate  even  in  the  male;  frontal 
costa  hardly  reaching  the  clypeus,  slightly  narrowed  above  to  meet 
the  fastigium,  otherwise  subequal,  broad,  slightly  broader  than  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  or  depressed  at  the  ocellus, 
punctate,  seriately  at  the  sides  above;  eyes  moderately  large,  not  very 
prominent,  distinctly  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  luteous,  apically  becoming  slightly  ferruginous  or  fuscous, 
more  than  two-thirds  (male)  or  about  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotuin  very  feebly  flaring  anteriorly  to  receive 
the  head,  somewhat  enlarging  posteriorly,  the  disk  passing  by  a  blunt 
angle  into  the  lateral  lobes,  the  former  brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less 
distinctly  ferruginous,  the  latter  passing  from  luteo-testaceous  below 
to  fuscous  above,  the  prozona  with  a  broad  piceous  band  which  is 
obliquely  cut  by  a  distinct,  posteriorly  narrowing,  sometimes  feebly 
arcuate,  luteous  stripe,  which  connects  with  the  luteous  field  just  below 
the  postocular  band  of  the  head,  a  feature  more  prominent  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male;  median  carina  percurrent,  often  black,  hardly  less 
distinct  on  the  prozoua  than  on  the  inetazona;  front  margin  feebly 
convex,  often  with  a  slight  median  em argi nation;  hind  margin  obtus- 
angulate,  often  nearly  rectangulate;  prozona  slightly  longitudinal 
(male)  or  quadrate  (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  hardly  (female)  longer 
than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately 
long,  cylindrical,  feebly  appressed,  very  blunt  (male)  or  short,  conical, 
appressed,  blunt  (female),  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
more  than  twice  (male)  or  only  a  little  (female)  longer  than  broad. 
Tegniina  surpassing  more  or  less,  generally  considerably,  the  hind 
femora,  moderately  slender,  distinctly  tapering,  brownish  fuscous, 
with  distinct  quadrate  black  maculation  in  the  discoid  a  1  area.  Hind 
femora  testaceous,  sometimes  tinged  with  ferruginous,  broadly  and 
obliquely  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  with  a  basal  patch  of  the 
same,  the  under  surface  luteous,  sometimes  faintly  flushed  with  orange; 
hind  tibiae  very  pale  green,  becoming  more  or  less  pallid  or  luteous  at 
either  extremity,  the  spines  black,  except  basally,  nine  to  twelve, 
usually  ten  to  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  elougate-clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate 
long  triangular,  with  lateral  margins  full  at  the  base  and  scarcely 
elevated,  acutangulate  apex,'  and  slender,  rather  shallow,  median 
sulcus,  bounded  by  rather  slight  but  distinct  walls;  furcula  consisting 
of  a  pair  of  slender,  flattened,  parallel  fingers,  subequal  in  basal  half 
beyond  much  narrowed  and  acuminate,  reaching  almost  to  the  middle 
of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  slender,  slight,  tapering  feebly  in  basal 
half,  about  four  times  as  long  as  broad,  apically  well  rounded,  very 
feebly  incurved,  hardly  upcurved,  the  outer  surface  punctate  and 


NO.  H24.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL  I—  SCUD  DEE.  201 

apically  dimpled,  with  a  slight,  inferior,  indirectecl  flange  to  the  lower 
margin  apically,  the  whole  much  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate; 
infracercal  plates  extending  noticeably  beyond  the  supraaiial  plate  and 
so  exposed  beyond  the  tips  of  the  cerci  to  a  considerable  degree;  sub- 
genital  plate  longer  than  broad,  broad  and  rectaugulate  at  base,  apic- 
ally elevated  but  not  prolonged,  the  apical  border  thickened  and 
eniarginate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20.5  mm.,  female  22.5  mm. ;  antennae,  male, 
8.5  mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  17.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Eleven  males,  12  females.  California,  H.  Edwards ;  Siskiyou  County, 
California,  July  (U.S.KM. — Eiley  collection);  Fort  Redding,  Shasta 
County,  California,  Lieutenant  Williamson ;  Butte  County,  California 
(U.S.KM. — Riley  collection);  Sierra  Valley,  Sierra  County,  California, 
J.  Gr.  Leminon  (same) ;  Sacramento  County,  California,  Coquillett  (same; 
J.  McXeill). 

y 

34.  MELANOPLUS    UNIFORMIS,    new  species. 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  9.) 

Melanoplm  devastator  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878), 
pp.  285-286,  287-288;  (pars),  Entom.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  46-47,  48-49. 

^.ight  and  nearly  uniform  testaceous,  more  or  less  feebly  tinged  above 
with  ferruginous.  Head  somewhat  prominent,  particularly  in  the  male, 
pallid  testaceous,  darker  above,  with  occasionally  a  feeble  postocular 
fuscous  line  at  the  upper  limit  of  the  normal  Melanoplan  postocular 
band;  vertex  tumid,  well  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as 
broad  (female)  as  the  first  an tenual  joint;  fastigium  strongly  declivent, 
sulcate  throughout,  more  deeply  and  narrowly  in  the  male  than  in  the 
female;  frontal  costa  broad,  subequal,  scarcely  attaining  the  clypeus, 
fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  impressed  about 
the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  large,  rather  prominent,  much 
larger  than  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the  geuae ;  antennae  luteous,  grow- 
ing slightly  fulvous  apically,  nearly  two- thirds  (male)  or  scarcely  more 
than  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotuui  feebly  enlarged 
posteriorly,  the  lateral  lobes  slightly  paler  than  the  disk,  and  rarely 
with  a  few  faint  duskier  streaks  in  the  place  of  the  postocular  baud, 
the  disk  passing  into  the  lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded  shoulder,  which 
almost  develops  into  a  lateral  cariua  on  the  inetazona;  median  carina 
slight,  percurreut,  only  slightly  feebler  on  the  prozoua  than  on  the  ineta- 
zona $  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  obtusaugulate;  prozona 
quadrate  (male)  or  slightly  transverse  (female),  scarcely  or  not  longer 
than  the  closely  and  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  not 
very  long,  conico-cylindrical,  appressed,  blunt,  blunter  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male,  slightly  retrorse;  interspace  between  inesosternal 


202  PROCEEDINGS  OF  TEE  NATIONAL 


lobes  nearly  or  quite  twice  as  long  as  broad  in  both  sexes.  Tegmina 
uniform  light  yellowish  testaceous,  with  no  sign  of  maculatiou,  although 
rarely  a  little  beclouded,  reaching  somewhat,  generally  far,  beyond  the 
hind  femora,  rather  slender,  feebly  tapering,  well  rounded  at  tip  ;  wings 
pellucid,  the  veins  and  cross-veins  sometimes  wholly  green,  sometimes 
partly  fuscous.  Hind  femora  testaceous,  generally  feebly  ini'useated  in 
the  incisures  of  the  outer  face  above,  the  inner  half  of  the  upper  face 
often  bimaculate  with  fuscous,  the  under  surface  with  a  tendency  to 
become  roseate,  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  very  pale  dingy 
green,  growing  lutescent  apically,  the  spines  black  with  pallid  base, 
ten  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraaual  plate  subclyp- 
eate,  with  sinuate  sides  and  rectangulate  apex,  with  a  short,  shallow, 
median  sulcus  and  feebly  elevated  sides,  the  whole  surface  nearly 
plane;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  moderately  broad,  flattened, 
tapering,  acuminate  fingers,  parallel  or  slightly  divergent,  reaching 
about  to  the  middle  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  slender,  subequal  but 
basally  tapering,  feebly  incurved  laminae,  about  five  times  as  long  as 
broad,  feebly  arcuate  and  apically  well  rounded,  with  a  slight,  inferior, 
indirected  flange  to  the  lower  margin  apically,  the  whole  much  shorter 
than  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  as  in  the  last  species;  sub- 
genital  plate  about  as  broad  as  long,  the  lateral  margin  arcuate,  being 
produced  both  basally  and  apically,  but  especially  the  latter,  the  apical 
margin  rounded  subquadrate,  very  feebly  or  not  at  all  einarginate, 
though  thickened  on  either  side  of  the  middle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  25  mm.,  female,  22.75  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8.5  mm.,  female,  6.25  mm.;  teginiua,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  13.25  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Mne'  males,  8  females.  Fort  Eedding,  Shasta  County,  California, 
Lieutenant  Williamson;  Yuba  County,  California  (U.S.X.M.  —  liiley 
collection);  Sacramento  County,  California,  Coquillett  (same);  Folsom, 
Sacramento  County,  California,  July  4  (same)  ;  Merced  County,  Cali- 
fornia (same). 

35.  MELANOPLUS  ANGELICUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIII,  fig.  10.) 

Of  rather  large  size,  dark  brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less  ferruginous. 
Head  not  very  prominent,  plumbeous  or  ferruginous,  more  or  less  iiifus- 
cated,  above  hardly  darker  but  perhaps  with  more  fuscous  patches,  a 
postocular  piceous  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  but  little  elevated  above 
the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  somewhat 
broader  than  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  strongly  declivent, 
deeply  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  broad,  feebly  constricted 
above,  percurrent,  slightly  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  gently  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  above  sedately 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDEE.  203 

at  the  sides;  eyes  large,  not  very  prominent,  distinctly  longer  than  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  fulvo-testaceous,  about  two- 
thirds  as  long  as  the  hind  femora  (male).  Pronotum  subequal,  feebly 
enlarging  posteriorly,  the  median  carina  distinct  throughout,  though 
the  feebler  on  the  prozona,  the  lateral  carinae  forming  a  tolerably  dis- 
tinct angle,  especially  on  the  metazona,  the  disk  darker  than  the  lateral 
lobes,  but  the  latter  having  a  clouded  piceous  band  on  the  prozoua, 
much  broken  by  luteous  or  ferruginous,  and  distinct  only  in  the 
impressed  portions;  front  margin  faintly  convex,  hind  margin  obtus- 
angulate,  nearly  rectangulate;  prozona  quadrate,  no  longer  than  the 
closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short,  appressed,  conico- 
cylindrical,  blunt,  erect,  stout;  interspace  between  rnesosternal  lobes 
a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male).  Tegmina  greyish 
fuscous,  very  feebly  and  very  sparsely  sprinkled  with  fuscous  dots  in  the 
discoidal  field,  considerably  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  moderately 
slender,  subequal,  well  rounded  at  tip;  wings  pellucid,  with  greenish 
fuscous  veins.  Hind  femora  dull  testaceous,  broadly,  obliquely,  and 
more  or  less  distinctly  bifasciate  with  dark  olivaceo-fuscous,  the  under 
surface  more  or  less  ruddy;  hind  tibiae  pale  obscure  glaucous,  the 
spines  black  and  pallid,  ten  to  thirteen,  generally  eleven,  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  a  little 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  long  triangular,  with  acutangulate  apex 
and  slightly  convex  sides,  the  surface  nearly  flat,  a  moderately  narrow, 
percurrent,  median  sulcus  marked  by  the  elevation  of  its  not  very 
sharp  nor  high  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel,  flattened, 
not  very  broad,  rather  rapidly  tapering,  subacuminate  fingers,  hardly 
surpassing  the  basal  third  of  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  small,  slender, 
feebly  upcurved,  gently  incurved,  equal  except  for  the  slight  basal 
enlargement,  well  rounded  at  apex,  distinctly  less  than  four  times  as 
long  as  broad,  and  much  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal 
plates  as  in  the  preceding  species;  subgenital  plate  broad  and  short, 
apically  elevated  abruptly  and  considerably  but  not  prolonged,  the 
apical  margin  transverse,  thickened,  and  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23.5  mm. ;  antennae,  9  mm. ;  teginina,  20.5  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  14  mm. 

Two  males.  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley 
collection). 

8.  IMPUDICUS  SERIES. 

This  group  is  composed  of  a  single  species  of  medium  size,  and  is  more 
nearly  related  to  the  next  group  than  to  any  other.  The  prozona  is 
slightly  longitudinal  in  the  male.  The  interspace  between  the  ineso- 
sternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  is  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad  and 
the  metasternal  lobes  are  only  approximate.  The  tegmina  are  fully 
developed  and  surpass  the  hind  femora.  The  hind  tibiae  are  red  and 
have  eleven  to  thirteen  spines  in  the  outer  series. 


204  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  regularly  triangular  with  straight  sides  and 
acutangulate  apex,  the  surface  entirely  in  the  same  plane  from  base  to 
apex,  i.  e.,with  no  apical  depression.  The  furcula  in  the  single  known 
species  is  reduced  to  a  pair  of  very  slight  rather  distant  spines,  no 
longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment.  The  cerci  taper  considerably  at 
base,  but  more  by  excision  of  the  lower  than  of  the  upper  margin,  and 
beyond  the  middle  are  subequal,  hardly  in  the  least  incurved,  and  api- 
cally  angulate.  The  subgenital  plate  is  of  equal  breadth  throughout 
and  terminates  in  a  postmarginal  blunt  tubercle  above,  the  apical  mar- 
gin being  abbreviated,  rounded,  and  entire. 

The  single  species  occurs  in  the  Southern  States,  east  of  the  Missis- 
sippi. 

36.  MELANOPLUS    IMPUDICUS,  new    species. 

(Plate  XIV,  tig.  1.) 

Of  medium  size,  brownish  fuscous,  with  a  decided  ferruginous  tinge. 
Head  moderately  prominent,  testaceous  or  ferrugineo-testaceous,  dotted 
above  with  fuscous,  the  dots  mesially  forming  a  stripe,  and  with  a  dis- 
tinct postocular  piceous  band;  vertex  rather  tumid,  distinctly  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  as  broad  (male) 
or  fully  half  as  broad  again  (female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fas- 
tigium  steeply  declivent,  feebly  (male)  or  very  feebly  (female)  sulcate; 
face  more  than  usually  retreating,  the  frontal  costa  failing  to  reach  the 
clypeus,  equal,  as  broad  (male)  or  almost  as  broad  (female)  as  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  sulcate  excepting  above  where  it  is  biseriately 
punctate;  eyes  not  very  prominent,  rather  large,  distinctly  longer  than 
the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  ferruginous,  less  than 
two-thirds  (male)  or  about  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  expanding  a  little  on  the  metazona,  the 
disk  ferrugineo-luteous  necked  with  fuscous,  very  feebly  convex,  pass- 
ing by  a  rounded  shoulder  nowhere  forming  lateral  carinae  into  the 
anteriorly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which  are  of  the  color  of  the 
face,  with  a  broad  piceous  postocular  stripe  across  the  prozona;  median 
carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  feeble  and  in  the  female  subobsolete 
on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate;  hind  margin  obtusangulate; 
prozona  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female),  a 
little  (male)  or  no  (female)  longer  than  the  delicately  punctate  meta- 
zona. Prosternal  spine  rather  long  (male)  or  rather  short  (female), 
conical,  rather  blunt,  suberect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad  in  both  sexes,  the  inetasternal 
lobes  approximate  (male)  or  somewhat  approximate  (female).  Tegmina 
surpassing  a  little  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  the  hind  femora, 
moderately  broad,  tapering  (more  rapidly  in  the  male  than  in  the  female), 
brownish  fuscous,  the  discoidal  area  lighter  at  least  on  the  basal  half, 
and  necked  throughout  with  tolerably  large,  more  or  less  rounded,  dark 
fuscous  spots ;  wings  rather  broad,  hyaline  at  base,  beyond  infumated 


so.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  XELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  205 

either  apically  (female)  or  over  the  whole  apical  half  (male),  the  veins 
in  the  infuinated  area  blackish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  ferruginous  or  ferrugiueo- 
testaceous,  obliquely  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous  excepting  below, 
the  under  face  lighter  or  deeper  orange,  the  whole  geniculation  infus- 
cated;  hind  tibiae  bright  red,  the  spines  black  excepting  at  base,  eleven 
to  thirteen  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little 
clavate,  slightly  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  triangular  with  straight, 
scarcely  and  narrowly  elevated  margins,  acutangulate  apex,  the  median 
sulcus  confined  to  the  basal  half,  tapering,  narrow,  and  very  deep, 
between  high  and  sharp  walls,  which  unite  in  the  middle  of  the  plate; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight,  brief,  parallel,  moderately  distant 
spines  lying  upon  the  bases  of  the  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci 
small  compressed  laminae,  tapering  rapidly  in  the  basal  half  and  more 
rapidly  beneath  than  above,  beyond  equal  and  about  half  as  broad  as 
extreme  base,  apically  rounded  angulate,  nowhere  incurved,  scarcely 
so  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  very  broad  at  base, 
extending  far  outside  the  cerci,  rapidly  narrowing  with  straight  mar- 
gins, distinctly  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate 
small,  subequal  or  broader  apically  than  basally,  hardly  longer  than 
broad,  bluntly  subconical,  terminating  in  a  very  blunt,  heavy  tubercle? 
which  lies  beyond  the  well  rounded,  scarcely  elevated,  entire,  apical 
margin. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm. ;  antennae,  male 
and  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

One  male,  2  females.  Georgia,  Morrison  (S.  H.  Scudder ;  S.  Henshaw) ; 
Monticello,  Lawrence  County,  Mississippi,  Miss  Helen  Jeunison. 

9.  ABLDUS  SERIES. 

In  this  group  the  antennae  of  the  male  are  exceptionally  long  and  the 
prozona  is  distinctly  longitudinal.  The  interspace  between  the  ineso- 
sternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  varies  from  subquadrate  to  half  as  long 
again  as  broad,  while  in  the  female  it  varies  from  distinctly  transverse 
to  much  longer  than  broad.  The  pronotum  is  posteriorly  truncate  or 
subtruncate,  usually  broadly  emarginate.  The  tegmina  are  not  only 
abbreviate  but  rarely  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  lateral  and  distant. 
The  hind  femora  are  long,  and  the  hind  tibiae  light  colored,  with  eight 
to  twelve,  generally  about  ten,  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  of  the  male  is  triangular  and  rather  simple;  the 
last  dorsal  segment  is  obliquely  and  deeply  sulcate  on  either  side  of  the 
base  of  the  furcula,  which  consists  of  a  pair  of  very  slender  parallel 
fingers  or  spines  of  variable  length,  but  never  very  long;  the  cerci 
rapidly  narrow  at  the  base  to  a  long  and  exceedingly  slender  incurved 
blade,  hardly  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  and  narrower  by  far  than 


206  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

the  frontal  costa;  the  subgeuital  plate  is  small  and  subconical  or  sub- 
pyramidal,  the  margins  lying  in  one  plane  and  entire. 

Three  species  are  known,  two  in  Arizona,  and  one  from  near  the 
margin  of  the  tropics  in  western  Mexico  and  Lower  California.  They 
are  rather  above  the  medium  and  may  be  of  large  size. 

37.  MELANOPLUS  HUMPHREYSII. 

Pezotettix  humphreysii  THOMAS!  (pars),  Rep.  Geogr.  Expl.  100th  mer.,  V  (1875), p. 
890.— SCUDDER  !  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX,  1879,  p.  85;  (pars), 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  74. 

The  only  specimen  seen  has  been  in  alcohol  and  the  colors  are  more 
or  less  bleached;  it  is  brownish  testaceous,  marked  with  black.  Head 
large,  somewhat  protuberant,  without  markings  except  a  slender  black 
line  behind  the  eye ;  vertex  somewhat  tumid  and  a  little  elevated  above 
the  pronotum,  sharply  punctate  except  in  a  posteriorly  broadening 
mesial  band  which  was  probably  darker  colored,  the  interspace  between 
the»eyes  much  broader  (a  little  distorted  in  the  specimen)  than  the  first 
an tennal  joint  ;  fastigium  rather  steeply  declivent,  rather  narrow,  sul- 
cate,  biseriately  punctate;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent  above,  fading 
before  theclypeus,  much  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
equal,  sjiallowly  sulcate  excepting  above,  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  of 
moderate  size,  not  prominent,  about  as  long  as  the  iufraocular  portion 
of  the  genae;  antennae  testaceous,  apically  infuscated,  less  than  two- 
thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  very  regularly 
and  feebly  enlarging  posteriorly,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of 
the  prozona  with  a  very  large,  posteriorly  narrowing,  piceous  patch, 
nearly  split  in  two  subequal  portions  by  a  wedge  of  the  basal  color 
extending  obliquely  upward  from  the  lower  anterior  corner,  and  nar- 
rowly edged  above  on  the  disk  by  a  pallid  tint;  disk  transversely  con- 
vex, passing  by  a  very  rounded  and  scarcely  perceptible  angle  into  the 
very  steeply  declivent  and  inferiorly  vertical  lateral  lobes,  with  no  lateral 
carinae;  median  carina  percurrent,  feeble  on  the  metazona,  coarse  and 
rather  prominent  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate  but  feebly  and 
narrowly  flaring;  hind  margin  roundly,  broadly  and  feebly  emarginate; 
disk  of  prozona  very  coarsely  punctate,  quadrate,  fully  a  third  as  long 
again  as  the  strongly  transverse,  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  short,  conical,  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
(female)  distinctly  transverse,  narrower  than  the  lobes.  Tegmina 
abbreviate,  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  lateral,  widely  separated, 
enlarging  from  the  base  to  the  middle,  beyond  equal,  apically  rounded, 
several  times  longer  than  broad,  black  on  ground  with  testaceous  veins. 
Hind  femora  brownish  testaceous  on  upper  half,  its  lower  limit  infus- 
cated on  the  outer  face,  pallid  on  lower  half,  the  genicular  arc  black  ; 
hind  tibiae  pale  testaceous,  the  spines  black  tipped,  nine  to  ten  in  num- 
ber in  the  outer  series.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  "bicarinate  longitudi- 
nally"; cerci  "flat  and  enlarged  at  the  base  and  apex,  the  apical 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEP.  207 

portion  being  somewhat  broader  than  the  basal  portion;  t}ie  anterior 
apical  angle  is  rounded,  while  the  posterior  one  is  somewhat  acute, 
dentiform;''  subgenital  plate  "slightly  elongate  and  cone-shaped" 
(Quotations  from  Thomas). 

Length  of  body,  female,  26  mm,;  antennae,  11  mm.  (est.);  tegmina, 
5  mm.;  hind  femora,  18  mm. 

One  female.  Arizona,  G.  W.  Dunn  (L.  Bruner).  It  was  originally 
described  from  southern  Arizona. 

I  have  here  adhered  to  iny  original  limitation1  of  Thomas's  species, 
although  I  was  mistaken  in  supposing  that  the  male  I  then  had  before 
me  was  one  of  those  used  by  him  in  his  description,  since  he  describes 
the  cerci  as  enlarged  at  the  extremity,  which  they  certainly  were  not 
in  the  one  then  in  my  hands.  Thomas's  originals,  so  far  as  now  pre- 
served in  the  National  Museum,  all  belong  to  my  Mel.  aridus,  but  for- 
tunately a  specimen  in  Professor  Bruner's  collection,  although  it  is 
only  a  female,  enables  me  to  fix  the  species.  It  may  be  separated  from 
Mel.  aridus  by  the  character  which  Thomas  describes  thus:  "Posterior 
margin  [of  pronotuin]  truncate  on  the  back  [i.  e.,  disk],  or  curved 
slightly  forward"  [i.  e.,  emarginate],  the  posterior  margin  in  Mel  aridus 
being  distinctly  obtusangulate,  though  subtruncate. 

38.  MELANOPLUS  NITIDUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIV,  fig.  2.) 

Pezotettix  humphreyrii  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p. 
85;  (pars),  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  74. 

Pale  brown  suffused  with  flavous  and  marked  with  black.  Head 
not  prominent,  or  in  the  male  scarcely  prominent,  pale  flavo-testaceous 
heavily  mottled  with  brown,  above  almost  wholly  brown,  with  a  broad 
postocular  piceous  band  margined  with  flavous  (these  markings  not 
seen  in  the  female) ;  vertex  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above  the  pro- 
notum  (male)  or  feebly  tumid,  not  thus  elevated  (female),  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  nearly  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antenna!  joint; 
fastigium  rather  strongly  declivent,  deeply  (male)  or  feebly  (female)  sul- 
cate;  frontal  costa  subequal,  but  slightly  expanded  at  the  ocellus,  where 
it  is  equal  to  (male)  or  broader  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  sulcate  distinctly  and  throughout  (male)  or  feebly  and  at  and  a 
little  below  the  ocellus  (female) ;  eyes  rather  large  and  rather  prominent 
especially  in  the  male,  elongate,  very  much  longer  than  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  flavous,  a  little  shorter  than  (male)  or 
about  two-thirds  as  long  as  (female)  the  hind  femora.  Pronotuni  sub- 
equal  on  the  prozona,  expanding  on  the  metazona,  nearly  uniform  in 
coloring  except  for  a  large  flavous-margined,  piceous,  postocular  patch 
crossing  the  prozona,  more  or  less  broken  and  irregular  in  the  female; 
disk  pretty  strongly  convex,  passing  almost  insensibly  into  the  lateral 
lobes  with  no  trace  of  lateral  carinae,  though  the  position  of  these  is 


1  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX,  p.  85. 


208  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  lirSEUll.  VGI..XX. 

marked  on -the  prozona  by  the  flavous  stripe  bordering  the  piceous  patch ; 
median  carina  percurrent,  dull  and  heavy,  more  pronounced  on  the  pro- 
zona than  on  the  metazona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  feebly  and  nar- 
rowly flaring  in  the  male,  hind  margin  broadly  and  roundly  but  not 
deeply  einarginate;  prozona  punctate  next  the  front  margin,  distinctly 
longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  mesially  twice  as  long  (male)  or 
fully  half  as  long  again  (female)  as  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  appressed  conical  and  slightly  retrorse  (male)  or  erect, 
conical  (female),  rather  long  and  slender ;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  transversely  subquadrate  (male)  or  a  little  transverse  (female),  the 
metasternal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or  somewhat  approximate 
(female).  Tegmina  about  as  long  as  the  prozona,  elliptical,  about  three 
times  as  long  as  broad,  broadly  rounded  at  tip,  lateral,  widely  distant, 
black  with  testaceous  veins.  Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  en- 
larged especially  in  depth  in  the  male ;  hind  femora  flavous,  more  or 
less  longitudinally  infuscated  or  ferruginous,  especially  on  or  next  the 
carinae,  the  genicular  arc  piceous,  the  lower  genicular  lobe  wholly  pallid ; 
hind  tibiae  pale  dull  flavous,  delicately  mottled  with  ferruginous,  the 
spines  black  excepting  at  base,  eight  (female)  or  ten  (male)  in  number 
in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  feebly  carinate,  nearly  uniform  in  color, 
the  extremity  subclavate  in  the  male,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraanal 
plate  triangular,  roundly  acutaugulate  at  tip,  the  surface  vaulted,  with 
a  large  subbasal  rounded  basin  taking  the  place  of  the  usual  median 
sulcus,  and  into  which  falls  the  furcula,  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very 
slender,  parallel  and  adjacent,  subequal,  cylindrical  fingers,  extending 
less  than  a  third  the  distance  across  the  plate;  cerci  slender,  gradually 
incurved  but  otherwise  straight,  compressed  blades,  tapering  at  the 
very  base,  but  beyond  subequal,  rounded  at  tip,  considerably  shorter 
than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgeuital  plate  small,  subpyrarnidal,  of 
about  equal  breadth  and  length,  the  margin  apically  angulate,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  31.5  mm.;  antennae,  male 
and  female,  11  mm. ;  teginina,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  5  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  12  mm.,  female,  17  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Tepic,  Jalisco,  Mexico,  November,  Coll.  Calif. 
Acad.  Sc.  (L.  Bruner) ;  Cape  St.  Lucas,  Lower  California  ( ?),  J.  Xautus. 

The  female,  collected  by  Xantus  (presumably  at  Cape  St.  Lucas),  is 
the  one  referred  to  by  me  in  my  original  description  of  M.  aridus  as 
belonging  to  that  species,  but  it  differs  from  it  (and  agrees  with  M. 
ImmpJireysU]  in  the  emargiuation  of  the  posterior  border  of  the  pro- 
notum,  and  differs  from  both  in  the  greater  robustness  of  the  body, 
especially  in  the  metathoracic  region.  It  is  quite  possible  that  the 
male  and  female  here  brought  together  do  not  properly  belong  to  one 
species;  there  is  great  disparity  in  size  and,  as  the  description  shows, 
some  unusual  disagreements  between  sexes  of  the  same  species;  but 
they  certainly  belong  in  close  proximity,  even  if  distinct;  if  they  should 
prove  distinct,  the  name  should  be  retained  for  the  male,  from  which 
the  description  (especially  in  colors)  has  principally  been  drawn. 


NO.  1 1 24.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  209 

39.  MELANOPLUS  ARIDUS. 
(Plate  XIV,  fig.  3.) 

Pezotettix  humphreysii  THOMAS!  (pars),  Rep.  Geogr.  Expl.  100th  mer.,  V  (1875),  p. 

890,  pi.  XLV,  figs.  1,  2. 
Pezotettix  aridus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  84-85; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  73-74.— BRUNEK,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 

p.  59. 

Brownish  liavons,  inclining  to  flavous  below,  marked  with  black.  Head 
slightly  prominent  especially  in  the  male,  more  or  less  embrowned,  with 
a  narrow  mesial  black  stripe  on  summit  and  a  broad  postocularpiceous 
band;  vertex  rather  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above  the  pronotuui,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  slightly  narrower  (male)  or  slightly  broader 
(female)  than  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent, 
sulcate,  narrow,  considerably  expanding  in  front,  the  bounding  walls 
stout,  rounded;  frontal  costa  moderate,  nearly  equal,  contracted 
slightly  just  below  the  ocellus,  above  flat,  below  the  ocellus  a  little 
sulcate,  rather  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes;  eyes 
rather  prominent  especially  in  the  male,  as  long  as  (female)  or  dis- 
tinctly longer  than  (male)  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  tiavo-testaceous,  about  five-sixths  (male)  or  two  thirds 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  simple,  expanding  a 
very  little  posteriorly,  the  prozona  slightly  swollen  on  the  upper  part 
of  the  lateral  lobes,  into  which  the  disk  passes  insensibly;  there  is  a 
broad  black  band  at  the  upper  limit  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pro- 
zona, which  either  narrows  on  the  metazona  so  as  only  to  edge  the 
lower  side  of  the  position  of  the  lateral  cariuae,  or,  if  of  equal  width 
with  the  preceding  portion,  is  enlivened  by  a  yellow  stripe  passing 
longitudinally  through  the  middle,  a  continuation  of  the  black  bordered 
yellowish  stripe  on  the  metathoracic  epipleura;  occasionally  the  band 
is  wholly  obsolete  on  the  metazona;  in  the  middle  of  the  portion  of 
the  band  on  the  prozona  is  also  a  roundish  or  oblique  pyriform  yellowish 
spot;  median  cariua  distinct,  equal,  but  low  and  rounded ;  front  margin 
truncate,  hind  margin  gently  convex,  subaugulate;  prozona  obscurely 
and  sparsely  punctate,  distinctly  (male)  or  very  feebly  (female) 
longitudinal,  a  third  (male)  or  a  fourth  (female)  longer  than  the  finely 
and  clearly  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  not  very  long, 
conical,  blunt  tipped,  suberect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
fully  (male)  or  nearly  (female)  half  as  long  again  as  broad.  Tegmina 
abbreviate,  shorter  or  at  least  no  longer  than  the  proiiotum, 
rounded  ovate,  about  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  costal  and 
inner  margins  about  equally  convex,  the  extremity  truncate  and 
broadly  rounded,  not  in  the  least  produced,  dark  brownish  fuscous, 
clouded  with  olivaceous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  very  gently  tumid 
in  the  male;  hind  femora  dull  olivaceo  flavous,  the  outer  face  more  or 
Proc.  X.  M.  vol.  xx 14 


210  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


less  infuscated,  the  upper  face  indistinctly  biinaculate  with  fuscous, 
the  whole  geniculation  excepting  the  lower  lobe  beyond  its  base 
blackish;  hind  tibiae  glaucous  (pale  yellowish  in  alcoholic  specimens), 
the  spines  black  to  their  base,  or  excepting  the  extreme  base,  ten  to 
eleven,  rarely  twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  very  feebly  clavate,  scarcely  recurved,  the  supraaual 
plate  triangular,  about  equally  long  and  broad,  the  sides  straight,  the 
tip  angulate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subapproximate  slight 
and  equal  fingers,  bluntly  tipped,  hardly  more  than  a  quarter  the 
length  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  very  slender,  compressed,  rapidly 
narrowing  at  extreme  base,  beyond  equal,  slightly  and  broadly  sulcate 
exteriorly,  directed  backward  and  a  little  inward,  tapering  and  bluntly 
rounded  at  tip,  scarcely  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate;  sub- 
genital  plate  truncato-conical,  much  broader  than  long,  incurved  at 
base,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  in  one  plane,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
10.5  mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4  mm.,  female,  4.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Four  males,  9  females.  Arizona  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  L. 
Bruner) ;  San  Carlos, Gila  County,  Arizona,  Wheeler's  Exp.  (U.S.N.M. — 
Kiley  collection);  Fort  Whipple,  Yavapai  County,  Arizona,  E.  Pal- 
mer; Fort  Buchanan,  Pima  County,  Arizona,  E.  Palmer;  Fort  Grant, 
Graham  County,  Arizona  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection). 

See  the  remarks  on  this  species  under  Melanoplus  humphreysii.  The 
specimen  from  Cape  St.  Lucas  which  I  referred !  to  this  species  does 
not  belong  to  it,  but  probably  to  Melanoplus  nitidus. 

10.  INDIGENS  SEEIES. 

In  this  group,  consisting  of  only  a  single  species  of  medium  size,  the 
prozona  of  the  male  is  very  longitudinal  and  the  interspace  between 
the  mesosternal  lobes  of  the  same  sex  only  slightly  longer  than  broad. 
The  antennae  of  the  male  are  almost  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  The 
tegmina  are  abbreviate,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  subelliptical 
with  rounded  apex.  The  hind  tibiae  are  greenish  and  have  ten  to 
twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  is  hardly  clavate  and  the  supra- 
anal  plate  triangular  with  distinct  median  sulcus  and  mesially  notched 
lateral  margins;  the  furcula  consists  of  a  small  pair  of  tapering  fingers; 
the  cerci  are  large  and  broad,  almost  equally  broad  throughout,  and 
apically  rounded,  nearly  straight;  the  subgenital  plate  is  broad  and 
short,  the  apical  margin  elevated  to  a  blunt  tubercle. 

The  single  species  occurs  in  Idaho. 

.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX,  p.  85. 


NO.  1 124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC  UDDEE.  211 

_: 

40.  MELANOPLUS  INDIGENS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIV,  fig.  4.) 

Of  medium  size,  brownish  fuscous  above,  sordid  testaceous  beneath. 
Head  a  little  prominent,  olivaceo-testaceous  necked  with  fuscous,  above 
blackish  fuscous  with  a  broad  piceous  post  ocular  baud;  vertex  some- 
what tumid,  scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fas- 
tigium  steeply  declivent,  shallowly  and  broadly  sulcate;  frontal  costa 
scarcely  reaching  the  clypeus,  faintly  expanded  at  the  ocellus,  but 
otherwise  equal,  a  little  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
a  little  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  distinctly  punctate  above;  eyes  rather 
large,  not  prominent,  somewhat  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of 
the  genae;  antennae  castaneous,  almost  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Prouotum  slightly  expanding  on  the  metazoua,  the  sides  with  a  per- 
current,  piceous,  postocular  stripe  which  is  rather  feeble  on  the  nieta- 
zona,  the  disk  rather  broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  rounded  shoulder, 
posteriorly  forming  feeble  lateral  carinae,  into  the  somewhat  tumid 
vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  obsoles- 
cent on  the  prozona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  very 
broadly  rotundate ;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal,  about  a  third  longer 
than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  conical, 
bluntly  pointed,  feebly  appressed;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  subqnadrate,  barely  longer  than  broad.  Teginina  abbreviate, 
almost  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  slightly  distant,  obovate,  almost  twice 
as  long  as  broad,  the  tip  strongly  rounded.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  rather  slender,  somewhat 
compressed,  ferrugineo-testaceous,  irregularly  clouded  and  necked  with 
fuscous,  the  under  face  flavo-olivaceous,  the  upper  genicular  lobe  and 
base  of  lower  black;  hind  tibiae  sordid  pale  greenish  with  a  fuscous 
patellar  anuulus,  the  spines  black  almost  to  their  base,  ten  to  twelve 
in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  hardly 
clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  acut- 
angulate  apex,  the  lateral  margins  considerably  and  rather  abruptly 
elevated  and  mesially  notched,  the  median  sulcus  distinct  and  percur- 
rent  between  rather  narrow  and  sharp  ridges  which  fade  beyond  the 
middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather  slender,  tapering  and 
acuminate,  tumid,  feebly  arcuate  and  slightly  divergent  fingers, 
slightly  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  broad  and  rather 
coarse,  straight,  subequal,  apically  rounded  or  subangulate  laminae, 
nearly  four  times  as  long  as  their  middle  breadth,  obliquely  vertical 
throughout  except  apically,  where  by  a  feeble  twist  they  become  verti- 
cal; subgenital  plate  short  and  broad,  the  apical  margin  rising  consid- 
erably above  the  lateral  into  a  slight  rounded  tubercle,  the  lateral  and 
apical  margins  as  seen  from  above  parabolic. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.;  antennae,  10  mm.;  teginiua,  4.25 
mm  ;  hind  femora,  11  mm. 


212         PR 0  CEEDING  S  OF  THE  NA  Tl OXAL  M USE  UM. 


One  male.     Salmon  City,  Leinhi  County,  Idaho,  August  (L.  Bruner). 

This  species  has  a  close  general  resemblance  to  Podisma  inarsliallii 
with  its  much  shorter  antennae  and  wide  separation  of  the  mesosternal 
lobes. 

11.  MANCUS  SEEIES. 

In  this  group,  composed  of  species  mostly  of  small  size,  the  prozona 
of  the  male  varies  from  quadrate  to  distinctly  longitudinal,  and  the 
interspace  bet  ween  the  mesosternal  lobes  of  the  same  sex  varies  from  a 
little  longer  than  broad  to  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad.  Tl  e 
antennae  of  the  male  are  rarely  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  The  teg- 
mina  are  always  abbreviate,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotuui,  usually 
rather  broad  and  either  augulate  or  more  or  less  acuminate  at  tip.  The 
hind  tibiae  are  red,  rarely  greenish,  and  have  nine  to  sixteen,  more  com- 
monly about  eleven,  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  is  usually  very  feebly  clavato, 
and  the  supraanal  plate  usually  triangular  and  rather  flat  except  for  the 
submediaii  ridges;  but  it  is  sometimes  long  subclypeate  with  margins 
more  or  less  raised;  the  furcula  always  consists  of  a  feeble  or  rather 
feeble  pair  of  denticulations ;  the  cerci  are  generally  rather  small,  some- 
times nearly  equal,  at  others  tapering  more  or  less  in  the  basal  half, 
but  rarely  anywhere  very  slender,  generally  incurved  or  inbent,  and 
occasionally  somewhat  arcuate  as  seen  laterally,  always  well  rounded 
apically  and  generally  exteriorly  sulcate  on  the  apical  half;  the  sub- 
genital  plate  is  broad,  generally  also  short,  subconical  or  subpyramidal, 
the  lateral  and  apical  margins  in  the  same  plane  and  entire. 

The  species  are  five  in  number  and  have  together  a  wide  range,  though 
all  but  one  are  rather  local,  so  far  as  known.  The  one  which  is  widely 
distributed  occurs  from  Nebraska  and  Kansas  to  Texas  in  the  West, 
and  from  southern  New  England  and  central  New  York  to  Virginia  in 
the  East.  The  other  species  are  known  respectively  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, Colorado,  Idaho,  and  northern  New  England,  but  the  last  is  also 
reported  from  Illinois. 

This  series  represents  in  brachypterous  forms  the  glaucipes  series  in 
macropterous,  and  in  an  ideal  arrangement  the  series  should  not  be  so 
widely  separated  as  here. 

41.  MELANOPLUS    SCUDDERI. 

(Plate  XIV,  figs.  5,  6.) 

Pezotettix  scudderi  UHLER!,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  11(1864),  p.  555.— SMITH,  Rep. 
Conn.  Bd.  Agric.,  1872  (1872),  pp.  370,  381.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv. 
Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  152;  Bull.  111.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876),  p.  67.— BRUNER, 
Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— SCUDDER,  ibid.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— THOMAS, 
Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  91,  95,  121.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut.  Comin., 
Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— COMSTOCK,  Intr.  Ent.  (1888),  p.  107.— DAVIS,  Ent.  Amer., 
V  (1889),  p.  80.— SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  N.  J.  (1890),  p.  412.—  BLATCHLEY  ! ,  Can. 
Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  80.— MCNEILL!,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  76.—  OSBOKX, 
Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  ii  (1892),  p.  117. — BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc., 
Ill  (1893),  p.  27.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  106.— GARMAN,  Orth.  Ky. 
(1894),  p.  8.— BKUTENMPLLER,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  p.  309, 
pi.  vin,  fig.  6. 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDEE.  213 

Pezotctlix  rubricrua  WALSH!,  MS.  (1865). 

Podisma  seudderi  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mns.,  IV  (1870),  p.  718. 

Pezotdtix  ntncolor  THOMAS!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  151; 

Proc.  Day.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.  260.— GLOVKR,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth. 

(1876;,  pi.  xin,  fig.  9.— THOMAS,  Bull.  111.  Mns.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876),  p.  66; 

Rep.  Geol.  Expl.  W.  100th  Mer.,  V  (1875),  p.  888,  pi.  XLV,  fig.  4.— BRUNER, 

Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— RILEY,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  pp. 

220,  226.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  95,  118-119.— BRUNER,  Rep. 

U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  136; 

Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Of  medium  or  rather  small  size,  ferrugineo-fuscous,  a  little  lighter 
beneath.  Head  not  prominent,  dark  testaceous,  much  mottled  with 
fuscous  or  generally  infuscated,  above  almost  wholly  infuscated,  with 
an  obscure  fuscous  postocular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  scarcely 
elevated  above  the  pronotura,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  half  as 
broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  antenna!  joint; 
fasti giurn  steeply  declivent,  plane,  with  feebly  raised  lateral  margins; 
frontal  costa  fading  before  the  clypeus,  subequal,  of  the  same  breadth 
as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  the  lateral  margins  faintly  elevated 
throughout  and  besides  that  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus, 
punctate  biseriately  above;  eyes  moderately  large,  rather  prominent, 
very  much  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
ferruginous,  more  or  less  infuscated  apically,  about  four-fifths  (male)  or 
less  than  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum 
often  heavily  ferruginous  on  the  disk,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  postocular 
piceous  belt,  occasionally  subobsolete,  either  crossing  the  whole  pro- 
notum  but  generally  enfeebled  on  the  metazona,  or  confined  to  the 
prozona;  disk  broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  distinct  but  everywhere 
distinctly  rounded  shoulder  into  the  at  first  very  steeply  declivent 
and  afterwards  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct,  delicate 
and  equal  throughout;  front  margin  very  feebly  convex  and  often 
faintly  em arginate  in  the  middle,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  occasion- 
ally rotundato-obtusangulate;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or 
varying  from  quadrate  to  distinctly  longitudinal — the  latter  especially  in 
southern  examples  (female),  fully  half  (male)  or  generally  about  a  fourth 
(female)  longer  than  the  heavily  and  densely  punctate  metazona.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  not  very  long,  appressed  cylindrical,  tapering  apically, 
bluntly  pointed,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully 
twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegmina  about  as 
long  as  the  pronotum, broad  ovate,  overlapping,  roundly  subacuminate  at 
tip  (excepting  in  extreme  southern  examples,  where  it  is  well  rounded) ; 
wings  not  half  the  length  of  the  tegmina.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
slightly  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  ferrugineo-testaceous,  occa- 
sionally with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  feebly  bimaculate  with  fuscous 
above,  the  spots  often  extending  halfway  across  the  inner  face,  the 
lower  face  castaneous,  occasionally  ruddy,  the  whole  geniculation  fus- 
cous and  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  bright  red,  sometimes 
feebly  infuscated  or  dulled  toward  the  base,  and  with  a  fuscous  patellar 


214  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NA  TIONAL  M USE  UM.  VOL.  xx. 

spot,  the  spines  black  in  the  apical  half,  crowded,  eleven  to  sixteen, 
usually  twelve  to  thirteen,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate 
triangular,  acutangulate  at  tip,  with  strongly  elevated  and  sharp  sub- 
median  ridges  on  either  side  of  the  deep,  narrow,  and  subequal  median 
sulcus,  which  fades  and  widens  apically;  furcula  consisting  of  the 
slightly  tumid  attingent  portions  of  the  mesially  divided  last  dorsal 
segment,  each  produced  posteriorly  as  a  triangular  tooth  projecting 
over  the  supraanal  plate,  the  tooth  sometimes  shorter  than,  usually  as 
long  as,  the  basal  swelling,  in  southern  examples  half  as  long  again  as 
it  (the  length  slightly  exaggerated  in  fig.  6);  cerci  simple,  feebly  fal- 
ciform blades  about  twice  as  long  as  their  basal  breadth,  at  the 
rounded  apex  about  half  as  broad  as  at  base,  usually  slightly  incurved, 
and  generally  exteriorly  sulcate  on  the  apical  half,  sometimes  to  a 
considerable  degree;  subgenital  plate  small,  conical,  the  upper  margin 
acutangulate  as  seen  from  above,  in  one  plane,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  5  mm.,  female,  5.25  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  10  mm.,  female,  12.75  mm. 

Seventy-three  males,  95  females.  Brunswick,  Maine,  Packard  (Mu- 
seum Comparative  Zoology);  Springfield,  Hampden  County,  Massa- 
chusetts, Allen  (same);  Deep  Eiver,  Middlesex  County,  Connecticut, 
August  24  (A.  P.  Morse);  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  S.  I.  Smith,  A.  P. 
Morse (S.  H.  Scudder;  Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  North  Haven, 
New  Haven  County,  Connecticut,  August  23  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  South  Kent, 
Litchfield  County,  Connecticut,  August  19-20  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  Staten 
Island,  New  York,  September  18,  W.T.Davis;  Maryland,  September 
15,  19,  October  18,  25,  P.  E.  Uhler;  Middle  States,  E.  Osten  Sacken; 
Washington,  D.  C.  (L.  Bruuer,  U.S.N.M.);  Virginia ^(U.S.N.M.— Eiley 
collection);  Sheuandoah  Valley,  Virginia,  October,  Packard  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Vigo  County,  Indiana,  W.  S.  Blatchley  (S.  H. 
Scudder;  A.P.Morse);  Bloomiugton, Monroe  County,  Indiana,  Bollman 
(U.S.N.M.);  Lexington,  Fay ette  County,  Kentucky,  August  29,  Septem- 
ber 3,  H.  Garman;  near  Mammoth  Cave,  Kentucky,  October,  Putnam 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Illinois,  Uhler  (S.  H.  Scudder;  L. 
Bruner);  Northern  Illinois,  Keunicott;  Ogle  County,  Illinois,  J.  A. 
Allen;  Chicago,  Cook  County,  Illinois,  September  (U.S.N.M. — Itiley 
collection);  Bock  Island,  Illinois,  Walsh;  Moline,  Eock  Island  County, 
Illinois,  McNeill;  Southern  Illinois,  November  1  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  col- 
lection); Saint  Clair  County,  Illinois,  October  29  (same);  Jackson 
County,  Illinois  (same);  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August  8-10,  September 
1-3,  J.  A.  Allen;  Jefferson,  Greene  County,  Iowa,  July  20-24,  Allen; 
Crawford  County,  Iowa,  July  13-24,  Allen;  West  Point,  Cuming  County, 
Nebraska,  L.  Bruner;  Missouri.  September  24-25  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  col- 
lection); Savannah,  Andrew  County,  Missouri,  October  30  (same);  Cen- 
tral Missouri  (same) ;  Booue  County,  Missouri,  November  1  (same) ;  Saint 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  215 

Louis,  Missouri,  October  10  (same);  Kirkwood,  Saint  Louis  County, 
Missouri,  September  6,  October  (same);  Bushberg,  Jefferson  County, 
Missouri,  August  24  (same) ;  Mississippi  (L.  Bruner) ;  Texas,  September 
20,  October  13,  Belfrage;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (S.H.Scudder;  U.S.N.M.— 
Eiley  collection);  Fort  Worth,  Tarraut  County,  Texas  (U.S.N.M. — 
Kiley  collection). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  New  Jersey  (Smith),  Ithaca,  New  York 
(Comstock),  Normal,  McLean  County,  Illinois  (Thomas),  various  parts 
of  Kentucky  (Garman),  Topeka,  Shawnee  County,  Kansas  (Bruner), 
and,  with  doubt,  by  Thomas  from  Colorado  "  subalpine"  and  southern 
Colorado. 

The  species  varies  to  a  considerable  degree,  as  appears  in  part  from 
the  above  description.  Texan  specimens  have  the  tegmina  uniformly 
less  acuminate  apically  and  a  longer  furcula.  Occasionally  the  tegmina 
are  considerably  longer  than  the  pronotum,  as  appears  especially  in  a 
pair  sent  me  by  Professor  H.  Garrnan  from  Kentucky.  Specimens 
from  southern  New  England  appear  uniformly  somewhat  smaller  than 
others,  while  there  is  no  difference  in  size  between  specimens  from 
Maryland  and  Texas. 

Walsli,  supposing  the  species  here  described  as  M.  walslm  to  be  the 
true  M.  scudderi,  named  the  present  species  in  his  letters  Pezotettix 
rubricrusj  and  I  still  possess  several  specimens  sent  me  by  him  in  1865 
under  that  name.  Examination  of  the  types  of  Uhler  and  Thomas 
show  that  scudderi  and  unicolor  are  identical,  as  McNeill  thought. 

Eiley  states  that  this  species  attains  maturity  in  the  vicinity  of  Saint 
Louis,  Missouri,  about  September  1,  and  begins  to  oviposit  on  Septem- 
ber 24.  The  eggs  have  a  quadrilinear  arrangement  in  the  pod.  Uhler 
found  it  abundant  near  Baltimore,  Maryland,  on  "  the  sides  of  high 
hills,"  Beutenmiiller  about  New  York  City  in  udry  places,"  and  Com- 
stock about  Ithaca,  New  York,  "among  scattered  trees  on  the  crests 
and  slopes  of  our  highest  hills."  In  the  West,  however,  Allen  found  it 
in  Iowa  u common  in  grassy  groves"  and  "  on  prairies,"  while  McNeill 
says  that  in  Illinois  it  "is  very  frequently  found  along  roadsides  or  in 
pastures,"  and  in  Indiana  Blatchley  finds  it  "in  open  woods  and 
pastures." 

42.  MELANOPLUS  GILLETTEI,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIV,  fig.  7.) 

Of  rather  small  size,  blackish  fuscous,  testaceous  beneath.  Head 
not  prominent,  brownish  fuscous  deepening  in  tint  above  and  flecked 
with  testaceous  below,  the  clypeus  and  labrum  testaceous,  flecked  with 
fuscous;  vertex  rather  feebly  tumid,  not  elevated  above  the  proiiotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  twice  as  broad  as  the  first  antennal 
joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  rather  feebly  sulcate;  frontal  costa 
fading  well  before  the  clypeus,  feebly  narrowed  above,  as  broad  as  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  faintly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus, 
biseriately  punctate;  eyes  moderately  large,  not  very  prominent,  some- 


216  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

what  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  dark 
castaneous,  about  four-fifths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum 
narrowest  at  the  hinder  section  of  the  prozona,  feebly  expanding  in 
front,  slightly  more  on  the  metazona,  the  piceous  postocular  band  of 
the  lateral  lobes  confined  to  the  prozona  and  inconspicuous  from  the 
dark  color  of  the  insect,  though  brought  slightly  into  prominence  by 
the  slight  paling  of  the  lower  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  and  the  rufous 
tinge  of  the  sides  of  the  disk,  the  disk  very  broadly  convex  and  pass- 
ing by  rounded  shoulders  simulating  lateral  carinae  into  the  vertical 
lateral  lobes,  where  each  half  of  the  prozona  is  slightly  and  independ- 
ently tumid;  median  carina  distinct  and  rather  prominent  on  the  meta- 
zona, blunt  on  the  prozona,  particularly  between  the  sulci;  front 
margin  feebly  convex,  hind  margin  rotundato  obtusangulate;  prozona 
longitudinally  subquadrate,  slightly  longer  than  the  somewhat  coarsely 
punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short  and  stout,  appressed  con- 
ical, retrorse;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  half  as  long 
again  as  broad.  Tegmina  abbreviate,  rather  broad  ovate,  subfusiform, 
apically  acuminate,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  attingent,  blackish 
fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind 
femora  rather  long  and  slender,  blackish  fuscous,  the  outer  face  more 
or  less  and  irregularly  blotched  with  dull  testaceous,  the  inferior  face 
dull  rufous,  the  whole  geniculation  and  lower  genicular  lobe  blackish; 
hind  tibiae  very  pale  dull  greenish,  minutely  flecked  with  fuscous,  the 
spines  black  almost  to  the  base,  ten  to  eleven  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate,  strongly  recurved,  the 
supraaual  plate  long  triangular,  subhastate,  the  apex  subrectangulate, 
the  lateral  margins  narrowly  elevated,  the  median  sulcus  with  its  low 
rounded  walls  shallow,  broad  at  extremities  and  narrowed  near  the 
middle,  where  the  plate  is  traversed  by  a  slight  transverse  ridge  which 
does  not  reach  the  margins;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  widely 
divergent,  slender,  tapering,  acuminate  spines  crossing  nearly  the  basal 
fourth  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  broad,  flat,  sub  vertical  laminae, 
slightly  more  compressed  at  apex  than  at  base,  lying  nearly  in  one 
plane  but  feebly  incurved  and  very  faintly  upcurved,  subequal,  well 
rounded  apically  particularly  on  the  inferior  margin,  a  little  more  than 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  falling  considerably  short  of  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate,  rather  coarsely  punctate;  subgenital  plate  small,  feebly 
subpyramidal,  the  apex  elevated  only  by  the  gradual  and  exceedingly 
slight  upward  curve  of  the  margin,  which  as  seen  from  above  is  well 
rounded  and  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.;  antennae,  6  mm.;  tegmina,  4  mm.; 
hind  femora,  9.75  mm. 

Two  males.  Rabbit  Ears  Pass,  Colorado,  at  the  height  of  about 
10,000  feet,  or  probably  1,000  feet  below  timber  line,  July  20,  0.  F. 
Baker  (0.  P.  Gillette).  Mr.  Baker  has  also  sent  me  specimens  taken 
by  him  at  Cameron  Pass  in  northern  Colorado  at  a  height  of  11,800 
feet,  and  on  Clark's  Peak,  Colorado,  at  a  height  of  11,700  feet. 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  217 

43.  MELANOPLUS  ARTEMISIAE,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIV,  tig.  8.) 

Pezolettix  artemiaiae  BRUNER!,  MS. 
Pezotettix  parabllis  McNEiLLl,  MS. 

Of  rather  small  size,  cinereo-fuscous.  Head  rather  prominent,  dull 
testaceous,  heavily  blotched  with  fuscous  if  not  wholly  infuscated, 
deepest  on  the  elevated  portions,  above  ciuereo-testaceous,  heavily 
flecked  with  fuscous  in  stripes  radiating  from  the  fastigiurn  and  in  a 
postocular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above 
the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  fully  half 
as  wide  again  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  wide  (female)  as  the  first  anten- 
nal  joint;  fastigium  rather  steeply  declivent,  sulcate;  frontal  costa  per- 
current,  equal  or  faintly  enlarging  below,  nearly  as  wide  as  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  very  feebly  sulcate  at  and  a  little  below 
the  ocellus,  punctate  above;  eyes  not  very  large  but  prominent,  espe- 
cially in  the  male,  distinctly  larger  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the 
geuae;  antennae  testaceous,  five-sixths  (male)  or  scarcely  three-fifths 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  rather  short,  subequal, 
feebly  enlarging  posteriorly,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  feeble  fuscous 
postocular  band  on  the  prozona,  the  disk  frequently  punctate  with 
fuscous,  very  broadly  convex  and  passing  by  a  rounded  shoulder, 
feebly  angulated  on  the  metazona,  into  the  anteriorly  feebly  tumid 
subvertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  percurreut,  but  blunt  on  the 
prozona,  especially  between  the  sulci  where  it  is  often  subobsolete; 
front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  rotuudato-obtusangulate,  slightly 
more  augulate  in  the  male  than  in  the  female;  prozona  transversely 
subquadrate  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female),  about  a  fifth 
longer  than  the  densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather 
short,  erect,  conico-pyramidal,  subappressed ;  interspace  between  meso- 
sternal  lobes  truncato-cuneiform,  a  little  longer  than  broad  (male)  or 
distinctly  transverse,  not  much  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Teg- 
mina  broad-ovate,  broader  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  scarcely 
shorter  than  the  pronotum,  attiugent,  the  apex  angulate.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  very  feebly  enlarged  in  the  male;  hind  femora  long  and 
slender,  sordid  flavo-testaceous,  twice  rather  narrowly  demi-cingulate 
with  fuscous  above  and  touched  with  fuscous  at  the  base,  the  genicular 
arc  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  very  pale  and  very  dull  glaucous,  with  a  fuscous 
patellar  spot,  the  spines  black  on  the  apical  half,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely 
nine,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
barely  clavate,  scarcely  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with 
straight  or  nearly  straight  sides,  acutangulate  apex,  the  surface  nearly 
plane,  rising  rnesially  and  basally  into  a  pair  of  high,  sharp,  feebly 
convergent  ridges,  inclosing  a  very  deep  and  tapering  median  sulcus 
which  covers  two-thirds  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of 
distant  minute  denticulations  overlying  the  subinedian  ridges  of  the 


218  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

supraanal  plate;  cerci  moderately  stout,  nearly  equal  in  width  through- 
out-, the  basal  half  exteriorly  tumid,  the  apical  half  roundly  bent 
inward  and  exteriorly  broadly  sulcate,  the  apex  well  rounded  and 
nearly  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgeriital  plate  small, 
feebly  subpyramidal,  the  margin  as  seen  from  above  acutely  bent 
apically  and  feebly  tuberculate  by  its  slight  apical  elevation. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  21  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  7.5 
mto.,  female,  5.75  mm. ;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  3.5  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  9  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Four  males,  10  females.  Salmon  City,  Lemhi  County,  Idaho,  August 
(U.S.N.M.— Biley  collection;  L.  Bruner;  S.  H.  Scudder). 

44.  MELANOPLUS  MANCUS. 
(Plate  XIV,  fig.  9.) 

Pezoieitix  manca  SMITH!,  Proc.  Portl.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1868),  p.  149.— THOMAS, 

Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  149.— SCUDDER!,  Hitchc.,  Rep.  Geol. 

N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p.  374.— GIRARD,  Trait6  d'Eut.,  II  (1879),  p.  246.— BRUNER,  Rep. 

U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.—  FERNALD,  Orth.  N.  E.  (1888),  pp.  29,  30; 

Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  pp.  113,  114.— McNKiLL,  Psyche, 

VI  (1891),  p.  77.— MORSE,  ibid.,  VII  (1894),  p.  106. 
Poclisma  manca  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  V  (1871),  p.  72. 

Of  rather  small  size,  blackish  fuscous  above,  the  abdomen  and  legs 
more  or  less  ferruginous,  below  light  castaneous.  Head  not  prominent, 
the  lace  and  genae  testaceous,  feebly  olivaceous,  and  sometimes  faintly 
clouded  with  fuscous,  the  summit  blackish  fuscous  with  a  distinct  and 
broad  piceous  postocular  baud;  vertex  gently  convex,  scarcely  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  half  as  broad 
again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fas- 
tigium  rather  steeply  declivent,  rather  (male)  or  very  (female)  shallowly 
sulcate;  frontal  costa  subequal,  a  little  contracted  narrowly  at  summit, 
especially  in  the  male,  slightly  narrower  than  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  fading  just  before  the  clypeus,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below 
the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  rather  promi- 
nent, particularly  in  the  male,  distinctly  longer  than  the  iufraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  dark  castaneous,  apically  infuscated, 
less  than  three  fourths  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  rather  short,  feebly  enlarging  posteriorly 
but  more  rapidly  on  the  inetazona,  the  upper  portion  of  the  lateral 
lobes  occupied  by  a  broad  piceous  postocular  band,  broadening  pos- 
teriorly and  generally  weaker  on,  but  never  absent  from,  the  inetazona; 
disk  broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  broadly  rounded  shoulder  nowhere 
forming  semblance  of  lateral  carinae  into  the  inferiorly  vertical  lateral 
lobes;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  blunt,  equal,  and 
almost  subobsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate  or  subtrun- 
cate,  hind  margin  very  broadly  convex,  occasionally  subangulate,  the 
angle  exceedingly  obtuse;  prozona  slightly  longitudinal  (male)  or 
quadrate  (female),  about  a  fourth  (male)  or  a  fifth  (female)  as  long 


NO.  1124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  HELASOPLI—SC  UDDER.  219 

again  as  tbe  densely  and  finely  punctate  nietazona.  Prosterual  spine 
rather  short,  slightly  appressed  conical,  blunt,  erect,  rather  shorter 
and  stouter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  trans- 
verse, but  much  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegrnina  broad 
rounded-ovate,  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  attiugent  or  subattingent, 
feebly  subangulate  at  apex,  dark  brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  a  little  tumid  in-  the  male;  hind  femora  ferrugineo-testaceous, 
sometimes  with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  often  more  or  less  infuscated  on 
the  outer  face,  especially  next  the  carinae,  the  geniculation  infuscated, 
sometimes  almost  black;  hind  tibiae  rather  deep  red,  often  paler  next 
the  base,  with  a  feeble  and  narrow  fuscous  patellar  annulus,  the  spines 
black  almost  or  quite  to  their  base,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  very  feebly  clavate,  somewhat 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  long  subclypeate,  the  lateral  margins 
raised  and  slightly  contracted  mesially,  the  apex  roundly  subrectangu- 
late,  the  median  sulcus  rather  narrow,  equal,  percurrent,  the  bounding 
ridges  not  very  high,  but  moderately  sharp;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  approximate,  parallel,  slight,  cylindrical,  tapering  spines,  projecting 
over  the  submedian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate  by  no  more  than  the 
length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  rather  long  and  slender,  the 
lower  margin  nearly  straight,  tapering  in  the  proximal  half  to  about 
half  its  basal  breadth,  thereafter  subequal,  a  little  incurved  and  faintly 
twisted,  scarcely  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  well  rounded 
at  tip;  subgenital  plate  pyramidal,  a  little  elongate  and  at  tip  sub- 
tuberculate,  the  margins  in  one  plane,  as  seen  from  above  with  a  para- 
bolic curve,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
6.25  mm.,  female,  7.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3.25  mm.,  female,  4.25  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  8.75  mm.,  female,  11  mm. 

Eighty-six  males,  103  females.  Speckled  Mountain,  Stoneham, 
Oxford  County, Maine,  August  15,  S.  I.  Smith;  the  same,  August  18, 
A.  P.  Morse  (A.  P.  Morse;  Museum  Comparative  Zoology;  S.  U.  Scud- 
der);  Mount  Sargent,  Mount  Desert  Island,  Maine,  August;  Kearsarge 
Mountain,  North  Conway,  Carroll  County,  New  Hampshire,  2,000  to 
3,251  feet,  September  4  (A.  P.  Morse).  It  has  also  been  repoited  by 
McNeill  from  Running  Lake,  Illinois. 

45.  MELANOPLUS  CANCRI,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIV,  fig.  10.) 

Of  small  size,  testaceous.  Head  not  prominent,  uniformly  testaceous, 
except  in  being  darker  above  along  the  middle  line  in  the  male,  and 
with  a  narrow  postocular  black  stripe;  vertex  gently  tumid,  scarcely 
elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  hardly 
as  wide  as  (male)  or  scarcely  half  as  wide  again  as  (female)  the  first 
antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  narrowly  sulcate,  at  least 


220  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

in  the  male,  broadening  a  little  anteriorly;  frontal  costa  faintly  wider 
than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal,  fading  just  before  the 
clypeus,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  above;  eyes 
rather  large  and  rather  prominent,  particularly  in  the  male,  half  as 
long  again  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae ;  antennae  ( ?).  Prono- 
tum  feebly  enlarging  on  the  rnetazona,  the  lateral  lobes  with  only 
broken  signs  of  a  postocular  dark  band  on  the  prozona,  the  disk  very 
broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  distinct  rounded  angle,  forming  a  feeble 
lateral  carina. into  the  rounded  subvertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina 
distinct  but  slight  on  the  metazona,  subobsolete  or  obsolete  on  the  pro- 
zona; front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  strongly  obtusangulate; 
prozona  feebly  transverse,  but  lifctle  longer  than  the  densely  and  not 
very  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  rather 
slender,  at  least  in  the  male,  conical,  erect;  interspace  between  meso- 
sternal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female). 
Tegniina  as  long  as  or  slightly  longer  than  the  pronotum,  ovate,  moder- 
ately broad,  attingent  or  overlapping,  apically  acuminate.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  a  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  not  very  long, 
somewhat  compressed,  uniform  light  testaceous,  with  fuscous  genicular 
arc;  hind  tibiae  light  testaceous,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black,  nine 
to  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
hardly  clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  triangular,  with 
acutangtilate  apex,  the  surface  nearly  plane,  except  that  it  sweeps  up  to 
the  sharp,  elevated,  and  apically  united  subinedian  ridges  inclosing  a 
very  narrow  and  deep  median  sulcus,  which  crosses  two- thirds  of  the 
plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  small,  triangular 
denticulations,  no  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment,  overlying  the 
ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  small,  sub  falciform,  tapering  to  two- 
thirds  the  basal  width  on  proximal  half,  beyond  equal,  bent  a  little 
inward  and  curved  upward,  exteriorly  sulcate,  apically  rounded,  much 
shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  feebly  sub- 
conical,  projecting  slightly,  the  apical  margin  rising  very  feebly  to  an 
obscure  apical  tubercle,  and  as  seen  from  above  with  a  parabolic  curve, 
entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  20  mm. ;  tegmina,  male,  3.5  mm., 
female,  5.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  female,  12  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Cape  St.  Lucas,  Lower  California,  J.  Xantus. 
The  single  pair  are  somewhat  broken  and  have  been  bleached  in  alcohol, 
so  that  the  colors  of  the  above  description  will  have  to  be  revised  with 
fresh  material. 

12.  DAWSOKI  SERIES. 

This  group  is  composed  of  rather  heterogeneous  material  if  the  ma- 
cropterous  forms  alone  are  considered,  and  is  even  more  loosely  com- 
pacted when  the  brachypterous  species  are  mingled  with  them.  In 
size  they  range  from  rather  small  to  medium.  A  single  species  is 
dimorphic,  being  both  brachypterous  and  macropterous, 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEB.  221 


The  prozona  is  quadrate  or  subquadrate  in  the  male,  but  in  some 
brachypterous  forms  longitudinal.  The  interspace  between  the  meso- 
sternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  is  always  longer  than  broad  and  sometimes 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The  tegmina  are  either  fully  devel 
oped  or  slightly  abbreviate  so  as  not  to  surpass  the  hind  femora,  or 
else  they  are  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  and  then  apically  rounded  or 
very  bluntly  subacuminate,  generally  slightly  maculate.  The  hind 
tibiae  vary  in  color,  and  have  from  nine  to  thirteen  spines  in  the  outer 
series. 

The  supraanal  plate  of  the  male  is  generally  as  in  the  femur-rubrum 
series,  but  the  apical  third  or  more  is  frequently  depressed.  The  fur- 
cula  is  very  variable,  being  either  as  in  the  devastator  series,  but  gen- 
erally  rather  shorter,  or  reduced  to  distant  slight  dentations  or  to 
rounded  partially  projecting  lobes.  The  cerci  are  generally  symmetric- 
ally rounded  at  tip  and  otherwise  as  in  the  femur-rubrum  series,  or 
with  very  slight  difference  in  breadth  basally  and  apically,  usually 
rather  short,  and  in  one  instance  bent  abruptly  inward  at  less  than  a 
right  angle.  The  subgenital  plate  is  usually  broad  throughout,  the 
apical  margin  well  rounded  and  slightly  elevated  but  not  emarginate? 
but  sometimes  it  is  rather  narrow  throughout  and  not  apically  elevated. 

The  species  of  this  group,  seven  in  number,  are  divided  unequally 
between  macropterous  and  brachypterous  forms,  one  species  being  di- 
morphic, four  others  brachypterous,  and  two  macropterous.  They 
occur  almost  wholly  in  the  great  interior  region  between  the  Mississippi 
River  and  the  Eocky  Mountains,  and  extend  from  Alberta  and  Assini- 
boia  to  central  Mexico.  No  species  are  known  from  the  Pacific  Coast 
and  only  one  east  of  the  Mississippi,  in  Georgia  and  North  Carolina. 

46.  MELANOPLUS  REFLEXUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XV,  fig.  1. ) 

Dull  ferruginous  brown,  lutesceut  below  and  on  abdomen.  Head 
luteo- testaceous,  more  or  less  marmorate  with  light  fuscous,  fusco-ferrug- 
inous  above,  with  a  broad  postocular  piceous  patch ;  vertex  very  gently 
tumid,  not  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  rather  broad,  much  broader  than,  in  the  female  twice  as  broad  as, 
the  first  antennal  joint;  fasti gium  rather  rapidly  declivent,  very  feebly 
and  broadly  sulcate  in  the  male,  nearly  plane  in  the  female;  frontal  costa 
broad,  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  slightly  contracted  above,  at  least 
in  the  male,  almost  (female)  or  fully  (male)  as  broad  as  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  feebly  and  narrowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocel- 
lus, punctate  throughout  but  nowhere  seriately ;  eyes  moderately  large, 
not  prominent,  a  little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae; 
antennae  ferruginous,  in  the  female  less  than  two-thirds  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Pronotum  short,  subequal,  very  faintly  and  uniformly 
enlarging  posteriorly,  rather  full  than  contracted  in  the  middle,  very 


222  PEOCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

feebly  tectate  above,  passing  by  a  well-rounded  angle  into  the  inferiorly 
vertical  lateral  lobes,  ferruginous  brown  above,  fading  out  on  the  meta- 
zona  into  ferruginous,  luteo-testaceous  below ;  front  margin  subtrun- 
cate,  hind  margin  broadly  convex;  median  carina  percurrent,  slight, 
the  transverse  sulci  of  the  prozona  slight  and  not  cutting  the  median 
carina;  prozona  longitudinal,  very  sparsely  and  feebly  punctate,  about 
a  third  longer  than  the  finely  and  densely  punctate  metazona.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  short,  appressed  cylindrical,  blunt,  strongly  retrorse; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad 
(male)  or  subquadrate  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  subattiugent 
(male)  or  subapproxiinate  (female).  Teginina  broad  oval,  shorter  than 
the  pronotum,  very  broadly  rounded  apically,  overlapping,  wood-brown, 
with  a  basal  blackish  fuscous  cloud  in  the  costal  area.  Femora  luteo- 
ferruginous,  the  fore  pair  feebly  tumid  in  the  male,  the  hind  pair  dull 
ferruginous  on  the  upper  face,  feebly  and  irregularly  blotched  or  freck- 
led with  light  fuscous  on  the  outer  and  inner  faces,  flavous  or  vinous 
beneath,  the  genicular  arc  and  most  of  the  geniculation  black;  hind 
tibiae  glaucous-green,  the  spines  black  with  pallid  bases,  ten  in  num- 
ber in  the  outer  series.  Thoracic  pleura  piceous,  with  the  front  face  of 
the  mesothoracic  episterna  and  the  ridge  of  the  metathoracic  epimera 
luteo-testaceous.  Abdomen  testaceous,  with  the  sides,  especially  of 
basal  segments,  piceous  or  blackish  fuliginous;  extremity  in  the  male 
clavate,  well  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  broad  triangular,  the  apex 
rectangulate  but  compressed  so  that  the  sides  are  sinuate,  the  lateral 
halves  very  broadly  and  very  shallowly  sulcate,  the  median  sulciis 
broad  at  base,  narrowing  as  far  as  the  middle  and  thereafter  narrow 
and  percurrent,  its  lateral  walls  sharp  and  high  only  in  the  basal  por- 
tion; furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  lobate  distant  expansions  of  the 
middle  of  the  last  dorsal  segment,  resting  upon  the  outer  side  of  the 
base  of  the  marginal  ridges  of  the  median  sulcus  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  cerci  moderately  broad,  straight,  slightly  tapering,  flat  on  the 
external  face,  which  is  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the  median 
breadth,  then  abruptly  recurved  inward,  leaving  a  ragged,  concave  ter- 
minal edge,  the  reversed  flange  a  little  longer  than  broad,  apically 
rounded,  deeply  excavated,  pressing  against  the  compressed  portion  of 
the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  considerably  longer  than 
broad,  not  prolonged,  of  equal  width  throughout,  except  for  a  feeble 
apical  elevation,  forming  a  small  blunt  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.75  mm.,  female,  21.5  mm.;  antennae,  female, 
7.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4  mm.,  female,  4.75  mm.;  hind  femora,  male, 
10.25  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm. 

One  male,  one  female.  Ciudad  del  Maiz,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico, 
E.  Palmer. 

The  character  of  the  cerci  with  their  reversed  apex  distinguishes  this 
species  at  a  glance  from  all  other  Melauopli. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  223 

47.  MELANOPLUS   MERIDIONALIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XV,  fig.  2.) 

Fu sco-ferruginous,  more  or  less  lutescent  beneath.  Head  not  promi- 
nent, fusco-ferruginous  above,  elsewhere  dark  olivaceous,  except  a 
piceous  postocular  band,  the  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad, 
much  broader  than,  in  the  female  fully  half  as  broad  again  as,  the  first 
antennal  joint;  fastigium  rapidly  declivent,  abruptly  broadened  in 
front,  very  shallowly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  broad,  sub- 
equal,  slightly  contracted  above  in  the  male,  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus, 
rather  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at 
and  below  the  ocellus,  densely  punctate;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  mod- 
erately prominent  in  the  male,  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of 
the  genae;  antennae  ferruginous,  slightly  infuscated  apically,  about 
three-fourths  (male)  or  nearly  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora.  Pronotum  fusco-ferruginous  above,  luteous  or  olivaceo-luteous 
on  the  lower  half  of  the  lateral  lobes,  the  upper  half  on  the  prozona 
brownish  fuscous,  deepening  below  into  piceous,  or  wholly  dull  piceous; 
subequal,  scarcely  expanding  on  the  metazona,  the  disk  broadly  con- 
vex, passing  almost  insensibly,  but  with  a  very  bluntly  rounded  angle, 
into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  the  median  carina  slight,  percurrent,  and 
similar  throughout;  transverse  sulci  feeble,  not  cutting  the  median 
carina;  prozona  very  sparsely  and  feebly  punctate,  longitudinal  (male) 
or  longitudinally  subquadrate  (female),  one-third  (male)  or  one  fourth 
(female)  longer  than  the  obscurely  and  finely  punctate  metazoua. 
Prosternal  spine  moderately  long  (male)  or  rather  short  (female), 
con ico- cylindrical,  appressed,  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  slightly  transverse 
(female).  Tegmina  broad  oval,  shorter  than  the  prouotum,  apically 
broadly  rounded  and  slightly  emarginate,  brownish  fuscous.  Hind 
femora  fusco-ferruginous,  the  upper  carinae  often  fuscous,  the  inferior 
basal  half  of  the  outer  face  often  gradually  lutesceut,  the  inferior  face 
and  base  of  inner  face  fulvous  or  roseate,  the  geuiculation,  including 
most  or  all  of  the  lower  genicular  lobe,  blackish;  hind  tibiae  glaucous, 
often  more  or  less  diffusely  infuscated  basally,  sometimes  lutescent 
apically,  clothed  with  rather  long  pile,  the  spines  black  with  pallid 
base,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  the 
male  abdomen  clavate,  much  upturned,  the  supraaual  plate  broad  tri- 
angular, with  nearly  straight,  narrowly  and  slightly  raised  lateral 
margins,  slightly  depressed  faintly  acutaugulate  tip,  and  a  short,  tri- 
angular, rather  deeply  impressed,  basal,  median  sulcus;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  rather  large,  thickened,  brief,  lobate  expansions  of 
the  last  dorsal  segment,  overlying  the  bases  of  the  apically  convergent 
ridges,  which  bound  the  median  sulcus  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci 


224  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

very  simple,  being  slightly  incurved,  but  otherwise  straight  and  sub- 
equal  laminae,  a  little  more  than  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  tapering 
feebly  for  a  short  distance  from  the  base  and  apically  expanding  in  the 
slightest  degree,  the  apical  margin  broadly  rounded;  subgenital  plate 
a  little  longer  than  broad,  a  little  prolonged  and  slightly  elevated 
apically,  the  apical  margin  angulate,  but  rounded  and  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  22  mm. ;'  antennae,  male,  7  mm., 
female,  7.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3.5  mm.,  female,  4  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  10  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

Three  males;  8  females.  Mount  Alvarez,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico, 
E.  Palmer. 

48.  MELANOPLUS  MILITARIS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XV,  fig.  3.) 

Blackish  fuscous  above  with  some  ferruginous  tints,  pallid  below. 
Head  not  prominent  or  feebly  so  in  the  male,  blackish  fuscous  above, 
sometimes  heavily  irrorate  with  testaceous,  the  rest,  except  a  rather 
narrow  postocular  piceous  band,  very  pallid  plumbeous,  sometimes  with 
a  pinkish  hue,  the  genae  more  or  less  necked  with  fuscous  posteriorly; 
vertex  gently  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  nearly  or  quite  twice  as  broad  as 
the  first  antenna!  joint,  similar  in  the  two  sexes;  fastigiurn  rapidly 
declivent,  shallowly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  only  moderately  broad,  as 
broad  as  (female)  or  slightly  narrower  than  (male)  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  subequal,  just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  slightly  sulcate 
at  and  below  the  ocellus,  rather  feebly  punctate;  eyes  not  very  large, 
rather  prominent  in  the  male,  rather  shorter  than  the  intraocular  por- 
tion of  the  genae;  antennae  fusco-luteous  or  fusco-ferrugiuous,  more 
than  three-fourths  (male)  or  less  than  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Pronotum  dull  testaceous,  very  heavily  sprinkled  with 
blackish  fuscous  above,  especially  on  the  prozona,  sometimes  so  as  to 
become  almost  wholly  blackish  fuscous,  the  metazona  ferruginous,  the 
upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  sometimes  broken,  broad,  piceous 
band,  which  fades  partially  or  completely  on  the  metazona,  the  whole 
prouotum  short,  equal  on  the  prozona,  enlarging  gradually  and  slightly 
on  the  metazona,  the  disk  very  broadly  convex  and  passing  almost 
insensibly  but  with  a  very  broadly  rounded  angle  into  the  vertical 
(male)  or  subvertical  (female)  lateral  lobes;  front  margin  truncate,  hind 
margin  broadly  convex  with  a  feeble  angulation  in  the  male;  median 
carina  feeble  on  the  metazona,  subobsolete  on  the  prozona;  transverse 
sulci  of  the  prozona  tolerably  distinct,  percurrent;  prozona  quadrate, 
about  a  fourth  longer  than  the  obscurely  punctate  metazona.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  short,  stout,  very  blunt,  conical,  erect,  in  the  female  a  little 
appressed;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long 
as  broad  (male)  or  strongly  transverse,  nearly  as  broad  as  the  lobes 


NO.  1 124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA NOP L I—SC  UDDER.  225 

(female).  Tegmina  short,  sublanceolate,  lateral,  shorter  than  the  pro- 
noturn,  the  tip  rounded,  subangulate,  brownish  fuscous,  blackish  at 
the  base  of  the  discoidal  area.  Hind  femora  pallid  testaceous,  very 
transversely  and  narrowly  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  the  inferior 
face  and  lower  half  of  interior  face  roseate  and  unbroken,  the  genieu- 
lation  black;  hind  tibiae  red,  the  spines  black  almost  or  quite  to  the 
base,  nine  to  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  sordid  pale 
testaceous,  heavily  overlaid  or  blotched  with  blackish  fuscous,  the 
extremity  in  the  male  feebly  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraanal 
plate  triangular,  with  convex  sides,  rectangular  apex,  the  mesial  region 
broadly  elevated  in  more  than  the  basal  half  and  with  a  median  closed 
sulcus  of  considerable  depth,  the  sides  of  the  plate  also  basally  elevated, 
so  that  two  lateral  valleys  are  formed  with  synclinal  sides;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  slender,  a  little  divergent,  tapering,  acuminate 
spines,  crossing  the  basal  third  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  rather 
small,  rapidly  tapering  in  the  basal  half  by  the  excision  of  the  upper 
margin  (much  more  rapidly  than  shown  in  the  figure),  beyond  subequal 
and  arcuate,  being  a  little  upturned,  narrowed  and  well  rounded 
apically,  not  at  all  incurved,  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital 
plate  small,  much  longer  than  broad,  not  at  all  produced  apically  and 
elevated  only  at  extreme  tip  and  slightly,  the  apical  margin  well 
rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
7.5  mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  3.25  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9.1  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.     Soldier,  Logan  County,  Idaho  (L.  Bruner). 

49.   MELANOPLUS    NIGRESCENS. 

(Plate  XV,  fig.  4.) 

?  Pezotettix  zimmermanni  SAUSSURE,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861  (1861),  p.  159;   Ortli. 

Nov.  Amer.,  II  (1861),  p.  9.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873), 

p.  150.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comrn.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 
?  Podlsma  zimmermanni  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mas.,  IV  (1870),  p.  718. 
Caloptenus  nigrescens  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  p.  27; 

Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  5;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  44. 
Pezotettix  nicjrescens  SCUDDER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75. 
'  Melanoplus  nigrescens  SCUDDER,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  84. — BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S. 

Eiit.  Coram.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  61. 

Dull  wood-brown,  the  sides  and  tegmina  marked  with  black.  Anten- 
nae reddish  brown,  a  little  infuscated  at  the  tip;  front  of  head  more  or 
less  infuscated,  the  upper  border  of  the  eye  margined  by  a  pale  yellow- 
ish stripe,  followed  inferiorly  behind  the  eye  by  a  more  or  less  distinct, 
broad,  blackish  belt,  which  extends  upon  the  pronotum,  where  it  infus- 
cates  the  upper  third  of  the  lateral  lobes,  especially  anteriorly,  and 
deepens  to  black  next  the  lateral  carinae;  metathoracic  epimera  yellow 
ish  or  pale  yellowish  brown,  edged  on  either  side  with  black.  Aral 
Proc.  X.  M.  vol.  xx 15 


226  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

field  of  tegmina  testaceous,  the  remainder  black,  the  extreme  tip  testa- 
ceous. Fore  and  middle  legs  dull  fusco-testaceous ;  hind  femora  yellow, 
more  or  less  tinged  with  brownish,  with  a  broad  black  band  on  either 
side  of  the  middle,  whose  edges  follow  the  impressed  lines,  the  basal 
one  sending  a  median  shoot  to  the  base;  hind  tibiae  vinous  red,  a  little 
infuscated  at  the  base,  the  spines  black,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the 
outer  series. 

Vertex  gently  tumid,  a  little  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  broader  than  (female)  or  scarcely  as  broad 
as  (male)  the  basal  joint  of  the  antennae;  fastigiuin  rapidly  declivent, 
broadly  and  shallowly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  broad,  subequal,  sulcate 
throughout  excepting  just  above  the  antennae;  eyes  pretty  large,  a 
little  prominent  in  the  male,  shorter  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the 
genae;  antennae  about  as  long  as  (male)  or  two-thirds  as  long  as  (female) 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  with  equal  sides,  the  transverse  sulci 
moderate,  continuous,  nearly  straight,  the  median  carina  distinct  on 
the  metazona,  the  disk  separated  from  the  lateral  lobes  by  a  distinct 
but  bluntly  rounded  angle;  front  margin  subtruucate,  faintly  emarginate 
in  the  female,  hind  margin  very  obtusely  angulate;  prozona  longitudi- 
nal (male)  or  subquadrate  (female),  about  a  fourth  longer  than  the 
ruguloso  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  cylindrical, 
apically  tapering  but  blunt,  retrorse,  in  the  female  appressed  and 
stouter;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  half  as  long  again  as 
broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegmina  only  half  as  long  as  the 
abdomen,  longer  than  the  pronotum,  tapering,  the  inner  margin  convex, 
apically  subacumiuate;  wings  slightly  shorter.  Hind  femora  stout  and 
long.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supra- 
anal  plate  triangular,  with  convex  sides,  acutangulate  apex,  and  a 
percurrent,  not  very  deep,  median  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  slight  approximate  spines  overlying  the  ridges  bordering  the  sulcus 
of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  moderate  in  size,  compressed,  tapering 
and  straight  on  the  middle  half,  with  an  obscure  inner  superior  basal 
tubercle,  beyond  the  middle  bent  inward  and  a  little  upward,  equal, 
the  tip  squarely  truncate  with  rounded  angles;  subgenital  plate  small, 
longer  than  broad,  slightly  elevated  and  feebly  prolonged  at  apex, 
forming  a  slight  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  26.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  13 
mm.,  female,  11  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  9  mm.,  female,  9.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  16.5  mm. 

One  male,  three  females.  Georgia,  Morrison;  Smithville,  North 
Carolina,  November  22. 

It  seems  very  probable  that  this  species  is  the  Pezotettlx  zimmermanni 
of  Saussure,  described  from  the  female  only,  but  I  find  it  impossible  to 
determine  from  the  description.  If  it  should  so  prove,  of  course  the 
name  has  priority  over  the  one  here  employed. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  227 

50.   MELANOPLUS   DAWSONI. 
(Plates  I,  tig.  a;  XV,  fig.  5.) 

Pezotettix  dawsoni  SCUDDER!,  Daws.  Rep.  Geol.  Rec.  49tb  Par.  (1875),  p.  343;  Butt. 
Orth.  N.  A.  Bound.  Comrn.  (1875),  p.  3;  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— CAUL- 
FIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Out.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71;  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887), 
p.  401;  Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  13. 

Pezotettix  lellnstris  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1876),  p.  502;  Ann. 
Rep.  Geogr.  Snrv.  100th  Mer.,  1876  (1876),  p.  282;  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p. 
75.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut.  Coinm.,  Ill,  (1883),  p.  59. 

PezoteUix  abditum  DODGE!,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  113. — SCUDDER!,  Can.  Eut., 
XII  (1880),  p.  75.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Melanoplus  abditum  OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  11  (1892),  p.  118. 

Obscure  fusco  testaceous.  Head  slightly  prominent  in  the  male 
only,  olivaceo-testaceous,  iufuscated  above,  with  a  broad  piceous,  post- 
ocular  band;  vertex  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above  the  pronotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  at  least  twice  as  broad 
as  the  fii  st  antennal  joint ;  fastigiurn  steeply  declivent,  plane,  the  lateral 
margins  feebly  and  broadly  elevated ;  frontal  costa  broad,  subequal,  as 
broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  fading  out  before  reaching 
the  clypeus,  above  plane  (male)  or  feebly  convex  (female),  at  and 
below  the  ocellus  slightly  sulcate,  everywhere  punctate,  with  a  tend- 
ency above  to  a  biseriate  arrangement;  eyes  not  very  large,  not 
prominent,  scarcely  longer  than  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  ferruginous,  four-fifths  (male)  or  three  fifths  (female)  as  long 
as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal  (male)  or  distinctly  compressed 
above  anteriorly  (female),  short,  the  disk  transversely  a  little  convex 
and  passing  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded  angle,  which 
is  nevertheless  so  abrupt  as  to  form,  at  least  in  the  male,  tolerably  dis- 
tinct lateral  carinae;  lateral  lobes  lighter  colored  below  than  the  disk, 
above  on  the  prozona  a  broad,  lustrous,  dark  colored  band,  sometimes 
obsolete,  sometimes  deepening  to  piceous;  median  carina  slight,  per- 
current,  equal,  but  blunter  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  metazona;  front 
margin  feebly  convex,  with  a  slight  mesial  emargination  not  always 
distinct,  hind  margin  obtusangulate  equally  in  macropterous  and 
brachypterous  forms;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quad- 
rate or  subquadrate  (female)  a  third  to  a  fourth  longer. than  the  more 
closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  very  short  and  blunt, 
rather  stout,  somewhat  transverse;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  a  little  transverse  (female). 
Tegmina  brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less  feebly  flecked  with  fuscous 
and  either  greatly  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad  and 
subequal  nearly  to  the  well  rounded  tip  (M.  d.  completus,  Plate  I,  fig.  «), 
or  ovate-lanceolate,  apically  subacuminate,  a  little  longer  than  the 
pronotum  only  (M.  d.  tellustris};  wings  when  fully  developed  ample, 
hyaline,  with  pale  brownish  fuscous  veins,  paler  and  sometimes  wholly 
pallid  in  the  anal  area.  Fore  femora  of  male  very  feebly  enlarged; 


228  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

hind  femora  luteo-  or  ferrugineo-testaceous,  very  obliquely  and  broadly 
bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous  above  and  outside,  with  a  basal  patch 
of  the  same,  the  whole  sometimes  reduced  to  mere  clouds,  the  genicu- 
lar  arc  and  sometimes  the  whole  geniculation  blackish  fuscous ;  hind 
tibiae  wholly  red,  the  spines  black  except  at  base,  ten  to  thirteen  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  cla- 
vate,  upturned,  tbe  supraaual  plate  small,  subclypeate,  much  longer 
than  broad,  the  lateral  margins  elevated  a  little  and  broadly  on  the 
basal  half,  the  apex  subrectangulate,  a  little  rounded,  the  median 
sulcus  not  deep,  percurrent,  with  sharp  but  low  bounding  walls  in  the 
basal  half  5  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subparallel,  slender,  tapering, 
acuminate,  flattened  fingers,  seated  on  rather  tumid  bases  (forming 
part  of  the  last  dorsal  segment),  lying  outside  the  ridges  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  and  extending  about  halfway  across  it;  cerci  small  feebly 
falciform  lamellae,  tapering  on  the  basal  half  only  and  well  rounded  at 
tip,  gently  incurved  and  almost  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  infra- 
cereal  plates  large,  scarcely  longer  than  the  supiaanal  plate,  almost 
completely  concealed  by  the  recumbent  cerci;  subgenital  plate  small, 
broad  but  longer  than  broad,  subpyramidal,  being  apically  compressed, 
the  apical  margin  slightly  elevated  and  subtubercular,  entire. 

Length  of  body  (M.  cl.  telhistris),  male,  16  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.; 
antennae,  male,  7.5  mm.,  female,  6.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female, 
5.25  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male,  9  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm.  Length  of  body 
(N.  d.  completus),  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  17.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7 
inm.,  female,  6  mm.  (est.) ;  tegmina,  male,  15  mm.,  female,  16  mm. ;  hind 
femora,  male,  8.75  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Thirty-four  males,  42  females.  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta,  Canada, 
August  (L.Bruner;  U.S.N.M. — Riley collection);  Souris  Kiver,  Assini- 
boia,  G.  M.  Dawson;  Montana  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Dakota 
(same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Clifford,  Traill  County,  North  Dakota  (L. 
Bruner);  Custer,  Black  Hills,  South  Dakota,  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.— Riley 
collection);  Wyoming,  Morrison  (same);  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  August 
27,  Whitman  (same);  Red  River,  Manitoba,  R.  Kennicott;  Dallas 
County,  Iowa,  August,  J.  A.  Allen;  Jefferson,  Greene  County,  Iowa, 
July  20-24,  Allen;  Crawford  County,  and  Denison,  Crawford  County, 
Iowa,  July  10-24,  Allen ;  Nebraska,  Dodge  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection ; 
S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Lincoln,  Lancaster  County,  Nebraska, 
September  (L.  Bruner);  Fort  Robinson,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska, 
August  21,  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Colorado,  Morrison 
(same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Northern  New  Mexico,  Lieutenant  Carpenter 

Allen  found  the  species  in  Iowa  in  grass  on  prairies. 

There  are  two  very  distinct  forms  of  this  species,  differing  however 
only  in  the  length  of  the  organs  of  flight,  the  tegmina  being  abbreviated 
and  subacuminate  at  tip  in  the  form  M.  d.  tellustris  (retaining  the 
second  oldest  name  for  the  form  incapable  of  flight),  and  fully  developed, 
broad  and  ample,  greatly  surpassing  the  hind  femora  and  well  rounded 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  229 

apically  in  that  to  which  the  name  M.  d.  completus  may  be  given.  The 
latter  appears  to  be  rarer  and  has  so  far  been  found  only  in  Dakota 
and  at  Red  Kiver,  Manitoba.  We  owe  its  discovery  to  Professor 
Biuner. 

51.  MELANOPLUS  GLADSTONI,  new  species. 

(Plates  I,  fig.  6;  XV,  fig.  6.) 
Melanoplm  gladstoni  BRUNER  !,  MS. 

Very  dark  testaceous,  much  infuscated,  especially  above.  Head  not 
prominent,  luteo-castaueous,  more  or  less  clouded  or  blotched  with 
fuscous,  above  wholly  fuscous,  with  a  narrow,  posteriorly  broadening, 
testaceous  stripe,  following  the  posterior  upper  edge  of  the  eye  and 
separating  the  vertex  from  a  piceous  or  blackish  fuscous  postocular 
baud;  vertex  gently  tumid,  very  slightly  elevated  above  the  prouotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  nearly  (male)  or  fully 
(female)  twice  as  broad  as  the  basal  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  steeply 
declivent,  broadly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent, 
as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal,  percurrent  or  almost 
percurrent,  punctate  especially  laterally,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below 
the  ocellus;  eyes  moderately  large,  not  very  prominent,  anteriorly  sub- 
truncate,  a  little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  luteo-ferruginous,  gradually  and  slightly  infuscated  apically, 
about  three-fourths  (male)  or  two  thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora.  Prouotum  subequal,  feebly  enlarging  on  the  metazona,  ferru- 
gineo- testaceous,  much  infuscated  on  the  disk,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a 
broad,  more  or  less  distinct,  dark,  sometimes  piceous  band  crossing  the 
prozona  above;  disk  nearly  plane,  passing  by  a  tolerably  distinct  but 
rounded  angle  into  the  anteriorly  slightly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes; 
median  carina  slight,  percurrent,  somewhat  feebler  and  blunter  on  the 
prozona  than  on  the  metazona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin 
obtusangulate;  prozona  quadrate,  sometimes  feebly  longitudinal  in  the 
male,  scarcely  if  any  longer  than  the  closely  but  feebly  punctate  meta- 
zona. Prosternal  spine  rather  stout,  moderately  long,  appressed  conical, 
blunt,  feebly  retrorse;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  half 
as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  slightly  transverse  (female).  Teguiina 
reaching  and  sometimes  a  little  surpassing  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora, 
moderately  slender,  distinctly  tapering,  brownish  fuscous,  distinctly 
but  not  conspicuously  maculate  in  the  discoidal  area;  wings  hyaline, 
with  mostly  brownish  fuscous  veins.  Fore  femora  of  male  not  greatly 
tumid;  hind  femora  flavo-testaceous,  twice  broadly  and  very  obliquely 
banded  with  blackish  fuscous,  with  a  basal  patch  of  the  same,  all  some- 
times confluent  on  the  outer  face,  which  it  then  nearly  fills,  the  lower 
face  and  lower  half  of  inner  face  immaculate,  the  genicular  arc  black; 
hind  tibiae  faintly  valgate,  red  with  an  inconspicuous  fuscous  patellar 
spot,  the  spines  black  except  their  pallid  bases,  ten  to  twelve,  usually 
eleven,  iu  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 


230  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

clavate,  upturned,  the  supraaual  plate  rather  long  triangular,  with 
tolerably  straight  sides,  slightly  and  broadly  elevated  in  the  basal  half, 
acutangulate  apex,  the  whole  apical  half  at  a  slightly  lower  plane  than 
the  basal,  the  median  sulcus  rather  broad  and  distinct,  with  rather 
sharp  walls,  terminating  with  the  upper  shelf;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  slight,  distant,  slender  denticulations,  lying  outside  the  ridges 
of  the  supraanal  plate,  much  shorter  than  the  last  dorsal  segment; 
cerci  subequal,  punctate,  compressed  laminae,  about  four  times  as  long 
as  broad,  feebly  and  broadly  constricted  rnesially,  the  apical  portion 
scarcely  so  broad  as  the  base,  and  gently  incurved,  somewhat  sulcate, 
the  tip  well  rounded  but  subangulate  inferiorly,  reaching  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  a  little  broader  at  base  than 
at  apex,  feebly  compressed  apically  and  faintly  elevated,  the  apical 
margin  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  9  mm. ;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  16  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male, 
12  mm.,  female,  13.25  mm. 

Eighteen  males,  9  females.  Medicine  Hat,  Assiniboia,  September, 
(U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection :  L.  Bruuer);  Montana  (L.Bruner);  Gordon, 
Sheridan  County,  Nebraska  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Fort  Robin- 
son, Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  August  21,  L.  Bruuer  (same);  Custer 
County,  Colorado,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell  (same). 

Colorado  and  Nebraska  specimens  appear  to  have  the  male  cerci 
slightly  broader  apically  than  those  from  farther  north  and  may  prove 
distinct. 

52.    MELANOPLUS  PALMERI,  new  species. 
(Plate  XV,  fig.  7.) 

Grayish  or  brownish  fuscous,  darker  above  than  below.  Head  not 
prominent,  testaceous,  sometimes  ferrugineo-testaceous,  more  or  less 
flecked  with  fuscous,  which  prevails  above  and  appears  in  a  broad  post- 
ocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the  prono- 
tum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  much  broader  than 
(male)  or  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  basal  antennal  joint;  fastigiuui 
steeply  declivent,  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent, 
equal,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  percurrent,  sulcate 
at  and  below  the  ocellus,  feebly  punctate;  eyes  rather  large,  moderately 
prominent  in  the  male,  distinctly  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of 
thegeuae;  antennae  luteous  or  luteo  testaceous,  about  four-fifths  (male) 
or  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal, 
enlarging  a  very  little  posteriorly,  the  lower  half  of  the  lateral  lobes 
cleaner  and  brighter  in  color  than  the  rest,  the  prozona  with  a  more  or 
less  distinct  but  sometimes  nearly  obsolete  postocular  blackish  fuscous 
band;  disk  passing  by  a  well-rounded  angle  into  the  vertical  lateral 
lobes,  the  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona  only,  almost  wholly 
obsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  feebly 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MEL ANOPLI—SC UDDER.  231 

obtusangulate;  prozona  a  little  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female), 
generally  a  little  (male)  or  no  (female)  longer  than  the  finely  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  erect,  conico-cylindrical,  rather  long, 
bluntly  pointed,  in  the  female  slightly  compressed;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  nearly  twice  (male)  or  a  little  (female)  longer  than 
broad.  Tegmina  surpassing  considerably  the  hind  femora,  slender, 
tapering  gently  in  apical  half,  brownish  fuscous,  almost  the  whole  dis- 
coidal  area  maculate  with  fuscous  with  varying  distinctness  and  deli- 
cacy; wings  ample,  hyaline,  the  anterior  veins  and  cross  veins  fuscous. 
Fore  femora  of  male  tolerably  tumid;  hind  femora  rather  short  and 
moderately  stout  and  compressed,  dull  testaceous,  rather  broadly 
bifasciate,  at  least  above,  with  blackish  fuscous,  the  base  and  apex 
also  infuscated,  the  under  surface  a  little  warmer  in  tint;  hind  tibiae 
very  delicate  pale  green,  the  spines  black  from  a  little  before  their 
middle,  nine  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  clavate,  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  tolerably  flat, 
triangular  with  straight  sides,  acutangulate  apex,  the  median  sulcus 
percurrent,  with  low  bounding  ridges  which  die  out  apically;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  divergent,  flattened,  tapering,  acuminate  ringers, 
which  hardly  cross  the  basal  third  of  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  mod- 
erately large  and  broad,  compressed,  incurved  laminae,  a  little  more 
than  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  a  very  little  contracted  mesially,  the 
apical  portion  with  its  well-rounded  tip  more  or  less  externally  sulcate 
and  narrower  than  the  basal  portion,  reaching  nearly  to  the  tip  of  the 
supraaual  plate;  subgenital  plate  broad  but  not  so  broad  as  long, 
apically  a  little  elevated,  the  apical  margin  well  rounded,  a  little 
thickened  and  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  23  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  11.5 
mm.,  female,  10  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  13.25  mm.,  female,  15.25  mm. 

Four  males,  4  females.  Fort  Wingate,  Bernalillo  County,  New  Mexico 
(U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection);  Fort  Whipple,  Yavapai  County,  Arizona, 
E.  Palmer. 

13.  KUSTICUS  SERIES. 

This  is  a  tolerably  homogeneous  group  in  which  the  prozona  of  the 
male  varies  from  quadrate  to  distinctly  longitudinal  and  in  which  the 
mesosternal  lobes  of  the  same  sex  are  separated  by  an  interspace 
which  is  rarely  a  little  transverse,  usually  quadrate  or  subquadrate, 
and  rarely  as  much  as  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad.  The  hind 
border  of  the  pronoturn  is  usually  very  obtusangulate,  and  the  tegmina 
always  abbreviate,  usually  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum.  The 
hind  tibiae  are  usually  red,  rarely  pale  greenish,  with  usually  ten  to 
eleven  spines  in  the  outer  series,  but  sometimes  nine  or  twelve,  and  in 
one  case  only  seven  spines  may  be  found  in  the  female. 

The  male  abdomen  is  usually  more  or  less  clavate  and  recurved,  the 
supraaual  plate  triangular,  its  median  sulcus  inclosed  by  high  walls 


232  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


which  generally  terminate  beyond  the  middle;  the  furcula  is  usually 
developed  as  slight,  tapering  denticulations  only,  and  in  one  case  these 
disappear,  but  sometimes  they  are  longer  so  as  to  be  nearly  or  quite  a 
fourth  as  long  as*  the  supraanal  plate;  the  cerci  are  simple  blades  of 
moderate  breadth,  generally  a  little  arcuate,  tapering  a  little  in  the 
proximal,  subequal  in  the  distal  half  and  rounded  apically,  not  reach 
ing  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  the  subgenital  plate  is  small  ami 
the  lateral  and  apical  margins  usually  on  the  same  plane,  except  for  a 
slight  apical  elevation  or  angulation  which  may  take  the  form  of  a 
tubercle,  but  in  one  species  this  also  is  wanting. 

The  species,  mostly  of  medium  or  small  size  and  seven  in  number, 
have  a  tolerably  wide  range  in  the  western  portion  of  the  continent, 
from  Washington,  South  Dakota,  and  Michigan  to  southern  California, 
Texas,  and  Mexico;  but  with  a  single  exception  (Montana),  the  same 
district  does  not  support  two  species.  One  species  is  found  about  and 
near  the  upper  Mississippi,  a  second  along  the  eastern  border  of  the 
Eocky  Mountains  from  Montana  to  New  Mexico,  a  third  in  Montana, 
a  fourth  in  Washington,  and  the  others  respectively  in  southern  Cali- 
fornia, Texas,  and  Mexico. 

53.  MELANOPLUS  MONTANUS. 

(Plate  XV,  fig.  8.) 

Platyphyma  montana  THOMAS!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  155 
GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1874),  pi.  xvm,  fig.  11.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.> 
Ent.  Comra.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  58. 

Of  medium  size,  blackish  fuscous  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  not 
prominent,  fusco  plumbeous,  the  mouth  parts  paler,  blackish  fuscous 
above,  with  a  broad  postocular  piceousband;  vertex  somewhat  tumid, 
somewhat  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  fully  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  (female) 
as  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  deeply  (male) 
or  rather  shallowly  (female)  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  lost  before 
the  clypeus,  subequal,  rather  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  slightly  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  sulcate  at  and  for  a  brief 
distance  below  the  ocellus,  rather  heavily  punctate  throughout,  the 
larger  puncta  above  the  ocellus  arranged  biseriately  and  laterally;  eyes 
not  very  prominent  but  a  little  more  so  in  the  male  than  in  the  female, 
of  moderate  size,  as  long  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  anten 
nae  nearly  as  long  as  the  hind  femora  in  the  male.  Pronotum  subeqnal, 
feebly  expanding  posteriorly  in  the  female,  the  lower  portion  of  the 
lateral  lobes  dull  dark  testaceous  in  contrast  to  the  piceous  band  of 
the  upper  half,  which  is  not  lost  (though  obscured) on  the  metazona,  the 
disk  rather  broadly  convex,  passing  (on  the  prozona  insensibly,  on 
the  metazona  with  a  rounded  shoulder)  into  the  subvertical  lateral 
lobes;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  obsolete  on  the  prozona; 
front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  broadly  obtusangulate,  the  angle 
well  rounded;  prozona  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  transverse  (female), 


NO.  1 124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MEL  A  NO  PLI—SC  UDDER.  233 

a  little  longer  than  the  rather  feebly  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  short,  transverse,  apically  subtruucate;  interspace  between  nieso- 
sternal  lobes  a  little  transverse,  much  narrower  than  the  lobes,  alike  in 
both  sexes,  the  metastemal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or  rather  distant 
(female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  attin- 
gent,  ovato-fusiform,  broader  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  apically 
acuminate,  blackish  ferruginous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably 
tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  very  dull  brownish  testaceous,  heavily 
bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  the  premedian  fasciation  angulate  on 
the  outer  face,  the  whole  geniculatiou,  except  sometimes  the  tip  of  the 
lower  genicular  lobe  blackish,  the  inferior  face  dull  flavous;  hind  tibiae 
red,  the  extreme  base  and  a  subbasal  annulation  fuscous,  the  spines 
black  almost  to  their  very  base,  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  distinctly  clavate,  considerably  recurved, 
the  supra  anal  plate  triangular  with  slightly  convex,  basally-raised 
lateral  margins,  acutangulate  apex  and  moderately  broad  and  deep 
equal  median  sulcus  extending  over  a  little  more  than  the  basal  half  of 
the  plate,  its  bounding  ridges  sharp  and  moderately  high ;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  approximate,  slight  but  rather  coarse,  parallel 
denticulations,  shorter  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  rather  small, 
subfalcate,  being  slightly  curved  upward  but  not  incurved,  tapering 
somewhat  in  the  basal  half,  beyond  equal  and  two-thirds  as  broad  as  the 
extreme  base,  the  tip  well  rounded,  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate; 
subgenital  plate  small,  subconical,  apically  subtuberculate,  moderately 
narrow,  subequal,  the  margin  as  seen  from  above  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  26  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  9  mm. ; 
tegmina,  male,  5  mm.,  female,  5.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  9*5  mm., 
female,  11.5  mm. 

Three  males,  2  females.  Montana  (L.  Bruner;  U.S.X.M. — Eiley  col- 
lection). 

I  formerly1  gave  Thomas's  name- of  this  species  to  M.  monticola,  q.  v. 

54.    MELANOPLUS    WASHINGTONIANUS. 

(Plate  XV,  fig.  9.) 
Pezotettix  icashingtonianus  BRUNER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XVII,  1885,  pp.  14-15. 

Of  medium  size,  rather  stout-bodied,  brownish  fuscous  tinged  with 
ferruginous,  flavo  testaceous  beneath.  Head  not  prominent,  fusco- 
testaceous  with  a  feeble  olivaceous  tinge,  brownish  fuscous  above,  some- 
times blotched  with  testaceous,  with  a  broad  postocular  piceous  band; 
vi-rtex  gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated  above  the  pronoturn,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  nearly  (male)  or  fully  (female)  twice  as  broad 
as  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  deeply  (male)  or 
moderately  (female)  and  broadly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  failing  to  reach 
the  clypeus,  subequal  but  slightly  contracted  above,  especially  in  the 


'Appalacliia,  I,  263. 


234  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


male,  a  little  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at 
and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout  like  the  rest  of  the  face 
and  genae;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  only  moderately  prominent  even  in 
the  male,  scarcely  longer  than  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  castaueous  becoming  slightly  infuscated  apically,  consider- 
ably more  (male)  or  slightly  less  (female)  than  two  thirds  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  faintly  enlarging  posteriorly, 
especially  in  the  female,  the  prozoua  with  a  broad  postocular  piceous 
band,  beneath  which  the  lateral  lobes  are  dull  navo-testaceous,  the 
disk  broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  broadly  rounded  angulation  nowhere 
forming  lateral  carinae  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina 
distinct  but  very  low  on  the  metazona,  subobsolete  on  the  prozona 
except  at  the  extreme  front  j  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtus- 
angulate;  prozona  quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  feebly 
transverse  (female),  a  little  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the 
ruguloso-punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  large, 
stout,  appressed  conical,  very  blunt,  slightly  retrorse;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  subquadrate,  a  little  longer  than  broad 
(male)  or  transverse,  but  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina 
abbreviate,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  overlapping,  broad  sub- 
ovate,  the  costal  margin  convex,  the  apex  acuminate,  brownish  fus- 
cous, minutely  flecked  with  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  consid- 
erably tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  rather  robust,  testaceous,  rather 
narrowly  bifasciate  with  fuscous,  the  premedian  fasciation  angulate  on 
the  outer  face,  the  geniculation  fuscous,  the  lower  face  paleflavous; 
hind  tibiae  red,  generally  rather  pale  red,  with  an  obscure  fuscous  patel- 
lar  spot,  the  spines  black  beyond  their  base,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely 
twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a 
little  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular, 
the  apex  acutangulate,  the  median  sulcus  straight,  rather  narrow  and 
moderately  deep,  extending  over  the  basal  three  fifths  of  the  plate 
between  narrow7  and  sharp  ridges,  terminating  abruptly;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  slight  spinous  denticulations  shorter  than  the  last 
dorsal  segment,  overlying  the  base  of  the  submedian  ridges  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  cerci  small,  subfalcate,  slightly  upturned  but  other- 
wise straight  lamellae,  tapering  gently  from  the  base  nearly  or  quite  to 
the  middle,  beyond  equal,  about  two-thirds  as  broad  as  the  extreme 
base,  apically  rounded  or  subtruncate,  much  shorter  than  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  rudely  subconical,  terminating  in  a 
feeble  blunt  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  6.25  mm.,  female,  (3  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  12.25  nun. 

Four  males,  3  females.  Loon  Lake,  Colville  Valley,  Washington, 
July  23-25,  S.  Henshaw  (Museum.  Comparative  Zoology;  U.S.N.M. — 
Hi  ley  collection). 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL'I—SCUDDER.  235 

55.  MELANOPLUS  WALSHII,  new  species. 

(Plate  XV,  fig.  10.) 
Pezotettix  scudderi  WALSH  ! ,  MS. 

Kather  above  the  medium  size,  ciuereo- fuscous.  Head  not  promi- 
nent, dull  testaceous,  more  or  less  infuscated,  especially  above,  with  a 
distinct  or  obsolete  piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid, 
feebly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
almost  (male)  or  much  more  than  (female)  twice  as  broad  as  the  first 
anteimal  joint;  fastigiuin  steeply  declivent,  broadly  and  moderately 
(male)  or  very  shallowly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  hardly  reaching 
the  clypeus,  equal,  a  little  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  narrower  than 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  faintly  and  broadly  sulcate  at  and 
below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout,  but  above  particularly  in  lat- 
eral series;  eyes  not  very  large,  moderately  prominent,  particularly  in 
the  male,  the  front  margin  truncate  in  the  female,  a  little  (female)  or 
distinctly  (male)  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  testaceous,  basally  lutescent,  apically  fuscescent,  slightly 
more  than  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  hind  femora  in  the  female.  Pro- 
notum equal  except  for  a  feeble  posterior  enlargement  of  the  inetazona, 
the  sides  with  a  very  broad  piceous  postocular  band  crossing  the  pro- 
zona  and,  obscurely,  also  the  metazona  (male)  or  with  scarcely  the 
slightest  trace  of  the  same,  but  at  most  a  growing  depth  of  tint  at  the 
upper  limit  of  the  lateral  lobes  (female),  the  disk  plano-convex,  passing 
into  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  well  but  abruptly  rounded  angu- 
latiou,  forming  dull  lateral  carinae;  median  carina  distinct  but  low  on  the 
metazona,  obsolete  on  the  prozona.  except  sometimes  a  slight  appear- 
ance at  extreme  front;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  strongly 
obtusangulate;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or 
subquadrate  (female),  much  longer  than,  generally  half  or  nearly  half 
as  long  again  as,  the  ruguloso-punctate  metazona.  Prosterual  spine 
moderately  long  and  stout,  especially  in  the  female,  appressed  conical, 
not  very  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  truncato- 
cuneiform,  quadrate  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  but  narrower  than 
the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  a  little  longer  than  the  prc- 
notum,  overlapping,  with  angularly  separated  dorsal  and  lateral  fields, 
particularly  in  the  male,  ovate-lanceolate,  apically  bluntly  acuminate, 
the  costal  margin  rotundato-angulate,  cinereo  fuscous,  the  dorsal  field 
often  wholly  cinereous;  wings  briefer  than  the  tegmiua.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  not  greatly  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  testaceous 
or  luteo-testaceous,  rather  broadly  and  distinctly  bifasciate  with  fus- 
cons  or  blackish  fuscous,  sometimes  suifused  on  the  upper  face,  the 
inferior  face  pale  reddish,  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  bright 
red,  at  extreme  base  infuscated,  with  a  fuscous  patellar  spot,  followed 
beyond  by  a  broad  but  not  very  conspicuous  pallid  annulus,  the  spines 


236  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


black  beyond  the  base,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely  nine  or  twelve,  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  rather  strongly  clavate,  consider- 
ably recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  triangular,  with  feebly  elevated 
lateral  margins  and  bluntly  acutangulate  apex,  the  median  sulcns  nar- 
row, deep,  and  equal,  between  high  but  rounded  walls,  terminating  a 
little  beyond  the  middle  of  the  plate  and  leaving  the  tip  cochlearate; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute  slender  denticulations  overlying 
the  submedian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  snbequal,  tapering 
in  the  basal  fourth  only,  beyond  enlarged  to  the  slightest  degree,  gently 
incurved  throughout  but  otherwise  nearly  straight,  feebly  sulcate  exte- 
riorly at  the  rounded  apex,  falling  well  short  of  the  tip  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  narrowed  ieebly  in  the  middle  of 
eitlier  side,  the  apical  margin  gradually  and  gently  elevated,  entire, 
well  rounded  as  seen  from  above. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  female, 
10.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  7  mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  male, 
11  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

One  male,  7  females.  Michigan,  M.  Miles;  Kock  Island,  Illinois,  B. 
D.  Walsh;  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August,  J.  A.  Allen. 

This  species  was  determined  in  1805  by  the  late  B.  I).  Walsh  as  Fez. 
scudderi  Uhler,  described  from  the  same  place  but  quite  distinct.  It  is 
possible  that  the  two  sexes  here  described  belong  to  two  different  spe- 
cies, as  there  is  considerable  and  unusual  difference  between  them  in 
the  shape  of  the  eye  and  the  character  of  the  postocular  band;  but 
they  agree  so  well  otherwise,  and  show  the  same  pallid  annulus  on  the 
hind  tibiae,  that  I  regard  them  as  the  same.  If  distinct,  the  name  he:  e 
applied  should  be  given  to  the  female,  as  only  the  female  was  received 
from  Walsh.  The  male  comes  from  Michigan. 

56.  MELANOPLUS  ALTITUDINUM. 
(Plate  XVI,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettix  marshallU  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1876),  p.  502;  Ann. 

Rep.  Geogr.  Surv.  100th  Mer.,  1876  (1876),  p.  282. 
Pezotettix  altitudinum  SCUDDEK!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p.  86; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  75. 
Pezotettix  sanyuinipes  BRUNER!,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27— undesrr 

Of  medium  (male)  or  moderately  large  (female)  size,  there  being 
unusual  disparity  between  the  sexes,  blackish  griseons,  ferrugineo  testa- 
ceous beneath.  Head  not  prominent,  ferrugineo-testaceous  below,  pa>s 
ing  into  blackish  fuscous  above,  with  a  broad,  piceous  postocular  band  ; 
vertex  somewhat  tumid,  elevated  but  little  above  the  pronotum,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly  twice  (male)  or  nearly  thrice  (female) 
as  broad  as  the  first  auteuual  joint;  fastigium  not  very  steeply  derli- 
vent,  rather  deeply  (male)  or  very  shallowly  (female)  silicate;  frontal 
costa  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  equal  or  subequal,  much  narrow  -r 
than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  silicate  at  and  below  the  ocellus 
particularly  in  the  male,  punctate  throughout  like  the  rest  of  the  face 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  237 

and  geune;  eyes  not  very  large,  moderately  (female)  or  distinctly  (male) 
prominent,  scarcely  longer  (male)  or  a  little  shorter  (female)  than  the 
intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  castaneous,  apically  fus- 
cescent,  a  little  more  than  (male)  or  about  (female)  two  thirds  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  feebly  and  gradually  enlarging 
posteriorly,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad  piceons  postocular  band  con- 
fined to  the  prozona  and  sometimes  followed  beneath  by  lighter  spots, 
the  disk  piano  convex,  passing  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  dis- 
tinct but  rounded  angulation  forming  dull  lateral  carinae,  most  distinct 
on  the  posterior  section  of  the  prozona;  median  carina  distinct  and 
moderately  high  on  the  melazona,  subobsolete  on  the  prozona,  often 
obsolete  between  the  sulci;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtus- 
augulate,  the  angle  broadly  rounded  in  tl.e  female;  prozona  slightly 
longitudinal  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female), considerably  (male) 
or  not  (female)  longer  than  the  ruguloso  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  rather  short,  conical  with  a  blunt  point,  suberect;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  subquadrate  (male)  or  transverse,  as  broad  as 
the  lobes  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  approximate  (male)  or  distant 
(female).  Tegmina  somewhat  abbreviate,  attaining  about  the  middle 
of  the  hind  femora,  overlapping,  long  lanceolate,  very  roundly  acumi- 
nate at  tip,  the  dorsal  field  more  or  less  ferrugineo- testaceous,  the 
rest  blackish  griseous,  the  whole  profusely  sprinkled  with  blackish 
fuscous  spots;  wings  a  little  shorter  than  the  tegmina.  Fore  and  middle 
femora,  and  especially  the  latter,  a  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
testaceous  or  ferrugineo-testaceous,  rather  narrowly  bifasciate  with 
blackish  fuscous,  the  geniculation  fuscous,  the  lightest  region  of  the 
femora  being  a  not  very  broad,  dull  flavo  testaceous,  pregenicular 
annotation,  the  inferior  surface  and  lower  part  of  inner  surface  very 
dark  red;  hind  tibiae  dark  and  generally  bright  red,  with  a  narrow 
fuscous  patellar  annulation,  the  spines  black  almost  to  their  very  base, 
ten  to  eleven,  rarely  nine,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  tri- 
angular, the  apex  acutangulate,  the  basal  half  or  more  of  the  lateral 
mm  gins  feebly  convex  and  feebly  and  broadly  elevated,  the  median 
portion  of  the  basal  three  fifths  of  the  plate  broadly  elevated  and  pro- 
vided with  a  deep  and  equal  median  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  distant,  feeble,  blunt  denticulations,  much  shorter  than  the 
last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  slender,  and  tapering  rapidly  on  the  basal 
fourth  or  third,  mainly  by  the  excision  of  the  upper  margin,  beyond 
subequal,  gently  incurved  and  faintly  curved  upward,  apically  rounded, 
faintly  sulcate  exteriorly  at  tip,  but  failing  to  reach  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  subconical,  nearly  as  broad  as  long, 
apically  tuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8 
mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  10  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 


238  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


Thirteen  males,  16  females.  Montana  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection); 
Fort  Ellis,  Montana,  July  29-30  (same);  Englewood,  Lawrence  County, 
South  Dakota,  Haggard  (L.Bruner) ;  Ouster,  Black  Hills,  South  Dakota, 
Bruner  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Harneys  Peak,  South  Dakota, 
7,000  to  8,000  feet,  Bruner  (same);  Fort  McKinney,  Johnson  County, 
Wyoming,  July  (same);  Sheridan,  Wyoming,  August  12,  L.  Bruner; 
Poudre  Kiver,  Colorado,  June  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  south- 
ern Colorado,  June  11-20,  Lieutenant  Carpenter  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder); 
Taos  Peak,  Sangre  de  Cristo  Mountains,  New  Mexico,  13,000  feet,  Car- 
penter (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection). 

It  is  also  credited  to  Pine  Eidge,  in  the  extreme  northwestern  part 
of  Nebraska  (Bruner). 

57.  MELANOPLUS  GRACILIPES,  new  species. 

(Plate  XVI,  fig.  2.) 
Pezotettix  gracilipes  MCNEILL!,  MS. 

Vf 

Of  small  size  and  slender  form,  fusco-testaceous,  more  or  less  ferru- 
ginous. Head  not  prominent,  testaceous,  more  or  less  heavily  and  dis- 
tinctly punctate  with  fuscous,  generally  fuscous  above,  with  a  broad, 
fuscous,  postocular  band ;  vertex  feebly  tumid,  scarcely  elevated  above 
the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  narrow,  not  (male)  or 
scarcely  (female)  wider  than  the  first  an  ten  nal  joint;  fastigium  steeply 
declivent,  moderately  sulcate;  frontal  costa  fading  before  the  clypeus, 
equal  or  subequal,  as  wide  as  (female)  or  slightly  wider  than  (male)  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate 
throughout  and  more  or  less  biseriately;  eyes  moderately  large,  rather 
prominent,  much  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  testaceous,  about  four-fifths  (male)  or  one-half  (female)  as  long 
as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  faintly  enlarging  posteriorly, 
the  lower  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  testaceous,  the  upper  occupied 
by  a  piceous  postocular  stripe  which  only  crosses  the  prozona,  the  disk 
broadly  convex,  passing  into  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded 
but  abrupt  angulation,  which  forms  very  blunt  percurrent  lateral  cari- 
nae;  median  carina  distinct  but  low,  percurrent,  hardly  more  distinct 
on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  faintly  convex, 
hind  margin  subtruucate  but  faintly  augulate;  prozona  distinctly  lon- 
gitudinal (male)  or  transverse  (female),  more  than  half  as  long  again  as 
the  densely  and  very  distinctly  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
moderately  long,  erect,  appressed,  conical,  blunt;  interspace  between 
raesosternal  lobes  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  trans- 
verse, but  much  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate, 
about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  broad  ovate,  attingent,  apically  angulate. 
brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  slightly  tumid  in  the  male; 
hind  femora  long  and  slender,  dull  testaceous,  sometimes  with  a  ferru- 
ginous tinge,  more  or  less  sprinkled  with  fuscous  dots,  which  when 
most  profuse  are  collected  in  two  oblique  fasciations  seen  most  clearly 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDEE.  239 

on  the  tipper  face,  the  lower  face  pale  red,  the  geniculation  hardly 
infuscated;  hind  tibiae  pale  testaceous  with  a  faint  greenish  tinge, 
especially  upon  the  tipper  half,  often  minutely  flecked  with  fuscous,  the 
spines  pallid  at  base  and  black  at  tip,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  or  subhastate  with  acutaugu- 
late  apex,  the  lateral  margins  broadly  and  gently  elevated  on  the 
basal  half,  the  median  sulcus  percurrent,  deep  basally  and  gradually 
shallowing;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel,  approximate,  slen- 
der, acuminate  spines,  less  than  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  cerci  small,  slender,  tapering  gently  on  basal  third,  beyond 
equal,  nearly  straight  but  feebly  incurved,  well  rounded  at  tip,  much 
shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  subequal, 
a  little  longer  than  broad,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  in  the  same 
plane,  angulate  as  seen  from  above. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  18  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  7  mm., 
female,  4.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4.25  mm.,  female,  4.5  mm.;  hind  fem- 
ora, male,  9  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Three  males,  1  female.  Los  Angeles,  California,  Goquillett  (U.S.K.M. — 
Kiley  collection ;  L.  Bruner). 

58.  MELANOPLUS   GENICULATUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVI,  fig.  3.) 

Of  every  small  size,  fusco-testaceous,  the  legs  and  under  surface 
flavous.  Head  rather  prominent,  especially  in  the  male,  flavous,  more 
or  less  feebly  punctate  with  fuscous,  above  with  a  pair  of  divergent 
obscure  fuscous  stripes;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above 
the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  scarcely  (male)  or  only 
(female)  as  wide  as  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent, 
rather  deeply  sulcate,  broadening  anteriorly  to  double  the  basal  width; 
face  considerably  oblique,  the  frontal  costa  fading  j  ust  before  the  clypeus, 
equal  except  for  a  slight  contraction  above,  a  little  broader  than  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  distinctly  sulcate  throughout  excepting 
above,  feebly  and  biseriately  punctate;  eyes  large,  prominent,  much 
longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  rufo-testace- 
ous,  almost  as  long  (male)  or  a  little  more  than  two- thirds  as  long 
(female)  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal  on  the  prozona,  flar- 
ing a  little  on  the  metazona,  with  no  piceous  postocular  band,  the 
lateral  lobes  short  and  nearly  unicolorous,  the  disk  broadly  convex  and 
passing  insensibly  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  faint 
and  slight  on  the  metazona,  obsolete  on  the  prozona,  especially  in  the 
male;  front  margin  truncate  or  subtruncate,  hind  margin  truncate  and 
very  feebly  and  broadly  emarginate;  prozona  distinctly  punctate  and 
transversely  rugose,  at  least  in  the  male,  subqttadrate,  almost  twice  as 
long  as  the  densely  and  rather  heavily  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  of  moderate  size,  erect,  strongly  appressed  conical;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  quadrate  (male)  or  transverse  but  much 


240  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  much  shorter 
than  the  pronotuin,  lateral  and  widely  distant,  obovate,  twice  as  broad 
as  long,  well  rounded  apically.  Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat 
tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  uniformly  navous  witli  a  faint  greenish 
tinge,  the  entire  geniculation  and  base  of  tibiae  black;  rest  of  hind 
tibiae  greenish  yellow,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  base,  seven  (female) 
to  nine  (male)  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men scarcely  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  subtri- 
angular  with  sinuous  sides  and  rounded  subrectangulate  apex,  the 
surface  subtectate,  rising  to  the  sharp  submedian  ridges  which  inclose 
the  percurrent  but  mesially  interrupted  median  sulcus;  furcula  obso 
lete,  represented  by  mere  disk-like  thickenings  of  the  inner  portion  of 
the  divided  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  small,  moderately 
slender,  subequal,  nearly  straight  but  incurved,  apically  truncate, 
shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  very  small  and  very 
short,  of  very  unequal  breadth,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  on  the 
same  plane,  as  seen  from  above  augulate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  12.25  mm.,  female,  14.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8  mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  2.5  mm.,  female,  2  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8.75  mm.,  female,  0  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.     Mexico,  W.  S.  Blatchley. 

59.  MELANOPLUS   RUSTICUS. 

(Plate  XVI,  fig.  4.) 
Pezotettix  rusticus  STAL,  Bib.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Hancll.,  V,  Xo.  9  (1878),  p.  13. 

I  have  not  seen  this  species,  but  by  the  courtesy  of  Doctor  Aurivillius 
I  am  able  to  give  an  illustration  ot  the  male  abdominal  appendages. 
StaTs  description  is  as  follows: 

Praecedenti  [MeJ.  plebejus]  simillimus,  differt  oculis  nounihil  minoribus,  an  tennis 
longioribus,  vitta  lateral!  pronoti  percurrente,  forma  interval]!  steruorum,  lobis  geni- 
cnlaribusfemorum  posticorum  nigris,  tantum  apice  imo  pallidis  nee  nou  forma  partinm 
analium  maris.  £ ,  9  .  Long.  20  mill. 

$.  Antennae  femoribus  posticis  vix  breviores;  oculi  majusculi,  modice  convex!; 
intervallum  loborum  niesosternalium  anterius  Jobis  dimidio  angustius,  retrorsnm 
sensim  ampliatum;  lobi  rnesosternales  leviter  transversi ;  lob!  metasternales  fortiter 
appropinquati ;  abdomen  posterius  baud  vel  vix  tumescens,  apice  levissime  recurvum ; 
segmentum  dorsale  nltimum  e  medio  lobos  duos  sat  longos,  sensiiu  acuminates,  divari- 
cates, ernittens;  lamina  snpraanalis  triangularis  paullo  longior  quam  basi  latior, 
lateribus  leviter  rotundatis  instrncta,  apice  angulum  subacutum  formans,  sulco  lou- 
gitudinali  an  to  medium  distincto,  pone  medium  obsolete  instructa,  prope  latera  longi- 
tudinaliter  irapressa;  cerci  compress!,  latiusculi,  basi  sensim  nonnihil  angustati,  deiu 
ubique  aeque  lati,  posterius  extus  leviter  excavati ;  lamina  subgenitalis  brevis,  fortiter 
recurva,  sinuato-truncata,  macula  parva  apical!  uigra  notata. 

9  .  Antennae  femoribus  posticis  nonnihil  breviores;  oculi  minores;  lobi  mesoster- 
nales  transversi,  iutervallo  circiter  duplo  latiores;  intervallum  loborum  mesosternal- 
ium  utrimque  sinuatum,  prope  basin  angustius,  hinc  retrorsum  ampliatum;  lobi 
metasternales  sat  distantes." 

Patria:  Texas.     (Mus.  Holm.) 

Stal  places  this  species  in  his  fourth  division  of  the  genus  Pezotettic, 
which  he  regards  as  equivalent  to  Paroxya  Scudder,  and  which  he  defines 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  241 


merely  in  terms  of  the  abdominal  appendages  of  the  male;  it  is,  there- 
fore, not  equivalent  to  Paroxya  as  I  formerly  denned  it  and  as  I  here 
still  more  closely  distinguish  it  from  the  other  genera. 

14.  BOECKII  SERIES. 

A  homogeneous  group  in  which  the  prozona  of  the  male  is  distinctly 
longitudinal  and  from  a  third  to  a  half  longer  than  the  metazoua,  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  being  subtruncate.  The  interspace 
between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  varies  from  a  little  longer 
than  broad  to  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The  antennae  vary  considerably 
in  length,  but  generally  differ  but  little  between  the  two  sexes.  There 
is  also  little  diversity  between  the  sexes  in  the  prominence  of  the  eyes. 
The  hind  tibiae  are  dark  blue,  sometimes  purplish,  and  have  nine  to 
twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  triangular  with  acutangulate  or  rectangulate 
apex;  the  furcula  is  reduced  to  mere  projecting  points;  the  cerci  are 
broad  and  swollen  at  the  base,  taper  rapidly,  and  terminate  in  a  slen- 
der, produced,  more  or  less  curling  finger;  the  supraanal  plate  is  either 
very  narrow  as  compared  to  its  length  and  then  deeply  hollowed  apic- 
ally,  with  a  strongly  sinuate  lateral  margin,  or  it  is  only  a  little  longer 
than  broad  with  a  nearly  straight  margin,  the  apical  margin  always 
entire. 

There  are  six  species,  ranging  from  rather  small  to  a  little  above  the 
medium  size,  and  they  are  mainly  confined  to  the  Pacific  coast  from 
Washington  to  California.  But  one  of  the  species  occurs  also  as  far 
inland  as  Idaho  and  Wyoming,  and  another  is  known  from  San  Luis 
Potosi,  Mexico. 

60.  MELANOPLUS  PACIFICUS. 
(Plate  XVI,  fig.  5.) 

rezotettix  pacificm  SCUDDEK!,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Cornm.,  II  (1881),  App.,  pp.  24-25,  pi. 
xvii,  fig.  16.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Of  medium  or  slightly  less  than  medium  size,  ferrugineo-fuscous 
above,  flavo-testaceous  beneath.  Head  scarcely  prominent,  flavo-tes- 
taceous,  heavily  punctate  with  fuscous,  above  also  faintly  clouded  with 
fuscous,  with  a  broad  piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  a 
little  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
nearly  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  (female)  as 
the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigiurn  rather  steeply  declivent,  distinctly 
(male)  or  feebly  (female)  sulcate  throughout  with  weak  anterior  termi 
nation;  frontal  costa  subobsolete  below,  subequal,  but  above  slightly 
narrowed,  about  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  a  little 
sulcate  at  and  sometimes  a  short  distance  below  the  ocellus,  punctate 
throughout;  eyes  moderate  in  size,  not  very  prominent,  scarcely  more 
so  in  the'male  than  in  the  female,  a  little  longer  than  the  infraocular 
Proc.  X.  M.  vol.  xx 16 


242  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteo-testaceous,  gradually  darkening 
from  base  to  apex,  nearly  two-thirds  (male)  or  three-fifths  (female)  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  faintly  expanding  pos- 
teriorly, the  disk  ferrugineo-fuscous,  sometimes  testaceous  flecked  with 
fuscous,  gently  convex  transversely  and  passing  by  an  abrupt  but 
rounded  shoulder,  scarcely  forming  lateral  carinae,  into  the  slightly 
tumid  sub  vertical  lateral  lobes ;  these  are  flavo- testaceous  on  the  lower, 
piceous  on  the  upper  half,  the  division  line  between  the  colors  sharp, 
arcuate;  median  carina  sharp  and  distinct  on  metazona,  feeble  on 
prozona,  and  sometimes  obsolete  between  the  sulci;  front  margin  trun- 
cate, hind  margin  feebly  produced,  subtruncate;  prozona  distantly, 
coarsely,  and  shallowly  punctate,  feebly  convex  anteroposteriorly, 
longitudinal,  nearly  one-half  (male)  or  about  one-third  (female)  longer 
than  the  closely  and  rather  finely  punctate  metazoua.  Prosternal 
spine  small,  stout,  conical,  and  rather  sharply  pointed  (male)  or  blunt 
(female);  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  half  as  long  again 
as  broad  (male)  or  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  long  but  narrower  than 
the  lobes  (female);  ridge  of  metathoracic  episterna  flavous  like  the 
meso thoracic,  piceous  between.  Tegmina  abbreviate,  shorter  than  the 
pronotum,  in  the  female  scarcely  longer  than  the  prozoua,  very  broadly 
ovate,  very  broadly  rounded  apically,  attingent  or  subattingent,  brown- 
ish fuscous,  the  anal  area  often  cinereous.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
very  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  rather  stout  and  plump,  ferrugineo- 
testaceous,  sometimes  immaculate,  sometimes  obscurely  and  brokenly 
trifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous  above,  sometimes  the  whole  outer  face 
completely  infuscated  (the  carinae  sometimes  flavescent).  the  inferior 
surface  flavous  or  pale  sanguineous,  the  geniculation  feebly  infuscated; 
hind  tibiae  very  dark  glaucous  or  bronze  green,  sometimes  with  a  nar- 
row fuscous  patellar  anuulus,  the  spines  long,  pallid  on  basal,  blackish 
on  apical  half,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely  nine  or  twelve,  in  the  outer  series. 
Abdomen  flavous,  testaceous  or  ferruginous,  the  sides  marked  with 
piceous,  in  the  male  sharply  delimited  in  a  narrowing  band;  extremity 
in  the  male  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangu- 
lar, expanded  at  extreme  base,  the  apex  acutangulate,  the  lateral  mar- 
gins broadly  elevated,  the  median  sulcus  very  broad  at  base,  rapidly 
narrowing  so  that  at  and  beyond  the  middle  it  is  very  slender,  the 
arcuate  bounding  ridges  high  and  sharp ;  furcula  reduced  to  the  slightly 
projecting  inner  angles  of  the  divided  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  segment; 
cerci  strongly  compressed,  very  broad  and  rounded  on  basal  half,  with 
marginal  borders,  and  a  little  tumid  in  the  middle,  the  apical  half  sub 
cylindrical,  slender,  tapering,  pointed,  not  one-third  the  width  of  the 
base,  the  whole  not  more  than  half  as  long  again  as  broad  and  hardly 
attaining  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  much  longer 
than  broad,  with  very  convex  lateral  margins,  deeply  hollowed  and 
entire  apical  margin,  the  margins  quadrate  as  seen  from  above. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  19  mm.;  antennae,  male,  C.5 


NO .1124.  XEriSIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  243 


nun.,  female,  0.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  4  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  11.25  mm. 

Four  males,  7  females.  Siskiyou  County,  California  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection);  Edgewood,  Siskiyou  County,  California  (L.  Brunei);  Sis- 
sous,  Siskiyou  County,  Packard;  Mount  Shasta,  California  (L.  Bru- 
nei); Sbasta  County,  California,  June,  J.  Behrens  (same);  Santa  Cruz 
Mountains,  California  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  mountains  near 
Lake  Tahoe,  California,  September,  Henshaw,  Wheeler's  Expedition, 
1870. 

This  species  may  readily  be  confounded  with  the  following;  it  is  a 
little  smaller  and  somewhat  slenderer  than  M.  borckii,  and  differs  also 
in  the  points  mentioned  in  the  table. 

61.  MELANOPLUS    BORCKII. 
(Plate  XVI,  fig.  6.) 

Aeridium  (Podisma)  borcMi  STAL,  Orth.  Eug.  Res.  (1861),  p.  332. 

Podisma  borckii  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  718. 

Pezotettix  (Mdanoplus)  borcJcii  STAL,  Recens.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  79. 

Pezotettix  borckii  THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  149.— BRUNER, 

Rep.U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885),  p.  12;  Bull. 

Div.  Eiit.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  IV  (1884),  p.  58. 

Y  Of  fully  medium  size,  ferrugineo-fuscous,  dull  testaceous  beneath. 
Head  scarcely  prominent,  flavous,  often  more  or  less  clouded  with  fus- 
cous, above  always  more  or  less  brownish  fuscous,  occasionally  punctate 
or  streaked  with  black,  rarely  with  any  sign  of  a  postocular  baud; 
vertex  very  gently,  tumid,  feebly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  fully  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as 
broad  (female)  as  the  first  an tennal  joint;  fastigium  moderately  decliv- 
ent,  sulcate  throughout  but  more  feebly  in  the  female  than  in  the  male; 
frontal  costa  fading  before  the  clypeus,  equal  but  for  the  slight  narrow- 
ing above,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  slightly  sulcate 
at  and  sometimes  shortly  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout  like 
the  rest  of  the  face  and  genae ;  eyes  of  moderate  size,  feebly  tumid  and 
scarcely  more  so  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  only  a  little  longer  than 
the  infiaocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous  or  rufous,  becom- 
ing dusky  apically,  slightly  more  than  half  (male)  or  about  three-fifths 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  distinctly  enlarging 
posteriorly  especially  in  the  female,  of  nearly  uniform  color  but  becom- 
ing dull  fusco-testaceous  on  the  lower  part  of  the  lateral  lobes,  and 
sometimes,  and  especially  in  the  male,  with  a  broad,  dull  piceous,  post- 
ocular  baud  confined  to  the  prozona,  the  disk  broadly  convex  and  sep- 
arated by  a  distinct  and  tolerably  sharp  an  gulation, 'forming  rather 
distinct  lateral  carinae,  from  the  gently  tumid  but  otherwise  subvertical 
lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct,  percurrent  but  feebler  on  the  pro- 
zona,  and  feeblest  and  sometimes  subobsolete  between  the  sulci;  front 
margin  truncate  or  faintly  convex,  hind  margin  truncate  or  feebly 
rounded, rarely  subangulate;  prozona  distinctly  (male)  or  feebly  (female) 


244  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

longitudinal,  feebly  convex  antero-posteriorly,  fully  a  half  (male)  or 
about  a  third  (female)  longer  than  the  closely  and  finely  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  stout,  conical,  a  little  blunter  in  the 
female  than  in  the  male;  interspace  between  rnesosternal  lobes  longi- 
tudinally subquadrate  or  somewhat  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  trans- 
versely subquadrate  or  feebly  transverse  (female).  Pleura  marked  as 
in  J/.  pacificus.  Tegmina  a  little  or  considerably  shorter  than  the  prono- 
tum,  broad  or  very  broad  oval,  attingent  or  subattiugent,  well  rounded 
apically,  usually  half  as  long  again  as  broad  but  sometimes  little  longer 
than  broad,  especially  in  the  female,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  mid- 
dle femora  very  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  ferrugineo-fuscous, 
very  obliquely  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  the  proximal  fasciation 
usually  narrow,  the  distal  broad,  sometimes  more  or  less  suffused  on 
the  outer  face,  the  genicular  arc  black,  the  lower  surface  sanguineous, 
though  the  outer  half  is  sometimes  flavous;  hind  tibiae  very  dark 
bluish  purple,  sometimes  dull  dark  glaucous  and  then  with  a  broad, 
subbasal,  pallid  annulation,  the  spines  long,  pallid  at  base,  the  apical 
half  or  more  black,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely  nine,  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  strongly  recurved,  the 
supraaual  plate  precisely  as  in  M .  pacificus ;  furcula  as  there,  but  slightly 
more  prominent;  cerci  broad,  somewhat  rounded  and  tumid  at  base, 
in  the  middle  third  tapering  rapidly,  the  apical  third  subequal,  very 
slender,  incurved  and  a  little  arcuate  as  seen  from  the  side,  the  tip 
bluntly  pointed  and  almost  attaining  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate, 
scarcely  differing  from  the  same  parts  in  If.  pacificus ;  subgenital  plate 
as  there,  but  the  lateral  margins  rather  angulate  than  rounded  at  base. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  24.5;  antennae,  male,  6.75 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  4.5  mm.,  female,  5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Eight  males,  12  females.  California,  Kicksecker  (S.  Henshaw);  Cali- 
fornia, Behrens  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection);  Sonoma  and  Mariu  coun- 
ties, California,  Baron  Osten  Sacken ;  Sauzalito,  Mariu  County,  Cali- 
fornia, July  26,  September,  Behrens;  Santa  Cruz  Mountains,  California 
(U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett  (L. 
Bruner) ;  between  San  Luis  Obispo  and  San  Simeon  Bay,  California, 
v  E.  Palmer. 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Washington,  Montana,  Idaho,  and 
Wyoming  by  Bruner. 

62.  MELANOPLUS  TENUIPENNIS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XVI,  fig.  7.) 
yTezotettix  tenuipennis  MCNEILL!,  MS. 

Of  medium  or  rather  above  the  medium  size,  the  female  robust,  rather 
dark  testaceous.  Head  not  prominent,  testaceous,  feebly  and  sparsely 
punctate  with  fuscous,  above  sometimes  faintly  infuscated  especially 
along  the  middle,  and  with  faint  and  narrow  or  no  postocular  band; 


NO.  1124.  /,'/•: r/.svo.v  or  '////:  MLLANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  245 


vertex  gently  tumid,  but  little  elevated  above  the  pronotnm,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad 
(female)  as  the  first  anteimal  joint;  fastigium  moderately  decli vent, 
rather  shallowly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  fading 
before  the  clypeus,  snbequal,  about  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  scarcely  sulcate  (male)  or  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the 
ocellus  (female),  punctate  throughout ;  eyes  moderate  in  size,  not  very 
prominent,  only  a  little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  testaceous  or  rufo-testaceous,  more  than  two-thirds  (male)  or 
about  one-half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  distinctly 
enlarging  from  in  front  backward  particularly  in  the  female,  the  disk 
broadly  convex,  subtectiform,  passing  by  an  abrupt  angle  forming  dis- 
tinct lateral  carinae  into  the  anteriorly  feebly  tumid  vertical  lateral 
lobes,  the  lateral  carinae  faintly  marked  with  flavous  or  rufous,  followed 
beneath  at  least  on  the  prozona  with  a  narrow  bordering  of  black,  occa- 
sionally extending,  but  generally  as  a  feeble  suffusion,  over  the  upper 
half  of  the  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  percurrent,  sharp  on  the  meta- 
zona,  dull  but  distinct  on  the  prozona,  except  that  it  is  always  feebler 
and  sometimes  subobsolete  between  the  sulci;  front  margin  truncate, 
hind  margin  truncate  but  inesially  emarginate,  especially  in  the  female  j 
prozona  subequal  and  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  tapering  and 
longitudinally  subquadrate  (female),  fully  (male)  or  less  than  (female) 
half  as  long  again  as  the  closely  and  heavily  punctate  metazona.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  long,  slender,  erect,  conical  (male)  or  moderately  long, 
stout,  conical,  rather  blunt,  erect  (female)  5  interspace  between  meso- 
sternal  lobes  somewhat  variable,  being  from  half  as  long  again  to  fully 
twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  subquadrate  either  longitudinally  or 
transversely  (female).  Tegmina  much  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  dis- 
tant, lateral,  elliptical,  varying  from  hardly  more  than  half  as  long 
again  as  broad  to  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  apically  well 
rounded,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid 
in  the  male;  hind  femora  rather  stout  but  pretty  long,  testaceous, gener- 
ally with  feeble  remnants  of  bifasciation  with  fuscous,  especially  on  the 
outer  face  and  upper  half  of  inner  face,  the  lower  half  of  the  latter  with 
the  inferior  face  sanguineous,  the  genicular  arc  fuscous ;  hind  tibiae  paler 
or  darker  glaucous,  sometimes  a  little  infuscated,  the  basal  third  some- 
times with  a  postbasal  flavous  annulation,  the  spines  pallid  on  basal, 
black  on  apical  balf,  nine  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supra- 
anal  plate  triangular  with  rectangulate  apex  and  straight  sides,  the 
surface  nearly  plane,  the  median  sulcus  occupying  at  base  a  large  flat 
triangular  field  (represented  far  too  small  in  our  figure),  beyond  which 
it  continues  to  the  tip  as  a  feeble  slit;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of 
approximate,  slight,  blunt  denticulations;  cerci  broad  at  base,  tapering- 
pretty  regularly  and  somewhat  rapidly,  the  apical  third  subequal  and 
very  slender,  not  a  fourth  the  width  of  the  base,  a  little  twisted  and 


246  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

incurved,  the  tip  bluntly  angulate  below,  tbe  whole  fully  twice  as  long 
as  basal  breadth;  subgenital  plate  long  and  narrow,  narrowest  in  the 
middle,  the  lateral  margins  ampliate  and  well  rounded  at  the  base,  and 
as  a  whole  sinuate,  rising  again  at  the  apex,  the  apical  margin  as  seen 
from  behind  broadly  angulate,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  26  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  7  mm., 
female,  8  mm. ;  tegmina,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  4.75  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  10  mm.,  female,  15.5  mm. 

Three  males,  5  females.  Monterey  County,  California,  M.  E.  Curran 
(L.  Bruner);  Los  Angeles,  Calfornia,  Coquillett  (same);  Los  Angeles 
County,  California,  Koebele  (same);  San  Bernardino  County,  Califor 
nia,  August  18  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Kern  County,  Cali- 
fornia (U.S.KM.). 

As  there  is  considerable  variation  in  the  slenderness  of  the  tegmina, 
the  name  given  by  McNeill  is  not  closely  applicable. 

It  is  possible  that  the  single  female  from  Monterey  County  does  not 
belong  here,  as  it  varies  from  the  others,  as  indicated  in  part  by  the 
description,  in  having  a  subbasal  annulus  on  the  hind  tibiae,  and  has 
considerably  broader  tegmina  than  any  of  the  others  and  hardly  any 
trace  of  markings  on  the  hind  femora.  If  it  is  distinct,  it  indicates  an 
undescribed  species  of  this  same  series  very  closely  allied  to  the  present. 

63.  MELANOPLUS  MISSIONUM,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVI,  fig.  8.) 

Of  average  size,  dark,  ferrugineo-fuscous.  Head  feebly  prominent,  at 
least  in  the  male,  testaceous,  heavily  punctate  with  fuscous,  above 
blackish  fuscous,  enlivened  by  a  testaceous  stripe  following  the  margin 
of  the  eye  posteriorly,  and  separating  the  fuscous  summit  from  the  broad 
piceous  postocular  band ;  vertex  gently  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above 
the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly 
(male)  or  fully  (female)  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antennal  joint; 
fastigium  somewhat  decliveut,  throughout  distinctly  (male)  or  scarcely 
(female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent,  almost  reaching  the 
clypeus,  equal  or,  in  the  male,  sometimes  feebly  narrowed  above,  slightly 
broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at,  and  in 
the  male  below,  the  ocellus,  rather  closely  punctate  throughout  like  the 
rest  of  the  face;  eyes  moderately  large,  slightly  prominent,  much  longer 
than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the^genae;  antennae  luteo  testaceous, 
about  three-fourths  (male)  or  more  than  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  feebly  expanding  posteriorly,  the  disk 
broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  distinct  though  slight  ruga  or  rough 
angulation  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  these  lateral  carinae  marked, 
at  least  in  the  male,  by  a  slender  fiavous  stripe,  followed  beneath  on 
the  lateral  lobes  by  a  slender  (female)  or  broad  but  posteriorly  narrow- 
ing (male)  piceous  postocular  band,  mostly  or  wholly  confined  to  the 
prozona;  median  cariiia  percurreut  and  distinct,  but  duller  on  the 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  247 


prozona,  though  in  the  female,  excepting  between  the  sulci,  it  is  nearly 
as  elevated  though  not  so  sharp  as  on  the  metazona;  front  margin  sub- 
truncate,  hind  margin  produced,  but  broadly  truncate,  with  the  faintest 
possible  indication  of  eruargination ;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal 
(male)  or  longitudinally  subquadrate  (female),  very  faintly  and  sparsely 
punctate,  about  half  as  long  again  as  the  closely  and  sharply  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  conical,  rather  blunt ; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  twice  as  long  as  broad 
(male)  or  quadrate  (female.)  Tegmina  abbreviate,  much  shorter  than 
the  pronotum,  rather  distant,  obovate,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad, 
well  rounded  apically.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  only  moderately 
tumid;  hind  femora  testaceous  or  ferrugineo  testaceous,  more  or  less 
confusedly  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  the  entire  geniculation 
blackish  fuscous,  the  inner  half  of  under  surface  and  lower  half  of  inner 
surface  pale  sanguineous;  hind  tibiae  very  dark  glaucous,  almost  pur- 
plish, the  spines  pallid  in  basal,  black  in  apical  half,  nine  to  ten,  usually 
nine,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate, 
strongly  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  triangular,  with  subrectangulate 
apex  and  feebly  and  broadly  crenate  margins,  the  sharp  and  low  ridges 
bounding  the  exceptionally  shallow  and  flat  median  sulcus  forming  a 
broad  triangle  in  somewhat  less  than  the  basal  half  of  the  plate,  though 
the  sulcus  continues  as  a  delicate  incision  and  broadens  a  little  at  the 
apex;  furcula  consisting  only  of  the  rectangulate  but  projecting  inner 
corners  of  the  gradually  broadening  divided  lateral  halves  of  the  last 
dorsal  segment;  cerci  broad  at  base,  gently  tumid,  rapidly  and  regu- 
larly narrowing  in  the  basal  half,  beyond  subequal,  very  slender,  hardly 
a  fourth  as  broad  as  at  base,  incurved,  the  tip  bluntly  pointed,  the 
whole  about  twice  as  long  as  the  basal  breadth;  subgenital  plate  long 
and  narrow,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  in  nearly  the  same  plane,  but 
feebly  elevated  apically,  as  seen  from  above  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
7.5  mm.,  female,  8  mm. ;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  4  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  12.75  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.— 
Kiley  collection). 

This  species  differs  from  the  preceding  mainly  in  coloring  and  in  the 
larger  and  bulkier  female. 

64.  MELANOPLUS  FUSCIPES,  new  species. 

(Plate  XVI,  %.  !).) 
s   I'ezoteitijr  fuscipes  McNEiLL,!,  MS. 

Of  rather  small  size,  dark  ferrugineo-fuscous  with  black  markings. 
Head  feebly  prominent,  testaceous,  heavily  flecked  or  sometimes  suf- 
fused with  fuscous,  above  dark  fuscous  mesially,  separated  by  a  dull 
flavo  testaceous  stripe  bordering  the  eye  from  the  broad  piceous  post- 
ocular  band;  vertex  moderately  tumid,  elevated  somewhat  above  the 


248  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  hardly  (male)  or  fully 
(female)  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  an teimai  joint;  fastigium  not 
very  declivent,  distinctly  (male)  or  rather  feebly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal 
costa  rather  prominent,  not  reaching  the  clypeus,  subequal  but  narrowly 
and  feebly  contracted  above,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  scarcely  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes 
rather  large,  rather  prominent  in  the  male,  not  at  all  in  the  female, 
much  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteo- 
or  fulvo-testaceous,  a  little  iufuscated  apically  and  paler  at  the  base, 
nearly  four  fifths  (male)  or  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  feebly  expanding  posteriorly,  the  disk  dark  fuscous,  a  broad 
dull  flavous  or  cinereous  stripe  on  either  side,  limited  exteriorly  by  the 
lateral  carinae  and  generally  fading  or  obsolete  on  the  metazona,  leaving 
between  them  a  mesial  fuscous  stripe  no  broader  than  they,  the  lateral 
lobes  navo-testaceous  below  with  a  postocular  piceous  band,  very  broad 
and  sometimes  percurrent,  but  then  broadened  and  diffused  or  em 
browned  on  the  metazona;  disk  very  broadly  convex,  passing  almost 
insensibly  into  the  sub  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct 
and  sharp  on  the  metazona,  almost  wholly  wanting  on  the  prozona; 
front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  very  broadly  rounded  or  subtrun- 
cate,  occasionally  subangulate;  prozona  sparsely  punctate,  varying 
from  quadrate  to  distinctly  longitudinal,  the  latter  only  in  the  male,  a 
third  to  a  half  longer  than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosterual 
spine  short,  stout,  conical,  shorter  and  stouter  in  the  female  than  in  the 
malej  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  twice  or  more  than  twice 
as  long  as  broad  with  parallel  sides  (male)  or  longitudinally  subquad- 
rate  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  rotund- 
ato-ovate,  from  a  fourth  to  a  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  well  rounded 
apically,  approximate  or  subattingent,  rarely  attiugent,  brownish  fuscous 
sometimes  streaked  with  cinereous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male 
considerably  tumid;  hind  femora  moderately  slender,  flavo-testaceous, 
distinctly  and  rather  narrowly  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  the 
geniculation  blackish  fuscous,  the  inferior  face  flavous  sometimes  iufus- 
cated; hind  tibiae  pale  fusco-glaucous,  the  spines  pallid  on  basal,  black 
on  apical  half,  nine  to  eleven,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate.  very  strongly  recurved, 
the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  acutangulate  apex,  nearly  plane, 
with  a  pair  of  lateral  arcuate  blunt  incurved  ridges,  formed  of  a  plica 
tion  beginning  with  the  basal  half  of  the  lateral  margins  but  ending 
abruptly  before  the  median  line,  the  median  sulcus  very  slight  and 
slender,  percurrent;  furcula  entirely  wanting;  cerci  broad  and  slightly 
tumid  at  base,  rapidly  and  regularly  tapering  in  the  proximal  half, 
beyond  much  less  rapidly,  the  distal  half  forming  a  compressed,  sub- 
equal,  slender,  incurved  ribbon,  hardly  more  than  a  third  as  broad  as 
the  base,  the  tip  rounded  but  slightly  angulate  below,  the  whole  about 
twice  as  long  as  the  basal  breadth,  suberect;  subgenital  plate  bluntly 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  Til E  MKI.AXUPLI—  SCUDDEK.  249 

conical,  about  as  long  as  broad,  ending  in  a  slight  postmarginal  tubercle, 
the  margins  in  one  plane,  broadly  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
6.75  mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3.5  mm.,  female,  4  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9  mm.,  female,  11.25  mm. 

Six  males,  4  females.  California  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  San 
Bernardino  County,  California,  May  (same);  Los  Angeles,  California, 
Coquillett  (same);  San  Diego  County,  May  (U.S.X.M.);  between  San 
Luis  Obispo  and  San  Simeon  Bay,  California,  E.  Palmer. 

This  species  is  very  close  indeed  to  the  preceding,  but  differs  from  k 
in  lacking  the  lateral  carinaeof  the  prouotumand  the  angulations  rep- 
resenting the  furcula,  in  the  possession  of  an  apical  tubercle  to  the 
supra-anal  plate,  and  in  the  heavier  flavous  stripe  of  the  disk  of  the 
pronotum. 

The  name,  apparently  chosen  from  the  color  of  the  hirid  tibiae,  is  not 
very  closely  descriptive  of  them. 

65.  MELANOPLUS    SCITULUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVI,  fig.  10.) 

Of  small  size,  brownish  fuscous.  Head  not  prominent,  olivaceo- 
fuscous,  above  much  infuscated,  with  a  broad  piceous  postocular  band; 
vertex  very  gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  scarcely  broader  than  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as 
broad  as  (female)  the  first  antenual  joint;  fastigiuin  moderately  decliv- 
ent,  feebly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  almost  or  quite  percurrent,  equal, 
about  as  broad  as  (male)  or  slightly  narrower  than  (female)  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus  (male), 
or  distinctly  sulcate  almost  throughout  (female),  feebly  punctate;  eyes 
rather  large,  only  moderately  prominent  even  in  the  male,  considerably 
longer  than  the  mfraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteo-testa- 
ceous,  slightly  infuscated  apically,  about  three-fifths  (male)  or  but 
little  more  than  one-half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prono- 
tum very  gently  enlarging  from  in  front  backward,  varying  from  testa- 
ceo-fuscous  to  blackish  fuscous,  always  with  more  or  less  ferruginous, 
luteo-testaceous  on  the  lower  half  of  the  lateral  lobes,  with  a  broad, 
piceous,  postocular  band  either  confined  to  the  prozona  or  extending 
obscurely  and  more  widely  upon  the  metazona,  the  disk  broadly  convex, 
passing  by  an  abruptly  rounded  shoulder  into  the  inferiorly  vertical 
lateral  lobes;  median  carina  equally  distinct  and  sharp  throughout; 
front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  very  broadly  rounded,  subtruncate; 
prozona  sparsely  and  shallowly  punctate,  distinctly  longitudinal,  much 
more  than  half  as  long  again  as  the  sharply  and  closely  punctate  meta- 
zona. Prosternal  spine  appressed  subconical,  not  very  long,  trans- 
versely and  broadly  rounded  apically;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  slightly  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  transverse,  but  much  nar- 
rower than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  somewhat  shorter 


250  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


than  the  pronotuin,  attingent,  rotundato-ovate,  less  than  half  as  long 
again  as  broad,  apically  rounded,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  somewhat  rounded  in  the  male;  hind  femora  ferrugineo  fuscous 
or  flavo-fu scons,  darkest  along  the  upper  half  of  the  outer  face,  without 
fasciation,  the  under  and  inner  faces  flavous  or  pale  sanguineous,  the 
genicular  arc  blackish;  hind  tibiae  dark  glaucous,  the  spines  pallid 
in  basal,  black  in  apical  half,  nine  to  eleven,  usually  ten,  in  number 
in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  hastate  with  rectangulate  apex,  the  sur- 
face nearly  plane,  the  median  sulcus  shallow,  narrow,  and  narrowing, 
inclosed  between  low  rounded  walls,  which  unite  near  the  middle  of  the 
plate;  furcula  reduced  to  two  slight,  approximate,  blunt  denticulatious, 
overlying  the  base  of  the  just-mentioned  ridges;  cerci  broad  at  base, 
tapering  rapidly  and  subequally  so  as  to  form  long  triangular  plates, 
faintly  incurved,  apically  faintly  decuived  and  finely  acuminate  at 
tip,  the  lower  margin  faintly  concave;  subgenital  plate  small,  not  much 
longer  than  broad,  very  broadly  and  bluntly  subconical,  the  cone  form- 
ing a  feeble  and  blunt  apical  tubercle,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins 
on  the  same  plane,  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  18  mm.;  antennae,  male,  5.6 
inm.,  female,  5.5  mm. ;  tegniiua,  male  and  female,  3.25  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  9.1  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Mount  Alvarez,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  E. 
Palmer. 

This  species  is  the  most  aberrant  of  its  series. 

15.  PUER  SERIES. 

In  the  species  of  this  small  group,  the  prozona  of  the  male  (and 
generally  of  the  female)  is  longitudinal  and  nearly  twice  as  long  as 
the  metazona,  with  its  truncate  or  feebly  produced  hind  margin;  the 
median  carina  is  similar  throughout.  The  interspace  between  the 
mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  is  slightly  or  much  longer  than 
broad.  The  male  antennae  are  long  and  considerably  longer  propor- 
tionately than  those  of  the  female.  The  tegmina  are  abbreviate,  of 
about  the  length  of  the  pronotum,  obovate  and  apically  rounded. 
The  hind  tibiae  are  prevailingly  glaucous,  the  spines  ten  to  eleven, 
rarely  nine,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  of  the  male  is  triangular  or  hastate,  the  surface 
subtectate  with  a  deep  median  sulcus;  the  furcula  is  variable  in  length, 
either  reduced  to  mere  denticulations  or  developed  as  parallel  spines 
nearly  a  third  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  the  cerci  are  small  and 
styliforin  with  slight  concavity  of  the  upper  margin,  acuminate  and 
much  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  the  subgenital  plate  varies 
considerably  but  is  rather  full,  and  the  apical  margin  entire. 

Two  species  are  known,  one  very  small  from  Florida,  the  other  rather 
large  from  Texas,  and  they  are  brought  together  in  one  group  princi- 
pally fioni  their  simple  styliforin  cerci. 


JIO.IIIM.  KEriSIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCrDDER.  251 

66.  MELANOPLUS    FLABELLATUS. 
(Plate  XV IT,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettlx  Mellatus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hitit.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  82-83; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  71-72.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eiit.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 
p.  59. 

Somewhat  above  tlie  medium  size.  Head  not  prominent ;  vertex  feebly 
tumid,  barely  elevated  above  the  pvonotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  slightly  broader  than  (male)  or  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  (female) 
the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  rather  steeply  declivent,  shallow, 
broad,  subspatulate,  with  distinct  but  low  and  coarse  bounding  walls; 
frontal  costa  broad,  equal,  rather  broader  than  (male)  or  as  broad  as 
(female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  flat  throughout  or  faintly  sul. 
eate  down  the  middle  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above; 
eyes  moderately  large,  moderately  prominent,  a  little  longer  than  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  nearly  four-fifths  (male) 
or  four-sevenths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  very 
simple,  enlarging  backward  uniformly  but  slightly,  and  less  so  in  the 
male  than  in  the  female;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  gently 
aiigulato-arcuate;  median  carina  distinct,  slight,  equal,  percurreut; 
lateral  carinae  scarcely  indicated  and  on  the  metazoua  wholly  obsolete; 
whole  disk  gently  punctate,  the  prozona  more  sparsely  than  the  raeta- 
zona;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or  feebly  lon- 
gitudinal (female),  fully  (male)  or  about  (female)  half  as  long  again  as 
the  metazoua.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  appressed  conical, 
blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  half  as  long 
again  as  broad  (male)  or  transverse  but  shorter  than  the  lobes  (female). 
Tegmina  abbreviate,  a  little  shorter  than  the  prouotum,  rounded  ovate, 
half  as  long  again  as  broad,  the  apex  not  at  all  produced,  slightly  over- 
lapping at  their  inner  margins.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little 
clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  of  about 
equal  length  and  breadth,  the  apex  bluntly  pointed,  the  sides  very 
nearly  straight,  with  a  slight  transverse  median  ridge  not  reaching  the 
sides;  furcula  formed  of  two  rather  distant,  nearly  straight,  subconical 
processes,  scarcely  reaching  the  transverse  ridge;  cerci  simple,  conical, 
scarcely  curved,  tapering  more  on  the  basal  than  the  apical  half,  about 
half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  broader  than 
long,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  on  the  same  plane,  well  rounded  or 
feebly  angulate  apically,  entire,  the  lateral  margins  incurved  basally. 

The  general  color  above  is  either  a  very  pale  brownish  yellow  or  a 
brownish  griseous;  below  dirty  yellow  with  a  greenish  tinge;  antennae 
fulvous,  lutescent  basally,  darker  apically;  a  broad  blackish  fuliginous 
belt  runs  from  behind  the  eye  across  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum, 
generally  broadening  slightly  and  fading  a  little  on  the  metazona.  The 
pleura  are  marked  as  in  .17.  lexanm  and  the  tegmina  areunicolorous  and 
of  the  color  of  the  disk  of  the  pronotiun.  The  hind  femora  partake  of 


252  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


VOL.  XX. 


the  color  of  the  upper  surface  of  the  body  and  have  faint  fuscous  indi- 
cations of  bifasciation  above;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  but  at  the  base  yel- 
lowish with  a  glaucous  or  fusco-glaucous  annulation;  spines  black  with 
a  pallid  base,  usually  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  The  upper 
surface  and  sides  of  the  abdomen  are  uniform  in  fcint,  the  sides  unmarked 
by  any  black  band. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  27  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.75 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  5  mm.,  female,  6  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  10.25  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Ten  males,  21  females.  Texas,  Belfrage  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collec- 
tion); Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder). 

In  general  appearance  and  in  most  points  of  its  structure  this  species 
resembles  M.  discolor.  It  may  at  once  be  distinguished  from  it  by  the 
shape  of  the  tegmina  and  the  male  cerci  and  by  the  color  of  the  hind 
tibiae. 

67.  MELANOPLUS    PUER. 
(Plate  XVII,  fig.  2.) 

Pezotettix  puer  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  p.  87; 
(pars),  Entom.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  28.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill 
(1883),  p.  59. 

Brownish  fuscous  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  feebly  prominent, 
yellowish  brown,  heavily  mottled  with  dusky  brown  in  small  spots, 
often  deepening  (especially  above)  to  blackish  brown;  vertex  feebly 
tumid,  elevated  but  slightly  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  narrow,  not  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  broader  than 
the  first  antennal  joint ;  fastigium  very  steeply  declivent,  deeply  sulcate 
throughout;  frontal  costa  narrow,  scarcely  wider  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  equal,  percurrent,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus; 
eyes  large  and  prominent,  in  the  male  as  high  as  the  vertex,  much 
larger  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  castaneous, 
gradually  infuscated  apically,  nearly  three  fourths  (male)  or  nearly 
two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  brownish 
yellow,  more  or  less  infuscated  above,  regularly  expanding  posteriorly, 
very  slightly  in  the  male,  noticeably  in  the  female,  the  disk  feebly 
convex  transversely  and  passing  by  a  tolerably  distinct  but  smoothed 
angle  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which  in  the  male  are  marked 
with  an  exceptionally  large  piceous  spot  on  the  upper  portion  of  the 
prozona,  especially  on  the  anterior  section — a  mark  which  is  only  indi- 
cated in  the  female  in  dull  fuscous  and  is  much  broken  or  subobsolete; 
median  carina  equally  distinct  throughout;  front  and  hind  margins 
truncate,  the  latter  distinctly  emarginate  in  the  middle;  prozona  longi- 
tudinal, nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  more  finely  punctate  metazona. 
Prosternal  spine  rather  short,  erect,  lobate,  very  strongly  appressed, 
well  rounded,  the  posterior  face  flat;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  slightly  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  the 
inetasternal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Teg 


no.  1124.  REl'ISIOy  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCVDDER.  253 


mina  brownish  fuscous,  minutely  flecked  with  fuscous  in  the  interstices 
of  the  crowded  veins,  obovate,  well  rounded,  twice  as  long  as  broad, 
lateral,  widely  separated,  hardly  longer  than  the  prozona.  Legs  vari- 
able in  color  but  generally  dull  yellowish  brown,  the  hind  femora 
generally  bifasciate  with  fuscous  above  besides  the  black  geniculatiou; 
hind  tibiae  at  base  and  at  tip  dull  yellqw  mottled  with  brown,  the  rest 
purplish  glaucous,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  base,  nine  to  ten, 
usually  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men hardly  clavate,  not  at  all  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular 
with  slightly  convex  sides  and  acutaugulate  apex,  tectate  but  with 
elevated  lateral  margins  forming  large  lateral  sulci,  the  median  sulcus 
deep,  tapering,  crossing  the  basal  half  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting 
of  a  pair  of  minute  pointed  projections  overlying  the  submedian  ridges 
of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  slight,  styliform,  slender  beyond  the 
thickened  base,  then  scarcely  tapering,  gently  incurved,  the  tip  bluntly 
pointed;  subgenital  plate  small,  subcouical,  of  equal  breadth,  some- 
what longer  than  the  apical  breadth,  with  a  slight  erect  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  16  mm.;  antennae,  male,  5.5 
mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  2.2  mm.,  female,  2.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

One  male,  4  females.  Fort  Keed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  April  8-10, 
J.  H.  Comstock;  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida,  November, 
Maynard  (S.  Henshaw). 

This  is  the  smallest  known  species  of  Melanoplus. 

10.  INOKNATUS  SEBIES. 

The  prozoua  of  the  male  is  here  distinctly  longitudinal,  and  the 
interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  quadrate, 
or  feebly  longitudinal.  The  hind  margin  of  the  pronotum  is  either 
truncate  or  very  broadly  obtusangulate.  The  tegmina  are  abbreviate 
and  nearly  as  long  as  if  not  somewhat  longer  than  the  pronotuin,  some- 
times rounded  and  sometimes  subacuininate  apically.  The  hind  tibiae 
are  generally  green,  and  the  species  vary  much  in  the  number  of  spines 
in  the  outer  series,  ranging  from  nine  to  fifteen. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  triangular  and  generally  rather  flat,  the  lateral 
margins  hardly  elevated;  the  furcula  may  be  either  reduced  to  slight 
prominences  or  produced  as  delicate  spines  crossing  the  basal  fourth  of 
the  supraanal  plate;  the  cerci  again  vary  considerably,  being  either 
stout,  strongly  constricted  in  the  middle  and  widely  expanded  apically, 
or  tapering  to  a  half  or  two-thirds  the  basal  breadth  and  then  forming 
a  relatively  slender,  slightly  decurved,  compressed  finger;  the  subgeni- 
tal plate  is  narrower,  generally  considerably  narrower,  than  long,  with 
angulate,  slightly  elevated  and  tuberculate  extremity. 

The  species  are  rather  slender,  of  about  medium  size,  and  are  three 
in  number.  One  occurs  in  Mexico,  a  second  in  North  Carolina,  and  the 
third  in  Illinois  and  Indiana. 


254  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSE  I'M.  VOL.  XK. 

68.  MELANOPLUS  INORNATUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XVII,  fig.  3.) 
PezoMtix  inornatus  McNEiLi, !,  MS. 

A  little  above  medium  size,  ferrugineo-testaceous.  Head  not  prom- 
inent, ferrugineo-testaceous,  a  little  darker  above,  with  a  broad  piceous 
postocular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the 
pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  as  broad  as  (male)  or  fully 
half  as  broad  again  as  (female)  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium 
steeply  declivent,  faintly  and  broadly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  nearly  per 
current,  equal,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sul. 
cate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  moderately 
large,  slightly  prominent  in  the  male,  only  a  little  longer  than  the 
infraocular  portion  ofthegeuae;  antennae  testaceous,  a  little  infuscated 
apically,  about  three-fourths  (male)  or  five-sevenths  (female)  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal  but  ieebly  expanding  posteriorly, 
the  sides  with  a  broad,  piceous,  postocular  band  confined  to  the  prozona, 
the  disk  broadly  subtectate  and  gently  convex,  passing  by  a  tolerably 
abrupt  shoulder,  forming  tolerably  distinct  lateral  carinae  at  least  on 
the  posterior  part  of  the  prozona,  into  the  anteriorly  tumid  subvertical 
lateral  lobes;  median  carina  tolerably  distinct  and  percurrent,  sharper 
on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozona,  arid  on  the  latter  very  feebly 
arched  longitudinally;  front  margin  faintly  convex,  hind  margin  very 
obtusaugulate;  prozona  sparsely  and  very  shallowly  punctate  and 
longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or  longitudinally  subquadrate  (female), 
about  a  third  as  long  again  as  the  closely  and  not  very  deeply  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderate,  appressed  conical,  retrorse, 
stouter  in  the  fern  ale  than  in  the  male;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  somewhat  longer  than  broad  with  diverging  sides  (male)  or 
longitudinally  subquadrate  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  somewhat 
longer  than  the  prouotum,  overlapping,  ovate-lanceolate,  apically  sub- 
acuminate,  ferrugineo-fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  only  a  very 
little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  rather  slender,  compressed,  tes- 
taceous with  a  ferruginous  tinge,  growing  flavescent  interiorly,  the  gen  - 
iculatioh  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  rufo-testaceous,  the  spines  black  on  the 
apical  half,  eleven  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate 
triangular  with  acutangulate  apex,  the  margins  not  elevated,  a  trans- 
verse, percurrent,  median  plica,  and  a  median  sulcus  which  is  triangular 
on  the  basal  half,  slender  in  the  apical  half,  and  crosses  two-thirds  of 
the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  the  feebly  projecting  lobular  expan- 
sions of  the  inner  extremities  of  the  divided  lateral  halves  of  the  last 
dorsal  segment;  cerci  rather  large  and  clepsydral,  strongly  contracted 
before  the  middle,  the  basal  portion  tapering  but  slightly,  while  the 
larger  apical  portion  expands  greatly,  especially  above,  the  rounded  tip 


/?/-:r/.s7o.v  or  Tin:  MK/.jxopLi—ficrniH':/!.  255 


thus  reaching  the  extremity  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate 
small,  moderately  broad  but  much  narrower  than  long,  the  apical  por- 
tion a  little  elevated  and  tumid,  subtuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  29  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  9  mm. 
(est.),  female,  10  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  7.r>  mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.75  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

One  male,  2  females.  Locality  unknown  (J.  McNeill);  Moutelovez, 
Cohahuila,  Mexico,  September  20,  E.  Palmer. 

All  the  specimens  seen  have  been  immersed  in  alcohol,  which  may 
have  somewhat  affected  their  colors. 

69.  MELANOPLUS  VIRIDIPES,  new  species. 

*> 

(Plate  XVII,  fig.  4.) 

I't-oti'ttix  i-h-idipex  WALSH!,  MS.  (1865). — BLATCHLKY,  Can.  Eat.,  XXIII  (April, 

1891),  p.  80;  ibid.,  XXIV  (1892),  p.  34— undescribed. 
PezotHUr  ririd'urns  WALSH!,  MS.  (1865). 
PezotettiK  viriduliis  [by  error  for  vir idler nx~\  McNEiLL,  Psyche,  VI  (May,  1891), 

pp.  75-76.— BLATCHLEY,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIV  (1892),  p.  34;  ibid.,  XXVI  (1894), 

p.  245 — nn described. 

Of  medium  size,  brownish  fuscous  above,  flavous  beneath;  head 
not  prominent,  dark  olivaceo-testaceous,  sometimes  plumbeous,  above 
much  infuscated,  with  abroad  piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  mod- 
erately tumid,  scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  (female) 
as  the  first  antenual  joint;  fastigium  rather  steeply  declivent,  dis- 
tinctly (male)  or  shallowly  (female)  sulcatej  frontal  costa  almost  per- 
current,  slightly  narrowed  at  upper  extremity,  especially  in  the  male, 
otherwise  equal,  about  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  moderately 
large,  rather  prominent,  particularly  in  the  male,  somewhat  longer  than 
the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  testaceous  or  rufo  testa- 
ceous, apically  infuscated,  distinctly  longer  than  (male)  or  three-fourths 
as  long  as  (female)  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  faintly 
expanding,  posteriorly,  above  ferrugineo  testaceous,  sometimes  infus- 
cated, on  the  sides  flavous  or  fl a vo- testaceous  below,  but  the  upper  por- 
tion wholly  occupied  by  a  very  broad,  percurrent,  piceous,  postocular 
band,  broadening  slightly  on  the  metazona,  the  disk  convex  and  pass- 
ing by  a  slight  shoulder  into  the  anteriorly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes; 
median  carina  distinct  though  rather  slight  on  the  metazoua  and,  in  the 
female  at  least,  on  the  front  of  the  prozona,  elsewhere  obsolete  or  sub- 
obsolete;  front  margin  faintly  convex,  and  in  the  male  with  a  scarcely 
perceptible  emargination,  hind  margin  rotundato  obtusangulate,  almost 
subtruncate;  prozona  distinctly  (male)  or  faintly  (female)  longitudinal, 
about  half  as  long  again  as  the  densely  but  not  deeply  punctate  meta- 
zona. Prosternal  spine  short  and  rather  stout,  conical;  interspace 


256  PK  O  CEE DINGS  OF  THE  NA  TIONA  L  M I  ~SE  I  'M. 


between  mesosternal  lobes  quadrate  (male)  or  very  transverse  but  nar- 
rower than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  generally  a  little 
longer  than  the  pronotum,  slightly  overlapping,  elliptical,  apically 
rounded,  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  mod- 
erately slender,  flavous,  sometimes  more  or  less  ferruginous,  obliquely 
bifasciate  with  brownish  or  blackish  fuscous,  with  a  large  blackish 
genicular  patch;  hind  tibiae  pale  green  or  glaucous,  pallid  or  pale 
flavous  at  the  base,  with  a  dusky  patellar  spot,  the  spines  black  in 
more  than  the  apical  half,  nine  to  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal 
plate  triangular  with  acutangulate  apex,  rather  flat,  the  median  sulcus 
broad,  equal,  shallow  and  percurrent,  lying  between  low  ridges  which, 
a,s  well  as  the  sulcus,  are  interrupted  inesially;  furcuhi  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  small,  distant,  triangular  denticulations;  cerci  long  and  rather 
slender,  erect  and  gently  incurved,  tapering  gradually  from  base  to 
middle,  which  is  about  two-thirds  as  broad  as  the  base,  beyond  almost 
equal  but  feebly  enlarged,  slightly  produced  inferiorly  at  the  apex,  and 
the  whole  apical  subequal  portion  feebly  decurved;  subgenital  plate 
somewhat  longer  than  broad,  subequal,  apically  elevated  slightly  and 
produced  to  a  delicate  conical  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  rnm.,  female,  21.5  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  9.5 
mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  teginina,  male,  5  mm.,  female,  5.25  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  8.5  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm. 

Twelve  males,  13  females.  Illinois,  Uhler;  Bock  Island,  Illinois, 
Walsh;  Moline,  Eock  Island  County,  Illinois,  J.  McNeill;  Ogle  County, 
Illinois,  June  20,  J.  A.  Allen;  Riviere  de  Pare,  June  14,  L.  Brnner; 
Vigo  County,  Indiana,  May  25,  June  8, 11,  Blatchley  (W.  S.  Blatchley; 
A.  P.  Morse).  A  specimen  in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum  from  Montana 
perhaps  belongs  here. 

It  has  also  been  reported  by  McNeill  from  McLean  County,  Illinois, 
and  Monroe  County,  Indiana. 

This  species  is  remarkable  for  the  length  of  the  antennae.  It  matures 
very  early,  McNeill  having  taken  it  as  early  as  June  5  in  Illinois,  where 
he  thinks  it  is  the  first  Orthopteron  to  mature  from  eggs  of  the  same 
season.  Blatchley  records  it  in  Indiana  even  as  early  as  May  11. 
McNeill  says  "it  is  by  no  means  common,  .  .  .  being  restricted  to 
a  few  localities  [about  Moline].  It  shows  a  decided  preference  for  the 
sides  of  open,  grassy  ravines."  One  specimen  before  me  is  marked  by 
Blatchley  as  found  in  woods. 

The  species  has  never  before  been  described,  but  has  been  mentioned 
by  Walsh's  names  in  several  publications;  the  specific  name  "viridu- 
lus"  used  on  one  or  two  occasions  was  a  misreading  of  Walsh's  name 
"viridicrus,"  and  probably  originally  due  to  bad  chirography  on  my 
part. 


NO.  1124.  EEVISWy  OF  THE  MELANOPL1— SCVDDEE.  257 

70.  MELANOPLUS  DECORUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVII,  fig.  5.) 

Of  medium  size,  very  slender  and  elongate,  brownish  fuscous  with 
a  ferruginous  tinge  above,  flavous  beneath.  Head  not  at  all  prominent, 
olivaceo-flavous  more  or  less  infuscated,  above  fuscous,  with  a  broad 
piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  hardly  at  all  tumid,  not  raised  above 
the  level  of  the  pronotum.  scarcely  or  not  reaching  the  level  of  the 
upper  arch  of  the  eyes,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  very  narrow, 
hardly  as  broad  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  decliveut, 
feebly  sulcate,  oblong  obpyriform;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  equal, 
scarcely  broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate 
at  and  below  the  ocellus,  faintly  punctate;  eyes  large,  very  prominent, 
nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
testaceous  at  base.  Pronotum  long,  equal,  with  a  scarcely  perceptible 
expansion  of  the  metazona,  brownish  fuscous  above,  flavous  or  flavo- 
testaceous  on  the  sides,  with  a  rather  broad,  percurrent,  piceous,  post- 
ocular  baud,  narrower  on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozona,  the  disk 
considerably  convex  and  passing  with  only  a  feeble  shoulder  into  the 
vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct,  sharp,  equal,  percurrent; 
front  margin  feebly  convex  with  the  faintest  possible  emargiuation, 
hind  margin  subtruncate;  prozona  very  longitudinal,  nearly  twice  as 
long  as  the  densely  and  sharply  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
moderate,  slender,  conico-cylindrical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  a  little  longer  than  broad.  Teginina  abbreviate, 
shorter  than  the  pronotum,  attingent  or  subattingent,  ovate,  well 
rounded  apically,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  brownish  fuscous. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
flavous,  sometimes  more  or  less  ferruginous,  the  whole  geniculation 
except  the  apical  portion  of  the  lower  lobe  black;  hind  tibiae  pale 
greenish  or  pale  glaucous,  the  spines  black  to  their  base,  fourteen  to 
fifteen  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
considerably  clavate,  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  clypeate  with 
rectangulate  tip,  raised  and  sinuate  lateral  margins,  a  narrow,  deep, 
percurrent,  median  sulcus,  the  walls  of  which  are  hardly  elevated  into 
ridges,  and  an  apical  pair  of  short,  convergent,  blunt  ridges;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  basally  attingeut,  divergent,  slender,  tapering, 
acuminate  fingers,  crossing  rather  more  than  a  fourth  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  cerci  composed  of  a  moderately  broad,  rapidly  tapering,  slightly 
tumid,  basal  portion,  about  one-third  of  the  whole,  and  a  very  slender, 
subequal,  gently  arcuate,  incurved,  and  apically  faintly  expanding  por- 
tion, hardly  more  than  a  third  as  broad  as  the  base,  inferiorly  augulate 
at  tip  and  reaching  about  to  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate;  subgenital 
plate  small,  greatly  tapering,  so  as  to  be  very  narrow  at  tip,  the  apical 
margin  considerably  elevated  to  form  a  delicate  tubercle. 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 17 


258  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  min. ;  tegmiua,  4  mm. ;  hind  femora,  9.5  mm. 

Two  males.  Dingo  Bluff',  North  Carolina,  November  15,  Parker- 
May  uard. 

In  general  appearance  this  insect  has  a  strong  resemblance  to  Jf. 
attenuatus  from  the  same  region. 

17.  FASCIATUS  SERIES. 

This  group  is  not  very  homogeneous,  comprising  forms  of  comsider- 
able  difference  in  appearance  and  structure,  but  which  have  a  number 
of  important  points  in  common.  It  is  composed  in  part  of  brachypter- 
ous  and  in  part  of  macropterous  forms.  One  species  is  dimorphic  in 
this  respect,  and  the  others,  whether  macropterous  (one  only)  or 
brachypterous  (six  in  number),  are  exceptionally  short-winged  or 
exceptionally  long- winged  for  their  type.  The  antennae  are  very  vari- 
able in  length,  being  sometimes  quite  similar,  sometimes  quite  dissimi- 
lar, in  the  two  sexes  and  varying  in  the  male  from  three-fifths  as  long 
as  the  hind  femora  to  equal  their  length,  and  in  the  female  from  one- 
half  to  four-fifths  the  length  of  the  hind  femora.  In  size  they  range 
from  very  small  to  a  little  above  the  medium. 

The  prozona  of  the  male  varies  from  quadrate  to  longitudinal  in 
both  brachypterous  and  macropterous  forms.  The  interspace  between 
the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  is  also  very  variable  in  each  set 
of  forms,  and  in  both  together  ranges  from  a  little  transverse  to  twice 
as  long  as  broad.  The  tegmina  in  the  brachypterous  forms  are  usually 
comparable  with  the  length  of  the  pronotuni  and  are  well  rounded,  but 
in  the  dimorphic  form  they  are  apically  subacuminate  and  twice  as  long- 
as  the  pronotum  (as  in  one  of  the  brachypterous  forms)  or  far  surpass 
the  hind  femora  and  are  broad  and  well  rounded  apically;  while  in  the 
single  macropterous  form  they  barely  reach  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora. 
The  hind  tibiae  are  likewise  very  variable  in  color,  sometimes  within  the 
species,  and  have  from  nine  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  spines  in  the 
outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  generally  rather  long  triangular,  and  rather 
flat,  with  but  feebly  elevated  margins,  except  in  one  instance,  where  it 
is  strongly  compressed  apically.  The  furcula  is  usually  very  feebly 
developed,  but  three  species  have  slender  fingers  extending  some  dis- 
tance over  the  supraanal  plate.  The  cerci  are  rather  large,  compressed, 
generally  incurved  laminae,  generally  of  considerable  breadth,  but  in 
one  instance  exceptionally  slender,  generally  more  or  less  constricted 
mesially,  in  two  species  greatly,  and,  with  a  single  exception,  enlarged 
again  apieally,  rounded  and  not  acuminate  (in  one  species  emarginate) 
at  tip.  The  subgenital  plate  again  varies  much,  but  is  always  longer 
than  broad,  generally  moderately  broad  and  nearly  equal  and  usually 
a  little  elevated  apically,  the  apical  margin  always  entire. 

The  eight  species  have  as  little  geographical  as  structural  relation. 
One  is  known  only  from  the  extreme  north  in  Labrador  and  Greenland  5 


NO.H24.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCFDDEH.  259 


two  from  Florida  only;  another  only  from  Oregon  and  Washington;  a 
fifth  from  Kentucky;  a  sixth  from  North  Carolina;  a  seventh  from 
Indiana,  Texas,  and,  perhaps,  Carolina;  while  the  eighth  occurs  across 
the  continent  from  Newfoundland  and  New  Jersey  in  the  east  to  Wash- 
ington in  the  west,  and  from  the  Saskatchewan  to  Colorado. 

The  most  aberrant  member  of  the  series  is  M.  lorealis.  None  of 
them  are  likely  to  be  confounded. 

71.  MELANOPLUS  ATTENUATUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVII,  fig.  6.) 

Of  medium  size  and  very  slender,  light  ferrugineo-fuscous.  Head 
rather  prominent,  flavo-testaceous,  fuscous  above,  with  a  broad  piceous 
postocular  band;  vertex  moderately  tumid,  a  little  elevated  above  the 
pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  about  as  broad  as  the  first 
antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  distinctly  but  not  deeply 
sulcate;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  subequal,  faintly  narrower  above, 
slightly  broajcler  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  faintly  depressed 
at  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout,  biseriately  above;  eyes  large,  very 
prominent,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  fusco-testaceous,  fully  four-fifths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronoturu  subequal,  faintly  expanding  on  the  metazona,  ferrugineo-tes- 
taceous  more  or  less  infuscated  above,  flavous  or  fusco-flavous  on  the 
sides,  with  a  broad,  piceous,  postocular  band  confined  to  the  pror/oua, 
the  disk  gently  convex,  passing  by  a  rather  broadly  rounded  shoulder 
into  the  anteriorly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  cariua  dis- 
tinct, percurrent,  equal ;  front  margin  feebly  convex,  hind  margin  sub- 
truncate;  prozoua  very  longitudinal,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  sharply 
and  densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  feebly 
conical,  very  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosterual  lobes  some- 
what longer  than  broad.  Tegmina  abbreviate,  a  little  shorter  than  the 
pronotum.  attingentor  subattingent,  elliptical,  broadly  rounded  apically, 
a  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  fusco-testaceous.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  slender,  light 
ferruginous,  dull  flavous  beneath,  the  genicular  arc  and  a  basal  bar  on 
the  lower  genicular  lobes  blackish  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  very  pale  green 
apically,  pale  ferrugineo-flavous  basally,  the  spines  black  nearly  to  their 
base,  twelve  to  fourteen  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  long 
triangular,  a  little  and  narrowly  compressed  just  beyond  the  base,  the 
tip  acutangulate  but  well  rounded,  the  lateral  margins  somewhat  ele- 
vated, the  median  sulcus  lying  between  sharp  but  not  high  walls  in  the 
basal  two-thirds  of  the  plate,  beyond  which  are  a  pair  of  more  distant, 
short,  subparallel,  blunt,  longitudinal  ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  very  slender,  tapering  and  acuminate,  divergent  fingers,  crossing 
scarcely  the  basal  fourth  of  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  very  slender  and 


260  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

elongate,  apically  strongly  incurved  fingers,  tapering  uniformly  to  the 
middle  so  as  to  be  there  less  tban  half  as  broad  as  at  base,  then  slightly 
enlarging  to  form  an  apical  rounded  lobe  a  little  more  than  half  as 
broad  as  the  base,  expanding  below  more  than  above,  the  apical  mar- 
gin rounded  but  sometimes  feebly  emarginate  so  as  to  appear  faintly 
bifid;  subgenital  plate  rather  small  and  very  narrow,  narrowing  api- 
cally, the  apical  margin  well  rounded,  faintly  and  broadly  tuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19.5  mm.;  antennae,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  4.25 
mm.;  hind  femora,  11  mm. 

Three  males.  Smithville,  Brunswick  County,  North  Carolina,  Novem- 
ber 22,  Maynard. 

This  can  not  be  the  Pezotettix  longicornwfat'  Saussure,  described  from 
Carolina,  from  its  lack  of  distinct  lateral  carfuae  and  its  convex  pronotal 
disk. 

72.  MELANOPLUS  AMPLECTENS,  new  species. 

(PI ate  XVII,  fig.  7.) 

A  little  above  medium  size,  luteo-testaceous.  Head  aT  little  promi- 
nent, luteo  testaceous,  above  very  broadly  and  feebly  striped  with  fus- 
cous, with  a  broad,  piceous,  postocular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid, 
somewhat  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  about  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium 
steeply  declivent,  angularly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  fading- 
just  before  the  clypeus,  subequal,  slightly  broader  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  sparsely  and 
finely  punctate  throughout;  eyes  large,  very  prominent,  considerably 
longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous,  a 
little  infuscated  apically,  fully  five-sixths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  subequal,  the  sides  of  the  prozona  with  a  broad  fuscous 
postocular  band,  the  disk  broadly  convex,  passing  by  an  abrupt 
rounded  shoulder  into  the  anteriorly  feebly  tumid,  vertical,  lateral 
lobes;  median  carina  distinct  and  sharp  on  the  metazona,  feeble  but 
tolerably  sharp  and  equal  on  the  prozoua;  front  margin  faintly  convex 
and  faintly  and  narrowly  emarginate,  narrowly  flaring  feebly,  hind 
margin  broadly  obtusangulate;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal,  more 
than  halt'  as  long  again  as  the  sharply  but  not  very  closely  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  conical,  a  little  retrorse,  the 
hinder  face  straight ;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  nearly 
half  as  long  again  as  broad.  Tegmina  abbreviate,  but  reaching  nearly 
to  the  middle  of  the  hind  femora,  slender  lanceolate,  the  tip  very 
bluntly  subacuminate,  brownish  fuscous  deepening  above  to  blackish 
on  the  lateral  face,  cinereous  on  the  dorsal  face.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  luteo-testaceous, 
broadly  and  almost  completely  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  which 
is  angularly  disposed  on  the  outer  face,  the  whole  geniculation  blackish 
fuscous,  the  inferior  face  luteous;  hind  tibiae  luteo-flavous,  infuscated 
at  base,  the  spines  black  almost  or  quite  to  their  very  base,  twelve  to 


.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLl—SCUDDER.  261 


fourteen  in  number  iii  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
olavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  long  triangular,  a 
little  narrowed  at  the  tip,  with  an  acutangulate  apex,  the  lateral  mar- 
gins elevated  to  the  same  height  as  the  sharp  and  high  parallel  ridges 
bounding  the  median  sulcus,  which  unite  just  beyond  the  middle  of  the 
plate,  and  are  crossed  at  the  middle  by  a  straight  transverse  ruga 
which  does  not  reach  the  margins;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of 
minute  black  denticulations  overlying  the  submedian  ridges  of  the 
suprnaual  plate;  cerci  broad  at  base,  rapidly  narrowing  to  the  middle, 
mainly  b}T  the  excision  of  the  inferior  margin,  beyond  again  expanding 
as  rapidly  and  nearly  as  much,  and  at  the  same  time  curved  abruptly 
inward,  the  apical  flange  broadly  rounded  at  tip,  compressed,  and  at 
extreme  apex  curved  abruptly  backward;  subgenital  plate  moderately 
broad,  the  apical  margin  broadly  and  considerably  elevated,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19.5  mm.;  antennae,  10.5  mm.;  tegmiua,  7.5 
mm.;  hind  femora,  12.5  mm. 

One  male.  Bee  Spring,  Edmonsou  County,  Kentucky,  June  14-15, 
F.  G.  Sanborn  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology). 

The  specimen  was  formerly  in  alcohol,  which  has  probably  somewhat 
affected  the  colors.  The  clasping  form  of  the  cerci  has  suggested  the 
specific  name. 

73.  MELANOPLUS    SALTATOR,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVII,  fig.  8.) 

Pezotettix  borckii  SCUDDER!,  Rep.  II.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  App.,  p.  24,  pi.  xvn, 
fig.  17.— BRUNER!,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  IV  (1884),  p.  58;  Can. 
Ent.,  XVII  (1885),  p.  12. 

Ferrugineo-fuscous.  Head  not  prominent,  almost  wholly  fuscous 
above,  the  face  and  geiiae  luteo  testaceous,  punctate  and  more  or  less 
marmorate  with  fuscous;  vertex  slightly  tumid,  feebly  elevated  above 
the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  broad,  two  (male)  or  three 
(female)  times  as  broad  as  the  basal  antenna!  joint;  fastigiuin  consider- 
ably decliveut,  its  lateral  margins  feebly  (female)  or  considerably  (male) 
elevated,  but  not  otherwise  sulcate;  frontal  costa  subequal  but  feebly 
enlarging  from  above  downward,  slightly  narrower  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  (if  at  all)  only  at  and  below  the  ocel- 
lus, punctate;  eyes  moderate  in  size,  not  prominent,  about  as  long  as 
the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  ferruginous,  often  a  little 
infuscated  apically,  fully  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  hind  femora  in  both 
sexes.  Pronotum  subequal,  feebly  enlarging  posteriorly  at  least  in  the 
female,  the  disk  transversely  convex  and  passing  almost  insensibly  into 
the  subvertical  lateral  lobes,  the  lower  part  of  the  latter  of.  a  little  lighter 
color,  and  the  upper  part  crossed  on  the  prozona  by  a  broad  piceous 
yet  often  obscure  band,  which  occasionally  in  the  female  passes,  broad- 
ened and  diffused,  upon  the  metazona;  median  carina  slight  but  distinct 
throughout,  feebler  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  metazoua;  front  margin 
truncate  or  subtruncate,  hind  margin  rotundato-obtusangulate ;  prozona 


262  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


quadrate  or  subquadrate,  slightly  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  meta- 
zona,  the  sulcus  between  them  very  broadly  obtusangulate  by  wide  einar- 
giuation  of  the  prozona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  subcylindrical,  blunt, 
erect;  interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes  twice  as  long  as  broad 
(male)  or  a  little  transverse,  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female),  the 
inetasternal  lobes  subattingeut  (male)  or  tolerably  distant  (female). 
Tegrnina  slightly  overlapping  (male)  or  attingent  (female),  ovate,  rather 
broad,  shorter  than  the  pronoturn,  uniform  brownish  fuscous.  Femora 
rufescent  or  fusco-luteous,  the  fore  pair  and  to  some  extent  the  middle 
pair  tuinescent  in  the  male,  the  hind  pair  more  or  less  but  obscurely 
infuscated  in  premedian  and  postinedian  bands,  which  are  angulate  on 
the  outer  face  and  generally  more  or  less  confused;  their  lower  face, 
especially  exteriorly,  more  or  less  ferruginous,  the  geniculation  mostly 
fuscous;  hind  tibiae  generally  dull  red,  more  or  less  feebly  flecked  or 
obscured  basally  with  fuscous,  sometimes  pluuibeo-glaucous,  the  spines 
rather  short  and  black  throughout,  eleven  to  twelve,  usually  eleven, 
in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  strongly 
clavate,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  abruptly  and  obliquely  con- 
tracted laterally  in  the  apical  half  so  as  to  make  the  shape  somewhat 
clypeate,  the  lateral  margins  raised  only  in  the  apical  half  and  here  form- 
ing between  them  a  dorsal  channel  which  nearly  continues,  but  is  a  little 
wider  than,  the  basal  median  sulcus,  which  is  rather  deeply  impressed 
but  between  walls  which  rise  but  little  above  the  otherwise  nearly 
plane  surface ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  sometimes  scarcely 
perceptible,  distant  denticulatioris  on  the  outer  side  of  the  snbmedian 
ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  large  and  stout,  elongated,  com- 
pressed laminae,  mesially  narrowed  so  that  the  apical  portion  is  snb- 
spatulate  though  not  so  broad  as  the  base,  gently  incurved,  the  tip 
rounded  but  distinctly  produced  inferiorly,  reaching  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  moderately  broad,  a  little  longer 
than  broad,  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  slightly  flaring,  the  latter 
elevated,  well  rounded  and  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  25.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  10  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  5  mm.,  female,  5.75  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12  mm.,  female,  13.75  mm. 

Ten  males,  14  females.  Portland,  Multnoinah  County,  Oregon,  Pack- 
ard (U.S.X.M.— Kiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Oregon  City,  Clack - 
amas  County,  Oregon,  July,  W.  G.  W.  Harford;  Soda  Springs,  Yakima 
County,  Washington,  Wickham  (L.  Bruiier);  Loon  Lake,  Colville  Val- 
ley, Washington,  July  23,  S.  Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology). 

It  is  stated  by  Bruner  that  this  species  is  uto  be  met  with  in  the 
mountains  of  Montana,  Idaho,  and  Wyoming,"  and  it  "  appears  to 
abound  only  where  two  or  three  particular  plants  are  met  with,  one  of 
which  is  a  species  of  geranium.7' 

The  female  of  this  species  closely  resembles  the  same  sex  of  M.  boreMi, 
but  has  relatively  longer  antennae,  about  as  long  as  those  of  the  male? 
and  the  tegmiua  are  shorter  and  more  strongly  rounded  at  tip. 


NO.  1124.  KEFISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDEE.  263 

74.   MELANOPLUS   ROTUNDIPENNIS. 
(Plate  XVII,  fig.  9.) 

Pezotettix  rotundipennis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp. 
86-87;  Ent,  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  27-28.— BRUXER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm., 
Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

Head  flavo-testaceous,  the  summit  deeply  infuscated,  the  whole  more 
or  less  mottled  with  small  fuscous  spots;  antennae  dull  brownish  red, 
apically  infuscated,  at  base  paler,  four-fifths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  above  brownish  fuscous  mottled  slightly  with  dusky  yellow, 
the  median  carina  black;  lateral  lobes  brownish  yellow  below,  above 
occupied  by  a  broad  piceous  stripe,  running  from  the  eyes  nearly  to  the 
middle  of  the  abdomen,  broader  and  with  vague  boundaries  on  the 
abdomen  and  partially  interrupted  by  a  slender,  oblique,  brownish  yel- 
low stripe  on  the  crest  of  the  metathoracic  episterna.  Tegmina  but 
little  longer  than  broad,  hardly  longer  than  the  prozona,  rotund,  ovate, 
black  concealed  by  profuse  rufous  veins.  Legs  dull  yellowish  brown, 
the  middle  and  hind  femora  heavily  spotted  with  black,  the  hind  tibiae 
dull  fusco- glaucous,  pale  at  base,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  pallid 
base,  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Head  not  prominent;  vertex  slightly  tumid,  a  little  elevated  above 
the  prouotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  scarcely  so  broad  as  the 
basal  joint  of  the  antennae;  fasti gium  steeply  declivent,  shallowly  and 
broadly  sulcate  in  advance  of  the  eyes;  frontal  costa  moderately  broad, 
as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  shallowly  sulcate  through- 
out, slightly  and  regularly  expanding  below,  obsolescent  next  the  cly- 
peus;  eyes  large  and  prominent,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae.  Pronotum  broadening  slightly  and  regularly 
throughout,  the  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal,  almost  twice  as  long 
as  the  metazona,  its  surface  very  faintly  and  very  sparsely  punctate, 
the  median  carina  sharp  but  slight  and  equal;  metazona  with  the 
median  carina  not  sharp  but  rather  inconspicuous,  the  surface  of  the 
lobe  both  above  and  on  the  sides  delicately  rugulose;  lateral  carinae 
wholly  obsolete,  the  nearly  plane  disk,  passing  by  a  well  rounded  angle 
into  the  lateral  lobes;  both  front  and  hind  margins  subtruncate,  the 
latter  minutely  emarginate  in  the  middle.  Prosternal  spine  not  very 
long,  appressed  cylindrical,  very  blunt,  a  little  retrorse;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  about  twice  as  long  as  broad.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  tumid,  strongly  upcurved;  supraanal  plate  triangular 
with  subrectaugulate  apex,  the  sides  gently  convex,  gently  upturned, 
the  median  sulcus  extremely  broad,  short  and  shallow;  furcula  consist- 
ing of  the  slightly  produced  inner  angulation  of  the  widely  parted  and 
diverging  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  rather  stout  but 
laminate,  tapering  at  the  very  base,  beyond  nearly  equal,  moderately 
broad,  directed  inward  and  backward  and  bent  obliquely  a  little  down- 


264  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

ward,  at  the  tip  slightly  expanded,  well  rounded  and  scarcely  thick- 
ened; subgenital  plate  very  small,  subpyramidal,  a  little  longer  than 
broad,  of  subequal  breadth,  the  apical  margin  slightly  elevated  and  a 
little  full,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15.5  mm.;  antennae,  8  mm.;  tegmina.  3  mm.; 
hind  femora,  10  mm. 

One  male.  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida,  May  6,  J.  H.  Coin- 
stock. 

75.  MELANOPLUS  OBOVATIPENNIS. 
(Plate  XVII,  fig.  10.) 

?  Pezotettix  Jongicornis  SAUSSURE,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861  (1861),  p.  159;  Orth.  Nov. 

Ainer.,  II  (1861),  p.  9.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  IS.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  150.— 

BKUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coinm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 

IPoduma  longicorn is  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  718. 
Pezotettix  rotundipennis  BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  80. 
Pezotettix  olovatipennis  BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Eut.,  XXVII  (1894),  pp.  241-243. 

Brownish  fuscous,  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  prominent,  par- 
ticularly in  the  male,  varying  from  plumbeo-olivaceous  to  ferrugiueo- 
testaceous,  often  much  necked  with  fuscous,  and  above  almost  wholly 
fa sco -ferruginous  or  fuscous;  vertex  rather  tumid,  elevated  a  little  above 
the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  nearly  twice 
(male)  or  more  than  twice  (female)  as  broad  as  the  first  antennal  joint; 
fastigiuin  steeply  declivent,  plane  (female)  or  broadly  and  shallowly 
sulcate,  or  at  least  with  feebly  raised  lateral  margins  (male);  frontal 
costa  equal  or  subequal,  slightly  narrower  than  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  percurrent,  very  feebly  (female)  or  distinctly  (male)  sulcate 
at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate;  eyes  large,  prominent  at  least  in  the 
male,  much  larger  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
luteo-ferruginous,  apical lyinfuscated,  as  long  (male)  or  more  than  three- 
fourths  as  long  (female)  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  rather  long, 
faintly  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  enlarging  posteriorly  with  much 
regularity,  the  disk  blackish  fuscous  (male)  or  fusco-ferruginous  (female), 
the  lateral  lobes  below  pallid1  (male)  or  luteo-testaceous  (female),  and 
above  with  a  broad  piceous  band  which  broadens  and  becomes  feebler 
on  the  metazona;  disk  broadly  convex  transversely,  passing  by  a  dis- 
tinct though  smoothed  angle  into  the  sub  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median 
carina  equally  distinct  throughout,  scarcely  blunter  on  the  prozoua  than 
on  the  metazona;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  subtruncate  (male) 
or  truncate  (female) ;  prozona  longitudinal  (female)  or  very  longitudinal 
(male),  fully  (male)  or  nearly  (female)  twice  as  long  as  the  distinctly  and 
closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  a  little 
appressed  conical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
about  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse,  only 

1  Ivory  ^vhite,  according  to  Blatchley,  who  has  seen  them  in  fresh  condition. 


NO.  1124.  EE VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  265 

a  little  narrower  than  the  lobes  themselves  (female).  Tegmina  broad 
ovate,  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  well  rounded,  varying  from  a  little 
longer  than  broad  to  fully  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  lateral,  never 
attiugent,  uniform  brownish  fuscous.  Mesothoracic  epimera  piceous 
and  conspicuous  from  the  light  color  of  the  thoracic  episterna,  which  is 
that  of  the  lower  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes.  Fore  femora  of  male  very 
feebly  tuinesceut;  hind  femora  ferruginous,  more  or  less  cinereous  on  the 
outer  face  and  more  or  less  infuscated  on  apical  half,  with  feeble  cloudy 
indications  of  bifasciate  fuscous  or  deeper  ferruginous  markings  on  the 
upper  face,  the  under  surface  luteo-rufous,  the  geniculatiou  black  or 
blackish ;  hind  tibiae  olivaceous,  often  more  or  less  infuscated,  occasion- 
ally red,  with  a  subbasal  pallid  annulus,  the  spines  black  beyond  the 
pallid  base,  nine  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  well  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate 
long  triangular  with  slightly  convex  sides,  the  margins  broadly  and 
feebly  raised,  the  median  sulcus  percurrent  but  contracted  beyond  the 
middle,  before  that  rather  deep,  with  sharp  but  not  greatly  elevated 
walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  somewhat  diverging, 
cylindrical,  tapering,  slender,  acuminate  fingers,  reaching  a  little  more 
than  one-third  way  across  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  rather  slender, 
mesially  contracted  to  nearly  half  the  extreme  basal  width  by  the 
arcuation  of  the  upper  margin,  the  lower  border  being  straight,  beyond 
the  middle  somewhat  enlarged  again,  the  apex  roundly  truncate,  the 
whole  gently  incurved,  nearly  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
infracercal  plate  almost  as  long  as  the  supraanal,  apically  broad;  sub- 
genital  plate  small,  almost  as  broad  as  long,  the  apical  margin  not  ele- 
vated, well  rounded  as  viewed  from  above,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  29  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  10  mm., 
female,  10.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3.5  mm.,  female,  4.25  mm.;  hind  fem- 
ora, male,  10  mm.,  female,  13.25  mm. 

Twelve  males,  14  females.  Vigo  County,  Indiana,  W.  S.  Blatchley 
(A.  P.  Morse;  8.  H.  Scudder);  High  Bridge,  Jessamine  County,  Ken- 
tucky, October  15,  H.  Garman ;  near  Mammoth  Cave,  Kentucky,  Octo- 
ber 2,  Putnam  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  St.  Louis,  Missouri 
(U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Dallas,  Texas  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collec- 
tion ;-L.  Bruner). 

Blatchley  also  reports  it  from  Monroe  County,  Indiana,  and  if  Saus- 
sure's  species  is  the  same  it  is  also  found  in  Carolina.  Blatchley  says 
"it  reaches  maturity  about  September  1,  and  frequents  for  the  most 
part  high,  dry,  open  woods,  especially  those  in  which  beech  and  oak 
trees  predominate  ...  In  late  October,  if  the  season  is  dry,  it  is 
often  found  .  .  .  among  the  reeds  and  tall  rank  grasses  near  the 
border  of  marshes." 


266  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

76.   MELANOPLUS  JUVENCUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVIII,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettix  puer  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  p.  87; 
(pars),  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  28. 

Brownish  fuscous  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  not  prominent^ 
luteo-testaceous  with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  flecked  feebly  with  fuscous, 
above  deeply  infuscated ;  vertex  feebly  tumid,  scarcely  raised  above  the 
level  of  the  pronoturn,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  no  wider  than 
the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  sulcate  throughout; 
frontal  costa  narrow,  no  wider  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
equal,  percurrent,  distinctly  sulcate  excepting  above,  punctate;  eyes 
large,  prominent,  much  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  dull  luteous  at  base,  growing  rufescent  beyond,  apically  iiifus- 
cated,  about  three-fifths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  sub- 
equal,  the  disk  nearly  plane  but  very  broadly  tectate,  passing  by  an 
abrupt  angle,  forming  a  distinct  lateral  carina,  into  the  slightly  tumid, 
sub  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which  are  marked  above  on  the  prozona  by  an 
exceptionally  broad  piceous  belt,  broader  on  the  anterior  than  on  the 
posterior  section ;  median  cariua  equally  distinct  throughout;  front  and 
hind  margins  truncate,  the  latter  feebly  emargiuate  in  the  middle; 
prozoua  longitudinal,  very  sparsely  punctate,  almost  twice  as  long  as 
the  finely  but  obscurely  ruguloso-punctate  metazoua.  Prosternal  spine 
short,  lobate,  appressed,  very  blunt,  suberect;  interspace  between 
rnesosternal  lobes  a  little  longer  than  broad,  the  metasternal  lobes 
approximate.  Tegmina  obovate,  well  rounded,  twice  as  long  as  broad, 
longer  than  the  head  and  pronotum  together,  attiugent,  uniform  dark 
castaneous.  Fore  femora  feebly  tumescent;  hind  femora  rufo  luteous, 
olivaceous  on  the  outer  face,  rather  broadly  and  transversely  bifasciate 
with  fuscous,  the  whole  geniculation  blackish;  hind  tibiae  pale,  rather 
dingy  greenish,  with  a  lutescent  basal  aunulus,  the  spines  black  almost 
or  quite  to  the  base,  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  slightly  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate 
rather  long  triangular,  the  lateral  margins  slightly  elevated,  a  pair  of 
short,  distant,  apical  ridges,  and  the  median  sulcus  rather  deep  and 
conspicuous  between  sharp  and  rather  high  walls  extending  beyond 
the  middle  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  denticu. 
latious  overlying  the  bases  of  the  submedian  ridges  of  the  supraaual 
plate;  cerci  long  and  rather  slender,  tapering  in  the  basal  third  only, 
beyond  equal  nearly  to  the  tip,  which  is  rounded  but  unequally  curved, 
forming  a  blunt  angle  inferiorly,  the  whole  fully  four  times  as  long  as 
the  median  breadth,  yet  scarcely  surpassing  the  tip  of  the  supra-anal 
plate,  gently  incurved  apically,  the  whole  lower  margin  straight;  sub- 
genital  plate  small,  considerably  longer  than  broad,  broader  at  base 
than  at  apex,  the  apical  margin  neither  elevated  nor  prolonged,  well 
rounded  but  feebly  angulate,  entire. 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MEL  A  NO  PL  l—SC  UDDEE.  267 


Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.;  antennae,  4.75  mm.;  tegmina,  4.75 
mm. ;  hind  femora,  8  mm. 

One  male.  Fort  Keed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  April  8,  J.  H.  Coin- 
stock. 

I  carelessly  included  this  in  Pezotettix  puer  when  originally  described, 
but  the  description  shows  that  it  could  not  then  have  been  examined 
carefully,  for  it  differs  obviously  both  in  the  male  cerci  and  in  the 
tegniiua. 

77.  MELANOPLUS    FASCIATUS. 
(Plates  I,  fig.  c;  XVIII,  figs.  2-4.) 

Fesotettix  lorealis  SCUDDER!,  Can.  Nat.,  VII  (1868),  p.  286;  Bost.  Journ.  Nat. 

Hist.,  VII  (1868),  p.  464.— SMITH.  Proc.  Portl.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1868),  p. 

149.— PACKARD,  Guide  Ins.  (1869),  p.  569.— THOMAS,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc. 

Philad.,  1870  (1870),  p.  78;  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1871),  p. 

265;  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surr.  Terr.,  V.  (1873),  p.  153.— SCUDDER!,  Hitchc. 

Rep.  Geol.  N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p.  374;  Daws.  Geol.  Rec.  49th  Par.  (1875),  p. 

343.— BRUNER,  Can.  Eut.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— THOMAS,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol. 

Surv.  Terr.,  IV  (1878),  p.  484.— GIRARD,  Traite  E"lcm.  d'Ent.,  II  (1879),  p. 

246.— SCUDDER,  Can.  Eut.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 

Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  307.— CAULFIELD, 

Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71;  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401; 

Can.  Ortb.  (1887),  p.  13.— FERNALD,  X.E.Orth.  (1888),  pp.  29,  30;  Ann.  Rep. 

Mass.  Agric.  C  XV  (1888),  pp.  113, 114.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  pp. 

53,  106. 
Acridimn  fasciatum  BARXSTOX,  MS.,  fide  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus., 

IV  (1870),  p.  680. 
Calopteints  fatciatxs  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  680; 

Can.  Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  30.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873), 

p.  224.— CAULFIELD,  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401 ;  Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  14. 
Melanoplns  rectiis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  pp.  284, 

285  ;   Ent.  Notes.,  VI  (1878),  pp.  43,  44  ;  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX 

(1879),  p.  71;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  60.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm., 

Ill  (1888),  p.  60.— FERNALD,  Orth.  X.  E.  (1888),  pp.  31,  32;  Ann.  Rep.  Mass. 

Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  pp.  115,  116.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  53. 
Mchinoplns  curtiis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  70-71; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  59.—  BRUNEI*,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut.  Comm.,  Ill  (1833),  p. 

61;  Can.  Ent.,   XVII  (1885),   p.  17;  Publ.  Nebr.   Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p. 

28.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  53. 

Mehuioplu*  faaciatns  CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71. 
Melanoplns  borealis  BEUTENMULLER,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  p. 

308. 

Of  rather  small  size,  dark  fusco-plumbeous  above,  dark  clay  yellow 
below.  Head  not  prominent,  dull  plumbeous  flecked  with  griseous, 
above  very  dark  fuscous  with  a  broad  postocular  piceous  baud ;  vertex 
moderately  tumid,  distinctly  elevated  above  the  pronetum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  as  broad  (male)  or  nearly  half  as  broad  again 
(female)  as  the  basal  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  strongly  declivent,  shal- 
lowly  depressed,  but  with  distinct  and  somewhat  abrupt  though  rounded 
bounding  walls,  which  diverge  a  very  little  in  front  of  the  eyes  and 
then  converge;  frontal  costa  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  scarcely  contracted  above  where  its  face  is  plane  (male)  or  feebly 


268  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


tumid  (female),  at  and  below  the  ocellus  rather  narrowly  sulcate,  deeper 
in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  percurrent,  punctate ;  eyes  rather  small, 
not  prominent,  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  anten- 
nae ferruginous,  growing  lutescent  toward  the  base,  dusky  toward  the 
tip,  nearly  or  quite  as  long  (male)  or  about  two  thirds  as  long  (female) 
as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotuui  subequal,  feebly  expanding  posteriorly 
especially  in  the  female,  the  disk  plano-convex,  separated  by  a  well- 
rounded  but  distinct  shoulder  from  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  brownish 
fuscous,  sometimes  fusco-testaceous  and  then  generally  punctate  with 
ferruginous,  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad  piceous 
band  crossing  the  prozona  and  sometimes  continued  as  a  feeble  dusky 
cloud  on  the  inetazona;  front  border  truncate,  hind  border  broadly 
obtusangulate,  the  angle  rounded;  median  carina  distinct  only  on  the 
rnetazona  and  at  the  front  of  the  prozona,  elsewhere  obsolete  or  sub- 
obsolete;  prozoua  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  feebly  transverse 
(female),  a  very  little  longer  than  the  minutely  rugulose  rnetazona. 
Prosternal  spine  short,  stout,  blunt,  conical,  erect;  interspace  between 
inesosternal  lobes  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  consid- 
erably transverse  but  shorter  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  either 
abbreviated,  being  one  and  a  half  to  two  and  a  half  times  as  long  as 
the  pronotum  and  not  nearly  reaching  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora, 
tapering  considerably  beyond  the  basal  expansion,  sublanceolate  and 
bluntly  subacumiuate  (M.f.  curtus)-,  or  far  surpassing  the  hind  femora, 
broad  and  subequal,  very  feebly  tapering  in  the  apical  half  and  well 
rounded  at  tip  (M.  f.  volaticw,  Plate  I,  fig.  c),  wholly  brownish  fuscous 
or  cinereo-fuscous,  occasionally  maculate  to  a  greater  or  less  degree,  but 
generally  slightly  in  the  discoidal  area,  the  anal  area  sometimes  more 
cinereous  than  the  rest,  especially  apically;  wings  in  both  forms  hyaline 
with  a  scarcely  perceptible  yellowish  tint,  more  or  less  densely  but 
always  feebly  infumated  at  the  tip,  the  veins  and  cross  veins  of  the 
apical  half  blackish  fuscous.  Hind  femora  relatively  longer  in  the 
female  than  in  the  male,  dull  luteo-testaceous,  black  at  apex  and  at 
extreme  base  and  bifasciate  with  black  or  blackish  fuscous  more  or  less 
broadly  and  obliquely,  rarely  transversely,  the  whole  often  confused 
and  more  or  less  blended  on  the  outer  face;  beneath  pale  or  dull  red- 
dish; hind  tibiae  red,  usually  growing  paler  toward  the  base  and  some- 
times almost  wholly  pale  greenish  luteous,  feebly  reddening  apically, 
the  base  generally  pale  or  at  least  paler,  with  a  small  fuscous  patellar 
spot,  the  spines  black  except  at  extreme  base,  nine  to  twelve,  generally 
eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
strongly  clavate,  well  upturned,  the  supraaual  plate  long  triangular 
with  well  rounded  acutangulate  apex,  the  apical  half  depressed  to  a 
slightly  lower  plane,  with  a  broad,  equal,  deep,  median  sulcus,  bounded 
by  high  and  sharp  walls  in  a  little  more  than  the  basal  half;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  parallel,  distant,  tubercular  teeth,  twice 
as  long  as  broad,  resting  outside  the  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
cerci  simple,  straight,  and  subequal,  being  contracted  a  little  in  the 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI— SCUDDER.  269 

middle,  about  four  times  as  long  as  the  mean  breadth,  directed  upward 
and  backward,  and  the  apical  upper  third  incurved  and  externally 
tumid,  the  tip  broadly  rounded  and  often  feebly  downcurved ;  infracer- 
cal  plates  of  the  same  length  as  thesupraanal;  subgenital  plate  pretty 
broad  and  subequal  but  longer  than  broad,  the  apical  margin  somewhat 
elevated,  well  rounded,  entire.  Basal  tooth  of  lower  valves  of  ovipositor 
sharp,  prominent,  triangular,  but  much  longer  than  broad. 

Length  of  body  (M.  f.  curtus}.  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  an- 
tennae, male,  10  mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  10  mm.,  female, 
9.75  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.75  mm.  Length  of 
body  (M.  f.  voldticus),  male,  19  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  antennas,  male, 
9.75  mm.,  female,  7.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  17  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  12  mm. 

One  hundred  and  thirty-five  males,  192  females.  Loon  Lake,  Colville 
Valley,  Washington,  July  23,  S.  Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zool- 
ogy) ;  Laggan,  Alberta,  Bean ;  The  Pas,  Saskatchewan  Eiver,  Rapids  of 
the  Saskatchewan  River  and  Point  Wigwam,  Lake  Winnipeg,  Scudder 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Ouster,  Black  Hills, 
South  Dakota,  Bruner  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Harneys  Peak, 
Black  Hills.  South  Dakota,  7,000  to  8,000  feet,  Bruner  (same) ;  Colorado, 
5,500  feet,  Morrison;  Colorado,  Alpine,  September  (U.S.N.M. — Riley 
collection);  Eagle  Lake,  Missouri,  Packard  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology);  Charlevoix,  Michigan,  July  25,  Walcott  (L.  Bruner);  Nain, 
Labrador,  W.M. Reed;  Salmouier,  Newfoundland,  in  sphagnum  swamps, 
August  11-15,  R.  Thaxter ;  Anticosti,  A.  E.  Yerrill,  August  1  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Moosehead  Lake,  Maine;  Norway,  Oxford 
County,  Maine,  S.  I.  Smith;  Speckled  Mountain,  Stoneham,  Oxford 
County,  Maine,  August  15,  18  (A.  P.  Morse;  Museum  Comparative 
Zoology);  Mount  Sargent,  Mount  Desert  Island,  Maine,  August;  Beth- 
lehem, Grafton  County,  New  Hampshire,  August  11-24  (S.  Henshaw); 
White  Mountain  valleys,  New  Hampshire,  late  July  (S.  Henshaw;  S.  H. 
Scudder);  Mount  Kearsarge,  New  Hampshire,  2,000  feet  (A.  P.  Morse); 
Lynnfield,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  August  11  (S.  Henshaw); 
WTinchendon,  Worcester  County,  Massachusetts,  July  4-5  (A. P.  Morse) ; 
Warwick,  Franklin  County,  Massachusetts,  Miss  A.  M.  Edmands 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Dover,  Norfolk  County,  Massachu- 
setts, June  26  (same);  Dedham,  Norfolk  County,  Massachusetts,  June 
14,  July  17  (same);  Milton  and  Blue  Hills,  Norfolk  County,  Massachu- 
setts, August  14  (S.  Henshaw):  Concord,  Middlesex  County,  Massachu- 
setts; Waltliain,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  July  24,  September 
5,  9  (A.  P.  Morse;  S.  Henshaw);  Sherborn,  Middlesex  County,  Massa- 
chusetts, June  25,  July  12,  15,  August  6  (A.  P.  Morse;  Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology);  Sudbury,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  July 
10  (A.  P.  Morse);  Belmont,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  August 
(same);  Melrose,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  July  23  (S.  Hen- 
shaw); Forest  Hills,  Suffolk  County,  Massachusetts,  June  24  (same); 


270  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Jamaica  Plain,  Suffolk  County,  Massachusetts,  August  13,  16  (S.  Hen- 
shaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Cape  Cod,  Massachusetts;  Provincetown,  Barn- 
stable  County,  Massachusetts,  September  5  (A.  P.  Morse";  Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology) ;  West  Chop,  Marthas  Vineyard,  Massachusetts,  July 
4-30,  August  2-6  (A.  P.  Morse);  Thompson,  Windham  County,  Connec- 
ticut, August  4  (same).  A  specimen  (female)  in  the  Rational  Museum, 
from  Alaska  perhaps  belongs  here. 

The  species  has  also  been  reported  from  Montana  (Thomas),  north- 
west Nebraska  (Bruner),  Souris  River,  Assiniboia  (Scudder),  Lake  of 
the  Woods,  Manitoba  (Caulfield),  Minnesota  (Scudder),  mountains  east 
of  Middle  Park,  Colorado  (Thomas),  and  New  Jersey  (Beutenmiiller). 
It  therefore  occurs  in  a  broad  belt  along  our  northern  border  from  the 
Atlantic  nearly  or  quite  to  the  Pacific. 

As  seen  in  the  above  description,  the  species  occurs  in  two  forms,  a 
moderately  short-winged  form,  to  which  the  name  Jl/./.  curtits  (Plate 
XV  III,  figs.  2-3)  maybe  given  (it  was  once  described  as  citrtits);  and 
a  very  long  and  broad  winged  form,  which  may  be  called  JL/.  volaticus 
(Plates  I,  fig.  c;  XVIII,  fig.  4).  The  latter  is  known  only  from  Michi- 
gan, and  was  brought  to  my  attention  by  Professor  Bruner. 

Duriug  a  recent  visit  to  London,  Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  to  whom  I 
had  given  specimens  of  this  species  for  the  purpose,  verified  by  com- 
parison with  the  types  in  the  British  Museum  their  identity  with 
Walker's  Caloptenus  fasciatus. 

78.    MELANOPLUS    BOREALIS. 
(Plates  I,  fig.d;  XVIII,  fig. 5.) 

Gryllus  grunlandicus  KOLLAR,  MS.,  Mus.  Vien.  (1853),  fide  FIEBER,  Lotos,  III, 

p.  120. 
Caloptcnns  loreaUs  FIBBER,   Lotos,  III  (1853),  p.  120;  Syn.  Eur.  Orth.  (1854),  p. 

20.— BRUXNER,  Verb.  Zool.-Bot.  Gesellsch.  Wien,  1861  (1861),  p.  223;  Ortb. 

Stud.  (1861),  p.  3.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p. 678; 

Can.  Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  30.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr..  V  (1873), 

p.   227.— BRUNER,  U.  S.  Ent.  Coinm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— CAULFIELD,  Can. 

Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401;  Can.  Ortb.  (1887),  p.  14. 
Pezotettix  septentrionalis  SAUSSURE,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861  (1861),  p.  159;    Ortb. 

Nov.Amer.,11  (1861),  p.  10.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873), 

p.  222.— SCUDDER,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— BRUNKR,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 

Comin.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  58.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71 ; 

Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401;    Can.  Ortb.  (1887),  p.  13.— MORSE,  Psyche, 

VII  (1894),  p.  53. 
f  Caloptenus  arcticus  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  pp.  681-682 ; 

Can.  Entom.,  IV  (1872),  p.  30.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873), 

p.  226.— BRUXER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— CAULFIELD,  Can. 

Rec.Sc.,II  (1887),  p.  401;  Can.  Ortb.  (1887),  p.  14. 
Podisma  septentrionalia  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  718; 

Can.  Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  30. 
Mdanoplus   lorcalia   CAULFIELD,    Rep.   Ent.  Soc.   Ont.,  XVIII   (1886),   p.  71.— 

SCUDDER!,  Psyche,  VII  (1895),  p.  320. 
?  Mdanoplw  arcticus  CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Orit.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71. 

Ferrugineo  fuscous.  Head  not  at  all  prominent,  very  sparsely  pilose, 
rufo  testaceous,  sparsely  punctate  over  the  whole  face  and  geuae  and 


NO.  1124.  RE  riSIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPL1—SC  UDDER.  271 


feebly  flecked  with  fuscous;  vertex  very  feebly  tumid,  Dot  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  half 
as  broad  again  (male)  or  more  than  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first 
.aiiteunal  joiiit;  fastigium  moderately  declivent,  distinctly  (male)  or  very 
feebly  and  broadly  (female)  silicate  throughout;  frontal  costa  about  as 
broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  subequal,  percurrent,  plane 
(male)  or  convex  (female)  above,  the  puncta  biseriately  disposed,  feebly 
sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus;  eyes  not  large  nor  prominent,  barely 
exceeding  in  length  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  ferru- 
ginous, increasingly  infuscated  beyond  the  middle,  nearly  three  fourths 
(male)  or  scarcely  one  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Proiio- 
tum  short,  regularly  and  noticeably  narrowing  from  behind  forward  by 
the  gradual  constriction  of  the  upper  portion,  the  lateral  lobes  being 
steeply  and  obliquely  decliveut  on  the  prozona,  vertical  on  the  metazona, 
separated  from  the  nearly  plane  disk  by  a  tolerably  sharp  but  rounded 
angle;  median  carina  distinct  and  sharp  on  the  metazona,  indistinct 
and  blunt  on  the  prozona,  subobsolete  between  the  sulci;  front  margin 
faintly  convex,  hind  margin  obtusaugulate,  the  angle  rounded:  prozona 
darker  on  the  disk  than  the  metazona,  and  on  the  lateral  lobes  furnished 
with  a  broad  piceous  postocular  band,  the  disk  quadrate  (male)  or 
transverse  (female),  scarcely  (male)  or  not  (female)  longer  than  the 
subruguloso  punctate  metazona.  Prosterual  spine  moderately  long, 
appressed  conico-cylindrical,  blunt,  retrorse  (male)  or  short,  stout, 
strongly  appressed  cylindrical,  blunt,  suberect  (female);  interspace 
between  inesosternal  lobes  feebly  transverse,  narrower  than  the  lobes 
themselves  in  both  sexes.  Tegmiua  attaining  the  tips  of  the  hind 
femora,  moderately  broad,  tapering,  well  rounded  apically,  ruddy  fus- 
cous, with  feeblest  possible  sparse  rnaculation  in  the  discoidal  area; 
wings  not  very  broad,  pellucid,  with  apically  fuscous  veins.  Fore 
femora  of  male  scarcely  tuniescent;  hind  femora  dull  ferruginous, 
broadly  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  often  more  or  less  confluent 
on  the  outer  face,  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  red,  the  spines 
black  throughout,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extrem- 
ity of  male  abdomen  clavate,  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  long  trian- 
gular, the  apex  acutangulate,  the  basal  half  of  the  sides  turned  upward 
and  in  the  middle  contracted,  with  a  broad,  deep,  triangular  sulcus  in 
the  basal  half,  bounded  by  high  but  rounded  walls  which  unite  in  the 
middle  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  adjacent,  parallel, 
slender,  tapering,  acuminate,  slightly  depressed  fingers,  nearly  reach- 
ing the  middle  of  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  feebly  falciform,  tapering 
a  little  in  less  than  the  basal  half,  the  tip  a  little  produced  but  rounded, 
the  outer  surface  plane  and  rather  coarsely  punctate,  not  attaining  the 
tip  of  the  supraaual  plate;  subgeuital  plate  moderately  broad,  but  con- 
siderably longer  than  broad,  apically  elevated  and  prolonged,  the 
apical  margin  broadly  rounded,  subtransverse.  and  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antenna?,   male,  7.5 


272  PROCEEDINGS  OF  TEE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

mm.,  female,  G  min. ;  tegmina,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  15  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.2  mm.,  female,  12.2  mm. 

Seven  males,  G  females.  Coast  of  Labrador,  beyond  the  timber  line, 
at  latitude  59°  north,  Jewell  D.  Sornberger  (specimens  collected  in 
spirits). 

Fieber  also  reports  it  from  Greenland  and  North  Cape,  Norway.  It  is, 
however,  not  included  in  the  European  fauna  either  by  H.  Fischer  or  by 
B runner  von  Wattenwyl;  yet  Fieber  credits  specimens  to  the  Vienna 
Museum,  in  which  city  Brunner  lives.  Hofrath  Bruuner  writes  me  that 
he  possesses  specimens  from  Labrador,  Hudson  Bay,  and  Valdivia, 
Chile.  I  can  not  forbear  expressing  a  doubt  about  the  accuracy  of  this 
last  locality. 

As  Melanoplus  and  Podisma  are  the  genera  of  Melanopli  most  abun- 
dant in  forms  and  most  widely  spread,  the  former  being  especially  true 
of  Melanoplus,  and  as  the  present  form  is  the  species  of  Melanoplus 
most  nearly  allied  to  Podisma,  and,  like  most  of  the  species  of  the 
latter  genus,  is  peculiar  to  high  latitudes  or  altitudes,  it  seems  proper 
to  regard  M.  borealis  as  an  archaic  form,  perhaps  more  nearly  than  any 
other  resembling  the  original  form  from  which  the  Melanopli  as  a  whole 
have  descended. 

Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw  recently  compared  for  me  a  female  specimen  of 
this  species  from  Labrador  with  Walker's  type  of  Caloptenus  arcticus 
in  the  British  Museum.  He  found  them  to  agree  except  in  length  of 
wings,  which  in  Walker's  specimen,  a  unique,  "extend  slightly  beyond 
the  abdomen ;"  the  prosterual  spine  was  the  same.  I  have  accordingly 
introduced  it  in  the  synonymy  with  a  question  mark;  if  it  belongs  here 
the  range  of  the  species  should  be  extended  to  whatever  point  it  may 
have  been  in  "Arctic  America"  that  Doctor  Kae  collected  his  specimen. 

The  specimens  which  I  have  seen  were  taken  by  Mr.  Sornberger 
August  15-1G  at  the  Esquimaux  village  of  Kama.  He  tells  me  that 
they  were  all  taken  on  the  banks  of  a  mountain  brook  fed  by  the  melt- 
ing snows  of  the  summit  near  by.  They  were  most  abundant  where 
the  vegetation  was  most  luxuriant  at  the  boulers  of  the  brook;  none 
were  found  below  an  elevation  of  200  feet  nor  above  1,500  feet,  at  which 
altitude  herbaceous  plants  became  few  and  scattering.  Mr.  Sornber- 
ger can  not  say  upon  what  it  fed,  but  it  was  not  found  on  any  of 
the  shrubby  plants  common  there — Betula,  Vaccinium,  Ledum,  Salix, 
Eiupetriim,  etc.,  though  he  thinks  he  saw  it  on  some  of  the  Cyperaceae. 

18.  ALLEXI   SEKIES. 

In  this  small  series  the  prozona  of  the  male  is  slightly  longitudinal, 
and  the  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  only 
a  little  longer  than  broad.  The  antennae  are  very  long.  The  tegmina 
are  always  abbreviate,  but  vary  considerably,  being  either  elliptical, 
attingent,  and  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  or  lanceolate,  overlap 
ping  and  reaching  a  little  beyond  the  middle  of  the  hind  femora.  The 


NO.  11 24.  REVISION  OF  THE  HELANOPLI—SCrDDER.  213 

latter  are  rather  short,  and  the  hind  tibiae  either  red  or  glaucous,  with 
nine  to  eleven  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  triangular,  with  raised  margins;  the  furcula 
consists  of  a  pair  of  slight  and  distant  or  very  distant  projections;  the 
cerci  are  stout  and  heavy,  two  or  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  mesially 
contracted  and  apically  augulate;  the  subgenital  plate  is  broad, 
broader  than  long  by  the  greater  or  less  elevation  of  the  entire  and 
well-rounded  apical  margin. 

There  are  but  two  species  known,  of  medium  size,  one  from  New 
Mexico  and  the  other  from  Iowa  and  Dakota. 

79.  MELANOPLUS  ALLENI,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVIII,  fig.  6.) 

Of  medium  size,  blackish  fuscous,  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head 
not  prominent,  ferrugineo- testaceous  more  or  less  infuscated,  above  with 
a  broad,  enlarging,  median,  fuscous  stripe,  and  a  broad  piceous  postoc- 
ular  band;  vertex  rather  tumid,  a  little  elevated  above  the  pronotum, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  the  firsc 
an tenual  joint;  fastigium  rapidly  declivent,  very  feebly  and  very  broadly 
sulcate;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  subequal,  a  little  narrower  above, 
about  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at 
and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  rather  large 
and  prominent,  much  longer  than  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  ferruginous,  almost  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum 
subequal  but  slightly  enlarging  on  the  rnetazona,  with  a  broad  piceous 
postocular  band  confined  to  the  prozona,  but  sometimes  appearing  very 
faintly  on  the  metazona,  the  disk  broadly  convex  and  passing  by  a 
rounded  shoulder  nowhere  forming  lateral  carinae  into  the  anteriorly 
faintly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct  on  the 
metazoua,  subobsolete  or  obsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  trun- 
cate, hind  margin  very  obtusangulate;  prozona  longitudinally  sub- 
quadrate,  about  a  third  longer  than  the  densely  and  finely  punctate 
metazoua.  Prosternal  spine  short,  stout,  conical ;  interspace  between 
inesosternal  lobes  slightly  longer  than  broad.  Tegmina  moderately 
abbreviate,  reaching  a  little  beyond  the  middle  of  the  hind  femora, 
moderately  broad  at  base,  tapering  distinctly  and  pretty  uniformly  to 
a  strongly  rounded  tip,  ferrugiueo- fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
considerably  tumid  in  the  male ;  hind  femora  moderately  short  but  not 
very  stout,  flavo-testaceous,  obliquely  bifasciate  with  fuscous,  the  under 
surface  pale  carmine,  the  whole  geniculation  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  pale 
red,  infuscated  at  base  with  a  pale  annulus  beyond,  the  spines  black 
beyond  their  base,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Ex- 
tremity of  male  abdomen  clavate,  strongly  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate 
triangular,  with  acutangulate  apex,  feebly  and  narrowly  compressed 
mesially,  with  a  transverse  median  plica,  tho  margins  broadly  and  con- 
siderably elevated,  the  median  sulcus  percurrent  between  moderately 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 18 


274  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

high  and  rather  sharp  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  dis- 
tant denticulations ;  cerci  moderately  broad  and  stout  at  base,  gradu- 
ally narrowing  to  two-thirds  the  width  in  the  middle,  beyond  very 
faintly  enlarging,  the  tip  rounded  but  slightly  augulate,  the  whole  sub 
erect,  feebly  incurved,  and  only  apically  strongly  compressed,  fully  as 
long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  as  broad  as  long  by  the 
considerable  rounded  elevation  of  the  apical  margin,  which  has  a 
scarcely  perceptible  thickening,  is  entire,  and,  as  seen  from  above, 
regularly  and  strongly  arcuate,  with  no  lateral  angles,  the  base  of  the 
lateral  margins  rectangulate,  slightly  incurved. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17nim.;  antennae,  10  mm. ;  tegmina,  9  mm. ;  hind 
femora,  10.75  mm. 

Two  males.  Crawford  County,  Iowa,  July  13-24,  J.  A.  Allen ;  explor- 
ations in  Dakota  under  General  Sully,  S.  M.  Eothhaminer. 

This  species  is  very  closely  related  to  Mel.  fasciatiiSj  but  has  an  api- 
cally broader,  less  thickened,  and  regularly  arcuate  subgenital  plate, 
and  slightly  different  cerci,  these  being  considerably  broader  at  base 
than  apically.  It  is  named  for  my  ornithological  friend,  Mr.  J.  A.  Allen, 
of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  who  many  years  ago 
obtained  for  me  much  of  the  material  on  which  this  memoir  is  based. 

80.  MELANOPLUS  SNOWII,  new  species. 

(Plate  XVIII,  fig.  7.) 

Of  medium  size,  moderately  stout,  dark  brownish  fuscous.  Head 
not  prominent,  pallid  testaceous  more  or  less  begrimed  with  fuscous, 
above  almost  wholly  fuscous,  separated  by  a  pallid  testaceous  streak 
from  the  broad  piceous  postoeular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  ele- 
vated slightly  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
nearly  (male)  or  fully  (female)  half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  antenna! 
joint;  fastigium  gently  declivent,  broadly  and  in  the  female  slightly 
silicate;  frontal  costa  fading  before  the  clypeus,  equal,  nearly  (male)  or 
quite  (female)  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sul- 
cate  at  and  briefly  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  moder- 
ately large,  moderately  and  in  the  two  sexes  equally  prominent,  but 
little  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae ;  antennae  basally 
ferruginous.  Prouotum  feebly  and  gradually  enlarging  from  in  front 
posteriorly,  the  disk  blackish  fuscous  with  lateral  stripes  of  pallid  testa- 
ceous at  least  in  the  male,  the  lateral  lobes  testaceous  or  ferruginous, 
with  a  very  broad  piceous  postocular  band  confined  to  the  prozona; 
disk  considerably  convex,  passing  by  a  slight  shoulder  (better  marked 
in  the  female  than  in  the  male  and  forming  feeble  lateral  cariuae)  into 
the  tumid  but  inferiorly  vertical  lateral  lobes ;  median  cariua  low  but 
tolerably  distinct,  equal,  percurrent;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  mar- 
gin rotundato-obtusangulate;  prozona  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate 
(female),  nearly  a  half  (male)  or  about  a  fourth  (female)  longer  than  the 
shallowly  but  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  stout  and  not 


NO.  1124.  EEriSIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  275 

very  long,  appressed  conical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesoster- 
nal  lobes  a  little  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  but 
narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  about  as  long  as 
the  pronotum,  attingent,  elliptical,  but  attenuate  basally,  well  rounded 
apically,  a  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  dark  brownish  fuscous. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  not 
very  slender,  blackish  fuscous  on  the  upper  two-thirds  of  the  outer 
face  inclosing  a  small  median  testaceous  spot,  fuscous  on  the  upper  face 
externally,  with  the  outer  carina  dull  flavous,  the  inner  face  and  inner 
half  of  upper  face  flavous  more  or  less  broadly  bimaculate  or  bifasciate 
with  fuscous,  the  lower  third  of  outer  face  flavous,  becoming  pale  orange 
below  like  the  lower  face,  the  genicular  arc  black  and  the  lower  genicu- 
lar  lobe  more  or  less  infuscated;  hind  tibiae  pale  red  or  glaucous,  pallid 
at  extreme  base,  the  spines  black  on  the  apical  half,  nine  to  eleven  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  strongly 
clavate,  strongly  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  concealed  in  the  single 
specimen  seen ;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very  distant,  very  slight, 
parallel  spines,  shorter  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  large  and 
broad,  wholly  inbent,  subequal  laminae,  somewhat  and  not  very  broadly 
constricted  in  the  middle,  the  apical  portion  as  broad  as  and  longer  than 
the  basal,  and  broadly  and  angularly  sulcate,  apically  angulate,  the 
whole  somewhat  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad ;  subgenital  plate 
somewhat  longer  than  the  basal  breadth,  subequal  except  for  the  ele- 
vation of  the  apical  margin,  which,  as  seen  from  above,  is  transverse, 
entire,  and  makes  the  apical  breadth  equal  to  the  length. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  tegmiua,  male  and 
female,  4.5  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male  and  female,  11  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Magdalena,  Socorro  County,  New  Mexico,  July, 
F.  H.  Snow  (University  of  Kansas). 

The  antennae  of  both  specimens  are  imperfect.  The  species  is  named 
for  Chancellor  F.  H.  Snow,  of  the  University  of  Kansas,  and  Mr.  W.  A. 
Snow,  of  the  same  institution,  father  and  son,  entomologists  of  note. 

19.  FEMUE-EUBEUM  SEEIES. 

This  is  a  dominant  and  homogeneous  group  of  medium  or  rather  small- 
sized  species,  in  which  the  male  prozona  varies  from  slightly  transverse 
to  slightly  longitudinal,  and  the  interspace  between  the  niesosternal 
lobes  in  the  same  sex  is  as  in  the  spretus  series.  The  tegmiua  are 
always  fully  developed  or  a  little  abbreviated  (so  as  to  fall  a  little 
short  of  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora),  immaculate  or  slightly  maculate 
along  the  middle  line.  The  hind  tibiae  are  normally  red  and  have  ten 
to  fourteen  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  clypeate,  longer  than  broad  and  mesially  con- 
stricted. The  furcula  consists  of  a  pair  of  parallel  or  nearly  parallel, 
long  or  moderately  long,  generally  separated,  slender,  tapering,  sub- 
cylindrical  fingers  or  spines.  The  cerci  are  compressed  subfalcate 


276  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

laminae,  the  apical  half  generally  about  half  as  broad  as  the  base, 
arcuate  and  with  the  upper  inner  portion  of  the  tip  produced.  The 
subgenital  plate  is  peculiar  for  being  very  broad  at  base  and  narrowing 
so  as  to  be  at  apex  only  about  half  as  broad  as  at  base  (which  does  not 
show  in  the  figures),  the  whole  lower  margin  nearly  straight  while  the 
upper  is  sinuous,  the  apical  margin  not  elevated,  entire  (in  one  species 
very  broadly  and  shallowly  emarginate,  or  rather  laterally  tuberculate) 
and,  as  viewed  above,  broadly  rounded. 

The  species,  five  in  number,  are  spread  all  over  the  continent  from 
Atlantic  to  Pacific,  from  central  Labrador  to  central  Florida,  and  from 
central  Alaska,  the  Mackenzie  Kiver  and  Hudson  Bay  to  Texas  and 
central  Mexico;  they  also  extend  to  high  altitudes  above  the  forest  line. 
No  other  series  of  Melanoplus  has  quite  so  wide  an  area  of  distribution, 
the  bivittatus- series,  however,  approaching  it  closely. 

81.  MELANOPLUS    PLUMBEUS. 
(Plate  XVIII,  fig.  8.) 

Caloptenus  plumbum  DODGE!,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  112.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S. 

Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 
Melanoplus  plumbeus  BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XVIII  (1893), 

pp.  32-33,  fig.  16;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  So.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28. 

Of  medium  size,  very  dark  fusco- olivaceous,  with  bright  luteous  or 
flavous  markings.  Head  feebly  prominent,  mostly  luteous  or  flavous, 
more  or  less  infusca>ted  above  and  especially  clouded  or  flecked  with 
fuscous  along  the  lateral  margins  of  the  fastigium  and  posterior  to 
them,  and  with  a  blackish  postocular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid, 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly  (male)  or  more  than  (female) 
half  as  broad  again  as  the  first  anteunal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  decliv- 
ent,  feebly  expanding  anteriorly,  shallowly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal 
costa  somewhat  prominent  above,  slightly  contracted  between  the 
antennae,  otherwise  subequal  and  as  wide  as  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  hardly  reaching  the  clypeus,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the 
ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  throughout;  eyes  moderately  large,  not 
very  prominent,  distinctly  longer,  especially  in  the  female,  than  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  more  or  less  ferruginous, 
apically  infuscated,  less  than  three- fourths  (male)  or  hardly  more  than 
one-half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  very 
feebly  and  uniformly  expanding  posteriorly,  especially  in  the  female, 
the  disk  dark  fusco-olivaceous,  with  a  slender,  median,  flavous  stripe 
and  more  or  less  distinct  lateral  stripes  of  the  same  upon  the  carinae, 
expanding  upon  the  metazona,  the  lateral  lobes  mostly  flavous  (some- 
times obscured  with  fuscous),  the  prozona  marked  above  with  a  broad 
piceous  band;  disk  nearly  plane,  passing  by  abruptly  rounded  shoul- 
ders, hardly  forming  true  carinae,  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes ;  median 
carina  distinct  but  slight  throughout,  hardly  less  elevated  on  the  pro- 
zona; front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozoua 


NO.  11 24.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA N  0  PLI—SC  UDDER.  277 

quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  a  little  transverse  (female), 
scarcely  or  not  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  moderately  long,  erect,  cylindrical,  in  the  female  slightly  appressed, 
blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  half  as  long  again 
as  broad  (male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female).  Tegmina  generally  sur- 
passing a  little  the  hind  femora,  of  moderate  breadth,  distinctly  tapering, 
olivaceo-fuscous,  immaculate  or  with  a  feeble  line  of  minute  maculations 
along  the  discoidal  area;  wings  hyaline,  glistening  and  iridescent,  with 
pale  fuscous  veins  darker  next  the  apex.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
scarcely  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  blackish  olivaceous  on  the 
outer  face  excepting  sometimes  on  the  lower  margin,  elsewhere  flavous 
or  luteo-flavous,with  two  broad  blackish  olivaceous  maculatious  above, 
especially  on  the  inner  side;  hind  tibiae  feebly  valgate,  red,  the  spines 
black  excepting  at  base,  eleven  to  thirteen  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably  clavate,  somewhat 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  subclypeate  but  mesially  contracted, 
apically  rectaugulate,  the  margins  considerably  elevated,  forming 
deep  valleys  between  them  and  the  opposite  curved  ridges  border- 
ing the  median  sulcus;  the  latter  is  deep,  gradually  contracts  toward 
the  middle  and  then  rapidly  expands  and  shallows  (in  the  specimen 
chosen  for  illustration  the  apical  portion  is  concealed);  furcula consist- 
ing of  a  pair  of  basally  adjacent,  apically  tapering,  parallel,  acuminate 
fingers,  nearly  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  lying  in  the  valleys 
of  the  same;  cerci  subfalciform  lamellae,  which  taper  rapidly  in  the 
basal  half  and  beyond  are  less  than  half  as  broad,  slightly  incurved 
and  upcurved,  apically  tapering  by  the  curve  of  the  lower  margin,  the 
tip  blunt  and  falling  short  of  the  extremity  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
subgenital  plate  broad  at  base,  narrowing  rapidly,  the  extremity  hardly 
more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base,  the  lateral  margins  strongly  arcu- 
ate, the  apical  margin  even,  entire,  well  rounded. 

Length  of  body,  male  20  mm.,  female  25  mm. ;  antennae,  male  8.5  mm., 
female  6.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male  17  mm.,  female  17.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male  12  mm.,  female  13.25  mm. 

Fifteen  males,  29  females.  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison  (S.  Hen- 
shaw;  S.  H.  Scudder;  U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Pueblo,  Colorado, 
4,700  feet,  August  30-31;  Colorado  Springs,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado, 
August,  E.  S.  Tucker  (University  of  Kansas);  Manitou,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado  (L.  Bruner);  Topeka,  Shawnee  County,  Kansas, 
October  31 ;  Nebraska,  Dodge. 

I  )odge  originally  described  it  from  Glencoe,  Dodge  County,  Nebraska, 
and  it  has  since  been  recorded  by  Bruner  from  Canyon  City,  Fremont 
County,  Colorado,  and  the  plains  of  Wyoming. 

This  species,  especially  in  life,  is  strikingly  different  from  the  next 
two  in  coloring,  though  the  male  abdominal  appendages  are  exceedingly 
similar.  According  to  Bruner.  it  is  more  clumsy  in  its  movements  than 
M.  femur -nibrutn. 


278  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX, 

82.  MELANOPLUS  FEMUR-RUBRUM. 
(Plates  I,  fig.  ft;  XIX,  figs.  1-4.) 

Acridiumfemur-rubrumDEGEERl,  Me"m.  Hist.  Ins.,  Ill  (1773),  p.  498,  pi.  XLII,  fig. 
5.— GOEZE,  De  Geer,  Gesch.  Ins.,  Ill  (1780),  p.  324,  pi.  XLIII,  fig.  5.—  HARKIS, 
Hitchc.  Rep.  Mass.  (1833),  p. 583;  ibid.,  2ded.  (1835), p.  576;  Cat.  Anim.  Mass, 
(1835),  p.  56;  Treat.  Ins.  Inj.  Veg.  (1841, 1842),  p.  141 ;  ibid.,  2d  ed.  (1852),  p. 
151 ;  ibid.,  3d  ed.  (1862),  p.  174. 

Gryllus  (Locusta)  femur-rubrum  GOEZE,  Ent.  Beytr.,  II  (1778),  p.  115. 

Gryllus  (Locusta}  erythropus  GMELIN,  Linn.,  Syst.  Nat.,  I,  Pt.  iv  (1788),  p.  2086. 

Acridium  femorale  OLIVIER,  Enc.  M6th.,  VI  (1791),  p.  228. 

Gryllus  erythropus  TURTON,  Syst.  Nat.  Linn.,  II  (1806),  p.  568. 

Caloptenus  femur-rubrum  BURMEISTER,  Haiidb.  Eutom.,  II  (1838),  p.  638.— PACK- 
ARD, Rep.  Nat.  Hist.  Me.,  1861  (1861),  p.  374.— SCUDDER,  Can.  Nat.,  VII  (1802), 
p.  287;  Bost.  Journ.  Nat.  Hist.,  VII  (1862),  p.  464.— WALSH,  Trans.  111.  St. 
Agric.  Soc.,  V  (1865),  p.  497;  Pract.  Ent.,  II  (1866),  p.  1.— GLOVER,  Rep.  U.  S. 
Dep.  Agric.,  1867  (1867),  p.  65.— PACKARD,  Amer.  Nat.,  I  (1867),  p.  330.— SCUD- 
DER, Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XII  (1868),  p.  87.— SMITH,  Proc.  Portl.  Soc. 
Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1868),  p.  150.— WALSH,  Rep.  Ins.  111.,  1  (1868),  p.  99.— WALSH, 
RILEY,  Amer.  Ent.,  I  (1868),  p.  16.— PACKARD,  Guide  Ins.  (1869),  p.  569.— 
R[ATHVON],  Amer.  Ent.,  II  (1869-70),  p.  88.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit. 
Mus.,  IV(1870),  p.  678.— GLOVER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1870  (1870),  p.  76,  fig. 
32;  ibid.,  1871  (1871),  p.  78,  fig.  12.— KOPPEN,  Peterm.  Geogr.  Mitth.,  1871 
(1871),  p.  361.— THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1871),  p.  265; 
(pars),  ibid.,  V  (1872),  p.  451.— DODGE,  Can.  Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  15.— SMITH, 
Rep.  Conn.  Bd.  Agric.,  1872  (1872),  pp.  362,  381,  fig.— WALKER,  Can.  Ent.,  IV 
(1872),  p.  30.—  LEBARON,  Ann.  Rep.  Nox.  Ins.  111.,  II  (1872),  p.  158.— SCUD- 
DER, Fin.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Nebr.  (1872),  pp.  250,  252,  253-257.— GLOVER, 
111.  N.  A.  But.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  v,  fig.  11,  pi.  vui,  fig.  2;  Rep.  U.  S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  1872  (1872),  p.  121;  ibid.,  1873  (1873),  p.  136,  fig.  6.— THOMAS  (pars), 
Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  163.— PACKARD,  Amer.  Nat.,  VIII 
(1874),  p.  502.— RILEY,  Ann.  Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VII  (1875),  p.  126,  figs.  26,  29.— 
BETHUNE,  Ann.  Rep.  Ent.  Soc,  Out.,  1874  (1875),  fig.  33.— THOMAS,  Key  111. 
Orth.  (1875),  p.  3;  Proc.  Dav.  Acad.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.  260;  Bull.  111.  Mus. 
Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876),  p.  68.— WHITMAN,  Grasshopper  (1876),  pp.  18-19,  2  figs.— 
RILEY,  Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VIII  (1876),  pp.  114-118,  153;  ibid.,  IX  (1877),  p.  86; 
LOG.  Plague  (1877),  pp.  14-17,  27,  figs.  1,  4.—  BESSEY,  Biemi.  Rep.  Iowa  Agric. 
Coll.,  VII  (1877),  p.  209.— PACKARD,  Amer.  Nat.,  XI  (1877),  p. 422.— RILEY, 
ibid.,  XI  (1877),  p.  665.— BRUNER,  Can.  But.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— THOMAS,  Rep. 
Ent.  111.,  VI  (1877),  p.  45;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  IV  (1878),  p.  499; 
Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comrn.,  I  (1878),  pp.  50-52;  Aim.  Rep.  Chief  Eug.,  1878  (1878), 
p.  1845.— PACKARD,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  1(1878),  pp.  77,  135,  [141-144].— 
RILEY,  ibid.,  I  (1878),  pp.  220,  224,  225,  226,  284,  299,  444-446,  447,  458,  pi.  11; 
Amer.  Nat.,  XII  (1878),  p.  285.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  VII  (1878),  pp.  35, 
38-40,  figs.  5,  7.— GIRARD,  Trait6  dle'm.  d'ent.,  II  (1879),  p.  248.— RILEY,  Amer. 
Ent.,  Ill  (1880),  p.  220.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  91,  95-96, 
124-126,  figs.  22-23;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  pp.  106-107.— PACKARD, 
Amer.  Nat.,  XV  (1881),  pp.  285-302,  372-379,  pl.i;  Nat.  Leis.  Hour,  V  (1881), 
No.  4,  p.  8,  figs.— BOWLES,  Ann.  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Out.,  1880(1881),  p.  29,  fig.  11.— 
LINTNER,  Ins.  Clover  (1881),  p.  5 ;  Ann.  Rep.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  I  (1882),  p.  7,  fig.  3b.— 
GRATACAP,  Amer.  Nat.,  XVI  (1882),  p.  1022. — BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm., 
Ill  (1883),  pp.  10, 14, 54.— SAUNDERS,  Ins.  Inj.  Fruit  (1883),  p.  157,  fig.  164,- 
OSBORN,  Bull.  Iowa  Agric.  Coll.,  Dept.  Ent.,  II  (1884),  p.  83.— BRUNER,  Rep. 
U.  S.  Eut.,  1884  (1885),  p.  399.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1.8HH), 
pp.  66, 67,  fig.  20.— COOK,  Ent.  Amer.,  I  (1886),  p.  209;  Beal's  Grasses  N.  A.,  I 


NO.  1124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  279 

(1887),  pp.  373,  396,  409,  fig.  157.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  I  (1888),  p.  87.— WEED, 
Bull.  Ohio  Exp.  St.,  Techu.  Ser.,I  (1889),  p.  40.— LUGGER,  Rep.  Agric.  Exp. 
St.  Miuii.  (1889),  p.  339,  figs.  12,  It;  Bull.  Agric.  Exp.  St.  Minn.,  VIII  (1889), 
pp.  32,  33,  pi.  ii.— MANX,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  II  (1890),  p.  73.— PACKARD, 
Ins.  Inj.  For.  (1890),  p.  513.— RILEY,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXV 
(1891),  pp.  27-28,  fig.  5.— OSBORX,  Goss,  Bull.  Iowa  Exp.  St.,  XIV  (1891), 
p.  175.— HOWARD,  Ins.  Life,  VII  (1895),  p.  274.— WILLCOX,  Bull.  Mus.  Comp. 
ZooL,  XXVII  (1895),  pp.  9-28,  pis.  m-v;  ibid.,  XXIX  (1896),  pp.  193-203, 
pis.  i-ni. 

Acridium  (Caloptenua)  femur-rubrum  DE  HAAN,  Bijdr.  Kenn.  Orth.  (1842),  p.  143.— 
RATHVON,  Rep.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1862  (1862),  p.  384,  pi.,  fig.  23. 

Pezotettix  (Melanoplus)  femur-rubrum  STAL,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  79. 

Melanoplus  femur-rubrum  SCUDDER!,  Hitchc.  Rep.  Geol.  N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p.  375; 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  pp.  285,  287;  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878), 
pp.  44,46;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  App.,  p.  24.— BRUNER,  ibid., 

III  (1883),  p.  60;  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885),  p.  17;  (pars),  Bull.  Washb.  Coll., 
I  (1885),  p.  137.— FLETCHER,  Rep.  Ent.  Can.,  1885  (1885),  p.  10,  fig.  2.— CAUL- 
FIELD,  Can.  Ent.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  212.— RILEY,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886)- 
p.  233.— BRUXER,  ibid.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  303,307;  Bull.  Div.  Ent, U.S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  XIII  (1887),  p.  33;  Rep.Eiit.  Nebr.  Bd.  Agric.,  1888  (1888),  p.  88,  tig. 
5.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1888),  p.  71.— COMSTOCK,  Intr. 
Ent.  (1888),  pp.  108, 110,  figs.  83,  98.— FERNALD,  Orth.  N.  E.  (1888),  pp.  31,  33; 
Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  pp.  115,  117.— FLETCHER,  Rep.  Exp. 
Farms  Can.,  1888  (1889),  p.  63,  fig.  6;  Ann.  Rep.  Ent.  Soc,  Ont.,  XIX  (1889), 
p.  10,  fig.  7.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  II  (1889),  p.  87.— DAVIS,  Ent,  Amer.,  V  (1889) 
p.  81.— SMITH,  Cat.   Ins.  N.  J.  (1890),  p.  412.— LIXTNER,  Rep.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  VI 
(1890),  pp.  151-153,  fig.  23.— KOEBELE,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  XXII 
(1890),  p.  94.— TOWXSEXD,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  II  (1891),  p.  43.— BLATCH- 
LEY,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  98.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  194; 
Ins.  Life,  III  (1891),  p.  229;  ibid.,  IV  (1891),  p.  22;  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Oiit.,XXII 
(1891),  pp.  48-49.— SOUTHWICK,  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  p.  24.— COOK,  ibid.,  IV 
(1891),  p.  24.— WEBSTER,  ibid.,  IV  (1891),  p.  24.— SOUTHWICK,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc. 
Ont.,   XXII  (1891),  p.  5.— COOK,  ibid.,  XXII  (1891),  p.  5.— WEBSTER,  ibid., 
XXII  (1891),  p.  5.— BRUXER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXIII  (1891), 
p.  59.— MCXEILL,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  74.— OSBORN,  Goss,  Bull.  Iowa  Agric. 
Exp.  St.,  XV  (1891),  p.  267.— BRUXER,  Ann.  Rep.  St.  Bd.  Agric.  Nebr.,  1891 
(1891),  pp.  243, 306,  fig.  80;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII  (1892),  pp. 
24,  33.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  n  (1892),  p.  118.— KELLOGG,  Inj. 
Ins.  Kans.  (1892),  pp.  41-42.— SMITH,  Bull.  N.  J.  Exp.  St.,  XC  (1892),  pp.  4,  6, 
31,  fig.  4f.— SCUDDER,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXIII  (1893),  p.  75.— BRUNER, 
Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28;  Rep.  Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893;, 
pp.  458-459,  fig.  98.— OSBORX,    Ins.  Life,  V  (1893),  pp.    323-325;  ibid.,  VI 
(1893),  pp.  80-81;  Papers  Iowa  Ins.  (18G3),  p.  57,"  fig.  27.— SMITH,  Ent.  News, 

IV  (1893),  p.  48.— TOWXSEXD,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  31.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div. 
Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  30-32,  fig.  15;  ibid.,  XXX  (1893), 
p.  35;  Rep.  St.  Agric.  Soc.  Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  pp.  163,  205,  fig.  68.—  ASHMEAD, 
Ins.  Life,  VII  (1894),  p.  26.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  pp.  53, 106.— BEUTEN- 
MULLER,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  p.  306,  pi.  vm,  fig.  7.— 
COCKERELL,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.,  XX  (1894),  p.  337.— BRUNER,  Nebr.  St. 
Hort.  Rep.,  1895  (1895),  p.  69.— COMSTOCK,  Elem.  Ins.  Anat.  (1895),  pp.  8-27; 
Man.  Study  Ins.  (1895),  p.  110,  fig.  120.— LIXTNER,  Rep.  St.  Mus.  N.  Y.,  XL VIII 
(1895),  pp.  440-443,  fig.  19.— WILLCOX,  Observer,  VII  (1896),  pp.  184-192, 
figs.  1-4,  6-9, 11-16. 

CaJoptent(8  derorator  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  pp.  474- 
475 ;  Ent.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  pp.  73-74 ;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  18-19.— THOMAS, 
Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42. 


280  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


VOL.  XX. 


Caloptenus  sanguinolentua  PROVAXCHER!,  Nat.  Can.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  109. 

Caloptenus  atlanis  PROVAXCHER!,  Faune  Ent.  Can.,  II  (1877),  p.  35. 

Pezotettix  femnr-rubrum  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V  (1878),  No.  9, 

p.  13.— FORBES,  Rep.  Ins.  111.,  XIII  (1884),  pp.  62,  87,  pi.  x,  fig.  1;  ibid.,  XIV 

(1885),  p.  23.— WEED,  Misc.  Ess.  Econ.  Ent.  111.  (1886),  p.  48.— HUNT,  ibid. 

(1886),  pp.  119,  126.— WEED,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  XV  (1889),  p.  40.— GARMAX,  Orth. 

Ky.  (1894),  pp.  3,  8. 
Melanoplm  interior  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  71-72; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  60-61.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 

p.  61. 

Melanoplus  devorator  SCUDDER,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  84. 
Caloptenus  (Melanoplus}  femur-riorum  CAULFIELD,  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401; 

Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  17. 

f\  Of  medium  size,  brownish  fuscous,  often  with  a  more  or  less  feeble 
ferruginous  tinge,  particularly  in  the  female.  Head  a  little  prominent, 
olivaceo  plumbeous,  above  much  infuscated,  especially  in  a  pair  of  wid- 
ening stripes  behind  the  lateral  margins  of  the  fastigium,  and  with  a 
piceous  postocular  stripe ;  interspace  between  the  eyes  distinctly  wider 
than  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  wide  as  (female)  the  first  anteunal  joint; 
fastigium  strongly  declivent,  considerably  (male)  or  shallowly  (female) 
sulcate,  but  variable;  frontal  costa  just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus, 
subequal,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and 
below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  moderately  prom- 
inent in  the  male,  not  at  all  so  in  the  female,  much  longer,  especially 
in  the  male,  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  fer- 
ruginous or  luteo-ferruginous,  often  a  little  infuscated  apically,  about 
four-fifths  (male)  or  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  feebly  and  rather  regularly  expanding  posteriorly,  the  disk 
faintly  convex  and  passing  by  a  well-rounded  shoulder  (somewhat 
abruptly  on  the  metazona)  into  the  anteriorly  tumid  vertical  lateral 
lobes,  the  disk  generally  darker  than  the  lower  portion  of  the  lat- 
eral lobes  (occasionally  by  a  darker  punctation)  sometimes  irregularly 
marked  with  luteous,  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  crossed  by  a 
broad  piceous  band  on  the  prozona,  the  lower  portion  more  or  less 
closely  copying  the_^pjoring  of  the  face  but  usually  a  little  darker; 
median  carina  slight,  percufrent,  a  little  (rarely  much)  less  distinct  on 
the  prozona  than  on  the  metazona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  very 
faintly  and  very  narrowly  flaring,  at  least  in  the  male;  hind  margin 
obtusangulate,  more  obtusely  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  prozoua 
quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  feebly  transverse,  rarely  quad- 
rate (female),  slightly  or  not  longer  than  the  closely  but  shallowly 
punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  large,  appressed  cylindrical, 
very  blunt,  often  niesially  constricted  a  little,  feebly  retrorse;  interspace 
between  inesosternal  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  a 
little  longer  than  broad  (female).  Tegmina  (Plate  I,  fig.  // )  almost  invari- 
ably surpassing,  sometimes  but  slightly,  more  often  considerably,  the 
hind  femora,  of  moderate  breadth,  distinctly  though  very  gradually 
tapering,  brownish  fuscous,  sometimes  immaculate,  sometimes  sprinkled 


KO.H24.  REVISION  OF  THE  VELASOPLI—SCUDDER.  281 

with  fuscous  dots  of  greater  or  less  depth  and  distinctness  throughout 
the  greater  part  of  the  discoidal  area,  but  rarely  to  any  considerable 
extent  or  conspicuousuess  beyond  the  middle;  wings  moderately  broad, 
hyaline,  glistening,  with  fuscous  veins  and  cross  veins  darkest  apically 
and  anteriorly.  Thoracic  pleura  piceous  or  blackish  fuscous,  the  meta- 
thoracic  episterna  with  a  mesial  streak  of  flavous  of  greater  or  less 
clarity.  Fore  and  middle  femora  distinctly  but  not  greatly  tumid  in 
the  male;  hind  femorai  olivaceo- testaceous,  more  or  less  heavily  and 
very  variably  obscured  or  clouded  with  fuscous,  the  fuscous  coloring 
generally  confined  to  the  upper  half,  and  above  generally  concentrated 
in  two  fasciae,  which  sometimes  extend  partly  in  an  oblique  direction 
on  the  outer  face,  but  generally  in  a  very  obscure  fashion,  if  at  all, 
while  the  whole  under  surface  and  at  least  the  basal  half  of  the  inner 
surface  is  more  or  less  impure  flavous,  sometimes  deepening,  especially 
beneath,  to  ferruginous  or  even  carmine;  hind  tibiae  normally  red, 
sometimes  with  a  slight  fuscous  patellar  spot,  occasionally  more  or 
less  tinged  with  yellowish,  very  rarely  pale  green  with  a  yellowish 
tinge,  the  spines  black  nearly  to  their  base,  ten  to  thirteen,  usually 
eleven,  in  number  in  th.e  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
rather  strongly  clavate,  well  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  clypeate, 
strongly  and  rather  abruptly  contracted  mesially.  the  apex  subreet- 
angulate,  the  lateral  margins  elevated,  the  apical  portion  more  or  less 
cleflexed,  the  median  sulcus  rather  large,  not  very  deep,  bounded  by 
moderate  but  rather  abrupt  walls,  apically  expanding  and  obsoles- 
cent; furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subparallel  or  sometimes  feebly 
divergent,  tapering,  subacuminate,  apjcally  well  separated,  more  or 
less  feebly  depressed  fingers,  falling  a  little  short  of  the  middle  of  the 
supraanal  plate,  and  except  at  extreme  base  lying  on  the  outer  side  of 
the  ridges  bounding  its  median  sulcus;  cerci  rudely  subfalciform,  com- 
pressed laminae,  tapering  considerably  and  rather  rapidly  from  base  to 
middle,  beyond  that  subequal  but  apically  very  obliquely  truncate,  so 
that  the  upper  angle  is  considerably  produced  but  blunt,  the  whole 
somewhat  incurved  and  failing  to  reach  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate; 
infracercal  plates  exceedingly  broad  at  base,  extending  laterally  far 
beyond  the  sides  of  the  cerci,  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgeni- 
tal  plate  very  short  apically  so  as  to  be  less  than  half  the  breadth  of 
the  base,  the  lower  margin  straight,  the  lateral  margin  very  sinuous, 
the  apical  margin  not  elevated,  strongly  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23.5  mm.,  female,  24.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
10  mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  19.75  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  14.25  mm. 

Five  hundred  and  seven  males,  556  females.  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia, 
H.  Piers;  Montreal,  Canada,  Caulfield;  Grand  Manan  Island  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology) ;  Eastport,  Washington  County,  Maine,  Yerrill 
(same);  Moosehead  Lake,  Maine;  Norway,  Oxford  County,  Maine, 
Smith  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Bridgton,  Cumberland  County, 


282  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MVSErM.  VOL.XX. 

Maine  (S.  Henshaw) ;  York,  Maine  (same) ;  Bethlehem,  Grafton  County, 
New  Hampshire,  L.  Agassiz  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology;  S.  Hen- 
shaw); White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire,  the  subalpiue  region  and 
valleys  (S.  H.  Ssudder;  S.  Henshaw;  A.  P.  Morse);  Hancock,  Hillsboro 
County,  New  Hampshire  (S.  Henshaw) ;  Mount  Kearsarge,  2,000  to  3,251 
feet  (A. P.  Morse) ;  Sudbury,  Eutlaud  County,  Vermont;  Bridport,  Addi- 
son  County,  Vermont,  Miss  A.  M.  Edmands  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology);  Chateaugay  Lake,  Adirondacks,  New  York,  2,000  feet,  F. 
C.  Bowditch;  summit  of  Greylock,  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts 
(A.  P.  Morse;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Williamstown,  Berkshire  County,  Massa- 
chusetts; Adams,  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts  (A.  P.  Morse); 
Springfield,  Hampden  County,  Massachusetts,  Allen  (Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology);  Warwick,  Franklin  County,  Massachusetts,  Miss 
A.  M.  Edmands  (same);  North  Andover,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts, 
Emerton  (same) ;  Salem,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  Kingsley  (same) ; 
numerous  localities  in  the  vicinity  of  Boston,  Massachusetts  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology ;  A.  P.  Morse;  S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Prov- 
incetown,  Barnstable  County,  Massachusetts ;  Nantucket,  Massachusetts 
(S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Penikese  Island,  Massachusetts  (Mu- 
seum Comparative  Zoology);  Canaan  and  South  Kent,  Litchfield 
County,  Connecticut  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  Long  Island,  New  York ;  Mary- 
land, Uhler;  Washington,  D.  C.  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology; 
U.S.N.M.;  S.  Henshaw);  Pattonville,  Cambria  County,  Pennsylvania, 
Shaler  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Vigo  County,  Indiana  ( W.  S. 
Blatchley);  Agricultural  College,  Mississippi,  H.  E.  Weed;  Michigan, 
M.  Miles;  Detroit,  Michigan,  H.  Gillman;  Illinois,  Thomas  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection) ;  northern  Illinois,  Kennicott;  Ogle  County,  Illinois, 
Allen;  Chicago,  Cook  County,  Illinois;  West  Northfield,  Cook  County, 
Illinois,  Kennicott  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Moline,  Eock  Island 
County,  Illinois,  McNeill;  southern  Illinois,  Barnes  (Museum  Compara- 
tive Zoology);  Newport,  Campbell  County,  Kentucky,  Willard  (Mu- 
seum Comparative  Zoology);  Minnesota;  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  Kenni- 
cott; Muscatiue,  Iowa,  Witten  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Dallas 
County,  Iowa,  Allen,  "rather  common;"  Crawford  County,  Iowa, 
Allen;  Brookfield,  Linn  County,  Missouri,  E.  P.  Austin;  Bushberg, 
Jefferson  County,  Missouri  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  St.  Louis, 
Missouri  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  New  Madrid,  Missouri,  Kennicott; 
Booue  County ,  Missouri  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Topeka,  Kansas; 
West  Point,  Curning  County,  Nebraska  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;; 
Nebraska  City,  Otoe  County,  Nebraska,  Hayden;  PlatteEiver,  Nebraska, 
Haydeu;  Fort  Eobinson,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection);  Colorado  (same);  Denver,  Colorado;  Garden  of  the  Gods, 
El  Paso  County,  Colorado;  Pueblo,  Colorado,  4,700  feet;  Garland, 
Costilla  County,  Colorado,  8,000  feet;  Colorado,  latitude  38°,  Lieu- 
tenant Beckwith;  Fruita,  Mesa  County,  Colorado  (U.S.N.M.);  White 
Eiver,  Eio  Blanco  County,  Colorado;  Dakota,  Eothhammer;  Yellow- 
stone, Hayden;  Yellowstone,  Montana  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection); 


NO.  1124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  UELAXOPLI-  SC  UDDEE.  283 

Montana  (same);  Yellowstone  National  Park;  Salmon  City,  Lemlii 
County,  Idaho  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection;  L.  Brnuer);  British 
Columbia  and  Vancouver  Island,  Crotch ;  Portland,  Multnomah  County, 
Oregon,  H.  Edwards  (S.  H.  Scudder;  U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection); 
Sissons^JJiakiyQu.  County ,XaMforrrht;  Packard  (same);  Sierra  Nevada, 
Wheeler's  Expedition,  1876;  Camp  Hallock,  Nevada,  E.  Palmer;  Glen- 
brook,  Douglas  County,  Nevada  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection) ;  Utah  (L. 
Bruner);  Utah,  Packard  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Salt  Lake 
Valley,  Utah,  4,300  feet  (S.  H.  Scudder;  U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection); 
Spring  Lake  Villa,  Utah  County,  Utah,  E.  Palmer  (same) ;  Provo,  Utah 
County,  Utah;  Wahsatch  Mountains,  near  Beaver,  Utah,  Palmer; 
Fort  Whipple,  Y/avapai  County,  Arizona,  E.  Palmer;  Las  Cruces, 
Donna  Ana  County,  New  Mexico,  Cockerell  (L.  Brunei');  Texas,  Bel- 
frage,  Lincecum;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (S.  H.  Scudder;  U.S.N.M.— Eiley 
collection);  San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  col- 
lection); Carrizo  Springs,  Dimrnit  County,  Texas,  A.  Wadgymar  (L. 
Bruuer);  Mexico,  Botteri,  Surnichrast;  Guanajuato,  Mexico  (U.S.N.M.); 
Queretaro,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner) ;  Otoyac,  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico,  2,700  feet 
(same). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Arctic  America1  (Walker);  Great 
Bear  Lake1  (Scudder);  Labrador l  (Packard);  Canada  (Bethune,  Caul, 
field,  Fletcher) ;  Quebec  (Provancher) ;  Mount  Ktaadn,  Maine  (Packard); 
New  Jersey  (Smith);  Pennsylvania  (De  Geer);  Ohio  and  West  Vir- 
ginia (Glover) ;  Kentucky  (Glover,  Garmau) ;  Tennessee  (De  Haan),  and 
Wyoming  (Thomas).  Specimens  from  Florida  which  I  formerly  referred 
to  this  species  probably  belong  to  the  next. 

It  therefore  appears  to  inhabit  the  entire  United  States  and  the  set- 
tled parts  of  Canada,  excepting  only  Alaska  and  also  the  southeastern 
United  States  (where  it  is  replaced  by  the  next  species),  and  occurs 
south  of  our  border  as  far  as  central  Mexico. 

The  species  described  by  me  as  J/\  interior  was  based  upon  specimens 
from  Utah  and  other  parts  of  the  interior  of  the  western  country,  which 
seem  to  differ  from  those  found  elsewhere  in  having  cerci  which  taper 
more  gradually  and  show  less  contrast  in  the  width  of  the  basal  and 
apical  halves,  and  at  tip  are  blunter  and  less  manifestly  truncater  in 
which  also  the  forks  of  the  furcula  are  relatively  longer  and  more 
strictly  parallel,  the  tegmiua  rather  shorter  and  generally  lacking  any 
maculatioii  whatever;  the  prostemal  spine  also  is  more  frequently  coin- 
pressed  before  the  tumid  tip ;  but  on  comparing  a  large  series  of  speci- 
mens from  these  western  regions  I  find  it  impossible  to  draw  any  line 
of  demarcation,  some  specimens  having  some  but  not  other  of  these 
characteristics,  so  that  I  can  only  regard  the  species  as  in  a  state  of 
flux  in  this  region,  preparing,  as  it  were,  to  divide  into  distinct  races 
not  yet  clearly  enough  defined  to  distinguish  them. 

1  The  first  three  references  are  doubtful ;  they  probably  belong  to  M,  extremes. 


284  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

„"]/.  devorator  was  founded  upon  specimens  of  strikingly  contrasted 
coloration  found  in  Texas,  which  I  have  since  seen  from  many  other 
places;  but  as  they  are  united  with  the  type  by  complete  series  of 
intergrades,  I  am  forced  to  conclude  them  to  be  only  extreme  color- 
ational  variations,  which  can  not  be  dignified  even  as  races. 

Specimens  with  green  or  greenish  hind  tibiae  have  been  seen  by  me 
from  the  alpine  region  of  the  White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire,  Cape 
Cod,  Nantucket,  Great  Island,  and  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  Utah, 
Carrizo  Springs,  Texas,  and  Querataro,  Mexico. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  this  is  the  true  femur-riibrum  of  De  Geer, 
since  Stal  has  described  the  anal  cerci  of  the  male  from  the  type  of 
De  Geer's  description,  and  I  myself  made  direct  comparisons  with 
varied  material  when  in  Sweden,  nearly  thirty  years  ago. 

In  Hayden's  report  on  the  survey  of  Nebraska  (1872),  I  collected 
several  accounts,  printed  and  unpublished,  of  the  injury  to  crops  attrib- 
uted to  this  species  in  the  eastern  United  States.  As  up  to  that  time 
M.  atlanis  had  not  been  distinguished  from  M.  femur  rubrum,  it  is  pos- 
sible, and  I  am  now  inclined  to  think  it  probable,  that  all  the  serious 
injury  done  to  crops  in  the  East  is  done  by  M.  atlanis;  for  although 
almost  everywhere  less  common  than  M.  femur -rubrum,  M.  atlanis  has 
been  shown  to  have  the  capacity  for  immense  multiplication,  and  has 
been  directly  proved  to  be  the  culprit  in  some  instances;  as  it  is  also 
much  more  closely  and  indeed  very  closely  related  to  the  destructive 
locust  of  the  West,  M.  spretus,  it  is  far  more  likely  to  have  been  the 
actual  pest  in  all  the  records  of  the  past.  At  least  until  direct  provable 
charges  are  made  against  it,  M.  femur-rubrum  should  be  looked  upon 
as  less  injurious  than  M.  atlanis ;  it  is  especially  doubtful  whether  it 
ever  migrates  in  aerial  swarms;  as  a  general  rule  the  tegmina  and 
wings  are  longer  in  M.  atlanis  than  in  M.  femur-rubrum,  though  both 
species  vary  considerably  and  intergrade  in  that  particular.  From 
measurements  made  on  Missouri  specimens,  Eiley  found  that  the  teg- 
mina in  the  present  species  extended  beyond  the  abdomen  as  follows: 
In  28  males,  0-2  mm.,  average,  0.8  mm.;  in  54  females,  0-3  mm.,  aver- 
age, 1.1  mm. 

Bruner  excellently  expresses  the  fact  when  he  says  that  the  imme- 
diate distribution  of  this  insect  "  appears  to  be  controlled  altogether  by 
climatic  conditions,  the  chief  of  which  is  the  presence  of  a  certain 
amount  of  humidity.  .  .  .  It  is  a  frequenter  of  low  grounds,  culti- 
vated fields,  shady  margins  of  woods,  etc.,  where  vegetation  is  rank 
and  tender."  It  is  rarely  found  upon  dry  hillsides  when  meadows  close 
at  hand  may  swarm  with  them,  while  the  opposite  is  true  of  other 
species,  M.  collinus  for  instance;  yet  such  specimens  as  do  so  occur  will 
be  found  to  differ  from  those  inhabiting  more  favored  localities,  in  being 
lighter  colored  and  more  uniformly  grayish  in  tone,  with  slighter  con- 
trasts; those  from  drier  stations  appear  also  to  have  on  the  average 
rather  shorter  wings. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDEB.  285 

There  is  but  a  single  annual  brood  which  begins  to  appear  full  fledged 
in  ]STew  England  late  in  July.  According  to  Kiley,  the  eggs  are  not 
laid  in  a  single  mass,  but  at  intervals  in  several;  he  has  twice  obtained 
four  successive  pods  from  a  single  female,  covering  a  period  of  nearly 
two  months  and  containing  eggs  amounting  in  all  to  from  ninety-six  to 
one  hundred  and  ten.  The  eggs  have  a  quadrilinear  arrangement  in 
the  pods. 

At  Andover,  Massachusetts,  on  October  5  many  years  ago  I  observed 
a  pair  of  this  species,  male  and  female,  near  together  alternately  sig- 
naling to  each  other  with  a  slight  quick  movement  of  the  hind  legs 
upon  the  tegmina,  as  if  stridulating.  I  made  no  note  of  whether  any 
sound  was  actually  produced  and  do  not  now  recall  any. 

Many  interesting  notes  regarding  this  species  will  be  found  in  the 
first  report  of  the  United  States  Entomological  Commission. 

83.  MELANOPLUS  PROPINQUUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XVIII,  fig.  9.) 

Caloptenus  femur-rubrum  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  p.  86; 

Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  27;  Psyche,  II  (1878),  p.  154. 
Pezotettix  propinquus  McNEiLL,!,  MS. 

Of  medium  size,  closely  resembling  the  preceding  species  in  colora- 
tion, but  generally  of  a  somewhat  lighter  tint.  Head  a  little  promi- 
nent, flavo-testaceous,  generally  more  or  less  infuscated  above,  with 
a  postocular  band;  vertex  tumid,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
scarcely  broader  than  (male)  or  half  as  broad  again  as  (female)  the 
first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  distinctly  (male)  or 
rather  shallowy  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  just  failing  to  reach  the 
clypeus,  subequal,  of  the  width  of  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
sulcate  at  and  (especially  in  the  male)  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately 
punctate  above;  eyes  moderately  prominent  in  both  sexes,  much 
longer,  in  the  female  very  much  longer,  than  the  intraocular  portion  of 
the  genae;  antennae  ferruginous,  feebly  infuscated  apically,  five-sixths 
(male)  or  less  than  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  slightly  and  regularly  enlarging  from  in  front  backward,  the 
disk  feebly  convex  and  passing  into  the  anteriorly  feebly  tumid,  ver- 
tical, lateral  lobes  by  a  well-rounded  but  abrupt  shoulder,  the  disk 
brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less  feebly  ferruginous,  the  lateral  lobes  dull 
luteo- testaceous,  with  a  broad  postocular  band  on  the  prozona;  median 
carina  slight  and  percurrent,  feebler  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  rneta- 
zoua;  front  margin  subtruncate,  very  faintly  flaring  at  least  in  the 
male,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  well  rounded;  prozona 
feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female),  scarcely  if  any 
longer  than  the  closely  but  shallowly  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  rather  long,  suberect,  appressed  cylindrical,  blunt,  rather  longer 
and  less  appressed  in  the  male  than  in  the  female ;  interspace  between 
the  niesosternal  lobes  twice  as  long  (male)  or  less  than  half  as  long 


286  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

again  (female)  as  broad.  Tegmina  considerably  surpassing  the  liiud 
femora,  rather  slender,  subequal,  brownish  fuscous,  minutely  flecked 
with  fuscous  throughout  the  discoidal  area;  wings  not  very  broad, 
hyaline,  iridescent,  the  veins  pale  fuscous  apically  and  anteriorly.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  a  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  brownish 
testaceous,  more  or  less  infuscated  (generally  by  longitudinal  clouds) 
on  the  upper  half,  but  on  the  inner  side  above  biinaculate  with  blackish 
fuscous,  the  geuiculation  mostly  black  and  with  a  pregenicular  slender 
black  armulus,  the  under  side  of  the  femora  flavous  inclining  to  orange ; 
hind  tibiae  usually  bright  red  with  a  slight  fuscous  patellar  spot,  but 
sometimes  pale  yellowish  red,  or  rarely  pale  yellowish  green,  the  spines 
black  almost  to  their  base,  ten  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  rather  strongly  clavate, 
well  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  subclypeate,  but  very  strongly  and 
roundly  compressed  in  the  basal  half,  the  apex  roundly  and  rather 
bluntly  rectangulate,  the  lateral  margins  strongly  and  abruptly  elevated, 
the  median -sulcus  deep,  percurrent  and  apically  expanded,  bounded  by 
rather  high  but  rounded  walls ;  furcula  composed  of  a  pair  of  greatly 
extended,  somewhat  depressed,  straight  fingers,  tapering  by  the  nar- 
rowing of  their  inner  margins,  lying  outside  the  ridges  of  the  supraanal 
plate,  reaching  much  beyond  the  middle  of  the  same,  and  slightly  out- 
curved  at  their  rather  blunt  tips;  cerci  rather  broad  at  base,  rapidly 
narrowing  beyond  so  as  to  be  hardly  half  as  wide  in  the  middle,  beyond 
subequal,  incurved  and  blunt-tipped,  externally  punctate  throughout 
and  not  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate ;  subgenital  plate  hardly 
half  as  wide  at  apex  as  at  base,  the  lateral  margin  rapidly  decliveut, 
the  apical  margin  not  elevated,  strongly  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  25  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  20  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  12  mm.,  female,  13.25  mm. 

Seventy-seven  males,  87  females.  North  Carolina,  Uhler,  Morrison ; 
Dingo  Bluff,  North  Carolina,  November  15,  Maynard;  Smith ville,  North 
Carolina,  Maynard;  Georgia,  Morrison  (S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder; 
U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Georgia,  King  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology);  Macon,  Bibb  County,  Georgia,  September  18  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection);  Wilmington  Island,  Georgia,  A.  Oemler;  Florida, 
Neal  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection) ;  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Flor- 
ida, May  6,  J.  H.  Comstock;  Fernandina,  Nassau  County,  Florida,  E. 
Palmer;  St.  Augustine,  St.  John  County,  Florida,  E.  Palmer;  Sanford, 
Orange  County,  Florida,  G.  B.  Frazer;  Fort  Eeed,  Orange  County, 
Florida,  April  8-23,  J.  H.  Comstock;  Appalachicola,  Franklin  County, 
Florida,  E.  Thaxter. 

This  species  takes  in  our  Southern  Atlantic  States  the  place  of  M. 
femur-rubrum,  which  it  closely  resembles;  it  is  most  quickly  distin- 
guished from  it  by  the  form  and  sculpture  of  the  supraanal  plate  and 
the  much  greater  length  of  the  furcula. 


NO.  1124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  287 

84.  MELANOPLUS  EXTREMUS. 
(Plates  I,  figs./,  $r;  XVIII,  fig.  10.) 

?  Locusta  leiicostoma  KIRBY,  Faun.  Bor.  Amer.,  IV  (1837),  p.  250. — BETHUXE,  Can. 

Ent.,  VII  (1875),  p.  129;  Ins.  Brit.  Amer.  (1884),  pp.  120-121. 
?  Aaridium  (Locusia)  leucostomnm  DE  HAAX,  Bijdr.  Kenii.  Orth.  (1842),  p.  142. 
Caloptenus  extremus  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  681;  Can. 

Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  30.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p. 

225.— BRUXER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— CAULFIELD,  Can. 

Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401;  Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  14. 
Pezotettixjumus  DODGE!,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  9.— BRUNER.  ibid.,  IX  (1877), 

p.  144;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59. 
Caloptenus  parvus  PROVAXCHER!,  Nat.  Canad.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  110;  Faime  Ent. 

Can.,  II  (1877),  p.  36. 
Melanoplus  junius  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  286;  Ent. 

Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  45.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VI  (1892),  p.  262.— OSBORX,  Proc. 

Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  n  (1892),  p.  118.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill 

(1893),  p.  28.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  106. 
Caloptenus  jtinius  SCUDDER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75. 
Melanoplus  extremus  CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71. 
Melanoplm  parrus  CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71. 
Caloptenus  (Helanoplns]  parvus  CAULFIELD,  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401;  Can. 

Orth.  (1887),  p.  14. 

Of  rather  small  or  medium  size,  brownish  fuscous,  generally  rather 
dark,  often  with  a  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  a  little  prominent,  dark 
testaceous  often  somewhat  infuscated,  above  much  infuscated,  the 
added  infuscation  sometimes  confined  to  the  fastigium  and  two  diverg- 
ent, enlarging  streaks  behind  it;  vertex  gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated 
above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly 
(male)  or  more  than  (female)  twice  as  wide  as  the  first  antennal  joint; 
fastigium  steeply  declivent,  not  very  deeply  (male)  or  broadly  and  very 
shallowly  (female)  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  failing  to  reach 
the  clypeus,  slightly  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
subequal  but  faintly  and  very  gradually  broadening  downward, 
depressed  at  and  sometimes  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punc- 
tate; eyes  moderately  prominent  especially  in  the  male,  not  very  large, 
but  little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
ferruginous,  fully  four-fifths  (male)  or  from  three-fifths  to  two-thirds 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal  or  enlarging 
a  little  on  the  metazona  (in  the  female  throughout),  the  lateral  lobes 
lighter,  sometimes  considerably  lighter  than  the  disk,  with  a  broad, 
equal,  piceous,  postocular  band  crossing  the  prozona,  the  disk  often 
luteo-ferruginous  punctate  with  fuscous,  very  broadly  convex,  and 
passing  by  an  abrupt  but  smoothed  shoulder  simulating  a  lateral  carina 
into  the  anteriorly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  slight, 
percurrent,  distinctly  feebler  but  rarely  subobsolete  on  the  prozona; 
front  margin  subtruncate  with  feeblest  possible  indications  of  a  median 
emargiuation,  hind  margin  very  obtusaugulate,  the  angle  rounded  in 


288  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

the  female;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or  trans- 
verse (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the 
closely  punctate  metazoua,  the  principal  sulcus  bent  angularly  forward 
slightly  in  the  middle.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  cylindrical, 
blunt,  erect  (male)  or  short,  conical,  feebly  appressed,  blunt,  erect 
(female) ;  interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes  quadrate  (male)  or  dis- 
tinctly transverse  but  much  narrower  than  the  lobes  (female).  Teg- 
mina  either  falling  distinctly  short  of  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora, 
generally  about  as  long  as  the  abdomen  in  the  male,  rather  broad  at 
base,  but  rapidly  tapering  and  at  apex  bluntly  subacuminate  (J/.  e. 
junius,  Plate  I,  fig.  #),  or  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  generally  con- 
siderably, rather  broad,  subequal,  and  at  apex  rather  broadly  rounded 
(M.  e.  scandens,  Plate  I,  fig./),  brownish  fuscous,  generally  immaculate, 
but  sometimes  with  rather  a  feeble  and  obscure  narrow  line  of  macula- 
tion  in  the  discoidal  area;  wings  considerably  (Jl/.  e.  junius)  or  a  very 
little  (M.  e.  scandens)  shorter  than  the  tegmina,  moderately  broad, 
hyaline,  with  brownish  fuscous  veins  in  the  anterior  half.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  a  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  ferrugineo- 
luteous,  the  outer  face  often  longitudinally  infuscated,  the  inner  side 
of  the  upper  face  bimaculate  with  fuscous  often  obscurely,  the  genicu- 
lation  blackish  and  the  under  surface  generally  pule  orange;  hind 
tibiae  bright  red,  pale  red,  or  pale  dull  citron,  the  spines  black  beyond 
their  base,  nine  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraanal 
plate  sub  triangular,  longer  than  broad,  feebly  compressed  in  the  mid- 
dle, apically  slightly  acutangulate,  the  lateral  margins  elevated  basally, 
the  median  sulcus  moderately  deep  and  narrow,  apically  expanding 
and  obsolescent,  its  bounding  walls  rounded  and  not  very  high;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  parallel  or  subparallel,  slender,  tapering,  acumi- 
nate, somewhat  depressed  spines,  somewhat  less  than  half  as  long  as 
the  supraanal  plate  and  resting  upon  the  ridges  bordering  the  median 
sulcus;  cerci  feebly  subfalciforin  lamellae  lying  in  a  slightly  oblique 
vertical  plane,  a  little  incurved  throughout,  feebly  tapering  in  the  basal 
third  or  more,  beyond  subequal  to  the  obliquely  truncate  and  well- 
rounded  tip,  the  whole 'gently  arcuate  and  much  shorter  than  the 
supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  very  broad  at  base,  rapidly  narrow- 
ing and  not  attaining  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate 
about  half  as  broad  at  apex  as  at  base,  regularly  narrowing  by  the 
declivity  of  the  feebly  sinuous  lateral  margin,  the  apical  margin  not 
elevated,  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body  (M.  e.junius),  male,  16  mm.,  female,  19  mm.;  anten- 
nae, male,  8  mm.,  female,  6.75  mm. ;  tegmina,  male,  11  mm.,  female, 
10.75  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  10.75  mm.  Length  of 
body  (M.  e.  scandens),  male,  18  mm.,  female,  19.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8.75  mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16.25  mm.,  female,  17.25  mm.j 
hind  femora,  male,  10.25  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 


so.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  289 


Eighty-four  males,  131  females.  Norway,  Oxford  County,  Maine, 
August  16  (A.  P.  Morse);  Alpine  regions  of  White  Mountains,  New  Hamp- 
shire, Mount  Washington  and  Madison,  July,  August;  Mount  Wash- 
ington 5,000  feet,  and  Pinkharn  Notch,  New  Hampshire,  (A.  P.  Morse); 
Tuckerman's  Kavine,  White  Mountains,  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  Jackson,  Carroll 
County,  New  Hampshire,  July  3  (A.  P.  Morse);  North  Conway,  Car- 
roll County,  New  Hampshire,  July  30  (same) ;  Jay,  Troy,  and  Newport, 
Orleans  County,  Vermont,  July  12-15  (same);  Hyde  Park,  Lamoille 
County,  Vermont,  July  20  (same);  Montgomery,  Franklin  County, 
Vermont,  July  18  (same);  Summit  of  Greylock,  Berkshire  County, 
Massachusetts,  3,500  feet,  August  17  (same) ;  Winchendon,  Worcester 
County,  Massachusetts,  June  29-July  6  (same);  Bloomington,  Monroe 
County,  Indiana,  Bollman  (U.S.N.M.);  Chicago,  Illinois;  Nebraska, 
Dodge  (U.S.N.M.— liiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  West  Point, 
Cuining  County,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner);  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August, 
Allen;  Jefferson,  Green  County,  Iowa,  July  20-24,  Allen;  Crawford 
County,  Iowa,  prairies,  July  13-24,  Allen;  Denisou,  Crawford  County, 
Iowa,  July  20,  Allen;  Big  Horn  Mountains,  Wyoming,  8,000  to  9,000 
feet  (L.  Bruuer);  Arctic  America,  Kennicott;  Great  Bear  Lake,  Ken- 
nicott;  Upper  Mackenzie  River,  Kennicott;  Yukon  Eiver,  at  mouth  of 
Porcupine  River,  Alaska,  Kennicott;  Banff,  Alberta,  Bean(S.  Henshaw). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Quebec  (Provancher,  Scudder),  Dodge 
County,  Nebraska  (Dodge),  and  the  Mackenzie  Eiver,  British  America, 
at  latitude  65°  (Kirby);  the  last,  however,  is  uncertain,  dependingon  the 
determination  of  Kirby's  species.  It  probably  occurs  throughout  the 
larger  part  of  Canada  and  the  northernmost  United  States. 

As  indicated  in  the  description,  this  insect  appears  in  two  forms:  a 
short  winged  (M.  e.junius),  in  which  the  tegmina  at  rest  do  not  reach 
the  tips  of  the  hind  femora;  and  a  Jong- winged  (for  which  I  propose 
the  name  M.  e.  scandens),  in  which  they  surpass  them,  generally  con- 
siderably. The  latter  has  also  a  slightly  slenderer  body,  though  the 
difference  is  not  marked.  It  appears  to  affect  high  latitudes  and  alti- 
tudes, being  found  in  all  the  localities  in  the  high  north  where  Kennicott 
collected,  on  the  Big  Horn  Mountains  in  Wyoming,  and  on  the  summits 
of  Greylock  in  Massachusetts,  and  the  White  Mountains  in  New  Hamp- 
shire, in  all  of  which  (unless  in  Wyoming,  whence  I  have  only  seen  two 
specimens)  it  is  the  prevailing  or  exclusive  form.  The  short-winged 
form,  however,  occurs  in  all  these  places  excepting  the  Alpine  region  of 
the  White  Mountains,  where  it  has  not  been  taken ;  and  the  long  winged 
occurs  also  at  lower  levels  in  New  England,  as  at  North  Conway,  New 
Hampshire,  Jay  and  Montgomery,  Vermont,  and  Winchendon,  Massa- 
chusetts, but  it  is  only  found  in  these  places  exceptionally,  to  judge 
from  the  specimens  seen.  The  two  specimens  from  the  Big  Horn 
Mountains,  the  male  scandens,  the  female  junius,  are  of  exceptional 
size,  and  Arctic  American  specimens  are  also  distinctly  larger  than 
those  from  New  England  or  Nebraska. 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 19 


290  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

It  will  probably  be  impossible  ever  to  determine  definitely  Kirby's 
Locusta  leucostoma,  as  the  description  is  altogether  inadequate  and  the 
British  Museum  does  not  contain  the  type;  at  least  I  could  not  find  it 
by  special  search  for  it  in  1865,  and  it  is  not  mentioned  in  Walker's 
catalogues ;  Walker,  following  my  earlier  but  probably  wrong  determi- 
nation, placed  it  as  a  synonym  of  M.  bivUtatus,  but  none  of  his  speci- 
mens included  Kirby's. 

Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  during  a  recent  visit  to  the  British  Museum, 
examined  the  types  of  Walker's  Caloptenus  extremus  and  found  them  to 
agree  with  specimens  of  the  present  species  coming  from  Keunicott's 
collection  on  the  upper  Mackenzie,  which  he  took  with  him;  they 
differed  "only  in  having  slightly  shorter  wings,"  in  which  respect 
Walker's  specimens  agree  with  others  of  Kennicott's  collection  belonging 
to  this  species. 

85.  MELANOPLUS   MONTICOLA,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIX,  fig.  5.) 

Platyphyma  montana  SCUDDER!,  Appal.,  I  (1878),  p.  263. 
Melanoplus  monticola  BRUNER!,  MS.  (pars). 

Rather  below  the  medium  size,  blackish  fuscous.  Head  feebly  promi- 
nent, dark  testaceous,  greatly  infuscated  especially  in  the  female,  above 
wholly  or  almost  wholly  blackish  fuscous,  the  piceous  postocular  baud 
hardly  distinguishable  in  darkest  examples;  vertex  gently  tumid,  a 
little  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  more  than  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the 
first  antennal  joint;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent,  percurrent,  equal, 
as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  impressed  at  the  ocellus 
and  sometimes  sulcate  below,  punctate  throughout,  above  biseriately; 
eyes  not  prominent,  of  moderate  size,  as  long  as  (female)  or  much 
longer  than  (male)  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  cas- 
taneous,  apically  infuscated,  nearly  four-fifths  (male)  or  nearly  three- 
fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  enlarging  slightly 
and  pretty  regularly  from  in  front  backward,  wholly  blackish  fuscous, 
more  or  less  ferruginous  in  the  male,  occasionally  the  position  of  the 
lateral  carinae  faintly  marked  on  the  prozona  with  dull  navous,  some- 
times the  lateral  lobes  a  little  lighter  inferiorly  and  then  showing  a 
piceous  postocular  band  on  the  prozona,  the  disk  gently  convex  and 
passing  by  an  abruptly  rounded  shoulder  sometimes  forming  feeble 
lateral  carinae  into  the  anteriorly  tumid  but  otherwise  vertical  lateral 
lobes;  median  carina  percurrent,  feebler  and  sometimes  subobsolete  on 
the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  strongly  obtus- 
angulate;  prozona  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or  feebly  transverse 
(female),  generally  slightly  longer  than  the  closely  and  shallowly  punc- 
tate metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short  (female)  or  rather  short  (male), 
appressed  cylindrical,  very  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  quadrate  (male)  or  feebly  transverse  (female),  the  inetasternal 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MEL^NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  291 


lobes  rather  approximate  (male)  or  moderately  distant  (female).  Teg- 
mina  failing  a  little  (male)  or  considerably  (female)  of  reaching  the  tips 
of  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad,  distinctly  tapering,  strongly 
rounded  at  apex,  fusco-ferruginous,  immaculate;  wings  not  broad, 
impure  hyaline  with  reddish  fuscous  veins.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  varying  from  dark  testa- 
ceous to  dark  plumbeo-fuscous,  the  inner  half  of  the  upper  face  dull 
flavous,  with  the  base,  geniculation,  and  two  large  intermediate  spots 
black,  the  under  surface  deep  red;  hind  tibiae  deep  red,  often  much 
infuscated  but  then  with  a  narrow,  red,  subbasal  annulus,  the  spines 
black  throughout,  eleven  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  strongly  clavate,  somewhat 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  long  clypeate,  with  sides  strongly  com- 
pressed in  the  middle,  the  lateral  margins  strongly  elevated,  the  apex 
acutangulate,  the  median  sulcus  very  narrow  and  deep,  being  a  mere 
slit  between  moderately  high  but  rounded  walls,  apically  obsolete; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  basally  attingent,  basal ly  expanded,  and 
depressed  fingers,  which  beyond  are  straight,  parallel,  acuminate 
thorns,  more  than  a  third  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate  and  overlying 
its  ridges;  cerci  coarse  and  heavy  subfalciforni  laminae,  their  plane 
obliquely  vertical  and  nearly  straight,  considerably  shorter  than  the 
supraanal  plate,  tapering  considerably  on  the  basal  half,  feebly  on  the 
apical  half,  which  is  considerably  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the 
extreme  base,  obliquely  truncate  at  apex,  the  upper  angle  very  blunt; 
subgenital  plate  narrowing  from  base  to  apex,  somewhat  longer  than 
broad,  the  lateral  margins  gently  sinuate,  the  apical  margin  elevated 
by  slight  tubercles  at  its  somewhat  angular  junction  with  the  lateral 
margins,  so  that  it  is  broadly  notched,  as  viewed  posteriorly. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
8.25  mm.,  female,  6.75  mm. ;  tegmina,  male,  12.25  mm.,  female,  11.5  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  male,  10.5  mm  female,  11.5  mm. 

Two  males,  2  females.  Above  timber  line  on  Sierra  Blanca,  Colorado, 
12,000  to  13,000  feet  (S.  H.  Scudder;  L.  Bruuer).  All  the  specimens, 
besides  two  pupae,  taken  by  me  August  29,  1877. 

The  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  the  last,  but  differs  from  it  dis- 
tinctly in  the  character  of  the  subgenital  plate. 

20.  Cl>sTEREUS  SERIES. 

In  this  more  than  usually  homogeneous  group,  the  male  prozona  is 
quadrate  or  slightly  longitudinal,  and  the  interspace  between  -the 
mesosternal  lobes  of  the  same  sex  varies  from  a  little  longer  than  broad 
to  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The  tegmina  are  always  fully  developed, 
surpassing  somewhat  the  hind  femora,  and  at  most  are  feebly  maculate, 
the  flecking  not  always  confined  closely  to  the  discoidal  area.  The 
hind  tibiae  are  blue  or  green  (in  one  instance  apparently  reddish  yellow) 
and  have  ten  to  twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series. 


292  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  generally  rather  simple,  triangular  with 
convex  sides  and  a  generally  produced  apex,  but  is  sometimes  strongly 
and  abruptly  compressed  apically.  The  furcula  is  developed  to  an 
extreme  as  a  pair  of  parallel,  flattened,  pointed  plates,  usually  more 
than  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate.  The  cerci  are  rather  slender 
or  only  moderately  broad,  apically  spatulate  or  subspatulate,  incurved 
or  inbent,  of  variable  length  relative  to  the  supraanal  plate.  The  sub- 
genital  plate  is  moderately  broad  apically,  but  distinctly  narrower 
than  long,  the  apical  margin  entire  and  not  elevated,  or  only  slightly 
elevated. 

The  species,  six  in  number,  are  of  medium  or  slightly  above  the 
medium  size  and  with  the  exception  of  the  typical  species  are  found 
only  in  the  extreme  Southwestern  States — Southern  California,  Arizona, 
and  Texas,  and  in  Lower  California  and  Sonora,  but  the  typical  species 
extends  the  range  on  the  north  to  Washington,  Idaho,  and  Wyoming, 
and  eastward  to  Louisiana  and  western  Nebraska.  It  is  a  western 
type. 

86.  MELANOPLUS  BISPINOSUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIX,  fig.  6.) 

Cinereo-fuseous,  more  or  less  ferruginous.  Head  slightly  prominent 
in  the  male  only,  warm  testaceous,  infuscated  above,  with  a  postocular 
piceous  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  raised  but  slightly  above  the  level 
of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  broad,  much 
broader  than  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first  anten- 
nal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent  and  plane  (female)  or  broadly 
and  shallowly  sulcate  (male);  frontal  costa  fading  next  the  clypeus, 
a  little  narrowed  above,  but  otherwise  fully  as  broad  as  (male)  or 
slightly  narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly 
snlcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  rather 
large,  somewhat  prominent,  a  little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion 
of  the  genae;  antennae  ferruginous,  apically  infuscated,  in  the  male 
more  than  four-fifths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal, 
but  with  distinctly  flaring  metazona,  the  feebly  convex  disk  passing  by 
a  broad  angle  into  the  subvertical  and  feebly  tumid  lateral  lobes,  leav- 
ing no  trace  of  lateral  carinae  except  slightly  on  the  metazona;  lateral 
lobes  with  a  distinct  though  sometimes  broken  broad  piceous  band 
crossing  the  upper  part  of  the  prozona,  broadest  on  its  posterior  lobe; 
median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  inconspicuous  and  blunt 
(male)  or  subobsolete  (female)  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate, 
hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  well  rounded;  prozona  quadrate, 
only  a  little  longer  than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  moderately  long,  stout,  cylindrical,  very  blunt,  erect;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  sub- 
quadrate  (female).  Tegmiua  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  of  moderate 
width,  gently  tapering,  apically  well  rounded,  fusco-testaceous  more  or 
less  ferruginous  basally,  flecked  somewhat  obscurely  with  fuscous  and 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  TEE  MELANOPLI—SCVDDER.  293 


cinereous  in  the-  discoidal  area,  and  often  very  feebly  dotted  with 
obscure  fuscous  outside  of  it;  wings  hyaline,  the  apical  and  anterior 
veins  testaceous.  Hind  femora  luteo-ferruginous,  obliquely  bifasciate 
on  the  upper  half  with  brownish  or  blackish  fuscous,  and  with  a  small 
basal  spot  of  the  same,  the  genicular  arc  black,  but  the  inferior  genieu- 
lar  lobe  light  colored  with  only  a  basal  fleck  of  fuscous;  under  half 
luteous  or  rosaceous,  externally  more  pallid  than  the  rest;  hind  tibiae 
dull  green  becoming  lutesceiit  at  the  extremities,  with  a  more  or  less 
obscure  fuscous  postbasal  annulus,  the  spines  black  beyond  their 
pallid  base,  eleven  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate 
strongly  compressed  apically  so  as  to  give  the  sides  a  very  tortuous 
course  and  so  as  to  be  composed  of  two  parts:  the  larger  basal  part 
nearly  plane,  broader  than  long,  longer  laterally  than  mesially,  the 
immediate  margins  elevated  slightly  and  a  little  overhanging  by  expan- 
sion, the  median  sulcus  moderately  deep  and  not  broad,  uniform ;  and 
an  apical  narrow  triangular  tip  with  strongly  elevated  margins  forming 
the  sides  of  the  very  deep  median  sulcus,  fully  two-thirds  as  long  as 
the  basal  portion,  the  tip  strongly  acutangulate  but  blunt;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  parallel,  flattened,  regularly  tapering,  rather  bluntly 
acuminate  fingers,  except  at  extreme  base  lying  wholly  outside  the 
median  sulcus,  nearly  half  as  long  as  the  entire  plate;  cerci  slender, 
regularly  and  considerably  incurved  throughout,  narrowing  gently  and 
then  as  gently  enlarging  to  a  regular  and  rounded  spatulate  tip  not 
quite  so  wide  as  the  extreme  base,  the  whole  fully  five  times  as  long  as 
the  narrowest  breadth  and  reaching  to  about  halfway  between  the 
lateral  angle  and  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates 
slightly  shorter  than  the  supraanal;  subgenital  plate  haustrate,  moder- 
ately broad  but  considerably  longer  than  broad,  of  subequal  breadth, 
but  the  lateral  margins  slightly  and  roundly  elevated  at  base,  and  the 
apical  margin  feebly  elevated,  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body  male,  24.5  mm.,  female,  31.5  mm.;  antennae,  male 
(estimated),  12  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  16  mm. 

Three  males,  two  females.  Texas,  Schaupp  (S.  Henshaw);  Tiger 
Mill,  Buruet  County,  Texas  (L.  Bruner);  San  Antonio,  Bexar  County, 
Texas,  M.  Newell  (L.  Bruner). 

The  name  is  given  from  the  prominence  of  the  furcula. 

87.  MELANOPLUS   TERMINALIS.  new  species. 
(Plate  XIX,  fig.  7.) 

Brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less  ferruginous.  Head  hardly  prominent, 
lighter  or  darker  castaneous,  often  much  flecked  with  fuscous,  the  mouth- 
purts  paler,  above  darker  being  much  infuscated,  and  especially  the 
lateral  margins  of  the  fastigium  are  marked  in  black,  and  there  is  a 
piceous  postocular  band  often  streaked  with  testaceous ;  vertex  gently 


294  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes  not  broad,  but  much  broader  than  the  first  autennal  joint^ 
fastigium  very  steeply  declivent,  deeply  sulcate  throughout;  frontal 
costa  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  slightly  contracted  above,  elsewhere 
fully  as  broad  as,  if  not  broader  than,  the  interspace  between  the  eyesr 
sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  antennae 
luteo-ferruginous,  nowhere  infuscated,  except  sometimes  at  extreme 
tip,  about  three-fourths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  sub- 
equal,  scarcely  expanding  on  the  metazona,  the  lateral  lobes  with  & 
somewhat  obscure,  piceous  band,  crossing  the  prozona  above;  disk 
feebly  convex,  passing  by  a  rounded  shoulder,  becoming  almost  a 
lateral  cariua  on  the  metazona,  into  the  tumid,  vertical,  lateral  lobes  ;. 
median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  feeble  and  blunt  on  the  pro- 
zona; front  margin  feebly  convex,  hind  margin  almost  rectangulate; 
prozona  quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal,  scarcely  or  slightly  longer 
than  the  densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long, 
erect,  cylindrical,  rather  blunt ;  interspace  between  inesosternal  lobes 
about  half  as  long  again  as  broad.  Teginina  surpassing  the  hind  femora, 
rather  slender,  gently  tapering,  well  rounded  apically,  brownish  fuscous, 
with  very  slight,  obscure  signs  of  sparse  maculation  in  the  discoidal 
area;  wings  hyaline,  with  the  anterior  and  apical  veins  testaceous. 
Hind  femora  ferruginous  or  luteo-ferruginous,  sometimes  with  an  oliva- 
ceous tinge,  bifasciate  above  with  blackish  fuscous,  generally  obscurely, 
and  with  a  basal  spot  of  the  same,  the  under  surface  luteous  or  ferru- 
ginous, the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  pale  glaucous  green,  a  little 
pallid  at  the  base,  with  an  obscure,  fuscous,  post-basal  anntilus,  the 
spines  black  beyond  their  pallid  base,  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat  upturned,  the 
supraanal  plate  and  furcula  as  in  M.  bispinosus;  cerci  also  shaped  as 
there,  but  smaller  and  slenderer,  fully  six  times  as  long  as  the  narrow- 
est breadth;  subgenital  plate  narrowing  regularly  from  base  to  apex, 
much  longer  than  broad,  subconical,  the  apical  margin  with  a  hardly 
perceptible  elevation,  entire,  as  viewed  from  above  acutangulate,  the 
angle  blunt  and  a  little  thickened. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.;  antennae,  9  mm.;  tegmiua,  17.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  12.25  mm. 

Five  males.  Gulf  coast  of  Texas,  Aaron;  Garrizo  Springs,  Dimmit 
County,  Texas,  Wadgymar,  November  (L.  Bruner). 

This  species  is  exceedingly  close  to  M.  Mspinosus,  but  is  smaller, 
darker,  a  more  southern  form,  and  differs  by  its  slightly  smaller  and 
slenderer  cerci,  the  general  characters  of  the  subgenital  plate  and  in 
minor  peculiarities  of  its  structure.  It  can  be  confounded  with  iio> 
other  species. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL1—SCUDDEU.  295 

88,  MELANOPLUS  CYANIPES,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIX,  fig.  8.) 

Melanopliis  cyanipes  BRUNKR!,  MS. — COQUILLETT,  Ins.  Life,  I  (1889),  p.  227. — 
^  BRUNER,  Rep.  St.  Hort.  Soc.  Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  p.  163— undescribed. 

Varying  from  light  ferrugiueo -testaceous  through  cinereo-fuscous  to 
dark  brownish  fuscous  with  a  ferruginous  tinge,  thinly  pilose.  Head 
slightly  prominent,  plumbeo-testaceous,  more  or  less  infuscated,  some- 
times flecked  profusely  and  minutely  with  fuscous,  above  darker  and 
generally  more  uniform  than  elsewhere,  often  blackish  fuscous,  with  a 
postocular  piceous  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above 
the  pronotuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  moderate,  a  little  broader 
than  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first  antenual  joint;  fas- 
tigium  rather  strongly  declivent,  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa 
rather  prominent  above,  but  not  contracted,  just  failing  to  reach  the 
clypeus,  feebly  broadening  below,  fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  generally  below  the  ocellus, 
punctate  above;  eyes  large,  prominent,  particularly  in  the  male  where 
they  rise  above  the  level  of  the  vertex,  very  much  longer  than  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  luteo-fulvous,  four-fifths 
(male)  or  about  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pro- 
notuin subequal,  scarcely  enlarging  on  the  metazona,  the  very  gently 
convex  disk  passing,  with  a  pronounced  but  well-rounded  shoulder, 
nowhere  forming  a  lateral  cariua,  into  the  inferiorly  vertical  lateral 
lobes;  the  latter  are  marked  above  with  a  broad,  equal,  rarely  broken, 
piceous  band  crossing  the  prozona  and  sometimes  indicated  on  the 
metazona  by  a  slight  darkening;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  meta- 
zona, obsolete  or  subobsolete  on  the  prozona,  always  obsolete  between 
the  sulci;  front  margin  truncate;  hind  margin  broadly  obtusangulate, 
the  angle  generally  broadly  rounded  in  the  female;  prozona  quadrate 
or  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or  feebly  transverse  (female), 
only  a  little  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  short,  conical,  very  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal 
lobes  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  considerably  longer  than  broad 
(female).  Pleura  with  a  distinct  flavo-testaceous  stripe  bordered  with 
black  following  the  metathoracic  episterna.  Tegmina  surpassing  the 
hind  femora,  sometimes  considerably,  slender,  tapering  feebly,  well 
rounded  apically,  brownish  fuscous,  sometimes  immaculate  but  generally 
rather  sparsely  sprinkled  with  minute  fuscous  spots  throughout  the 
dlscoidal  area  almost  or  quite  to  the  tip;  wings  rather  narrow,  hyaline, 
often  with  a  very  feeble  citron  tint,  most  of  the  veins  black  or  fuscous. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  but  little  turnescent  in  the  male;  hind  femora 
slender  and  elongate,  testaceous  or  ferruginous,  obscurely  bifasciate 
with  fuscous,  often  reduced  to  a  fuscous  cloud  on  the  outer  face,  most 
of  the  geuiculation  black,  the  inferior  surface  and  most  of  the  interior 
varying  from  luteous  to  carmine;  hind  tibiae  light  green  or  glaucous, 
sometimes  blue,  with  a  postbasal  fuscous  spot  or  annulus,  clothed  with 
sparse  pile  twice  as  long  as  the  spines,  the  spines  pallid  in  basal,  black 


296  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


in  apical  half,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate 
long  triangular,  the  sides  bent  a  little  beyond  the  middle,  before  which 
they  are  broadly  elevated  a  little,  the  apex  acutangulate,  the  surface 
more  than  usually  plane,  the  median  sulcus  slight  and  hardly  percepti- 
ble except  apically;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  large,  broad,  greatly 
flattened,  parallel,  strongly  and  rather  regularly  tapering  and  acumin- 
ate fingers,  reaching  more  than  halfway  across  the  supraanal  plate; 
cerci  elongate,  compressed,  rather  slender,  subequal  laminae,  a  little 
obliquely  vertical  at  the  base,  in  the  middle  bent  abruptly  inward  and 
then  at  once  again  backward,  but  here  completely  vertical  by  a  slight 
twist  in  the  bend,  the  apex  roundly  truncate,  the  basal  half  gradually 
tnpering  and  beyond  again  enlarging  to  somewhat  less  than  the  basal 
width,  the  whole  extending  to  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  infracer- 
cal  plates  broad  and  subtruncate  apically,  just  shorter  than  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  subgenital  plate  broad,  but  a  little  longer  than  broad, 
flaring,  the  apical  margin  scarcely  elevated,  thickened,  entire,  as  viewed 
from  above  strongly  rounded. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  23.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
9.5  mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  tegrnina,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  19  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  14.5  mm. 

Fifteen  males,  9  females.  California  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection); 
California,  H.  Edwards  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Los  Angeles, 
California,  July,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.;  L.  Bruiier);  Pasadena,  Los 
Angeles  County,  California,  October  23;  San  Diego,  California,  Octo- 

Xber  26. 
This  species  is  certainly  very  closely  allied  in  structure  to  the  next, 
M.  cinereus,  and  may  prove  to  be  a  variety  of  it,  found  in  different  sta- 
tions. It  wholly  lacks,  however,  the  cinereous  speckling  so  characteris- 
tic of  typical  examples  of  the  latter  species,  with  the  rusty  hue  of  the 
pronotum. 

Some  individuals  are  much  smaller  than,  hardly  more  than  half  as 
large  as,  others;  the  measurements  are  taken  from  the  larger  and  appar- 
ently commoner  forms. 

89.  MELANOPLUS  CINEREUS. 
(Plate  XIX,  fig.  9.) 

Melanoplus  cinereus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  pp.288, 
290;- Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  47,  49;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1880), 
App.,  p.  24,  pi.  xvii,  figs.  1,  4,  5.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  Bull. 
Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  IV  (1864),  p.  58;  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885).  p. 
17;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  307.— COQUILLETT,  ibid.,  1885  (1886),  pp. 
291-293,  295,  297.— KOEBELE,  Bull.  Div.  Eiit.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXII  (1890), 
p.  94.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  II  (1889),  p.  27.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  II 
(1893),  p.  28 ;  Rep.  Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893),  p.  460 ;  Rep.  St.  Hort.  Soc. 
Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  p.  163;  ibid.,  1895  (1895),  p.  69. 

Caloptenus  cinereus  RILEY,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  p.  195. — MILLIKEN,  Ins. 

/Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  19. 
Cinereo-fuscous,  the  upper  surface  of  head  and  pronotum  frequently 
rust-colored.    Head  somewhat  prominent,  dull  pale  testaceous,  flecked 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  297 


above  with  fuscous  in  a  pair  of  parallel  longitudinal  streaks;  vertex 
moderately  tumid,  somewhat  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  not  very  broad,  a  little  broader  than  (male) 
or  half  as  broad  again  as  (female)  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium 
moderately  declivent,  sulcate  broadly  throughout,  more  deeply  in  the 
male  than  in  the  female;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent  above,  equal, 
just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above; 
eyes  large,  moderately  prominent,  very  much  longer  than  the  infraoc- 
ular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous  or  fulvous,  almost  as  long 
(male)  or  fully  two-thirds  as  long  (-female)  as  the  hind  femora.  Prono- 
tum subequal,  feebly  expanding  on  the  metazona,  the  disk  feebly  con- 
vex and  passing,  by  a  broadly  rounded  shoulder  occasionally  feebly 
indicating  a  lateral  carina,  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which  are 
marked  above  on  the  prozona  by  an  often  partially  broken  piceous  band, 
followed  beneath  by  irregular  quadrate  patches  of  sallow  luteous; 
median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  almost  or  quite  obsolete  on  the 
prozona;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  slightly  obtusangulate; 
prozona  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  scarcely  if  any  longer 
than  the  rather  closely-punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short, 
conico-cylindrical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  a  little  longer  than  broad 
(female).  Tegmina  surpassing,  generally  to  a  considerable  degree,  the 
hind  femora,  slender,  gently  tapering,  apically  well  rounded,  brownish 
fuscous,  finely  speckled  throughout  with  cinereous  and  with  a  slender 
line  of  alternate  pale  and  dark  bars  and  dots  in  the  discoidal  area  and 
sometimes  a  second  line  along  the  upper  edge  of  the  anal  area;  wings 
ample,  very  delicate,  glistening  hyaline  with  glauco-fuscous  veins. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  tumescent  in  the  male,  all  the  femora 
luteo  ferruginous  flecked  with  fuscous,  the  hind  pair  bifasciate  with 
fuscous,  which  is  transverse  on  the  upper  face,  very  oblique  and  con- 
fined to  the  upper  half  on  the  outer  face,  the  lower  face  a  little  ruddy; 
hind  tibiae  pale  blue,  rarely  with  a  luteous  tinge,  the  spines  pallid  in 
their  basal,  black  in  their  apical  half,  ten  to  twelve,  usually  ten,  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably 
<?lavate,  well  rounded,  not  greatly  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  rather 
long  triangular  with  feebly  acutangulate  apex  and  scarcely  elevated 
lateral  margins,  nearly  plane,  feebly  depressed,  the  median  sulcus  only 
apparent  at  tip  where  it  passes  between  two  slight  lateral  bosses; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  basally  adjacent,  very  broad,  flattened, 
tapering  fingers,  apically  produced  as  slender  aciculate  extensions, 
reaching  fully  three-fourths  of  the  way  across  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci 
moderately  narrow,  basally  tapering,  compressed  laminae,  which  at  the 
middle  are  abruptly  bent  inward  at  right  angles  but  with  a  rounded 
curve,  and  then  bent  at  extreme  tip  backward  again,  all  the  while 
broadening  feebly,  the  whole  outer  side  of  the  bent  portion  broadly 


298  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


sulcate,  the  apex  roundly  truncate,  sometimes  feebly  and  roundly 
emarginate,  the  lower  apical  angle  usually  a  little  produced,  giving  the 
whole,  which  reaches  nearly  to  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  a  twisted 
appearance;  infracercal  plates  broad,  apically  rounded,  as  long  as  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  of  subequal  breadth,  narrowing  a 
little  apically,  longer  than  broad,  slightly  flaring,  the  lateral  and  apical 
margins  in  the  same  plane,  except  that  the  latter,  which  is  well  rounded 
and  entire,  is  feebly  elevated  at  the  extreme  apex. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  26  mm.;  antennae,  male,  11 
mm.,  female,  9.75  mm.;  tegmina,' male,  19  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Thirty  males,  57  females.  Wallula,  Wallawalla  County,  Washi  n  gtony 
September  1,  Packard  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection ;  S.  H.  Scudder) ; 
Lone  Tree,  Yakima  Eiver,  Washington,  July  18,  S.  Henshaw  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology) ;  Salmon  City,  Lemhi  County,  Idaho  (U.S.N.M. — 
Kiley  collection;  L.  Brunei1);  Wyoming,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection);  California  (same);  California,  H.  Edwards;  Sierra  County, 
California,  J.  G.  Leinmon  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Los  Angeles 
County,  California,  August  (same);  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah,  4,300  feet, 
August  1-4;  American  Fork  Canyon,  Utah  County,  Utah,  9,500  feet, 
August  2-3;  Fort  Grant,  Graham  County,  Arizona  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection);  Albuquerque,  Bernalillo  County,  Arizona  (same);  Texas, 
Belfrage  (same);  Pecos  Eiver,  Texas,  July,  Captain  Pope;  Baton 
Eouge,  Louisiana,  June  8,  F.  J.  Bird  (U.S.^.M. — Eiley  collection). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  the  Yellowstone  region  and  Sioux 
County,  Nebraska  (Bruner),  Reno,  Washoe  County,  Nevada  (Scudder), 
and  tbe  San  Joaquin  Valley,  California  (Coquillett). 

I  have  found  this  insect  only  upon  the  sage  brush  (Artemisia),  and  so 
completely  do  its  gray  and  rusty  colors  harmonize  with  its  surround- 
ings that  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  detect  when  at  rest.  This  has 
also  been  noticed  by  Bruiier,  who  remarks  that  the  resemblance  extends 
to  the  earlier  stages  of  the  insect. 

Coquillett  remarks  upon  the  ease  of  its  flight,  describing  it  as  in  a 
straight  line,  for  a  distance  of  from  5  to  20  feet  from  the  ground.  He 
found  it  devouring  the  ripe  kernels  of  rye  in  California,  and  Eiley 
reports  it  as  injuring  cotton  in  Louisiana.  Coquillett  regards  it  as  a 
migrating  species,  but  his  specific  statements  refer  only  to  short  flights 
from  the  fields  to  the  tree  tops  or  the  reverse,  fifty  to  one  hundred 
yards  being  the  usual  distance.  In  the  San  Joaquin  Valley  he  found 
specimens  pairing  at  the  last  of  July. 

90.    MELANOPLUS  COMPLANATIPES,  new  species. 
(Plate  XIX,  fig.  10.) 

Nearly  uniform  light  testaceous.  Head  slightly  prominent  in  the 
male,  hardly  darker  above  than  elsewhere,  with  no  trace  or  but  feeblest 
trace  of  any  postocular  band;  vertex  very  gently  tumid,  hardly  elevated 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  299 


above  the  pronotum  even  in  the  male,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
rather  narrow,  scarcely  wider  than  (male)  or  about  half  as  wide  again 
as  (female)  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  rapidly  declivent,  silicate 
throughout ;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  subequal,  not  contracted  above, 
as  wide  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  snlcate  at  and  below  the 
ocellus,  biseriately  sulcate  above ;  eyes  pretty  large,  rather  prominent, 
much  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  testa- 
ceous, almost  as  long  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  as  long  (female)  as  the 
hind  femora.  Pronotum  equal  on  the  prozona,  expanding  a  little  and 
gradually  on  the  metazona,  more  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  the  disk 
feebly  convex  and  passing  by  a  strongly  rounded  shoulder  (the  shoulder 
hardly  noticeable  on  the  prozona)  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which 
have  feeble  and  broken  or  no  indications  of  a  fuscous  band  on  the 
upper  part  of  the  prozona;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona, 
quite  or  almost  wholly  obsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  faintly 
convex,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozoua  quadrate  in  the  male, 
transverse  or  quadrate  in  the  female,  feebly  emarginate  in  the  middle 
posteriorly,  scarcely  or  no  longer  than  the  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
short,  conical,  blunt,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  much 
more  than  twice  as  long  (male)  or  half  as  long  again  (female)  as  broad. 
Tegniiua  much  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  exceptionally  slender, 
scarcely  tapering,  apically  well  rounded,  testaceous  with  a  mesial  line  of 
exceedingly  feeble  and  sparse  fuscous  spots;  wings  narrow  and  pointed, 
hyaline  with  light  testaceous  veins  and  with  scarcely  perceptible 
infumation  at  the  extreme  tip.  Hind  femora  strongly  compressed,  the 
outer  face  so  flattened  as  hardly  to  show  any  convexity,  testaceous,, 
immaculate,  the  outer  face  sometimes  feebly  iufuscated,  the  genicular 
arc  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  luteo-testaceous,  the  spines  black  on  apical  half, 
ten  to  eleven,  usually  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a  little  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  long 
triangular,  rather  strongly  contracted  just  beyond  the  base,  the  lateral 
margins  narrowly  elevated,  the  apex  acutaugulate,  the  median  sulcus 
consisting  of  a  basal  triangular  portion,  beyond  which  it  is  interrupted 
and  again  appears  apically  as  a  channel  between  two  lateral  bosses ; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  basally  attingent,  broad,  flattened  plates 
which  taper  very  rapidly  and  then  are  continued  as  cylindrical,  parallel 
needles,  reaching  at  least  two-thirds  way  across  the  supraanal  plate; 
cerci  slender,  mesially  contracted,  apically  spatulate,  compressed 
laminae,  as  viewed  laterally  straight,  as  viewed  from  above  apically 
incurved  and  then  feebly  returning  to  their  original  direction  at 
extreme  tip  and  there  externally  sulcate,  the  whole  almost  reaching 
the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate,  and  the  apex  as  broad  as  the  base; 
infracercal  plates  well  rounded  apically,  slightly  longer  than  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  subgenital  plate  much  longer  than  broad,  of  moderate 
breadth,  a  little  broader  basally  than  apically,  the  apical  margin 
slightly  and  gradually  elevated,  well  rounded,  entire.  (The  drawing 
is  made  from  a  specimen  somewhat  distorted  by  preservation  in  spirits.) 


300  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15.25  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
10  mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  19.5  mm.,  female,  20.5  inrn.j 
hind  femora,  male,  11  mm.,  female,  12.25  mm. 

Two  males,  3  females.  Cape  St.  Lucas,  Lower  California,  J.  Xautus; 
Sonora,  Mexico,  C.  A.  Schott. 

91.  MELANOPLUS    CANONICUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XX,  fig.  I.) 

Luteo-testaceous  with  a  distinct  ferruginous  tinge.  Head  a  little 
prominent,  flavo-luteous,  below  with  a  slight  olivaceous  tinge,  above  a 
little  streaked  with  fuscous  and,  in  the  male  at  least,  with  a  dark  fus- 
cous postocular  band;  vertex  a  little  tumid,  a  little  elevated  above  the 
pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  rather  narrow,  equal  to 
(male)  or  a  little  exceeding  (female)  the  width  of  the  basal  antennal 
joint;  fastigium  rather  strongly  declivent,  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly 
(female)  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  rather  prominent  above, 
straight  on  a  side  view,  just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus,  equal,  a  little 
broader  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  and 
below  the  ocellus,  punctate  above,  biseriately  in  the  male;  eyes  pretty 
large,  rather  prominent  in  the  male,  distinctly  longer  than  the  infra- 
ocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  luteous,  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora  in  the  male.  Pronotum  subequal,  feebly  expanding  on  the 
metazona,  the  disk  feebly  convex  and  passing  by  a  broadly  rounded 
shoulder  into  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes,  which  in  the  male  are 
marked  on  the  upper  half  of  the  prozona  by  a  slightly  mottled,  glis- 
tening, brownish  fuscous  band;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona, 
obsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  obtus- 
angulate;  prozona  feebly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female), 
slightly  longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
rather  short,  conical,  erect,  anteriorly  appressed ;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  more  than  twice  (male)  or  nearly  twice  (female)  as 
long  as  broad.  Tegmina  a  little  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  moder- 
ately slender,  gently  tapering,  brownish  fuscous,  sometimes  with  a  fer- 
ruginous tinge,  more  or  less  feebly  flecked  with  obscure  maculae  in  the 
discoidal  area;  wings  pellucid,  very  faintly  iufumated,  the  veins  black 
or  blackish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  of  male  feebly  tumescent; 
hind  femora  luteo-testaceous,  bifasciate  with  pale  fusco  ferruginous 
above,  the  outer  face  feebly  infuscated,  the  lower  face  luteous,  the  genic- 
ular  arc  blackish  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  very  pale  glaucous,  pallescent 
basally,  the  spines  black  in  their  apical  half,  ten  to  twelve  in  number 
in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate  and 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  longer  than  broad,  tapering  at  first 
slightly  then  rapidly,  the  apex  obtusangulate  except  for  a  slight  pro- 
duction, the  surface  nearly  plane,  the  median  sulcus  slight  and  incon- 
spicuous; furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  adjacent  flattened  plates, 
very  broad  on  basal  third,  then  rapidly  contracted,  and  continuing  on 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI-SCUDDER.  301 


apical  third  as  parallel,  cylindrical  but  tapering,  acuminate  needles, 
reaching  to  the  distal  end  of  the  middle  third  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
cerci  slender  feebly  compressed  laminae,  rapidly  narrowing  on  basal 
third,  the  middle  third  equal,  hardly  compressed  and  half  as  broad  as- 
extreme  base,  then  expanding  to  a  nearly  equal  extent  to  form  a  corn- 
pressed,  spatulate,  incurved  tip,  the  apical  portion  of  which  is  very 
strongly  compressed  and  not  in<urved;  infracercal  plates  broadly- 
rounded  apically,  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  mod- 
erately broad,  subequal  in  breadth,  considerably  longer  than  broad, 
feebly  flaring,  the  apical  margin  very  broadly  and  feebly  elevated,  well 
rounded  but  feebly  angulate,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  25  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male,  12.5 
inm.;  tegmina,  male,  19?  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  12.75 
mm.,  female,  14.25  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado,  Arizona,  July 
10  (L.  Bruner). 

This  species  is  rather  closely  allied  to  the  last,  M.  complanatipes,  but 
is  easily  distinguished  from  it  by  its  less  strongly  compressed  hind 
femora  with  their  bifasciate  markings.  The  differences  in  the  abdom- 
inal appendages  are  slight,  but  are  found  at  every  point. 

21.  ANGUSTIPENNIS  SERIES. 

A  very  homogeneous  group  (and  one  very  closely  allied  to  the  pre- 
ceding), in  which  the  prozona  of  the  male  is  variable,  and  the  interval 
between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  varies  from  a  little 
longer  to  several  times  longer  than  broad.  The  tegmina  are  always 
fully  developed  and  reach  or  somewhat  surpass  the  tips  of  the  hind 
femora.  The  hind  tibiae  are  red  or  glaucous  and  have  from  nine  to 
thirteen  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraaual  plate  is  long  and  rounded  triangular,  and  preapically 
contracted  somewhat  conspicuously.  The  furcula  consists  of  a  pair  of 
slender,  tapering,  acuminate  fingers  of  considerable  length,  generally 
extending  over  a  third  of  the  supraanal  plate.  The  cerci  are  rather 
short  and  rather  slender,  incurved  or  inbent  apically,  spatulate,  not 
nearly  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate.  The  subgenital  plate  is 
large,  fully  as  broad  as  long,  not  or  but  little  elevated  apically  and 
there  usually  feebly  notched. 

The  species,  only  four  in  number,  are  of  medium  or  rather  small, 
occasionally  rather  large  size,  and  occur  from  Iowa  to  Utah,  and  from 
Montana  and  Manitoba  to  Texas,  though  one  species  ranges  as  far  east 
as  Sudbury,  Ontario — the  only  one  found  east  of  the  Mississippi.  They 
occur  mostly  in  the  region  between  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  the  Mis- 
sissippi. 


302  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

92.  MELANOPLUS  COMPTUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XX,  fig.  2.) 

Of  small  size  and  brownish  fuscous  color.  Head  dull  brownish 
luteous  somewhat  uniformly  infumated,  above  much  iufuscated  with 
only  a  feeble  mottling  of  luteous ;  vertex  feebly  tumid,  only  slightly 
elevated  above  the  level  of  the  pronoturn,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  as  broad  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigiuin  strongly  declivent, 
rather  deeply  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  equal,  as  broad  as  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocel- 
lus, biseriately  punctate;  eyes  rather  large  and  prominent,  much  longer 
than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  fulvous,  more  than 
three-fourths  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  brownish  fuscous 
above,  luteo-testaceous  on  lateral  lobes,  the  latter  marked  above  on  the 
prozona  by  a  broad  dull  piceous  stripe  sometimes  tinged  with  smoky 
olivaceous;  disk  scarcely  expanding  on  the  metazona,  very  broadly 
convex  and  passing  into  the  inferiorly  vertical  Lateral  lobes  by  a  well 
rounded  shoulder  nowhere  forming  distinct  lateral  carinae;  median 
carina  obsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  transverse,  almost  imper- 
ceptibly einarginate  in  the  middle,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the 
angle  rounded;  prozona  subquadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal,  distinctly 
longer  than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short, 
conico-cylindrical,  compressed,  erect,  very  blunt;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  of  male  at  least  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  the 
nietasternal  lobes  attingent  for  some  distance.  Tegmiua  brownish  fus- 
cous, immaculate  or  very  obscurely  and  feebly  maculate  in  the  discoidal 
area,  slender,  subequal,  scarcely  expanded  on  the  costa,  surpassing  a 
little  the  hind  femora;  wings  rather  narrow,  pellucid,  glistening,  the 
veins  pale  blue  on  the  lower,  fuscous  or  blackish  on  the  upper  half. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  but  little  tumid,  luteo-testaceous  blotched  with 
fuscous;  hind  femora  luteo-ferruginous,  obscured  with  fuscous  above 
and  on  outer  face,  above  interruptedly,  so  as  to  cause  feeble  signs  of 
dusky  fasciation,  beneath  chrome  yellow,  the  genicular  arc  dull  luteous, 
edged  only  with  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  red,  narrowly  pallid  at  extreme 
base,  the  spines  black  on  apical  half,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  somewhat 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  long  triangular,  the  basal  three-fifths 
with  well  rounded  uptilted  sides,  beyond  which  the  plate  is  laterally 
notched  and  contracted,  the  apex  produced  and  very  acutangulate,  the 
tip  blunt,  the  median  sulcus  broad  and  not  very  deep,  terminating  with 
the  basal  portion;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  depressed,  uniformly 
tapering,  acuminate,  slightly  divergent  fingers  less  than  a  third  as  long 
as  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  rather  sbort  and  not  very  broad,  regularly 
spatulate  by  the  regular,  slight  and  gradual  mesial  contraction,  the 
apical  half  rather  strongly  incurved,  externally  hollowed,  the  apex  well 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLl— SCUDDER.  303 


rounded,  not  nearly  reaching  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate;  infracer- 
cal  plates  well  developed,  laterally  twice  as  broad  as  the  cerci,  well 
rounded,  distinctly  shorter  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate 
scoop-shaped,  but  slightly  augulate  behind  laterally,  the  apical  margin 
scarcely  elevated  and  most  feebly  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm. ;  antennae,  9  mm. ;  tegmina,  15.75  mm. ; 
hind  femora,  11.25  mm. 

Two  males.  Northern  Minnesota;  Sidney,  Cheyenne  County, 
Nebraska,  August  25  (L.  Bruner). 

93.  MELANOPLUS  COCCINEIPES,  new  species. 
(Plate  XX,  figs.  3-5.) 

Caloptenus  minor  SCUDDER!,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1876),  p.  261. 
Melanoplus  devastator  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878), 
pp.  285-286,287-288;  (pars),  Eiit.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  46-47,  48-49. 

Of  medium  or  small  size,  dark  fuscous,  often  with  a  ferruginous 
tinge.  Head  slightly  prominent,  luteo-testaceous,  sometimes  flecked 
or  irrorate  with  fuscous  on  the  face,  above  much  infuscated  often  with 
a  ferruginous  tinge,  and  a  more  or  less  distinct  piceous  or  subpiceous 
postocular  stripe;  vertex  gently  tumid,  raised  a  little  above  the  level 
of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  moderately  broad, 
half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first 
an teunal  joint;  fastigiuin  rapidly  declivent,  slightly  (male)  or  scarcely 
(female)  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  just  failing  to  reach  the 
clypeus,  equal  or  feebly  broader  below,  scarcely  narrower  than  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus, 
biseriately  punctate;  eyes  moderately  large  and  prominent,  as  long  as 
the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  more  than  three-fourths 
(male)  or  a  little  more  than  three-fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind 
femora,  fulvous,  sometimes  feebly  infuscated.  Prouoturn  dark  fuscous, 
occasionally  ferruginous,  the  disk  sometimes  with  a  distinct,  broad, 
equal,  piceous  band  crossing  the  prozona  above  and  occasionally 
vaguely  continued  across  the  metazona,  usually  marked  beneath  by 
luteous,  or  the  whole  lower  portion  luteous;  disk  very  broadly  convex, 
passing  by  an  abruptly  rounded  shoulder,  nowhere*  forming  lateral 
carinae,  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which  are  slightly  tumid  anteri- 
orly; median  carina  subobsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  faintly 
convex,  hind  margin  not  very  obtusely  angulate;  prozona  longitudinal 
(male)  or  quadrate  (female),  a  little  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer 
than  the  closely  but  somewhat  obscurely  punctate  metazona.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  not  very  long,  cylindrical,  erect,  very  blunt;  interspace 
between  raesosternal  lobes  twice  (female)  or  four  times  (male)  as  long 
as  broad,  the  rnetasternal  lobes  attingent  for  some  distance  (male)  or 
subattingent  (female).  Tegmiua  reaching  or  a  little  surpassing  the 
tips  of  the  hind  femora  (varying  in  both  sexes),  tapering  gently,  brown- 
ish fuscous  more  or  less  indistinctly  maculate  with  fuscous,  sometimes 


304  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

blackish  fuscous,  and  pallid;  wings  hyaline,  iridescent,  the  veins 
brownish  fuscous  anteriorly  and  apically.  Fore  and  middle  femora  but 
very  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  varying  from  luteo-testa- 
ceous  to  ferruginous,  the  inner  half  of  the  upper  face  bifasciate  with 
fuscous,  which  sometimes  crosses  also  the  outer  half  of  the  same  and 
rarely  extends  upon  the  tipper  portion  of  the  outer  face,  and  is  occa- 
sionally subobsolete  altogether,  the  lower  face  and  lower  half  of 
the  outer  face  nearly  always  luteous  or  lutescent,  the  outer  face 
often  streaked  with  blackish  fuscous  along  its  upper  margin;  hind 
tibiae  bright  red,  the  spines  black  except  at  base,  ten  to  thirteen  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate 
and  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  ovate  with  an  apical  ovate  exten- 
sion, the  sides  well  rounded  and  broadly  elevated,  the  apical  portion 
about  a  fifth  of  the  whole  and  a  miniature  of  the  base,  the  median  sul- 
cus  rather  large,  with  well-rounded  walls,  per  current  but  interrupted 
in  the  depressed  zone  beyond  the  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  strongly  divergent,  arcuate,  somewhat  depressed  but  rounded,  regu- 
larly tapering,  acuminate  fingers,  less  than  a  third  as  long  as  the 
supraanal  plate;  cerci  rather  small,  compressed,  incurved  plates, 
gradually  constricted  in  the  middle  and  well  rounded  apically,  the 
apical  half  broadly  depressed  or  sulcate  exteriorly,  not  nearly  reaching 
the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  similar  to  those  of 
M.  comptus,  but  a  little  less  broad  and  almost  as  long  as  the  supraanal 
plate;  subgeuital  plate  forming  a  regular,  well-rounded,  hardly  flaring 
scoop,  the  apical  margin  very  feebly  elevated  and  broadly  and  faintly 
notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22.5  mm.,  female,  25  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9.75 
mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  tegrniua,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  17  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12.75  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

Twenty-eight  males,  31  females.  Sudbury,  Ontario,  July;  Nebraska, 
Dodge;  Sand  Hills,  Nebraska,  July  (L.  Bruner) ;  Fort  Eobinson,  Dawes 
County,  August  21,  Gordon,  Sheridan  County  and  Valentine,  Cherry 
County,  Nebraska,  Bruner  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection);  Barbour 
County,  Kansas,  Cragin  (L,  Bruner);  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas, 
3,000  feet,  September  1 ;  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison ;  Rocky  Moun- 
tains, Colorado,  August  (University  of  Kansas);  Denver,  Colorado, 
October  5;  Beaver  Brook,  Jefferson  County,  Colorado,  Uhler;  Garden 
of  the  Gods,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  October  6 ;  Manitou,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado,  August  9;  Colorado  Springs,  El  Paso  County,  Colo- 
rado, August,  E.  S.  Tucker  (University  of  Kansas);  Garland,  Costilla 
County,  Colorado,  8,000  feet,  August  28-29;  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  July  21, 
Packard. 

Specimens  sometimes  occur,  probably  only  in  sandy  stations,  in  which 
the  insects  are  of  a  nearly  uniform  flavous  color,  often  tinged  slightly 
with  ferruginous,  giving  a  very  different  general  appearance  from  the 
normal. 


NO.  1124.  /,'/•; r/s/o.v  OF  THE  MI:L  \\OPLI— SCUDDER.  305 

94.  MELANOPLUS  ANGUSTIPENNIS. 
(Plate  XX,  tig.  6.) 

Caloptenun  angtwtipennis  DODGE,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  111. — BKUNKR,  ibid., 
IX  (1877),  p.  145.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  43.— BRUXER, 
ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Melanoplm  angustipennis  BRUNER,  Bull.  Wasbb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  138;  Bull. 
Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XIII  (1887),  p.  11.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa 
Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  ii  (1892),  p.  118.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 
XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  24-25,  fig.  12 :  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Of  medium  size,  dark-fuscous.  Head  feebly  prominent,  plumbeo-  or 
ferrugineo- testaceous,  often  mottled  with  fuscous,  above  much  infus- 
cated,  except  at  the  margins  of  the  eyes,  and  with  a  postocular  piceous 
band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  considerably  broader  than  (male)  or  nearly 
twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  strongly 
declivent,  distinctly  (male)  or  feebly  (female)  sulcate  throughout; 
frontal  costa  equal,  percurrent,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes,  faintly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate; 
eyes  moderately  large  and  prominent,  as  long  as  the  intraocular  portion 
of  the  genae;  antennae  fulvous,  about  five-sixths  (male)  or  two-thirds 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronoturn  dark  fuscous,  lighter  on 
the  lateral  lobes,  with  a  subluteous  median  streak,  bordering  a  broad 
postocular  piceous  band  on  the  prozona;  disk  feebly  enlarging  pos- 
teriorly, very  broadly  convex,  passing  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a 
roundly  angulated  shoulder,  forming  tolerably  distinct  lateral  carinae 
on  the  posterior  half  of  the  pronotum;  median  carina  distinct  on  the 
metazona,  obsolete  (male)  or  subobsolete  (female)  on  the  prozona;  front 
margin  subtruiicate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozona  longitudinal 
(male)  or  quadrate  (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer 
than  the  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  not  very  long, 
erect,  conico-cyliudrical,  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  the  meta- 
sternal  lobes  attingent  over  a  brief  space  (male)  or  approximate  (female). 
Teginina  reaching  or  slightly  surpassing  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora, 
slender,  tapering,  brownish-fuscous,  immaculate  or  with  very  obscure 
and  feeble  maculation  along  the  middle  line;  wings  moderately  narrow, 
hyaline,  iridescent,  with  relatively  few  dark  veins  and  these  not  so 
dark  as  usual.  Fore  and  middle  femora  distinctly  but  not  greatly  tumid 
in  the  male;  hind  femora  olivaceo-luteous,  more  or  less  infuinated  or 
infuscated  excepting  below,  the  inner  half  of  the  upper  face  feebly 
bifasciate  with  fuscous,  and  the  geniculation  more  or  less  infuscated; 
hind  tibiae  glaucous,  apically  growing  feebly  lutescent,  the  spines  black 
apically,  pallid  basally,  nine  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate  but  scarcely  recurved,  the 
supra-anal  plate  long  triangular  with  broadly  upturned  basally  convex 
Proc.  K  M.  vol.  xx 20 


306  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

sides,  laterally  compressed  just  before  the  apex  and  the  margin  a  little 
tortuous,  the  apex  itself  strongly  acutangulate  but  blunt,  the  median 
sulcus  percurrent,  but  nearly  effaced  at  the  constriction;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  slender,  subcylindrical,  pretty  strongly  divergent, 
arcuate,  regularly  tapering,  acuminate  fingers,  not  a  third  as  long  as  the 
supraanal  plate;  cerci  consisting  of  spatulate  incurved  pads,  hardly 
three  times  as  long  as  the  basal  breadth,  gently  and  slightly  tapering 
from  base  to  middle,  beyond  well  rounded,  nearly  as  broad  as  at  base, 
exteriorly  hollowed,  and  reaching  only  to  the  compressed  part  of  the 
supraaual  plate;  irifracercal  plates  forming  broad  tapering  cushions 
for  the  cerci  to  rest  upon,  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital 
plate  forming  a  feebly  flaring  quadratic  scoop,  the  apical  margin  feebly 
elevated  laterally  and  between  these  elevations  feebly  notched. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  8.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  1C  mm.,  female,  16.5mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Three  males,  3  females.  Fort  Eobinson,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska, 
August  (L.  Bruner);  West  Point,  Cuming  County,  Nebraska,  July 
(U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Yellowstone,  Montana,  August  (L. 
Bruner).  Since  description,  Mr.  W.  S.  Blatchley  has  sent  me  speci- 
mens from  Lake  County,  Indiana. 

Bruner  states  that  this  species  feeds  on  Artemisia  and  prefers  u  to 
jump  from  plant  to  plant  rather  than  to  alight  upon  the  ground."  "  It 
occurs  both  on  high  and  low  lauds,  but  appears  to  be  somewhat  partial 
to  old  breakings  and  well-fed  pastures  of  many  years'  use.'7 

I  suspect  that  the  insect  from  Minnesota,  described  by  Thomas1  as  a 
variety  of  Caloptenus  occidentalis,  may  belong  to  this  species. 

95.  MELANOPLUS  IMPIGER,  new  species. 
(Plate  XX,  figs.  7,  8.) 

Of  moderately  large  size,  above  rather  light  brownish  fuscous  with 
a  ferruginous  tinge,  below  luteo-testaceous.  Head  slightly  prominent, 
dull  luteo-testaceous,  often  punctate  with  olivaceous,  with  a  postocular 
piceous  band,  and  above  much  mottled  or  marmorate  with  fuscous; 
vertex  gently  tumid,  considerably  elevated  above  the  level  of  the  pro- 
notuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  fully  half  as  broad  again  (male) 
or  fully  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium 
steeply  declivent,  shallowly  and  broadly  sulcate,  sometimes  feebly 
in  the  female;  frontal  costa  percurrent  (male)  or  scarcely  percurrent 
(female),  feebly  contracted  above  but  otherwise  subequal,  as  broad  as 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  and  so  distinctly  broader  in  the  female 
than  in  the  male,  feebly  but  variably  sulcate  at  and  a  little  below  the 
ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  rather  large,  not  very  prominent, 
distinctly  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 


Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  &  Geogr.  Surv.,  V.,  p.  162. 


NO.  1 124.  RE  riSIOX  OF  THE  MELA NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  307 


fulvous  or  flavous,  more  (male)  or  less  (female)  than  two-thirds  as  long 
as  the  hind  femora.  Proiiotuin  subequal,  feebly  enlarging  posteriorly, 
with  a  very  broad  postocular  piceous  band,  occasionally  maculate 
especially  in  the  female,  rarely  surpassing  the  prozona  and  then  broad- 
ening and  decidedly  weakening  on  the  metazona;  disk  very  broadly 
convex,  passing  by  a  blunt  shoulder  nowhere  forming  distinct  lateral 
carinae  into  the  vertical,  anteriorly  feebly  tumid,  lateral  lobes;  median 
carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  subobsolete  on  the  prozona,  sometimes 
wholly  obsolete  between  the  sulci;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind 
margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  rounded;  prozona  longitudinal  (male) 
or  quadrate  (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than 
the  ruguloso-punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  conical,  bluntly 
pointed  (male)  or  appressed  cylindrical,  very  blunt  (female),  moderately 
long,  erect;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  three  times  as 
long  as  (male)  or  a  little  longer  than  (female)  broad,  the  metasterual 
lobes  attingent  over  a  considerable  space  (male)  or  approximate  (female). 
Thoracic  pleura  luteous,  the  incisures  black  and  the  mesothoracic  epi- 
inera  darber  than  the  ground,  often  blackish  or  even  black.  Tegmina 
surpassing  considerably  the  hind  femora,  of  normal  breadth,  feebly 
tapering,  brownish  fuscous,  with  usually  very  distinct  and  prominent 
maculation  of  quadrate  blackish  spots,  interrupting  a  median  luteous 
or  pallid  stripe  in  the  basal  half,  becoming  a  sprinkling  of  blackish 
dots  beyond,  sometimes  found  also  more  or  less  obscurely  in  the  other 
areas;  wings  moderately  broad,  hyaline,  sometimes  very  feebly  infu- 
inated  at  the  edge  near  the  tip,  the  veins  bluish  fuscous  apically  and 
anteriorly.  Fore  and  middle  legs  only  a  little  tumid  in  the  male, 
luteo-testaceous  flecked  with  fuscous;  hind  femora  luteo-testaceous, 
twice  barred  above  with  blackish  fuscous  besides  a  basal  spot,  and 
more  or  less  deeply  infuscated  geniculation,  the  bars  liable  on  the 
middle  of  the  outer  face  to  fuse  more  or  less  completely  into  a 
median  stripe,  which  sometimes  suffuses  the  whole  face;  lower  face 
sometimes  feebly  roseate;  hind  tibiae  very  feebly  valgate,  glaucous, 
occasionally  feebly  infuscated,  the  base  and  tip  feebly  lutescent,  with 
a  narrow  postbasal  fusco-glaucous  annulus,  the  spines  rather  short,  black 
beyond  their  pallid  bases,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  slightly  clavate,  upturned  but  scarcely 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  ovate- triangular,  broadest  at  some  dis- 
tance beyond  the  base,  the  sides  broadly  and  gently  uplifted,  the  eleva- 
tion abruptly  broken  by  a  preapical  lateral  transverse  sulcation,  the 
apex  acutangulate,  the  median  sulcus  occupying  only  the  basal  half. 
and  very  shallow  and  equal,  except  when,  as  sometimes,  the  apical  por- 
tion is  much  compressed;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  long  and  slen- 
der, equally  tapering  and  acuminate,  more  or  less  flattened,  slightly 
divergent  and  very  feebly  arcuate  fingers,  somewhat  less  than  half  as 
long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  small,  compressed,  subequal,  incurved, 
lateral  plates,  gradually  and  rather  slightly  contracted  mesially,  the  tip 


308  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL 

well  rounded,  subspatulate,  and  exteriorly  broadly  sulcate  or  depressed, 
reaching  only  the  break  in  the  lateral  margin  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
infracercal  plates  extending  laterally  distinctly  beyond  the  cerci,  and 
apically  to  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  pretty  regu- 
larly scoop- shaped,  scarcely  flaring,  the  apical  margin  almost  entire,  or 
emarginate  only  by  a  feeble  lateral  elevation  of  the  margin  as  seen  from 
behind. 

Length  of  body,  male,  26.5  mm.,  female,  27  mm.;  antennae,  male,  11 
mm.,  female,  10.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  22  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  15.5  mm.,  female,  16  mm. 

Sixteen  inales,36  females.  Texas, Liucecum, Belfrage,  Schaupp  (S.  H. 
Scudder;  L.  Bruner);  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (S.  II.  Scudder;  L.  Bruner; 
Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Bosque  County,  Texas,  October  3, 
November  1,  Belfrage;  TJvalde,  Texas,  last  of  July,  E.  Palmer;  San 
Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas,  June,  M.  Newell,  (L.  Bruner);  Carrizo 
Springs,  Dimmit  County,  Texas,  November,  A.  Wadgymar  (L.  Bruner) ; 
Corpus  Christi  Bay,  Nueces  County,  Texas,  December  11-20,  E.  Palmer; 
Gulf  Coast  of  Texas,  Aaron;  Barber  County,  Kansas,  Cra-gin  (L. 
Bruner). 

I  had  formerly  mistaken  this  species  for  Cal.  occidentalis  Thomas,  and 
distributed  specimens  under  that  name.  This  note  may  serve  to  correct 
the  error.  The  longer  furcula  serves  somewhat  readily  to  distinguish 
this  species  from  the  preceding,  smaller  and  less  heavily  maculate 
species. 

22.  PACKARDII  SERIES. 

This  is  a  group  in  which  the  prozona  of  the  male  is  usually  quadrate 
or  subquadrate,  and  the  interval  between  the  mesothoracic  lobes  of  the 
same  sex  varies  from  quadrate  to  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The 
prosternal  spine  is  usually  rather  short,  often  appressed.  The  tegmina 
are  always  fully  developed  and  reach  or  surpass  a  little  the  tips  of  the 
hind  femora;  the  hind  tibiae  are  generally  red,  sometimes  blue,  and 
have  nine  to  twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  as  in  the  colliuus  series.  The  furcula  is 
slightly  developed,  consisting  of  moderately  slender  deuticu-latious,  not 
longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment.  The  cerci  are  generally  moder- 
ately broad,  gently  spatulate,  the  apical  portion  generally  inbent, 
sometimes  merely  incurved,  often  externally  snlcate.  The  subgenital 
plate  is  never  very  broad,  ordinarily  rather  narrow,  subequal  or  apically 
narrowed,  the  apical  margin  neither  elevated  nor  prolonged,  and  gen- 
erally well  rounded  and  entire. 

The  five  species  are  of  rather  large  or  medium  size,  and  comprise 
two  tolerably  distinct  sets:  one,  of  two  species,  of  ordinary  form,  with 
short,  apically  truncate  cerci,  not  nearly  attaining  the  tip  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  and  with  strongly  divergent  forks  to  the  furcula;  and  a 
second,  of  three  species,  of  very  robust  form,  cerci  which  though  short 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  309 

reach  or  nearly  reach  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  and  are  apically 
sulcate,  with  parallel  or  subparallel  distant  forks  to  the  furcula. 

The  species  are  all  found  west  of  the  Mississippi,  ranging  from 
British  Columbia  and  Assiniboia  to  Central  Mexico,  but  are  not  known 
in  California  except  in  the  north. 

§  •  ..•'..  .'•-•'.•  : 

96.    MELANOPLUS    PACKARDII. 
(Plate  XXI,  figs.  1-4.) 

Caloptenus  fasciatus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  p.  477; 
Ent.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  76;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1876),  p.  261.— 
BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I 
(1878),  p.  42.— SCUDDER!,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  21. 

Melanoplus  packardii  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  287; 
Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  46;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  App., 
p.  24,  pi.  XVH.  figs.  7-8.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  Can.  Ent.,  XVII 
(1885),  p.  18;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  139;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886), 
p.  307.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Eut.  Soc.  Out.,  XVIII  (1888),  p.  71.— KOEHELE, 
Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXII  (1890),  p.  94.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr. 
Acad.  So.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Melanophts  packardii  rafipes  COCKERELL,  Entoui.,  XXII  (1889),  p.  127. 

Pezoteltix  arJcansana  MCNEILL!,  MS. 

Of  tolerably  large  size,  brownish  yellow.  Head  a  little  prominent, 
luteo  testaceous;  a  broad  dark  brown  or  blackish  median  band  extends 
from  the  vertex  between  the  eyes  to  the  posterior  extremity  of  the 
pronotum,  broadest  on  the  latter  and  occupying  about  one-third  of  it, 
but  sometimes,  and  especially  in  southern  examples,  wholly  absent 
from  the  pronotum;  besides  this,  another  band  runs  from  behind 
the  eye  to  the  anterior  margin  of  the  metazona;  generally  this  is 
comparatively  narrow  and  often  obscure,  but  often  sends  off  streaks 
of  blackish  fuscous  down  the  incisures,  and  is  sometimes  tolerably 
distinct  and  uniformly  deep  in  tint;  vertex  considerably  tumid,  well 
raised  above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  fully  half  as  broad  again  (  male)  or  more  than  twice  as  broad 
(female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  strongly  declivent, 
slender,  with  parallel  sides,  and  rather  deeply  sulcate;  frontal  costa  as 
broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  equal,  scarcely  sulcate  below 
the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  large,  not  very  prominent 
even  in  the  male,  elongate  but  no  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of 
the  genae;  antennae  ytjllow,  somewhat  infuscated  apically,  fully  three- 
fourths  (male)  or  but  little  more  than  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Prouotum  slightly  expanding  posteriorly,  the  disk 
broadly  convex  and  passing  by  a  well  rounded  shoulder,  which  only 
posteriorly  forms  the  semblance  of  lateral  carinae,  into  the  vertical 
lateral  lobes ;  median  carina  scarcely  perceptible  except  on  the  meta- 
zona,  where  it  is  distinct  but  not  prominent;  transverse  sulci  distinct; 


310  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozona  longi- 
tudinal (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  only'a  little  longer  than  the  densely 
punctate  metazon a.  Prostemal  spine  rather  long,  erect,  subpyramidal, 
not  very  blunt,  its  anterior  face  vertical ;  interspace  between  mesoster- 
nal  lobes  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  a  little  longer  than 
broad  (female).  Tegniina  surpassing  a  little  the  hind  femora,  rather 
broad,  tapering  considerably  in  the  apical  half,  brownish  fuscous,  with 
a  row  of  dusky  quadrate  spots  down  the  proximal  half  of  the  discoidal 
area,  but  sometimes  wholly  immaculate.  Wings  hyaline,  glistening, 
the  veins  in  the  apical  and  anterior  regions  fuscous.  Legs  yellow, 
tinged  with  dull  orange,  the  hind  femora  faintly  bifasciate  above 
internally,  and  with  the  upper  exterior  cariua  black;  hind  tibiae 
normally  glaucous,  paler  and  dull  at  the  apex,  sometimes  uniform 
red,  the  spines  pallid,  black  apically,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely  twelve, 
in  number  in  the  outer  "series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  distinctly 
clavate,  but  little  recurved;  supraanal  plate  triangular,  with  thickened 
feebly  upraised  edges  and  a  coarse  percurrent  median  sulcus;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  short,  divergent,  flattened,  tapering,  often  un- 
equally tapering  fingers,  extending  over  the  supraanal  plate  by  hardly 
more  than  the  length  of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  rather  small, 
strongly  compressed,  bent  inward,  nearly  equal  throughout  but  smallest 
mesially,  truncate  at  tip;  subgenital  plate  moderately  broad,  subequal. 
longer  than  broad,  with  nearly  even  lateral  margins,  entire  and  sub- 
tuberculate  at  tip,  broadly  rounded  as  viewed  from  above. 

Length  of  body,  male  28.5  mm.,  female  26  mm. ;  antennae,  male  12.5 
mm.,  female  10.5  mm. ;  tegmina,  male  24.5  mm.,  female  23  mm. ;  hind 
/femora,  male  16  mm.,  female  15  mm. 

Seventy  males,  106  females.  British  Columbia,  Crotch  (Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology;  S.  H.  Scudder);  La  Chappies,  YakimaEiver,  Wash- 
ington, July  16,  S.  Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Little 
Spokane,  Washington,  July  24,  S.  Henshaw  (same);  Camp  Umatilhi, 
Washington,  June  27,  Henshaw  (same);  Ellensburg,  Kittitas  County. 
Washington,  July  14-15,  Henshaw  (same) ;  Wallula,  Wallawalla  County, 
Washington,  Packard  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder); 
Umatilla,  Oregon,  June  24,  Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology; 
L.  Bruner);  Siskiyou  County,  California  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection); 
Boise  City,  Ada  County,  Idaho  (same) ;  Salmon  City,  Lemhi  County, 
Idaho  (same);  Henry  Lake,  Idaho,  August  (L.  Bruner);  Soda  Springs, 
Bannock  County,  Idaho  (same);  Montana  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collec- 
tion); Yellowstone,  Montana  (same);  Fort  Benton,  Choteau  County, 
Montana,  July  (same);  Glendive,  Dawson  County,  Montana,  Bruner 
(same);  Fort  McKinney,  Johnson  County,  Wyoming,  July  (same); 
Crawford  County,  Iowa,  July  13-24,  J.  A.  Allen;  Deuison,  Crawford 
County,  Iowa,  July  20,  Allen;  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August,  Allen; 
Jefferson,  Greene  County,  Iowa,  July  20-24,  in  coitu,  Allen  ;  Nebraska, 
Dodge  (S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Pine  Eidge,  Nebraska,  July  (L. 
Bruuer)-  Valentine,  Cherry  County,  Nebraska,  Bruuer  (U.S.N.M. — 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  311 


Kiley  collection;  L.  Bruner);  Gordon,  Sheridan  County,  Nebraska, 
Bruner  (same);  Fort  Robinson,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  August  22, 
Bruner  (same);  West  Point,  Cuming  County,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner); 
Cheyenne  County,  Kansas,  Cragin  (same);  Lakin,  Kearny  County, 
Kansas,  3,000  feet,  September  1 ;  Finney  County,  Kansas,  H.  W.  Menke 
(University  of  Kansas) ;  Pine  Bluff,  Jefferson  County,  Arkansas,  Sep- 
tember 1  (J.  McNeill);  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah,  4,300  feet,  August 
1-4;  American  Fork  Canyon,  Utah  County,  Utah,  9,500  feet,  August 
2-3;  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  July  26,  common,  A.  S.  Packard;  Spring  Lake 
Villa,  Utah  County,  Utah,  August  1-4,  B.  Palmer;  Euby  Valley,  Ne- 
vada, E.  Ridgway;  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison  (S.  Henshaw;  S.  H. 
Scudder);  Colorado,  July  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Garden  of  the 
Gods,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  July,  October  (University  of  Kansas; 
S.  H.  Scudder) ;  Colorado  Springs,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  July, 
August,  E.  S.  Tucker  (University  of  Kansas);  Florissant,  El  Paso 
County,  Colorado,  8,000  feet,  August  17-22;  Pueblo,  Colorado,  4,700 
feet,  July  8-9,  August  30-31;  Poudre  River,  Colorado,  (L.  Bruner); 
Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico,  June,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell;  Texas,  Belfrage, 
June-September  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Dallas, 
Texas,  Boll  (same). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Garden  City,  Kansas  (Bruner),  Regina, 
Assiniboia  (Caulfield),  and  northern  California,  abundant  (Koebele). 

This  species  bears  a  elose  general  resemblance  to  M.  bivittatus,  from 
which  it  is  nevertheless  very  distinct.  Bruner  says,  wit  a  regard  to  it, 
that  "it  never  leaves  the  open  country  for  timbered  or  low  localities 
where  the  vegetation  is  rank,"  as  that  and  other  species  do.  It  is  a 
prairie  species. 

Cockerell  has  given  the  variety  with  red  hind  tibiae  a  distinctive 
name.  I  have  seen  it  from  British  Columbia,  Washington,  Oregon, 
northern  California,  Idaho,  Montana,  Nebraska,  Kansas, Utah,  Nevada, 
Colorado,  and  2s  ew  Mexico.  It  appears  to  be  the  prevailing  if  not  exclu- 
sive form  in  some  northern  parts  of  its  range.  Specimens  before  me 
from  Wyoming,  Iowa,  and  Texas  have  blue  legs  only;  both  forms  occur 
in  Montana,  Nebraska,  Utah,  and  Colorado. 

In  coloring  and  markings  it  is  one  of  the  most  variable  species  of 
Melanoplus  known  to  me,  but  I  have  been  unable  to  find  grounds  for 
specific  distinctions  between  the  various  forms,  which  seem  to  run  into 
each  other  completely. 

97.  MELANOPLUS   FOEDUS. 

(Plate  XX,  fig.  9.) 

Melanoplus  foedus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  p.  69;  Cent. 
Orth.  (1879),  p.  58.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comra.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  61;  Ins. 
Life,  IV  (1891),  p.  146;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII  (1892),  p.  29; 
ibid.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  21-22,  fig.  9  a  b;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893), 
p.  27;  Rep.  Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893),  p.  460. 

Of  medium  or  rather  large  size.  Head  rather  large,  not  elevated, 
slightly  arched;  eyes  pretty  large,  but  not  prominent;  interspace 


312  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NA  TIG  XA  L  U  USE  UM.  VOL.  xx. 

between  the  eyes  as  broad  (male)  or  half  as  broad  again  (female)  as  the 
lirst  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  shallow  (female)  or  moderately  sulcate 
(male)  with  low,  stout,  nearly  parallel,  bounding  walls  and  scarcely 
expanding  in  front;  frontal  costa  stout,  well  advanced,  subequal, 
scarcely  enlarging  downward,  above  flat,  at  the  ocellus  and  below  it  a 
little  and  broadly  sulcate.  Pronotum  simple,  the  metazoua  coarsely 
and  faintly  punctate,  expanding  very  slightly  and  a  little  depressed 
above  anteriorly,  on  either  side;  prozona  narrowed  a  little  in  front  but 
above  only;  transverse  sulci  distinct  and  continuous;  median  carina 
slight  and  confined  to  the  rnetazona,  lateral  carinae  subobsolete.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  not  very  long,  erect,  appressed  conical,  blunt;  interspace 
between  mesosternal  lobes  thrice  (male)  or  nearly  twice  (female)  as  long 
as  broad.  Tegmina  extending  a  little  (female)  or  considerably  (male) 
beyond  the  abdomen.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  hardly 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  considerably  longer  than 
broad,  bluntly  pointed,  the  sides  nearly  straight,  slightly  puckered  in 
the  middle;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  sinuous,  depressed,  conical, 
pointed  projections,  diverging  at  right  angles,  about  half  as  long  as 
the  cerci;  cerci  forming  very  simple  compressed  laminae,  the  basal 
three-fifths  straight,  tapering  a  little  and  directed  backward  and 
upward,  the  apical  two-fifths  also  straight,  enlarging  slightly,  keeping 
the  same  direction  but  bent  a  little  inward,  the  outer  surface  a  little 
hollowed,  the  extremity  truncate,  its  corners  rounded;  subgenital  lobe 
scoop-shaped  but  slightly  produced  at  the  apex,  the  margin  entire. 
Basal  tooth  of  the  lower  valves  of  the  ovipositor  sharp,  triangular,  but 
much  broader  than  long. 

The  general  color  is  a  dirty  cinereous  above,  a  dingy  clay  yellow 
below;  antennae  dull  testaceous,  becoming  somewhat  ferruginous 
toward  the  tip;  a  pretty  broad  and  usually  distinct,  blackish  brown  or 
piceous  band  extends  from  behind  the  eye  along  the  upper  portion  of 
the  lateral  lobes  across  the  prozona,  and  sometimes  as  a  blurred  and 
expanded  continuation  of  it  across  the  rnetazona  also.  Tegmina 
brownish  cinereous,  the  anal  area  sometimes  a  little  lighter,  the  dis- 
coidal  area  enlivened  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  but  seldom  conspicu- 
ously, by  an  alternation  of  blackish  and  pallid  longitudinal  rectangular 
spots.  Hind  femora  dirty  clay  brown  with  dusky  incisures,  above  with 
median  and  subapical  dusky  or  dark  fuscous  patches;  hind  tibiae 
red  with  black-tipped  spines,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer 
series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  24  mm.,  female,  30  mm.;  antennae,  male,  13.5 
mm.,  female,  12  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  1C.5  mm. 

Twelve  males,  11  females.     Pueblo,  Colorado,  August  30-31. 

The  original  types  of  this  species  are  all  that  I  have  seen,  but  it  is 
said  by  Bruner  to  be  found  also  in  "  Kansas,  Nebraska,  Wyoming, 
Utah,  Nevada,  Idaho,  Montana,  and  the  Dakotas,  along  with  New 


NO.  1124.  EE VISION  OF  Til /•:  M I'.LA NOPLI—SC UDDER.  313 

Mexico."  As  all  the  specimens  seen  from  tbese  regions  which  might 
be  referred  to  this  species  (and  in  some  instances  have  been  so  labeled) 
prove  to  belong  to  M.  packardii,  I  think  it  probable  that  some  at  least  of 
these  localities  may  be  wrongly  given.  The  species  indeed  differs 
but  slightly  from  M.  packardii,  and  may  prove  to  be  merely  a  varietal 
form  of  it  dependent  upon  station,  which  in  this  species  is  in  the  dank 
vegetation  of  river  bottoms  where  M.  packardii  occurs  but  rarely.  I 
took  a  few  specimens  of  the  latter,  however,  in  company  with  the 
former. 

si  ,  :  ||    .    ;:/.,„;; 

98.  MELANOPLUS  CORPULENTUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XX,  fig.  10.) 
Melanoplus  corpitlentus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

A  heavy-bodied  form,  somewhat  above  the  medium  size,  fusco- tes- 
taceous, tinged  with  ferruginous.  Head  not  prominent,  olivaceo- testa- 
ceous, often  much  blotched  with  fuscous,  above  always  much  infuscated, 
generally  in  longitudinal  streaks,  the  lateral  edges  of  the  fastigium 
more  or  less  blackened,  aud  with  a  generally  distinct  postocular  stripe; 
vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  nearly  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as 
broad  (female)  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent, 
considerably  (male)  or  shallowly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  failing 
by  some  distance  to  reach  the  clypeus,  slightly  contracted  above,  at  its 
widest  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at,  and  in 
the  male  below,  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout;  eyes  not  very  large, 
feebly  prominent  in  the  male,  anteriorly  truncate  (female)  or  subtrun- 
cate  (male),  about  as  long  as  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  red,  sometimes  a  little  infuscated  apically,  somewhat  more  than 
four-fifths  (male)  or  than  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  stout,  distinctly  enlarging  posteriorly,  especially  in  the  female, 
more  or  less  and  irregularly  clouded  with  fuscous  on  the  disk,  often 
with  a  ferruginous  tinge  especially  on  the  metazona,  the  lateral  carinae 
occasionally  marked  obscurely  with  flavous,  the  lateral  lobes  generally 
but  obscurely  infuscated  at  the  upper  half  of  the  prozona,  often  broken 
by  lighter  tints;  disk  broadly  convex,  passing  into  the  subvertical 
lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded  shoulder  occasionally  forming  distinct  carinae; 
median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  less  distinct  (female)  or  subob- 
solete  especially  between  the  sulci  (male)  on  the  prozona;  front  margin 
subtruncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  generally  very 
broadly  rounded;  prozona  slightly  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or 
feebly  transverse  (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer 
than  the  rather  obscurely  punctate  metazona;  transverse  sulci  of  pro- 
zoua  tolerably  distinct,  feebly  arcuate,  opening  forward.  Prosternal 


314  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


spine  moderately  long,  appressed  cylindrical,  rather  stout,  a  little 
retrorse;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  twice  as  long  as 
broad  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  but  narrower  than  the  lobes 
(female),  the  metasternal  lobes  attingent  (male)  or  moderately  distant 
(female).  Tegmina  usually  a  little  surpassing,  sometimes  hardly  attain- 
ing the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad,  distinctly  tapering 
in  the  distal  half,  blackish  fuscous  with  pallid  cross- veins,  and  heavily 
though  rather  delicately  maculate,  especially  but  not  exclusively  in  the 
discoidal  area;  wings  ample,  hyaline  with  the  feeblest  possible  bluish 
flush,  the  apical  and  anterior  venation  fuscous  or  blackish  fuscous.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  of  male  somewhat  tumid;  hind  femora  very  stout, 
with  prominent  inferior  carina,  brownish  friscous  with  superior  cloudy, 
rather  broad,  dark  fasciation,  the  exterior  face  more  or  less  testaceous 
clouded  irregularly  with  fuscous,  the  lower  face  and  lower  half  of  inner 
face  bright  deep  red,  including  sometimes  a  part  of  the  lower  genicular 
lobes,  the  rest  of  the  geniculation  infuscated;  hind  tibiae  slightly  val- 
gate,  stout,  bright  deep  red,  sometimes  feebly  infuscated  at  the  extreme 
tip,  the  spines  short,  black  to  the  base,  ten  to  eleven,  usually  eleven,  iu 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  strongly 
clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  subtriaugular  with 
broadly  angulate  sides  and  subrectangulate  apex,  the  surface  nearly 
plane,  a  little  depressed  in  the  apical  half,  with  a  rather  shallow  and 
broad,  apically  narrowing,  percurrent  median  sulcus ;  furcula  consisting 
of  a  pair  of  very  slight,  short,  distant,  diverging  denticulations  lying 
on  the  outer  side  of  the  ridges  bordering  the  median  sulcus  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  cerci  compressed,  considerably  incurved  or  mesially  bent 
laminae,  hardly  three  times  as  long  as  broad,  gradually  constricted 
mesially,  the  apex  well  rounded  but  subangulate  below,  the  whole  apical 
portion  rather  deeply  sulcate  exteriorly,  not  reaching  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  broad,  exposed  on  either  side  of  the 
base  of  the  cerci,  narrowing  rapidly  and  extending  to  the  tip  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  subgeiiital  plate  moderately  broad,  subequal,  the  apical 
margin  well  rounded,  hardly  flaring,  mesially  subangulate,  not  elevated, 
entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  24  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male,  11.75 
mm.,  female,  11  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  16.5  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

Nineteen  males,  15  females.  Tlalpan,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner) ; 
hills  about  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  October  15,  E.  Palmer;  mount- 
ains twelve  leagues  east  of  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  Palmer;  Sierra  dc 
San  Miguelito,  San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  Palmer;  Zacatecas,  Mexico, 
November  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection);  Sonora,  Mexico,  Schott;  Silver 
City,  Grant  County,  New  Mexico,  C.  H.  Marsh  (L.  Bruiier). 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MEL  A  NO  PLI—SC  UDDER.  315 

99.  MELANOPLUS    CONSPERSUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XXI,  fig.  5.) 

A  stout,  medium-sized  or  rather  less  than  medium  sized  species, 
brownish  fuscous  above,  testaceous  beneath.  Head  a  little  prominent, 
luteo-testaceous  clouded  with  plumbeous,  broadly  striped  above  with 
blackish  fuscous,  and  with  a  subpiceous  postocular  band;  vertex 
gently  tumid,  slightly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  considerably  broader  than  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as 
broad  as  (female)  the  first  anteiinal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent, 
distinctly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  subequal,  almost 
(female)  or  quite  (male)  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
distinctly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above; 
eyes  moderate,  slightly  prominent  in  the  male,  hardly  so  long  as  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  red,  becoming  more  or  less 
ID  fa  seated  apically,  about  four-fifths  (male)  or  about  three-fourths 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotum  stout,  distinctly  enlar- 
ging from  in  front  backward,  especially  in  the  female,  feebly  tinged  with 
ferruginous,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  glisten- 
ing brownish  fuscous,  the  disk  very  broadly  convex,  passing  into  the 
subvertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  well-rounded  shoulder,  hardly  forming 
lateral  carinae  except  feebly  on  the  metazona;  median  carina  percur- 
rent, more  distinct  on  the  metazoua  than  on  the  prozona,  alike  in  the 
two  sexes;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  pro- 
zona feebly  transverse,  of  the  same  length  as  the  rather  obscurely  punc- 
tate metazona.  Prosterual  spine  not  very  high,  stout,  considerably 
appressed,  tapering  as  seen  from  in  front,  blunt;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  almost  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  feebly  traits- 
verse  (female),  the  metasterual  lobes  attingent  (male)  or  approximate 
(female).  Tegmina  reaching  as  far  as  the  hind  femora,  of  moderate 
breadth,  tapering  from  the  basal  fourth,  brown,  heavily  sprinkled 
with  fuscous  dots  most  abundant  in  but  not  confined  to  the  discoidal 
area,  where  in  the  female  they  alternate  with  pallid  dashes;  wings 
moderate,  hyaline  with  pale  greenish  veins,  which  become  rather  feebly 
infuscated  anteriorly  and  apically.  Fore  and  middle  femora  a  little 
tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  very  stout,  testaceous  or  pallid  testace- 
ous, the  upper  face  slightly  ferruginous,  except  the  lower  third  twice 
very  obliquely  and  very  broadly  fasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  the 
inferior  third  flavous,  the  genicular  arc  blackish  fuscous;  hind  tibiae 
feebly  valgate,  bright  red,  the  spines  black  to  their  base  except  on  their 
inner  side,  ten  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men somewhat  clavate,  slightly  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  subtri- 
angular  with  basally  angulate  sides  and  acutangulate  tip,  the  surface 
nearly  flat  but  stepped,  the  apical  half  or  less  at  a  lower  level  and  the 
lateral  margins  slightly  crenate  in  consequence,  the  median  sulcus 
rather  slender,  percurrent  but  slight  in  the  apical  half;  furcula  consist- 


316  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


ing  of  a  pair  of  slight,  distant,  slightly  divergent,  slender  denticnla- 
tions  on  the  outer  side  of  the  ridges  bounding  the  median  sulcus  of 
the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  consisting  of  two  parts — a  straight,  slightly 
tapering,  punctate,  compressed  lamina  about  twice  as  long  as  broad, 
and  a  more  strongly  compressed  apical  flange  bent  at  a  tolerably  strong 
angle  with  it,  a  little  expanded,  apically  rounded  angulate,  externally 
deeply  sulcate,  scarcely  falling  short  of  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate; 
infracercal  plates  apparently  as  in  M.  corpulentus ;  subgenital  plate 
moderately  broad,  subequal,  the  apical  margin  not  elevated,  very  feebly 
flaring,  strongly  rounded,  not  mesially  angulate,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  23.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  9  mm;  tegmina,  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  16  mm;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.     Southwest  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner). 

This  species  looks  like  a  diminutive  form  of  the  preceding,  but  differs 
from  it  in  many  points  of  structure  and  in  coloring,  besides  those  men- 
tioned in  the  table. 

ioo.  MELANOPLUS  COMPACTUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XXI,  fig.  6.) 
Melanoplus  compacius  BRUNEK!,  MS. 

A  medium-sized  species,  blackish  fuscous  in  coloring,  more  or  less 
tinged  with  ferruginous.  Head  not  prominent,  rufo-luteous  more  or 
less  clouded  with  fuscous,  with  a  median  blackish  fuscous  stripe  above 
and  a  postocular  piceous  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  feebly  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  considerably 
broader  than  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  basal 
antenual  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  sulcate  throughout,  more 
deeply  in  the  male  than  in  the  female;  frontal  costa  just  failing  to 
reach  the  clypeus,  feebly  narrowed  above  but  otherwise  subequal,  as 
broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and  below  the 
ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  not  prominent  nor  large,  about 
as  long  as  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  red,  gradually 
infuscated  apically,  in  the  female  more  than  three-fourths  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Pronotum  stout,  gradually  enlarging  posteriorly,  the  lat- 
eral lobes  of  the  prozona  with  a  more  or  less  distinct  piceous  postocular 
band,  the  disk  passing  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  distinctly 
though  slightly  angulated  shoulder,  for  mingfeeblelateralcarinae;  median 
carina  percurrent  but  much  feebler  on  the  prozona  than  on  the  metazona; 
front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozona  feebly  (male) 
or  distinctly  (female)  transverse,  no  longer  than  the  closely  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  short  and  rather  stout,  much 
appressed,  tapering,  very  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
a  little  longitudinal  (male)  or  a  little  transverse  (female),  the  nieta- 
sternal  lobes  attingent  (male)  or  moderately  distant  (female).  Tegmina 
surpassing  a  little  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad,  brownish  fuscous 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPL1—  SC UDDER.  317 


punctate  with  fuscous,  especially  in  the  discoidal  area  where  the  puncta 
are  aligned  with  lutescent  marks;  wings  moderately  ample,  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  fuscous,  becoming  darker  anteriorly  and  apically.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  stout, 
dull  testaceous,  very  obliquely  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  except 
beneath,  which  is  flavous;  hind  tibiae  feebly  valgate,  bright  red.  the 
short  black  spines  with  pallid  bases,  nine  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  somewhat  clavate,  a  little  recurved, 
the  supraanal  plate  subtriangular  with  acutangnlate  apex,  nearly  plane 
surface,  apically  stepped  by  a  distinct  transverse  ridge  just  beyond  the 
middle,  the  median  sulcus  broad  and  shallow  in  the  basal  portion, 
narrow  beyond;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight,  distant,  parallel 
denticulations  lying  outside  the  ridges  bounding  the  median  sulcus  of 
the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  and  infracercal  plates  entirely  as  in  M.  con- 
spersus ;  subgenital  plate  rather  narrow,  equal,  not  at  all  flaring,  the 
apical  margin  not  at  all  elevated,  well  rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm.;  antennae,  female, 
10  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  16.25  mm.,  female,  17.25  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  11  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm 

Two  males,  2  females.  Dakota  (U.S.KM.— Biley  collection) ;  Gordon, 
Sheridan  County,  Nebraska,  L.  Bruner  (same). 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  the  preceding,  from  which  it  differs 
in  the  narrowness  of  the  subgenital  plate  of  the  male  and  the 
difference  in  the  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes.  Its  general 
resemblance  is  very  close. 

23.  TEXANTJS  SERIES. 

In  this  not  altogether  homogeneous  group,  the  prozona  of  the  male 
is  longitudinal,  generally  distinctly  longitudinal,  and  the  interspace 
between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  is  almost,  or  fully,  or 
even  more  than,  twice  as  long  as  broad. .  With  the  exception  of  the  first 
species,  the  hind  margin  of  the  pronotum  is  obtusangulate.  The 
antennae  are  variable.  The  tegmina  are  also  variable  though  always 
abbreviate,  and  in  most  of  the  species  are  longer  than  the  pronotum 
and  overlap,  but  in  the  first  they  are  shorter  and  distant.  The  hind 
tibiae  are  red  or  glaucous  and  have  nine  to  thirteen  spines  in  the  outer 
series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  triangular  with  more  or  less  elevated  margins 
and  distinct  median  sulcus;  the  furcula  is  reduced  to  small  or  even 
minute  denticulations;  the  cerci  are  large,  constricted  in  the  middle 
and  again  expanded,  more  or  less  incurved  and  sometimes  again 
apically  bent  in  the  original  direction;  the  subgenital  plate  is  broad, 
generally  produced  or  elevated  apically,  the  margin  entire. 

There  are  five  species,  all  occurring  west  of  the  Mississippi,  except 
one  which  is  found  in  the  upper  Mississippi  region;  of  the  others  two 
occur  in  Texas  (and  one  of  them  in  Kansas  also),  a  fourth  east  of  the 


318  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


Sierra  Nevada  in  central  California,  and  the  last  in  central  Mexico.  I 
have  also  in  my  collection  another  species  (No.  351)  from  Mexico,  allied 
to  one  of  the  Texan  species,  but  of  which  I  know  only  the  female,  and 
therefore  do  not  describe. 

This  series  represents  to  a  certain  extent,  in  brachypterous  forms, 
the  robustus  series  of  macropterous  species. 

§ 

lox.  MELANOPLUS    DUMICOLA. 
(Plate  XXI,  fig.  7.) 

Pezolettix  dumicolus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  76-77; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  65-66.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 
p.  59. 

Of  small  size,  smooth  and  glistening.  Head  not  prominent,  the  ver- 
tex feebly  tumid,  scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  very  narrow,  much  less  than  (male)  or  scarcely  equaling 
(female)  the  width  of  the  first  an  tennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent, 
shallow,  slender,  subspatulate  with  rather  coarse  bounding  walls; 
frontal  costa  moderate,  equal  except  in  being  very  slightly  and  roundly 
contracted  above,  wider  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate 
at  and  below  the  ocellus,  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  rather  large,  rather 
prominent  especially  in  the  male,  very  much  longer  than  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  four- fifths  (male)  or  two-thirds  (female) 
as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  very  simple,  uniformly  and  very 
slightly  expanding  posteriorly,  the  front  border  truncate  or  scarcely 
convex,  the  hind  border  slightly  and  broadly  mesially  einarginate;  lat- 
eral carinae  completely  obsolete  and  uniform,  the  disk  passing  insensibly 
into  the  lateral  lobes ;  median  carina  faint,  very  blunt,  equal  throughout ; 
prozona  distinctly  (female)  or  very  (male)  longitudinal,  sparsely  and 
rather  faintly  punctate,  the  metazona  more  distinctly  and  abundantly 
but  with  minuter  puncta.  Prosternal  spine  rather  small,  erect,  conical, 
in  the  female  a  little  appressed;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegnrina 
lateral,  minute,  considerably  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  bluntly 
rounded  apically,  the  inner  margin  nearly  straight,  the  costal  very  con- 
vex, the  whole  twice  as  long  as  broad.  Fore  and  middle  femora  consid- 
erably tumid  in  the  male.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably 
clavate,  strongly  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  triangular,  a  very  little 
longer  than  broad,  the  sides  nearly  straight,  the  extreme  tip  blunt; 
furcula  reduced  to  a  pair  of  broad,  lamellate,  triangular  teeth,  their 
angle  projecting  but  little  at  the  middle  of  either  half  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate;  cerci  broad,  compressed-laminate,  subequal  but  somewhat 
and  broadly  constricted  in  the  middle,  straight  and  directed  upward, 
the  apical  half  also  incurved,  the  apex  excised  and  produced  a  little 
above;  subgenital  plate  quadrate,  tumid,  the  apical  margin  semicircu- 


NO.  1124.  RE  I  'TSION  OF  THE  MELA  XOPLI-SC  UDDER.  319 


lar,  entire,  the  pallium  projecting  over  it  as  a  backward  directed,  stout, 
subdepressed,  blunt  process. 

The  general  color  is  dark  umber  above,  yellowish  testaceous  below; 
face  dull  olivaceous,  in  the  female  apparently  darker  by  infuscation  ; 
antennae  testaceous,  more  or  less  infuscated  at  the  apical  half;  on  the 
summit  of  the  head  a  clay-colored  band,  which  partly  encircles  the 
eyes  and  extends  backward  over  the  pronotum,  on  which  it  is  very 
slightly  arched;  a  similar  but  much  broader  and  rather  paler  belt 
borders  the  lower  margin  of  the  lateral  lobes,  while  a  median  line  of 
the  same  color  occurs  on  the  abdomen,  a  mere  line  in  front,  broadening 
as  it  passes  backward,  extending  over  the  whole  dorsum  and  apically 
confluent  with  the  lighter  color  of  the  under  surface,  leaving  on  either 
side  between  the  upper  and  lower  surfaces  a  broad  but  narrowing  black 
belt.  Hind  femora  with  the  outer  face  dark  green,  more  or  less  infus- 
cated, sometimes  nearly  black,  especially  on  the  upper  half,  the  upper 
face  ferruginous  and  the  lower  greenish  yellow;  hind  tibiae  rather  dull 
green,  occasionally  obscured  at  either  extremity,  the  spines  with  their 
apical  half  black,  nine,  rarely  ten,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.25 
mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegniina,  male,  2.8  mm.,  female,  3  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  9  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

Two  males,  3  females.     Bosque  County,  Texas,  Belfrage. 

Found  in  woods  on  plants  and  bushes  in  the  latter  half  of  September 
and  the  first  half  of  October.  Pairs  were  taken  October  11.  It  is  an 
aberrant  member  of  the  present  group. 


102.  MELANOPLUS  VARIABILIS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XXI,  fig.  8.) 
Pezotettix  varlabilis  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Of  medium  size,  green,  more  or  less  infuscated,  the  male  the  darker. 
Head  a  little  longer  than  common  but  not  otherwise  prominent,  oli- 
vaceous green,  sometimes  feebly  suffused  with  ferruginous,  above  in 
darker  examples  more  or  less  iufuscated  and  always  darker  than  below, 
with  a  brownish  fuscous  postocular  band,  sometimes  broad,  sometimes 
confined  to  its  upper  limits,  margined  above  by  lighter  tints,  the 
beginning  of  a  subflavous  stripe  behind  the  upper  part  of  the  eyes; 
vertex  gently  tumid,  faintly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
spa  3e  between  the  eyes  twice  (male)  or  more  than  thrice  (female)  as 
broad  as  the  first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  very  gently  declivent, 
broadly  and  shallowly  (male)  or  very  shallowly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal 
costa  faintly  narrowed  above,  as  broad  as  (male)  or  much  narrower 
than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  expanding  and  evanes- 
cent next  the  clypeus,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  sparsely  punc- 
tate throughout,  above  biseriately;  eyes  moderate  in  size,  rather  prom- 
inent in  the  male,  a  little  longer  than  the  infraocnlar  portion  of  the 


320  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


genae;  antennae  pale  rufous  or  dark  olivaceous,  apically  infuscated, 
two-thirds  (male)  or  scarcely  more  tban  half  (female)  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Prouotum  feebly  (male)  or  gently  (female)  enlarging 
posteriorly,  olivaceous  green,  more  or  less  infuscated  in  the  male,  with 
a  broad  greenish-fuscous  (female)  or  brownish-fuscous  (male)  postocular 
band  confined  to  the  prozona,  the  lateral  carinae  above  it  sometimes 
marked  with  dull  flavous;  disk  nearly  plane  but  subtectate,  passing  by 
an  abrupt  but  rounded  augulatiou,  forming  distinct  percurrent  lateral 
carinae,  into  the  slightly  tumid  but  otherwise  vertical  lateral  lobes; 
median  carina  distinct,  sharp,  equal,  percurrent 5  front  margin  sub- 
truncate,  hind  margin  very  obtusaugulate,  sometimes  rotundato  obtus- 
angulate;  prozona  longitudinal  (male)  or  longitudinally  subquadrate 
(female),  but  little  longer  than  the  densely  but  shallowly  punctate 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  very  long,  cylindrical  or  feebly  conical, 
blunt,  somewhat  retrorse;  interspace  between  mesosterual  lobes  more 
than  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  transversely  subquadrate 
(female).  Tegmina  abbreviate,  about  as  long  as  the  prouotum,  over- 
lapping, short  lanceolate,  subacumiuate  and  brownish  fuscous  (male) 
or  green  more  or  less  suffused  with  fusco-ferruginous  (female).  Fore 
and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  green 
(female)  or  brownish  fuscous  (male),  the  outer  face  more  or  less  ferru- 
ginous (female)  or  testaceous  (male),  the  under  surface  sanguineous  and 
the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  green,  in  the  male  more  or  less 
infuscated,  apically  growing  very  pale  ferruginous,  the  spines  pallid, 
black-tipped,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity 
of  male  abdomen  clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate 
triangular,  acutangulate  at  apex,  the  lateral  margins  and  the  sharp 
submedian  ridges  equally  and  feebly  elevated,  forming  between  them 
a  broad  shallow  sulcus,  the  median  sulcus  moderately  broad,  percurrent, 
not  very  deep;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  approximate  tri- 
angular denticulations;  cerci  large,  stout,  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad, 
much  narrowed  in  the  middle  by  the  strong  arcuation  of  the  upper 
margin,  apically  expanded  into  a  subtriangular  lobe,  the  whole  nearly 
straight  but  slightly  upcurved  as  seen  from  the  side,  sinuate  as  seen 
from  above  (though  not  so  strongly  as  represented  in  the  figure),  being 
first  curved  inward  and  then  slightly  outward;  subgenital  plate  sub- 
conical,  the  sides  not  vertical  but  inclined  inward  so  that  the  free  mar- 
gins unite  in  an  acute  angle,  while  at  the  same  time  the  apex  is  pro- 
duced and  elevated  to  form  a  conical  marginal  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm. ;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  6.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  6  mm.,  female,  6.25  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  10.5  mrn.,  female,  13  mm. 

Two  males,  2  females.  City  of  Mexico,  Mexico,  November,  L.  Bruner ; 
Queretaro,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner;. 


NO.  1 124.  HE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  321 

103.  MELANOPLUS  LEPIDUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XXI,  fig.  9.) 

lightly  below  medium  size,  blackish  fuscous,  with  a  feeble  ferrugi- 
nous tinge.  Head  not  prominent,  testaceous,  very  heavily  flecked  and 
punctate  and  often  suffused  with  fuscous,  above  almost  wholly  blackish 
fuscous,  with  -a  slender  testaceous  stripe  separating  the  dark  vertex 
from  the  broad,  piceous,  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  dis- 
tinctly elevated  above  the  prouottim,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
scarcely  broader  than  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the 
first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  deeply  (male)  or  mod- 
erately (female)  sulcate  throughout:  frontal  costa  percurrent,  faintly 
narrowed  above  in  the  male,  otherwise  equal,  as  broad  as  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  through- 
out, above  biseriately;  eyes  moderately  large,  rather  prominent,  espe- 
cially in  the  male,  somewhat  longer  than  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the 
genae;  antennae  castaneous,  nearly  five-sixths  (male)  or  hardly  three- 
fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotum  subequal,  faintly 
expanding  posteriorly  throughout  (female)  or  only  on  the  metazona 
(male),  the  lower  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  ferrugineo-testaceous, 
the  upper  piceous,  at  least  on  the  prozoua,  and  sometimes  obscurely  so 
on  the  metazona,  the  disk  broadly  convex  and  passing  by  a  scarcely 
augulate  well-rounded  shoulder,  nowhere  with  a  semblance  of  lateral 
cariuae,  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  very  slight,  on 
the  prozona  subobsolete;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtus- 
angulate;  prozona  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  sparsely, 
coarsely,  and  very  shallowly  punctate,  about  half  as  long  again  as  the 
finely  and  closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long, 
conical,  erect,  very  blunt,  feebly  appressed,  a  little  shorter  and  coarser 
in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
nearly  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegmina 
abbreviate,  about  as  long  as  the  pronotum,  attingent  or  feebly  over- 
lapping, broad  ovate,  nearly  or  somewhat  less  than  twice  as  long  as 
broad,  apically  augulate,  blackish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora 
somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  slender,  particularly  in  the 
female,  dull  ferrugineo-testaceous,  generally  very  broadly  bifasciate 
with  fuscous,  and  the  whole  geniculation  fuscous,  but  these  markings 
often  more  or  less  suffused  and  confused,  the  lower  face  warm  testa- 
ceous; hind  tibiae  glaucous  or  dark  glaucous,  generally  paler  at  the 
base,  with  a  glaucous  or  fusco  glaucous  patellar  animlus,  the  spines 
black  beyond  the  pallid  base,  eleven  to  thirteen  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably  clavate  and  recurved, 
the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  with  feebly  angulate  sides  and  sub- 
acutaugulate  apex,  the  margins  gently  elevated,  the  median  sulcus 
equal,  percurrent,  moderately  broad,  rather  deep,  between  sharp  but 
little  elevated  walls,  with  a  straight  median  transverse  plica;  furcula 
Proc.  N".  M.  vol.  xx 21 


322  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

consisting  of  a  pair  of  distant  slight  denticulatious,  lying  well  outside 
the  base  of  the  submedian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  broad 
at  base,  rapidly  tapering  to  the  middle,  where  they  are  about  half  as 
broad  as  at  base,  beyond  again  expanding  wholly  by  the  triangular 
production  of  the  inferior  apical  portion,  the  apical  margin  truncate, 
the  whole  about  two  and  a  half  times  the  basal  breadth,  feebly  incurved ; 
subgenital  plate  about  as  broad  as  long,  the  apical  margin  slightly 
elevated  above  the  lateral,  the  two  together,  as  seen  from  above,  well 
rounded,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8 
mm.,  female,  G  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  4  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  9.25  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

Six  males,  7  females.  Humboldt  Eiver,  Nevada,  August,  S.  W.  Gar- 
man  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  mountains  near  Lake  Tahoe, 
California,  October  14,  H.  W.  Henshaw,  Wheeler's  Expedition,  1876; 
Truckee,  Nevada  County,  California,  October  10. 

104.  MELANOPLUS  BLATCHLEYI,  new  name. 
(Plate  XXI,  fig.  10.) 

Fezotettix  occidental  BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  124;  ibid.,  IX  (1877), 
p.  144;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— McNEiLL,  Psyche,  VI  (1891), 
p.  76.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.-ii  (1892),  p.  117.— BRUNEK,  Publ. 
Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27.— BLATCHLEY  !,  Can.  Ent.,  XXVI  (1894),  pp. 
243-244. 

Pezotettix  viola  BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  81. 

Of  moderately  large  size,  cinereo-fuscous  with  an  olivaceous  tinge. 
Head  somewhat  prominent,  olivaceo-testaceous  variably  but  generally 
considerably  infuscated,  above  dark  fuscous,  separated  by  a  testaceous 
stripe  from  the  broad  piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid, 
feebly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  antennal 
joint;  fastigium  somewhat  steeply  declivent,  plane,  with  the  lateral 
margins  faintly  raised  in  the  male;  frontal  costa  fading  before  the  clyp- 
eus,  equal  or  subequal,  as  wide  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  at  least  in  the  male,  somewhat  densely 
punctate  throughout;  eyes  moderately  large  and  prominent,  very  much 
longer  than  the  iufraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  rufo-testa- 
ceous,  scarcely  shorter  than  (male),  or  nearly  two-thirds  as  long  as 
(female)  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  feebly  enlarging  (at  least 
below)  on  the  metazona,  the  sides  with  a  broad  piceous  postocular  band 
confined  to  the  prozona  in  the  male,  the  same  being  wholly  obsolete, 
obscure,  or  confined  to  the  upper  limits  of  the  lateral  lobes  in  the  female; 
disk  very  broadly  convex,  passing  by  a  distinct  but  blunt  angulation 
forming  feeble  lateral carinae  into  the  inferiorly  vertical  lateral  lobes; 
median  carina  distinct  but  not  very  sharp  on  the  metazoua,  subobso- 
lete  or  obsolete,  especially  between  the  sulci  and,  in  the  male,  on  the 
prozona;  front  margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCVDDER.  323 

rounded  in  the  female  and  sometimes  in  the  male;  prozona  distinctly 
longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  or  feebly  longitudinal  (female),  generally 
more  (male)  or  generally  less  (female)  than  one-third  longer  than  the 
closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  appressed  cylin- 
drical, blunt,  retrorse;  interspace  bet  ween  mesosternal  lobes  about  half 
as  long  again  as  broad  (male),  or  feebly  transverse  (female).  Tegmina 
abbreviate,  a  little  longer  than  the  pronotum,  overlapping,  very  broad 
just  beyond  the  base  and  rapidly  narrowing,  short  sublanceolate,  the 
costal  margin  roundly  angulate,  apically  subacuminate,  the  dorsal  and 
lateral  fields  angularly  separated,  brownish  fuscous,  the  dorsal  field 
often  cinereous,  the  lateral  often  feebly  flecked  with  fuscous.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  very  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  testaceous  or  flavo- 
testaceousr  heavily  and  broadly  but  sometimes  confusedly  bifasciate 
with  blackish  fuscous,  the  geuiculation  blackish,  the  inferior  face  pale 
flavous,  pallid  apically;  hind  tibiae  red,  blackish  at  the  base,  fol- 
lowed by  an  obscure  pallid  annulus,  below  which  the  red  is  feebly 
infuscated,  the  spines  black  on  their  apical  half,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely 
nine,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
strongly  clavate,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  with 
an  acutangulate  or  rectangulate  apex,  slightly  angulate  sides  which  are 
considerably  and  gradually  elevated,  and  a  tolerably  broad,  percurrent, 
moderately  deep  but  apically  fading  median  sulcus,  broadened  at 
extreme  base,  lying  between  sharp  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair 
of  approximate  denticulations  of  varying  length,  but  generally  at  least 
as  long  as  the  last  dorsal  segment,  generally  slenderer  than  represented 
in  the  figure;  cerci  coarse  and  heavy,  broad  at  base,  rapidly  narrowing, 
so  that  the  middle  is  about  two-thirds  as  broad  as  the  extreme  base, 
beyond  enlarging  slightly,  curved  rather  abruptly  inward,  and  strongly 
and  abruptly  compressed  or  exteriorly  sulcate,  the  apex  rounded  sub- 
truncate;  subgenital  plate  rather  broad  and  full,  the  lateral  margins 
arcuate,  the  apical  margin  gently  elevated  but  not  tuberculate,  entire, 
both  margins  together  as  seen  from  above  subsemieircular. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  24  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  14  mm., 
female.  10  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  8.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  15  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

Twenty-one  males,  10  females.  Nebraska,  Dodge;  Fort  Robinson, 
Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  August  22,  L.  Bruner  ( U .S.E .M. — Riley  collec- 
tion);  Omaha,  Douglas  Cqunty,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruuer ;  LT.S.X.M. — Riley 
collection);  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  October  10,  27  (U.S.X.M.^Riley  collec- 
tion); Moline,  Rock  Island  County,  Illinois,  McXeill;  Putnam  County, 
Indiana,  June  30,  October  21  (W.  S.  Blatchley;  A.  P.  Morse);  Yigo 
County,  Indiana,  Blatchley  (A.  P.  Morse).  It  has  also  been  reported 
from  Iowa  (Osborn). 

According  to  Blatchley  and  Bruner  it  is  found  in  woods.  Bruner's 
specific  name  for  this  insect  is  preoccupied  by  Thomas. 


324  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

105.  MELANOPLUS  TEXANUS. 
(Plate  XXII,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettix  texanus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  80-81; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  69-70.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 

p.  59. 
Pezotettix  scudderi  BRUNER!,  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  136. 

Of  moderately  large  size.  Head  hardly  prominent,  the  vertex  tumid, 
a  little  elevated  above  the  pronotuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  (female)  as  the  first  anten- 
nal  joint;  fasti gium  rather  steeply  declivent,  so  shallow  as  to  be  hardly 
perceptible,  broad,  enlarging,  and  well  rounded  apically;  frontal  costa 
moderate,  rather  prominent,  equal,  plane,  nowhere  sulcate  excepting 
at  and  for  a  short  distance  below  the  ocellus  and  slightly,  as  broad  as 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  delicately  punctate  throughout;  eyes 
moderately  large,  moderately  and  similarly  prominent  in  the  two  sexes 
a  little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  five- 
sevenths  (male)  or  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  very  simple,  nearly  equal,  enlarging  a  little  on  the  metazona 
(male)  or  enlarging  posteriorly  to  a  considerable  extent  and  uniformly 
throughout  (female),  the  front  margin  scarcely  convex  (male)  or  trun- 
cate (female),  the  hind  border  very  broadly  augulate;  median  carina 
distinct  and  abrupt  but  slight  and  equal,  the  lateral  carinae  subobso- 
lete;  prozona  distinctly  longitudinal  (male)  or  longitudinally  subquad- 
rate  (female),  about  a  third  longer  than  the  very  faintly  rugulose 
metazona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  subconical,  mesially  enlarged,  blunt, 
a  little  retrorse ;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  twice  or  more 
than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  subquadrate,  by  exception  half  as 
long  again  as  broad  (female).  Tegmiua  abbreviate,  overlapping,  pro- 
duced ovate,  about  as  long  as  the  head  and  pronotum  together,  nearly 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  inner  margin  rather  gently  the  costal  mar- 
gin considerably  convex,  the  tip  roundly  pointed.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
clavate,  considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  a  very 
little  broader  than  long,  pointed,  the  sides  nearly  straight;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  a  pair  of  slight  but  broad,  depressed,  angular  teeth,  their 
points  as  far  apart  as  the  width  of  one  of  them;  cerci  rather  broad 
and  straight,  broadly  and  roundly  constricted  in  the  middle,  the 
extremity  truncate  and  rounded,  the  whole  directed  toward  the  apex  of 
the  subgenital  plate  and  curved  considerably  inward;  subgenital  plate 
bluntly  subconical,  the  margin  quadrate,  the  apical  margin  a  little  ele- 
vated, recurved,  and  entire. 

The  general  color  is  a  dull  somewhat  cinereous  brown  above,  a  dirty 
but  rather  pale  greenish  brown  below,  marked  conspicuously  by  a  very 
broad  straight  piceous  belt,  scarcely  broader  behind  than  in  front, 
extending  from  the  eyes  across  the  prozona,  its  upper  edge  at  the 


NO.  1 1 24.  R E  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  325 

lateral  carinae;  antennae  pale  red,  apically  infuscated.  The  upper  sur- 
face of  the  body  and  the  tegmina  are  more  or  less  profusely  dotted  with 
very  pale  fuscous;  an  oblique,  cuneiform,  yellow  dash,  the  apex  in  front 
and  above,  follows  the  ridge  of  the  metathoracic  episterna,  margined 
on  either  side  by  an  equal  piceous  belt.  The  hind  femora  generally 
partake  of  the  color  of  the  upper  surface  of  the  body,  but  appear  darker 
from  being  specked  with  blackish  fuscous  dots,  which  generally  cluster 
more  or  less  into  two  very  oblique  bands  in  the  middle  and  beyond  the 
middle,  and  also  margin  interruptedly  the  upper  outer  carina;  hind 
tibiae  red,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black,  these  eleven  to  thirteen, 
generally  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23.5  mm.,  female,  31  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  11  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  7.6  mm.,  female,  10  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  17  mm. 

Five  males,  12  females.  Texas,  Belfrage  (U.S.X.M. — Kiley  collec- 
tion); Fort  Worth,  Tarrant  County,  Texas,  May  (same);  Dallas,  Texas, 
Boll  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Labette  Counfcy,  Kansas,  W.  S.  Newlon 
(L.  Bruuer). 

24.  PLEBEJUS  SERIES. 

In  this  somewhat  homogeneous  group,  the  prozona  is  distinctly 
longitudinal  in  both  sexes  (the  female  of  one  species  is  not  known)  and 
nearly  or  quite  half  as  long  again  as  the  metazona,  the  posterior  margin 
of  which  is  subtruncate  or  truncate  or  sometimes  very  obtusangulate. 
The  interspace  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  male  is  more  than 
twice,  sometimes  thrice,  as  long  as  broad.  The  tegmina  are  very  vari- 
able; one  species  is  dimorphic,  having  either  fully  developed  tegmina 
and  wings  considerably  surpassing  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  or 
ovate  lanceolate  overlapping  tegmina,  acuminate  at  tip  and  a  little 
longer  than  the  pronotum;  another  is  macropterous  with  subequal 
tegmina,  reaching  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora;  the  other  species  are 
brachypterous,  but  the  tegmina  are  variably  shaped, — sometimes  as 
in  the  brachypterous  form  of  the  dimorphic  species,  at  others  either 
rounded  ovate  and  attingent,  or  widely  separated  and  lateral. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  triangular,  with  generally  a  tolerably  plane 
surface;  the  furcula  is  obsolete,  subobsolete,  or  reduced  to  mere  brief 
denticulatious;  the  cerci  are  long,  constricted  in  the  middle,  but 
expanding  only  a  little  apically,  incurved,  and  bluntly  rounded  or 
inferiorly  subacuminate  at  tip;  the  subgenital  plate  is  always  small, 
distinctly  narrower  than  long,  often  narrowing  apically,  and  sometimes 
ends  in  a  tubercle. 

There  are  five  species,  most  of  them  widely  separated  from  one 
another:  one  occurs  in  the  upper  Mississippi  valley  from  the  Dakotas 
to  Kentucky,  while  the  others  are  found  respectively  in  Florida  (two 
species),  Texas,  and  California. 


326  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

106.  MELANOPLUS   PLEBEJUS. 
(Plate  XXII,  fig.  2.) 

Pezotettix plebejm  STAL,  Bill.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  12. 
Pezotettix  pupacformis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  £oc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX,  (1879),  pp. 

83-84;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  72-73.—  BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill 

(1883),  p.  59. 

Of  medium  or  slightly  above  medium  size.  Head  not  prominent,  the 
vertex  feebly  turnid,  scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  half  as  broad  again  (male)  or  twice  as  broad 
(female)  as  the  first  autennal  joint;  fastigium  rather  steeply  declivent, 
broad,  shallow,  enlarging  slightly  in  front,  the  bounding  walls  low  and 
rounded;  frontal  costa  moderate,  equal,  as  broad  as  (male)  or  slightly 
narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  flat,  sunken  a 
little  at  the  ocellus,  and  in  the  female  sulcate  below  it,  biseriately 
punctate  above ;  eyes  large,  rather  prominent,  very  much  longer,  espe- 
cially in  the  male,  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae 
fully  two-thirds  (male)  or  a  little  more  than  one-half  (female)  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotuin  simple,  equal,  the  front  margin  a  little  full, 
the  hind  margin  gently  angulated;  median  carina  distinct  though 
rather  slight,  equal;  lateral  carinae  rounded  off;  prozona  faintly  and 
distantly,  metazona  abundantly  but  not  deeply  punctate;  prozona  dis- 
tinctly longitudinal  and  similar  in  the  two  sexes,  fully  half  as  long 
again  as  the  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  large,  long,  subcyliudrical, 
blunt,  a  little  retrorse;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  three  times 
(male)  or  one  and  a  half,  rarely  two,  times  (female)  as  long  as  broad. 
Tegmina  abbreviate,  overlapping,  obovate,  about  as  long  as  the  prono- 
tum,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  curves  of  the  costal  and  inner 
margins  similar,  the  tip  acutangulate.  Male  abdomen  long  and  slender, 
the  extremity  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraaual  plate  trian- 
gular, sharply  pointed,  fully  as  long  as  broad,  the  sides  straight;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute,  rounded,  approximate,  flattened  lobes, 
as  long  as  broad;  cerci  with  the  basal  half  tapering  by  the  rapid  slop- 
ing of  the  upper  edge  so  as  to  be  half  as  broad  in  the  middle  as  at  base, 
beyond  broadening  again  somewhat  on  the  same  side,  so  that  the  apical 
half  is  subspatulate,  continuous  with  the  basal  part  but  strongly 
incurved,  externally  deeply  channeled,  the  tip  broadly  rounded,  the 
whole  about  as  long  as  the  last  joint  of  the  fore  tarsi;  subgenital  plate 
very  small  and  narrow,  tumid,  apically  subtuberculate,  the  apical 
margin  slightly  elevated,  entire. 

The  general  color  is  a  griseous  brown,  excepting  the  abdomen  which 
is  brownish  testaceous;  beneath  clay  yellow;  the  antennae  are  yellow 
at  the  base,  darkening  beyond  to  fuscous  ferruginous;  from  behind 
the  eye  a  broad  black  band  extends  across  the  prozona,  generally 
enlivened  on  the  geuae  by  an  oblique  yellow  streak,  which  in  the 


NO.  1124.  BE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  327 

female  narrowly  traverses  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum  nearly  or 
quite  to  the  lateral  carinae;  the  tegmina  are  of  the  color  of  the  disk  of 
the  pronotum  and  immaculate.  Hind  femora  clay  yellow  more  or  less 
infuscated  and  with  a  pair  of  often  obscure  blackish  bars;  hind  tibiae 
glaucous,  pallid  at  base,  with  a  blackish  annulus.  the  spines  pallid  in 
basal  black  in  apical  half,  twelve  to  thirteen,  generally  twelve,  in 
number  in  the  outer  series. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  6  mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12.5  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Nine  males,  13  females.  Texas,  Belfrage,  Lincecum  (U.S.N.M. — 
Ri ley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (same;  L. 
Bruner). 

This  species  resembles  M.  flabellatus  in  general  appearance. 

107.  MELANOPLUS  GRACILIS. 
(Plate  XXII,  fig.  3.) 

Pezotettiv gracilis  BRUNER!,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (July,  1876),  p.  124;  ibid,  IX  (1877), 
p.  144.— SCUDDER,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 
Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— BLATCHLEY !,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p,  81.— 
McNEiLL,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  76.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  n 
(1892),  p.  117.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27.— GARMAN, 
Orth.  Ky.  (1894),  p.  7.^BLATCHLEY,  Can.  Ent.,  XXVI  (1894),  p.  233. 

Pezotettix  minutipennis  THOMAS!,  Bull.  111.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (December,  1876), 
p.  66.— SCUDDER,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX 
(1880),  pp.  90, 95, 119-120. 

A  little  below  the  medium  size,  brownish  testaceous  above,  luteo- 
flavous  beneath,  the  whole  tinged  with  green,  with  bright  green  hind 
legs.  Head  hardly  prominent,  luteo  flavous,  generally  tinged  with 
green  and  somewhat  embrowned,  above  brownish  testaceous  with  a 
greenish  tinge,  sometimes  separated  by  a  distinct  slender  flavous  stripe 
from  the  broad  piceous  postocular  band;  vertex  scarcely  at  all  tumid, 
not  at  all  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  scarcely  broader  than  (male)  or  nearly  twice  as  broad  as  (female) 
the  first  an tennal  joint;  fastigiuin  strongly  declivent,  distinctly  (male) 
or  very  feebly  and  broadly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa  prominent, 
percurrent,  equal,  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  feebly 
sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes 
moderate  in  size,  moderately  (female)  or  very  (male)  prominent,  con- 
siderably longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae 
luteous,  feebly  infuscated  apically,  more  than  four-fifths  (male)  or  a  little 
more  than  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum 
subequal,  faintly  enlarging  posteriorly,  above  brownish  testaceous,  the 
lateral  lobe^  with  a  very  broad  and  conspicuous  piceous  percurrent 
postocular  belt  above,  sometimes  enfeebled  on  the  metazona,  below 
varying  from  bright  flavous  to  flavo- testaceous,  the  disk  very  broadly 
subtectate,  passing  by  an  abrupt  but  rounded  shoulder,  forming  feeble 


328  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

percurrent  lateral  cariuae,  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina 
low  but  distinct,  percurrent,  equal;  front  margin  faintly  convex,  hind 
margin  sub  truncate,  mesially  distinctly  but  weakly  emarginate;  pro- 
zona  sparsely  and  shallowly  punctate,  distinctly  longitudinal  in  both 
sexes,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  finely  and  densely  punctate  metazona. 
Prostemal  spine  large,  conical,  blunt,  suberect;  interspace  between 
mesosternal  lobes  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female). 
Tegmina  abbreviate,  about  the  length  of  the  prozona,  lateral,  lanceo- 
late, the  costal  margin  convex,  the  inner  nearly  straight,  fully  three 
times  as  long  as  broad,  apically  subacuminate,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  very 
slender,  green,  the  whole  geniculation  blackish  fuscous,  the  under  sur- 
face flavous;  hind  tibiae  green,  with  a  basal,  feeble,  fuscous  annulus, 
the  spines  black  in  the  apical  half,  eleven  to  twelve  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Abdomen  ferrugiueo-fuscous,  flavescent  beneath,  com- 
pressed, with  a  distinct  median  carina,  the  extremity  of  the  male 
abdomen  considerably  clavate,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  short 
triangular  with  subrectangulate  apex,  nearly  plane  surface,  and  a 
not  very  deep  percurrent  median  sulcus  between  low  and  rounded 
walls;  furcula  reduced  to  a  pair  of  hardly  noticeable  approximate 
rounded  lobules;  cerci  long  clepsydral,  moderately  broad  at  extreme 
base,  tapering  regularly  in  the  basal  half  so  that  the  middle  is  less 
than  half  as  broad  as  the  base,  beyond  enlarging  to  a  subspatulate 
compressed  tip,  angulate  and  faintly  produced  at  the  lower  posterior 
extremity,  the  whole  straight  except  for  a  faint  incurving,  and  as  long 
as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  small,  narrowing  apically  so 
as  to  be  hardly  more  than  half  as  wide  apically  as  at  base,  the  lateral 
and  apical  margins  in  the  same  plane,  well  rounded  as  seen  from  above, 
entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  19  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  7.75  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  4  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.25  mm. 

Twenty-nine  males,  39  females.  Denison,  Crawford  County,  Iowa, 
July  20,  J.  A.  Allen;  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August  8-10,  September 
1-3,  J.  A.  Allen;  Nebraska,  Dodge;  Omaha,  Douglas  County, 
Nebraska  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  L.  Bruuer);  St.  Louis,  Mis- 
souri, July,  October  27  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Vigo,  Putnam 
and  Fulton  counties,  Indiana  (W.  S.  Blatchley:  A.  P.  Morse). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Dakota  (Bruner),  Illinois — Rock 
Island,  McLean  and  Champlain  counties  (Thomas,  McNeill),  and  Ken- 
tucky— Webster  and  Fayette  counties  (Garman). 

This  is  a  sylvan  species.  Allen  found  it  "  abundant  in  grassy 
groves"  in  Iowa,  Blatchley  finds  it  in  Indiana  "on  the  iron  weeds 
(Vernonia  fasciculata)  which  grow  abundantly  in  low  open  "woods,"  and 
McNeill  speaks  of  it  in  Illinois  as  a  wood-loving  species.  It  may  be 
found  full  grown  from  the  first  of  July  to  the  middle  of  November. 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  329 

108.  MELANOPLUS  INOPS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XXII,  fig.  4.) 

Of  medium  size,  brownish  fuscous.  Head  not  prominent,  ferrugineo- 
testaceous,  very  heavily  punctate  with  fuscous  above  the  clypeus,  the 
summit  dark  brownish  fuscous;  vertex  very  feebly  tumid,  elevated  a 
little  above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  but  not  above  the  upper  level  of 
the  eyes,  the  interspace  between  the  latter  of  the  same  width  as  the 
first  antennal  joint;  fastigium  strongly  declivent,  feebly  and  broadly 
sulcate;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  equal,  fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  scarcely  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  sparsely 
and  feebly  punctate;  eyes  large,  very  prominent,  nearly  twice  as  long  as 
the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  auteunae(?).  Pronotum  feebly 
enlarging  from  in  front  backward,  a  broad,  piceous,  percurrent,  postoc- 
ular  band  occupying  more  than  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes, 
below  which  these  are  ferrugineo  testaceous,  the  disk  broadly  convex 
and  passing  by  a  well-rounded  shoulder  nowhere  forming  lateral  carinae 
into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  slight,  equal,  percurrent; 
front  margin  faintly  convex,  feebly  margined,  hind  margin  subtruncate, 
very  feebly  convex,  mesially  faintly  emarginate;  prozona  sparsely, 
coarsely,  and  shallowly  punctate,  distinctly  longitudinal,  fully  half  as 
long  again  as  the  finely,  densely,  and  rather  shallowly  punctate  meta- 
zoua.  Prosternal  spine  of  moderate  length,  strongly  appressed  cylin- 
drical, subtruncate;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  more  than 
twice  as  long  as  broad.  Tegmina  abbreviate,  nearly  as  long  as  the 
pronotum,  attingent  or  subattingeut,  rotundato-ovate,  bro.adly  rounded 
apically,  about  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  brownish  fuscous.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  a  little  tumid;  hind  femora  moderately  slender, 
ferrugineo- fuscous  above,  graduating  into  dull  flavous  below,  without 
fasciation,  the  upper  half  of  the  geuicular  arc  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  pale 
dull  green,  growing  gradually  dingy  luteous  basally,  the  whole  basal 
half  feebly  infuscated,  the  spines  black  beyond  their  base,  eleven  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  ferruginous,  the  extremity  in  the 
male  strongly  clavate,  much  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  broad  tri- 
angular, nearly  plane,  with  a  short  and  narrowing  shallow  median 
sulcus;  furcula  obsolete;  cerci  moderately  large,  compressed,  moder- 
ately broad  at  base,  narrowing  on  basal  third,  the  middle  third  sub- 
equal  and  about  two-thirds  as  broad  as  the  base,  the  apical  third  again 
expanding  slightly,  well  rounded  and  slightly  tumid  at  tip,  the  whole 
feebly  curved  upward  and  more  distinctly  inward;  subgenital  plate 
small,  subconical,  the  apical  margin  gradually  and  feebly  elevated 
above  the  lateral,  the  apex  tumid,  forming  a  sort  of  blunt,  coarse, 
rounded  tubercle,  hardly  represented  in  the  figure. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15  mm.;  tegmina,  3.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
10.25  mm. 

One  male.    Florida,  Priddey  (L.  Bruner). 


330  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

109.  MELANOPLUS   MARGINATUS. 

(Plates  I,  lig.  j;  XXII,  fig.  5.) 

Pezotettix  maryinatm  SCUDDER!,   Ann.  Rep.    Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1876),  p.  504; 

Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geogr.  Surv.  100th  Mer.,  1876  (1876),  p.  284  ;  BRUNER,  Rep. 

U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill,  p.  59  (1883). 
Euprepocnemis  occidentalis  Bruner!,  MS. 

Of  medium  size,  slender.  Head  not  prominent,  but  slightly  pro- 
jecting, the  face  retreating  more  than  usual,  nearly  at  right  angles  with 
the  not  very  steeply  declivent  fastigium;  vertex  very  gently  tumid, 
scarcely  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
a  little  broader  than  (male)  or  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first 
antennal  joint;  fastigium  rather  deeply  (male)  or  slightly  (female)  sul- 
cate;  frontal  costa  percurrent,  equal,  about  as  wide  as  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punctate 
throughout;  eyes  not  very  large,  moderately  prominent  in  the  male 
only,  a  little  longer,  especially  in  the  male,  than  the  infraocular  portion 
of  the  genae;  antennae  at  least  three-fourths  (male)  or  about  four- 
sevenths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  rather  long, 
the  dorsum  equal,  with  slightly  sloping  sides,  distinct  but  rather  slight 
and  equal  median  carina,  and  distinct  though  very  obtuse  lateral  cari- 
nae;  hind  border  scarcely  angulate.  Prosternal  spine  rather  small, 
bluntly  subconical,  a  little  retrorse;  interspace  between  inesosternal 
lobes  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad  (male)  or  a  little  longer  than 
broad  (female).  Tegruina  either  surpassing  considerably  the  hind 
femora,  moderately  broad,  subequal  beyond  the  basal  expansion  of  the 
costa,  well  rounded  apically  (M.  m.  amplus,  Plate  I,  fig.  i),  or  slightly 
longer  than  the  pronotum,  ovate  lanceolate,  apically  acuminate,  over- 
lapping, the  costal  margin  very  strongly  arcuate,  about  twice  as  long 
as  broad  (M.  m.  pauper),  brownish  testaceous;  wings  a  little  shorter 
than  the  tegraina,  ample,  faintly  infumate  apically  and  anteriorly,  the 
veins  and  cross  veins  black  or  blackish  iuscous.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  considerably  tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  rather  slender, 
compressed;  hind  tibiae  with  eleven  to  thirteen  spines  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the 
supraaual  plate  triangular,  the  apex  acutangulate  but  blunt,  the  sur- 
face tectate  with  a  moderately  deep  and  narrow  median  sulcus  in  the 
basal  two  thirds;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  but  coarse 
approximate  denticulations;  cerci  straight,  rather  stout,  moderately 
long,  noticeably  but  broadly  constricted  in  the  middle,  the  tip  larger 
than  the  base,  gibbous,  the  whole  scarcely  depressed,  curving  slightly 
downward  beyond  the  middle;  subgeuital  plate  small,  subconical, 
ending  in  a  minute  tubercle. 

General  color  dull  pale  olivaceous  brown,  slightly  darker  above,  with 
a  broad  black  stripe,  occasionally  obsolescent,  extending  from  behind 
the  eye  along  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona;  pleura 


NO.  1124.  RE  V I  SI  OX  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  331 

sometimes  marked  with  black  and  the  abdomen  with  a  lateral  black 
band,  sometimes  continuous  and  equal,  sometimes  confined  to  small 
triangular  spots  on  the  anterior  segments;  hind  femora  sometimes  a 
little  infuscated  externally,  the  genicular  lobes  sometimes  blackish,  the 
hind  tibiae  rather  dark  olivaceous,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black. 
The  summit  of  the  head  is  sometimes  marked  with  black  in  broad 
median  and  diverging  supraorbital  stripes. 

Length  of  body  (Jf.  m.  amplus),  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  22  mm.; 
antennae,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  15  mm.,  female, 
18  mm.  (est.);  hind  femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm.  Length  of 
body  (M.  m. pauper],  male,  14.5  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
0  mm.,  female,  6.25  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  4.5  mm.,  female,  5.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  8  mm.,  female,  11  mm. 

Xiiie  males,  8  females.  California  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection); 
Xatoma  vineyard,  Folsoin,  Sacramento  County,  California,  April,  C.  H. 
Dwinell  (same);  Atwater,  Merced  County,  California,  July  27,  D.  W. 
Coquillett  (same);  southern  California,  H.  W.  Heushaw;  Fort  Tejou, 
California,  July  26,  H.  W.  Henshaw. 

fThe  National  Museum  contains  a  male  and  female  of  the  diflereut 
brms  taken  in  coitu. 

no.  MELANOPLUS  PAROXYOIDES,  new  species. 
(Plates  I,  fig.  fc;  XXII,  fig.  6.) 

Of  rather  small  or  medium  size,  ferrugineo-testaceous,  with  a  marked 
black  postocular  baiid.  Head  not  prominent,  more  or  less  olivaceo- 
luteous,  clouded  with  fuscous  on  face  and  genae,  with  fuscous  stripes 
above,  and  a  black  postocular  band;  vertex  very  gently  tumid,  not  ele- 
vated above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
narrow,  not  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  wider  than  the  first  antenna! 
joint;  fastigium  rather  rapidly  declivent,  shallowly  (male)  or  very  shai- 
lowly  (female)  sulcate  throughout;  face  retreating  more  than  usual, the 
frontal  costa  rather  prominent  above,  percurrent,  equal,  fully  as  broad 
as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  excepting  above,  strongly 
punctate;  eyes  rather  large,  prominent  in  the  male,  very  much  longer 
than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous  or  rufo- 
Inteous,  about  five-sixths  (male)  or  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.  Pronotum  long,  subequal,  hardly  enlarging  posteriorly 
even  on  the  metazoua.  the  upper  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  with  a 
broad  solid  black  band  crossing  the  prozona,  and  sometimes  in  a  dif- 
fused form  the  metazoua,  below  which  the  lateral  lobes  are  more  or  less 
obscurely  luteous;  disk  pilose,  transversely  broadly  convex,  separated 
from  the  inferiorly  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  rounded  shoulder,  nowhere 
forming  lateral  carinae;  median  carina  uniform,  percurrent;  front  mar- 
gin subtruncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozona  distinctly  longi- 
tudinal especially  in  the  male,  fully  a  fourth  longer  than  the  finely  and 


332  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

densely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  long,  cylindrical,  slightly 
retrorse,  in  the  male  bluntly  pointed,  in  the  female  bluntly  rounded  and 
slightly  appressed ;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  three 
times  as  long  (male)  or  half  as  long  again  (female)  as  broad,  the  meta- 
sternal  lobes  attingent  (male)  or  approximate  (female).  Tegmina  not 
quite  reaching  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad,  tapering 
only  in  the  apical  third,  brownish  testaceous  and  immaculate  (male)  or 
feebly  maculate  along  the  discoidal  area  (female);  wings  moderately 
broad,  hyaline  with  blackish  fuscous  veins,  lighter  colored  in  the  anal 
area.  Mesothoracic  epiinera  black,  separating  the  mostly  luteous  bor- 
dering episterna.  Fore  and  middle  femora  somewhat  tumid  in  the 
male;  hind  femora  slender,  luteo-testaceous  with  an  olivaceous  tinge, 
more  or  less  ferruginous  above,  the  outer  face  often  more  or  less  minutely 
clouded  irregularly  with  fuscous,  the  inner  half  of  the  upper  face  thrice 
spotted  with  black,  besides  the  black  geniculation,  the  under  surface 
luteous  or  flavous;  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  the  base  lutescent  with  a  fusco- 
glaucous  annulation,  the  spines  black  with  pallid  base,  eleven  to  thir- 
teen, usually  twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male 
abdomen  a  little  clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  sub- 
triangular  with  sinuous  sides,  broadly  elevated  margins,  feebly  acut- 
angulate  apex,  and  brief,  triangular,  basal,  median  sulcus,  bounded  by 
elevated  ridges  which  meet  in  the  center  of  the  plate;  furcula  consist- 
ing of  a  pair  of  adjacent,  parallel,  brief,  blunt  denticulations  overlying 
the  median  sulcus  of  the  supraaual  plate;  cerci  long  and  slender, 
broadly  and  mesi.ally  constricted,  apically  spatulate,  gradually  and 
considerably  incurved,  the  external  surface  of  the  apical  portion  in  no 
wTay  sulcate  but  rather  tumid,  the  tip  attaining  the  extremity  of  the 
supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  broad,  rapidly  narrowing,  as  long  or 
almost  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  very  narrow, 
subequal,  the  apical  margin  in  no  way  elevated  or  flaring,  well  rounded, 
entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  27.5  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  10.25  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  17.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.75  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

Three  males,  4  females.  Key  West,  Florida,  Morrison ;  Tallahassee, 
Florida,  December,  F.  H.  Snow  (University  of  Kansas). 

This  species  is  very  distinct  from  any  other  known  to  me,  and  reminds 
one  strongly  of  Paroxya. 

25.  COLLLNTJS  SERIES. 

This  is  a  tolerably  homogeneous  group,  in  which  the  prozona  of  the 
male  is  quadrate  or  nearly  so,  varying  from  a  little  longitudinal  (in  one 
species  distinctly  longitudinal)  to  a  little  transverse,  and  the  interspace 
between  the  mesosternal  lobes  in  the  same  sex  ranges  from  a  little 
longer  than  broad  to  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The  tegmina  are  always 
fully  developed,  rarely  do  not  surpass  the  hind  femora,  and  are  more 


wo.1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  333 

or  less,  generally  rather  vaguely,  maculate  or  blotched.  The  hind 
tibiae  are  either  red  or  green,  usually  the  former,  and  have  ten  to  four- 
teen spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  pretty  regularly  triangular,  the  apex  never 
obtusangulate  and  generally  has  a  median  transverse  ridge  of  greater 
or  less  distinctness.  The  furcula  is  generally  a  mere  triangular  tooth 
shorter  than  the  last  dorsal  segment,  but  in  one  species  is  wanting  and 
in  others  forms  a  pair  of  slender  spines  a  little  longer  than  the  last 
dorsal  segment.  The  cerci  are  of  moderate  width  and  invariably  forked 
more  or  less  distinctly,  sometimes  the  upper,  sometimes  the  lower  fork 
the  longer,  or  they  have  a  strongly  angulate  median  process  beneath, 
which  stands  for  gdi  inferior  branch.  The  subgenital  plate  is  variable, 
but  is  generally  rather  broad  (but  sometimes  very  narrow)  and  gener- 
ally a  little,  in  one  species  greatly,  elevated  apically. 

The  species,  nine  in  number,  are  of  small  or  medium  size,  occasion- 
ally a  little  above  the  medium.  Some  species  or  other  of  the  group  has 
been  reported  from  every  part  of  the  United  States  excepting  Alaska 
and  California,  and  is  known  also  from  the  immediately  neighboring 
parts  of  the  Dominion  of  Canada  west  of  the  Great  Lakes,  but  none 
have  been  reported  from  Ontario  or  Quebec,  where  they  doubtless 
exist,  nor  from  the  Lower  Mississippi  Valley,  where  they  also  probably 
occur;  nor  is  a  single  species  known  from  any  part  of  Mexico. 

in.  MELANOPLUS   ALPINUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XXII,  fig.  7.) 
Melanoplm  alpinus  BRUXER!,  MS. 

Of  rather  small  size,  brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less  ferruginous 
above,  luteo-testaceous  below,  with  a  distinct  piceous  postocular  band. 
Head  feebly  prominent,  luteo-testaceous,  sometimes  with  an  olivaceous 
tinge  more  or  less  deeply  infuscated  above,  sometimes  confined  to  two 
oblique  stripes  on  either  side,  the  outer  following  the  margin  of  the 
eye  and  confluent  with  the  postocular  piceous  band;  vertex  gently 
tumid,  elevated  a  little  above  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes  nearly  twice  (male)  or  fully  thrice  (female)  as  broad 
as  the  first  autennal  joint;  fastigiuin  rather  strongly  decliveut,  shal- 
lowly  (male)  or  scarcely  and  broadly  (female)  sulcate;  frontal  costa 
nearly  or  quite  percurrent,  subequal,  scarcely  narrower  than  the  inter- 
space between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at  and  sometimes  below  the  ocellus, 
biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  moderate,  not  prominent,  about  as 
long  as  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous  or  rufous? 
more  or  less  feebly  iufuscated  apically,  about  two  thirds  (male)  or  half 
(female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotum  rather  short,  feebly 
expanding  posteriorly,  the  disk  more  or  less  ferruginous,  the  lateral 
lobes  luteous  on  the  prozoua,  except  the  broad,  piceous,  almost  unbroken 
baud  across  the  upper  half;  disk  broadly  convex,  passing  into  the  ver- 


334  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

tical  lateral  lobes  by  a  distinct  but  rounded  shoulder,  sometimes  form- 
ing feeble  blunt  lateral  carinae,  especially  on  the  inetazona;  median 
carina  distinct  and  sharp  on  the  inetazona,  less  distinct  and  in  the 
female  sometimes  subobsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  truncate, 
hind  margin  bluntly  obtusangulate 5  prozona  transverse,  rarely  quad- 
rate or  subquadrate,  slightly  longer  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  at 
least  a  fourth  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the  finely  but 
obscurely  punctate  metazoua.  Prosternal  spine  short,  very  blunt  con- 
ical, erect  or  suberect,  feebly  (male)  or  strongly  (female)  appressed; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad 
(male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegmina  reaching,  rarely  surpassing,  the 
tips  of  the  hind  femora,  of  normal  width  and  form,  brownish  fuscous, 
distinctly  but  not  heavily  maculate  along  the  discoidal  area,  rather 
more  distinctly  in  the  female  than  in  the  male;  wings  moderately 
broad,  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  fuscous,  deepening  apically  and  ante- 
riorly. Fore  and  middle  femora  very  little  tumid  in  the  male;  hind 
femora  of  normal  length,  above  and  within  bimaculate  with  fuscous, 
which  is  ordinarily  confined  in  extent,  but  when  extended  takes  on  the 
form  of  very  oblique  fasciations,  developed  more  on  the  inner  than  on 
the  outer  face,  the  latter  luteo  testaceous  more  or  less  infuscated  espe- 
cially along  the  upper  margin,  beneath  and  on  lower  half  of  inner  face 
luteous  or  flavous,  the  genicular  arc  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  variable,  red, 
yellow,  or  green,  but  always  pale  and  rather  dull  in  tint,  the  spines 
black  beyond  the  base,  ten  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  recurved,  the  supra- 
anal  plate  triangular,  the  apex  acutangulate,  the  surface  nearly  plane, 
with  a  shallow  median  sulcus  on  the  basal  three-fourths,  formed  by 
parallel  and  at  last  united,  not  very  high,  rounded,  bounding  ridges; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  feeble,  triangular  denticu- 
lations  overlying  these  ridges;  cerci  gently  arcuate  inward,  consisting 
of  a  stout,  tumid,  very  rapidly  narrowing  basal  portion,  a  short,  sub- 
cylindrical,  median  stem,  and  an  apical  furcation  which  develops  two 
flanges:  an  upper,  inward  directed  brief  finger,  hardly  longer  than 
broad  and  blunt  tipped;  and  a  long,  dowucurved,  tapering,  pointed 
apophysis,  angulate  on  its  upper  margin  and  reaching  far  beyond  the 
supraanal  plate  to  the  base  of  the  apical  elevation  of  the  subgenital 
plate;  the  latter  moderately  broad  and  equal  except  for  the  extreme 
and  abrupt  apical  elevation  of  the  margin,  forming,  as  viewed  from 
behind,  a  quadrate  truncate  plate,  mesially  appressed,  rising  above 
the  lateral  margins  of  the  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  22  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.5 
rnm.,  female,  6.25  mm. ;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  16  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Thirteen  males,  11  females.  British  Columbia,  Crotch  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta,  August,  L.  Bruner 


wo.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI-SCUDDER.  335 

(U.S.KM.— Kiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder) ;  Henry  Lake,  Idaho, 
August,  Bruuer  (same).  Since  this  was  written,  Mr.  0.  F.  Baker  has 
sent  me  specimens  from  Fort  Collins,  Colorado,  and  from  Morris  Kanch, 
Larimer  County,  Colorado,  8,500  feet. 

112.  MELANOPLUS  INFANTILIS. 
(Plate  XXII,  fig.  8.) 

Melanoplm  infantilis  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  65-67; 
Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  54-56.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comra.,  Ill  (1883), 
p.  60;  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885),  p.  17.— CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII 
(1886),  p.  71.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  303,  307;  Publ. 
Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28. 

One  of  the  smallest  if  not  the  very  smallest  macropterous  species  of 
Melanoplus  known.  The  general  color  is  a  dark  griseous,  the  vertex 
of  the  head  marked  in  black  and  dull  yellow  in  a  somewhat  radiate 
fashion,  the  whole  face  and  sides  of  head  brownish  olive  or  sordid 
yellow,  flecked  more  or  less  abundantly  with  black;  the  antennae  are 
pale  dirty  yellow,  becoming  infuscated  toward  the  tip;  behind  the  eye 
is  a  broad  black  baud,  often  edged  with  yellow  above,  which  also 
traverses  the  upper  half  or  less  of  the  lateral  lobes,  confined  to  the 
prozoiia,  and  is  often  enlivened  by  a  small  pale  quadrate  patch  in  the 
center  of  the  lobes;  the  rest  of  the  latter  varies  from  yellow  to  brown, 
palest  next  the  margins;  the  upper  surface  of  the  pronotuin  varies  a 
good  deal,  but  is  usually  griseous,  often  with  a  median  belt  of  dirty 
yellow  or  ferruginous,  edged  on  the  front  of  the  metazona  by  a  pair  of 
oblique,  crescentic,  longitudinal  or  converging  patches  of  black.  Teg- 
miua  cinereous,  with  alternate  minute  blocks  of  yellow  and  blackish 
fuscous  in  the  discoidal  area,  apically  changing  to  scattered  quadrate 
fuscous  dots.  Hind  femora  below  straw -yellow,  above  dark  brown, 
with  a  pair  of  conspicuous,  very  oblique  pale  bars  at  the  middle  and 
next  the  base;  hind  tibiae  pale  glaucous,  occasionally  with  a  faint 
rufous  tinge,  becoming  paler  next  the  base  and  straw-yellow  at  the  tip, 
the  spines  more  or  less  heavily  black-tipped,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely 
twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series;  hind  tarsi  yellowish. 

Head  rather  large,  but  not  elevated,  and  moderately  arched;  inter- 
space between  the  eyes  scarcely  broader  than  the  first  antenna!  joint 
(male)  or  broader  than  the  length  of  the  same  (female);  fastigium 
steeply  dechvent,  deeply  and  roundly  (male)  or  shallowly  and  flatly 
(female)  sulcate,  the  lateral  margins  blunt  and  either  slightly  (female) 
or  distinctly  (male)  divergent  and  then  anteriorly  convergent;  frontal 
co3ta  broad,  nearly  equal,  slightly  broader  below  than  above,  tumid 
(female)  or  flat  (male)  above,  with  a  row  of  puncta  on  either  side, 
narrowly  and  rather  slightly  sulcate  at  and  just  below  the  ocellus; 
eyes  rather  large,  moderately  prominent,  a  little  longer  than  (male) 
or  about  as  long  as  (female)  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 


336  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

antennae  about  three-fourths  (male)  or  over  two-thirds  (female)  as  long 
as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotuin  rather  uniform,  subequal,  the  metazona 
broadening  slightly,  especially  in  the  male,  subpunctate;  median 
carina  distinct  throughout,  but  much  slighter  on  the  prozona  than  on 
the  metazona;  lateral  carinae  tolerably  distinct  throughout,  but  blunt; 
transverse  sulci  of  prozona  distinct  throughout,  unusually  sinuous,  not 
severing  the  median  carina;  prozona  transverse,  occasionally  in  the 
male  subquadrate,  distinctly  longer  than  the  metazona.  Prosternal 
spine  short,  stout,  erect,  conico-cylindrical,  appressed,  more  so  in  the 
female  than  in  the  male;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  half  as 
long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  transverse,  but  narrower  than  the  lobes 
(female).  Tegmina  attaining,  generally  surpassing  a  little,  the  tips  of 
the  hind  femora,  slender,  feebly  tapering.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  rounded  triangular,  the 
extreme  apex  excised,  fully  as  broad  as  long;  furcula  reduced  to  a  pair 
of  minute  and  blunt  triangular  teeth;  cerci  thickened  and  tumid  at 
base,  immediately  narrowing  to  half  tlie  width  and  compressed,  almost 
immediately  broadening  again,  curving  inward  while  they  run  back- 
wark  and  upward,  and  forking,  the  upper  branch  directed  upward  and 
inward,  nearly  as  large  as  the  basal  expansion,  subtriangular,  a  little 
longer  than  broad,  compressed  and  apically  rounded;  the  other  arm 
much  longer,  nearly  as  long  as  the  rest  of  the  appendage,  slender, 
tapering,  but  bluntly  pointed  and  directed  backward  and  inward,  a 
little  arched  from  beneath;  subgenital  plate  narrow  and  equal  except 
for  the  abrupt  and  considerable  elevation  of  the  extreme  apical  margin, 
which  is  mesially  notched.  Basal  tooth  of  the  lower  valves  of  the  ovi- 
positor large,  triangular,  sharp,  as  long  as  broad. 

Length  of  body,  male  15.5  mm.,  female  20  mm.;  antennae,  male  6.25 
mm.,  female  6.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male  10.5  mm.,  female  13  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male  8.75  mm.,  female  10.5  mm. 

Forty-one  males,  52  females.  Medicine  Hat,  Assiniboia,  September 
(U.S.N.M.—  Eiley  collection) ;  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta,  September  (same) ; 
Yakima  Eiver,  opposite  Ellensburg,  Kittitas  County,  Washington,  S. 
Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Salmon  City,  Leinhi  County, 
Idaho,  August  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Yellowstone,  Montana, 
August  (same);  Mandan,  Morton  County,  Xorth  Dakota  (same);  Doug- 
las, Converse  County,  Wyoming,  Bruner  (same);  Evauston,  Uintah 
County,  Wyoming,  6,800  feet,  August  6;  Cheyenne,  Laraniie  County, 
Wyoming  (L.  Bruner);  Colorado  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Colo- 
rado, 5,500  feet,  Morrison;  Florissant,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  8,000 
feet,  August  17-22;  South  Park,  Colorado,  8,000  to  10,000  feet,  August 
11-16;  Garland,  Costillo  County,  Colorado,  8,000  feet,  August  28-29; 
Fort  Robinson,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  August  21-22,  L.  Bruner 
(U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Eegina,  Assiniboia,  by  Caulfield. 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  ^fKLAXOPIJ—SC^DDER.  337 


113.  MELANOPLUS    MINOR. 
(Plate  XXII,  lig.  9.) 

Caloptenus  minor  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Best.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  XVII  (1875),  p.  478;  Ent. 

Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  77;  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876(1876),  p.  501;  Ann.  Rep. 

Geogr.    Surv.   100th  Mer.  (1876),  p.  281.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent..  IX   (1877), 

p.  145.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— SCUDDKK!,  Cent. 

Orth.  (1879),  p.  22.— DODGE,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  II  (1881),  App.,  p.  17.— 

BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  IV  (1884), 

pp.  57,  58. 

Caloptenus  occidentaUs  THOMAS!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1878  (1878),  1845. 
Melanoplus  minor  SCUDDKR,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  84.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  XVII 

(1885),  p.  17.— BLATCHLEY,  ibid.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  81.— MCNEILL,  Psyche,  VI 

(1891),  p.  74.— MORSE,  ibid.,  VI  (1892),  p.  250.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad. 

Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  53.— BEUTENMULLER, 

Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  pp.  307-308. 

Of  medium  size,  dark-brownish  fuscous,  often  with  a  ferruginous 
tinge,  especially  on  the  disk  of  the  pronotum,  luteous  beneath.  Head 
very  feebly  prominent,  testaceous,  obscurely  mottled  with  fuscous  at 
least  above,  where  there  is  generally  a  broad,  median  blackish  stripe 
and  a  postocular  piceous  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  scarcely  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  nearly  twice 
(male)  or  nearly  thrice  (female)  as  broad  as  the  first  anteunal  joint; 
fastigium  steeply  declivent,  narrow,  equal,  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly 
(female)  sulcate,  the  lateral  margins  sharp ;  frontal  costa  percurrent, 
faintly  narrowed  next  the  antennae,  elsewhere  subequal,  about  as  broad 
as  the  space  between  the  eyes,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the 
ocellus;  eyes  moderately  large,  a  little  prominent,  almost  as  long  as  the 
infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  rufous,  apically  iufuscated, 
about  two- thirds  as  long  as  the  hind  femora,  the  proportions  scarcely 
differing  in  the  two  sexes.  Pronotum  short,  distinctly  but  not  greatly 
expanding  on  the  rnetazona,  the  postocular  stripe  of  the  lateral  lobes 
extending  over  the  prozona,  broader  and  more  distinct  than  on  the 
head,  the  disk  very  broadly  convex,  passing  into  the  subvertical  lateral 
lobes  by  a  distinct  but  always  rounded  shoulder  nowhere  forming 
lateral  carinae;  median  carina  slight,  scarcely  less  distinct  on  the  pro 
zona  than  on  the  raetazona,  cut  only  by  the  principal  sulcus;  front 
margin  truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate ;  prozona  longitudinally 
subquadrate,  feebly  more  longitudinal  in  the  male  than  in  the  female, 
distinctly  longer  than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine 
not  very  long,  conico-cylindrical,  more  or  less  appressed,  suberect; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (male) 
or  a  little  transverse  (female).  Tegmina  reaching  about  to  the  tips  of  the 
hind  femora,  sometimes  a  little  short  of,  sometimes  surpassing  them, 
rather  slender  and  subequal,  brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less  distinctly 
but  never  heavily  maculate  with  fuscous  along  the  discoidal  area;  wings 
moderately  broad,  hyaline  with  the  faintest  possible  bluish  tinge,  the 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 22 


338  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATEOXAL  UUSEl'M. 


veins  mostly  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  a  little  tumid  in  the 
male ;  hind  femora  luteo-testaeeous,  outside  (excepting  below)  more  or 
less  deeply  iufuscated,  the  infuscation  sometimes  confined  to,  or  more 
marked  in,  very  oblique  dusky  fasciations,  which  also  cross  the  upper 
face,  the  lower  face  generally  dull  orange;  hind  tibiae  very  variable 
but  generally  nearly  uniform  in  color,  pale  red  or  glaucous  being  the 
prevailing  color,  but  they  are  sometimes  plumbeous  or  yellowish; 
spines  black  tipped,  ten  to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  feebly  recurved,  the 
supraanal  plate  triangular  with  aeutangulate  apex,  the  surface  nearly 
flat  with  a  narrowing,  moderately  deep,  median  sulcus  between  rather 
prominent  ridges,  which  are  confluent  apically  and  terminate  a  little 
beyond  the  middle  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  rather 
distant,  parallel,  slender  spines,  somewhat  longer  than  the  last  dorsal 
segment,  overlying  the  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  with  the 
basal  portion  stout,  rectangular,  not  very  strongly  compressed,  nearly 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  apical  portion  of  the  same  shape  but  broadly 
rounded  at  the  tip,  nearly  as  long  as  the  basal  part,  but  narrower,  bent 
from  it  upward  at  an  angle  of  45°,  bent  also  inward,  much  compressed 
and  shallowly  sulcate,  with  an  inferior  bounding  ridge;  subgenital 
plate  very  short,  subequal  but  apically  rounded,  the  lateral  margin 
somewhat  infolded  at  base,  the  apical  margin  mesially  angulate,  thick- 
ened and  feebly  tuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8 
mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  16.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.25  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

One  hundred  and  seven  ty- three  males,  119  females.  Fryeburg,  Oxford 
County,  Maine,  August  20  (A.  P.  Morse);  Kearsarge  village,  North 
Coiiway,  and  Jackson,  Carroll  County,  New  Hampshire,  July  2-30 
(same);  Faneuil  Station,  Boston,  Massachusetts,  July  14  (same);  Sher- 
born,  Belmont,  and  Natiek,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  June 
23-August  6  (same);  Wellesley,  Needham,  Dover,  and  Blue  Hill, 
Norfolk  County,  Massachusetts,  June  13-August  4  (same);  Winchen- 
don,  Worcester  County,  Massachusetts,  June  30-July  5  (same) ;  Thomp- 
son, Windham  County,  Connecticut,  August  4,  6  (same);  Montville 
and  Niantic,  New  London  County,  Connecticut,  August  7,8  (same); 
Stamford,  Fairfield  County,  Connecticut,  August  13-17  (same) ;  Croton, 
Delaware  County,  New  York,  June  26;  Virginia,  July  (L.  Bruner); 
Indiana,  Bollman  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection) ;  Illinois;  Dallas  County, 
Iowa,  August  6,  J.  A.  Allen ;  Jefferson,  Greene  County,  Iowa,  July  20- 
24,  Allen;  Crawford  County,  Iowa,  July  13-24,  on  prairies,  Allen; 
Brookfield,  Linn  County,  Missouri,  E.  P.  Austin;  Nebraska,  Dodge; 
Nebraska?,  A.  Agassiz  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  War  Bonnet 
Canyon,  Nebraska,  L.  Bruner  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Valentine, 
Cherry  County,  Nebraska,  Bruner  (same);  Gordon,  Sheridan  County, 
Nebraska,  Bruner  (same);  Boulder,  Colorado,  June  (same);  Poudre 
Ittver,  Colorado,  July  16,  Bruner  (same);  Colorado,  6,000  feet,  Mor- 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SGUDDER.  339 


rison;  Wyoming,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M.— Kiley  collection);  Fort  McKin- 
ney,  Johnson  County,  Wyoming,  July  (same);  Douglas,  Converse 
County,  Wyoming,  Bruner  (same);  Barney's  Peak,  7,000  to  8,000  feet, 
South  Dakota,  Bruner  (same);  Fort  Buford,  Williams  County,  North 
Dakota  (same);  Dakota  (same);  Montana,  and  Yellowstone,  Montana 
(same);  Minnesota;  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  Donald  Gann  and  R.  Kenni- 
cott. 

It  is  also  reported  by  Bruner  from  Washington  (State),  and  from 
Fort  Collins,  Larimer  County,  Colorado. 

114.  MELANOPLUS   CONFUSUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XXII,  fig.  10.) 

Of  medium  size,  flavo- testaceous.  Head  not  prominent,  probably 
tiavo-luteous  in  life,  marked  with  fuscous  above  in  a  median  stripe  and  a 
pairof  divergent,  posteriorly  enlarging  stripes,  besides  a  broad,  distinct, 
piceous,  postocular  band;  vertex  somewhat  tumid,  slightly  elevated 
above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  hardly  so  wide 
as1  (male)  or  almosfrtwice  as  wide  as  (female)  the  first  antennal  joint; 
fastigium  gently  declivent,  deeply  (male)  or  shallowly  (female)  sulcate; 
frontal  costa  subequal,  but  slightly  broader  below,  about  as  broad  as 
the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  distinctly  sulcate  at  and  below  the 
ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  of  moderate  size  and  promi- 
nence, only  slightly  more  prominent  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  a 
little  longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  luteous, 
slightly  infuscated  next  the  apex,  about  two-thirds  (male)  or  but  little 
more  than  a  half  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  with 
the  prozona  subequal  except  for  the  tumid  sides,  the  raetazoua  expand- 
ing considerably,  the  sides  of  the  prozona  with  a  broad,  piceous, 
postocular  baud,  which  is  sometimes  a  little  maculate  or  strigose  with 
luteous,  the  disk  broadly  convex  and  passing  by  a  well-rounded  shoul- 
der, forming  blunt  lateral  carinae  on  the  inetazona  and  extreme  front  of 
prozona,  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  median  carina  distinct,  sub- 
equal,  percurrent;  front  margin  truncate,  with  feeblest  sign  of  minute 
emargination,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozona  distinctly  longi- 
tudinal (male)  or  longitudinally  subquadrate  (female),  very  sparsely 
punctate,  not  a  great  deal  longer  than  the  finely  and  densely  punctate 
inetazona.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  compressed,  blunt  coni- 
cal, feebly  retrorse  (male),  or  rather  short,  appressed  conical,  very 
blunt,  erect  (female):  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  half 
as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  the  metasternal 
lobes  approximate  (male)  or  moderately  distant  (female).  Tegmina 
long  and  rather  slender,  subequal,  slightly  or  considerably  surpassing 


'Undoubtedly  wider  in  life,  the  exceptionally  deep  sulcation  of  the  fastigium  of 
the  single  male  indicating  a  contraction  of  the  intraocular  space  from  drying  after 
immersion  in  alcohol. 


340  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


the  liiiid  femora,  brownish  fuscous,  with  a  conspicuous,  slender,  alter- 
nating series  of  dark  fuscous  and  luteous  quadrate  spots  along  the 
middle  line;  wings  not  very  broad,  hyaline,  the  veins  fusco  luteous. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  very  slightly  enlarged  in  the  male;  hind 
femora  slender,  compressed,  luteo  testaceous,  very  obscurely  and  on  the 
sides  obliquely  bifasciate  with  fuscous,  most  distinctly  on  the  upper 
face,  the  geniculation  more  or  less  infuscated;  hind  tibiae  luteo-testa- 
ceous,  the  spines  black  beyond  the  base,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the 
supraanal  plate  subtriangular  with  expanded  base  and  feebly  angulate 
sides,  the  apex  subrectangulate,  the  apical  third  a  little  tumid  and  dis- 
tinctly elevated  above  the  median  portion,  the  median  sulcus  deep, 
percurrent.  narrow  in  the  middle  and  expanded  at  both  extremities; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  adjacent,  subparallel  processes,  each  of 
which  consists  of  a  tumid  base  bearing  an  apical,  equal,  slender,  arcuate 
projection  hardly  longer  than  the  base;  cerci  with  asubequal,  rectangu- 
late  basal  portion,  straight  but  transversely  arcuate,  more  than  half  as 
long  again  as  broad,  the  upper  apical  corner  of  which  is  produced  as  a 
slightly  twisted  rounded  subspatulate  lobe,  hardly  longer  than  broad, 
incurved  and  exteriorly  sulcate,  about  two  thirds  as  broad  as  theba>al 
portion,  which  is  thus  rectangulate  at  its  lower  apical  extremity;  sub- 
genital  plate  small,  narrow,  apically  narrowed,  the  apical  margin  a  little 
incrassate,  entire,  not  elevated. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8  mm., 
female,  7.5  mm. ;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  15  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male, 
11.75  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

One  male,  3  females.  Munsons  Hill  [Kentucky?],  July  12  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology);  Newport,  Campbell  County,  Kentucky,  C.  M. 
Willard  vsame). 

The  single  female  from  Newport  is  placed  here  with  some  doubt  on 
account  of  its  divergence  from  the  others;  and  all  the  specimens  have 
been  dried  after  long  immersion  in  alcohol,  bleaching  the  colors  to  some 
extent,  and  contracting  some  of  the  parts. 

115.  MELANOPLUS  ARIZONAE. 

Melanoplus  arizonae  SCUDDER,  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XX  (1879),  pp.  64-65; 

Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.   53-54.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  Ill  (1883), 

p.  60. 

Of  medium  size.  Head  rather  small,  subcompressed,  not  elevated, 
moderately  arched;  eyes  moderately  prominent;  interspace  between 
the  eyes  as  broad  as  the  length  of  the  basal  antenna!  joint;  fastigiuin 
very  shallow,  with  moderately  sharp  but  not  prominent  lateral  walls, 
which  give  it  a  subspatulate  form;  frontal  costa  rather  broad,  above 
slightly  tumid,  with  punctulate  sides,  scarcely  broader  below,  sulcate 
at  the  ocellus  and  to  some  degree  below  it.  Prouotuin  rather  slender, 
rather  uniform  but  distinctly  broadening  on  the  metazona,  which  is 
separated  from  the  prozona  by  a  considerable  depression  and  a  pretty 
deep  sulcus;  metazona  rather  distinctly  punctate;  median  carina  dis 


no.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDER.  341 


tinct  throughout  though  slight  ;  lateral  carinae  obscure  on  the  prozona, 
the  middle  of  the  prozona  tumid  on  the  tipper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes; 
transverse  sulci  of  prozona  distinct  throughout, not  severing  the  median 
carina.  Tegm  in  a  considerably  longer  than  the  body.  Supraanal  plate 
of  male  (so  far  as  can  be  seen  on  the  single  specimen  in  which  the  parts 
are  somewhat  concealed)  semiovate,  broadly  rounded  apically,  longer 
than  broad;  the  forks  of  the  furcula  slender,  aculeate,  parallel,  approx- 
imate, about  half  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  of  moderate  size, 
compressed,  the  basal  half  tapering  considerably,  straight  as  seen 
laterally,  directed  backward,  the  apical  half  a  little  incurved,  nearly 
equal,  enlarging  a  little  apically  and  notched  at  the  tip;  subgeuital 
plate  haustrate,  rounded,  entire.  Basal  tooth  of  lower  valves  of 
ovipositor  sharp,  triangular,  as  long  as  broad. 

The  specimens  on  which  this  description  is  based  were  collected  in 
alcohol,  and  little  can  be  said  of  their  color;  there  is  a  more  or  less 
broken  black  postocular  baud  crossing  the  prozona  on  the  upper  half 
of  the  lateral  lobes;  the  hind  femora  may  have  been  faintly  banded, 
the  hind  tibiae  were  probably  red,  with  black  spines,  and  there  is  a  dis- 
tinct row  of  fuscous  rectangular  spots  down  the  discoidal  area  of  the 
tegmiua,  especially  in  the  female. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  22  mm. ;  antennae,  male,  9  mm., 
female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  19  mm.;  hind  femora,  male, 
12.5  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.    Arizona,  Thomas. 

I  have  never  again  seen  the  specimens  on  which  this  species  was 
founded,  nor  any  others  that  could  be  referred  to  it.  Accordingly,  with 
slight  change  in  the  phraseology,  I  reproduce  the  original  description, 
to  which  I  may  add  the  following  unpublished  notes,  taken  while  the 
specimens  were  still  in  my  hands:  The  species  has  very  much  the  same 
general  appearance  as  M.  femur-rubrum.  It  has,  however,  entirely  dif- 
ferent abdominal  appendages,  as  may  be  seen  above,  and  also  slenderer 
tegmina,  in  the  venation  of  which  it  closely  resembles  M.  keeleri.  The 
prosternal  spine  is  not  very  large,  but  moderately  stout  and  bluntly 
rounded  at  tip,  a  little  appressed,  and,  on  side  view,  not  tapering;  the 
mesosternal  lobes  are  much  as  in  M.  'keeleri.  The  median  carina  is  more 
distinct  on  the  metazona  than  on  the  prozona;  the  proportions  of  the 
prozona  are  as  in  M.  keeleri  and  the  whole  pronotum  almost  precisely 
as  in  that  species,  with  a  little  more  rounded  angle  to  the  hind  margin. 

116.  MELANOPLUS  KEELERI. 
(Plate  XXIII,  fig.  1.) 

Caloptenus  keeleri  'THOMAS  !,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  I,  No.  2  (1874),  p.  69.— 
GLOVER,  111.,  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1874),  pi.  xvn,  fig.  1.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S. 
Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Melanoplus  tenebrosus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.  (1879),  p.  63;  Cent. 
Orth.  (1879),  p.  52.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Of  medium  size;  above  very  dark,  almost  blackish  brown,  the  male 
darker  than  the  female;  beneath  dirty  olive.  Head  not  elevated,  the 


342  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


face  more  or  less  purplish,  the  genae  flecked  with  yellowish  green  and 
with  black;  vertex  moderately  arched,  feebly  elevated  above  the  pro- 
uotuin,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  a  little  broader  than  (male)  or 
nearly  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first  antenna!  joint;  fastigium 
rather  shallow,  but  with  distinct  blunt  bounding  walls,  which  have  a 
subovate  outline;  frontal  costa  fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes,  slightly  compressed  above,  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus, 
laterally  pun ctulate  above;  eyes  rather  prominent,  a  little  longer  than 
theiufraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae  reddish  at  the  base,  becom- 
ing more  and  more  fuscous  apically,  about  four- fifths  (male)  or  two- 
thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  pretty  uniform, 
scarcely  expanding  on  the  metazona,  wfiich  is  only  slightly  separated 
from  the  prozona  and  is  obscurely  punctate;  behind  the  eyes  is  a  black 
band,  which  crosses  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona, 
but  is  not  very  distinct  from  the  general  iufuscation  of  the  prothorax; 
median  carina  slight,  distinct  only  at  the  extreme  front  and  on  the 
metazona;  lateral  carinae  tolerably  distinct;  transverse  sulci  of  prozona 
slight,  the  anterior  scarcely  severing  the  median  carina;  front  margin 
truncate,  hind  margin  obtusangulate;  prozoua  feebly  longitudinal  (male) 
or  quadrate  or  transverse  (female).  Prosterual  spine  of  moderate 
length,  stout,  conico-cylindrical,  somewhat  appressed,  blunt,  erect; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  nearly  or  quite  twice  as  long  as 
broad  (male)  or  a  little  longer  than  broad  (female).  Tegmina  reaching 
or  somewhat  surpassing  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  moderately  broad, 
distinctly  tapering,  very  dark  brown  or  blackish,  especially  in  the  male, 
rather  inconspicuously  maculate  along  the  discoidal  area;  wings  rather 
broad,  hyaline,  very  faintly  infumated  in  the  apical  half,  the  veins 
mostly  dark  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  a  little  tumid  in  the 
male,  reddish  brown,  infuscated  above,  especially  at  the  apex;  hind 
femora  mostly  blackish  externally,  with  oblique,  more  or  less  broken, 
median  and  basal  bands  of  dull  testaceous,  especially  in  the  male, 
the  geniculation  black;  hind  tibiae  red  with  a  narrow  basal  black  or 
blackish  annulus,  the  spines  black,  eleven  to  fourteen  in  number 
in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  a  very  little  clavate, 
scarcely  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  rounded  triangular,  of  about 
equal  length  and  breadth;  furcula  reduced  to  a  pair  of  slight,  blunt 
tubercles;  cerci  small,  compressed,  the  basal  two-thirds  straight, 
slightly  tumid,  directed  backward,  tapering  slightly,  the  apical  third 
forked,  the  forks  at  right  angles,  the  upper  generally  twice  as  broad 
and  half  as  long  again  as  the  lower  (but  the  lower  very  variable  in 
size),  compressed,  straight,  but  a  little  incurved,  rounded  at  tip,  the 
lower  more  nearly  in  the  course  of  the  basal  portion,  straight,  bluntly 
tipped;  subgenital  plate  rather  broad,  a  little  longer  than  broad,  haus- 
trate,  subquadrate,  entire.  Basal  tooth  of  the  lower  valves  of  the  ovi- 
positor sharp,  triangular,  as  long  as  broad. 


N0.ii24.  /.'A' T/S70.Y  nr  THE  MELAXorLI—SCTDDER.  343 

Length  of  body,  male,  2L*  mm.,  female,  2G  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10. r> 
mm.,  female,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  1.6.5  mm,  female,  20.5  nun.;  hind 
femora,  male,  13  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 

Sixteen  males,  16  females.  North  Carolina,  Morrison;  Dingo  Bluff, 
North  Carolina,  November  15,  Parker-May nard;  Smithville,  North 
Carolina,  November  22,  Parker-Maynard ;  Florida,  Priddy  (L.  Brimer); 
Florida  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Jacksonville,  Duval  County, 
Florida,  Ashmead  (L.  Bruuer);  Cadet,  Washington  County,  Missouri, 
Eiley  (U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Dallas,  Texas 
(same). 

117.  MELANOPLUS  DELETOR. 
(Plate  XXIII,  tig.  2.) 

Caloptenus  (Metor  SCUDDER!,  Proo.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  pp.  475- 
476;  Eiit.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  pp.  74-75;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  pp.  19-20.— THOMAS, 
Rep.  U.  8.  Ent.  Conmi.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

McJanopltis  deletor  SCUDDEK,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  84. 

Of  moderately  large  size,  brownish  fuscous,  darkest  above.  Head 
feebly  prominent,  olivaceo  testaceous,  more  or  less  heavily  infuscated 
above  in  a  pair  of  divergent,  longitudinal  stripes;  vertex  rather  tumid, 
distinctly  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  scarcely  broader  than  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the 
tirst  antennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  shallow,  with  slight 
but  rather  sharp  lateral  margins,  greatly  expanding  anteriorly;  frontal 
costa  broad,  expanding  a  little  at  the  ocellus  and  a  little  sulcate  in  the 
same  part;  eyes  rather  large,  not  very  prominent,  somewhat  longer 
than  the  intraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  pale  reddish,  infus- 
cated apically,  about  four-fifths  (male)  or  three  fourths  (female)  as  long 
as  the  hind  femora.  Prouotuui  faintly  constricted  in  the  middle,  a 
little  larger  posteriorly  than  anteriorly,  the  disk  more  or  less  feebly 
striped  with  blackish  fuscous,  piano  convex,  passing  by  an  abrupt  but 
rounded  shoulder  into  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes,  which  are  luteo 
testaceous  with  an  olivaceous  tinge,  passing  above  more  or  less  gradu- 
ally into  the  postocular  stripe;  this  crosses  the  prozona  only,  is  always 
most  distinct  and  deeper  in  tint  at  its  upper  limit,  is  sometimes  con- 
lined  to  that  and  often  more  or  less  broken  with  luteous;  median 
carina  distinct  but  slight,  nearly  equal,  cut  only  by  the  principal  sul- 
cus;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  rounded  obtusangulate; 
prozona  longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  distinctly  longer 
than  the  obscurely  punctate  rnetazona.  Prosternal  spine  short,  stout, 
oppressed  cylindrical,  blunt,  erect,  in  the  female  somewhat  conical; 
interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  fully  twice  as  long  as  broad 
(male)  or  quadrate  (female).  Tegmiua  fully  reaching,  generally  some- 
what surpassing  the  hind  femora,  rather  broad,  distinctly  tapering, 
brownish  fuscous,  necked  throughout  with  fuscous,  more  conspicuously 
in  the  discoidal  area  from  alternating  with  a  line  of  pallid  spots;  wings 


344  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX 

broad,  hyaline,  glistening,  the  veins  fuscous  only  near  extreme  apex. 
Fore  and  middle  femora  distinctly  tumid  in  the  male,  dull  brownish, 
the  middle  femora  blackish  above,  especially  apically,  all  the  tarsi 
marked  with  blackish;  hind  femora  with  the  upper  outer  half  blackish, 
sometimes  broken  into  very  oblique  dashes  by  a  median  and  post  basal 
yellowish  streak;  hind  tibiae  red,  with  a  narrow  black  basal  annnlus, 
the  spines  black  beyond  the  base,  eleven  to  thirteen  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  a  little  clavate,  slightly 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  with  roundly  angulate,  feebly 
and  broadly  elevated  sides  and  subrectangulate  apex,  the  median 
sulcus  broad  and  deep,  occupying  only  the  basal  half  and  inclosed 
between  very  high  and  sharp  ridges,  which  apically  diverge  abruptly 
at  right  angles  to  the  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight  and 
distant  denticulations  lying  just  outside  the  base  of  the  supraaual 
ridges;  cerci  long  and  slender,  compressed,  a  little  incurved,  broadest 
at  the  base,  uniformly  and  very  slightly  tapering  on  the  basal  half, 
beyond  equal,  bent  a  little  upward,  broadly'  and  roundly  truncate  at 
tip,  and  emitting  from  the  inferior  angle  a  slender,  compressed,  scarcely 
tapering  shoot,  rounded  at  the  tip,  running  in  the  direction  of  the  upper 
margin  of  the  basal  half  of  the  cerci  and  in  the  same  general  plane; 
subgenital  plate  rather  broad,  slightly  longer  than  broad,  the  apical 
margin  feebly  elevated,  broadly  rounded  and  entire.  ^ 

Length  of  body,  male,  23.5  mm.,  female,  30.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
11.5  mm.,  female,  12  mm, ;  tegmina,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  22  mm. ;  hind 
femora,  male,  14.5  mm., female,  16  mm. 

Sixteen  males,  21  females.  San  Antonio,  Bexar  County,  Texas, 
May  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Bosque  County,  Texas,  November 
l,Belfrage  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (S.  H.  Scudder; 
U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Agricul- 
tural College,  Mississippi  (H.  E.  Weed);  Georgia,  Morrison  (U.S.K.M. — 
Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida, 
Maynard  (S.  Henshaw). 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  the  preceding  smaller  species,  but  may 
be  distinguished  from  it  by  the  points  brought  out  in  the  table. 

118.  MELANOPLUS  LURIDUS. 
(Plate  XXIII,  fig  7.) 

Caloptenus  luridus  DODGE!,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  11.— BRUNEH,  ibid.,  IX 
(1887),  p.  145.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— RILEY, 
ibid.,  I  (1878),  p.  220;  Stand.  Nat.  Hist.,  II  (1884),  p.  195. 

Melanoplus  luridus  BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60;  Bull.  Washb. 
Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  138;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  807.— OSBORN,  Proc. 
Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  n  (1892),  p.  118.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill 
(1893),  p.  28. 

Eather  small  in  size,  brownish  fuscous,  more  or.  less  ferruginous. 
Head  not  at  all  prominent,  dull  pallid  testaceous,  feebly  flecked  with 
fuscous,  above  with  widening  dull  fuscous  stripes  and  a  narrow  fus- 
cous postocular  band;  vertex  gently  tumid,  slightly  or  not  elevated 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCrDDER.  345 

above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  scarcely  wider 
than  (male)  or  fully  half  as  wide  again  as  (female)  the  basal  antennal 
joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  plane,  with  well  elevated  and 
rounded  lateral  margins;  frontal  costa  just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus, 
subequal,  fully  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  sulcate  at 
and  below  the  ocellus,  biseriately  punctate  above;  eyes  of  moderate 
size,  not  prominent,  shorter  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae; 
antennae  ferruginous,  feebly  infuscated  apically,  nearly  five-sixths 
(male)  or  less  than  three-fourths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora. 
Pronotum  subequal,  feebly  and  gradually  enlarging  posteriorly,  the 
disk  nearly  plane,  passing  by  distinct  but  abruptly  rounded  shoulders 
forming  subobsolete  lateral  carinae  into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which 
have  only  an  obscure,  rarely  a  distinct,  dark  postocular  band,  always 
limited  to  the  prozoua;  median  carina  percurrent  but  blunt  and  a  little 
obscure  on  the  prozona;  front  border  subtruncate,  hind  border  obtus- 
angulate,  the  angle  well  rounded;  prozona  slightly  longitudinal  (male) 
or  quadrate  (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  not  (female)  longer  than  the 
closely  punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  short,  conical,  blunt,  erect, 
in  the  female  a  little  appressed;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes 
a  little  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  transverse,  but  distinctly  narrower 
than  the  lobes  (female).  Tegmina  reaching  or  a  little  surpassing  the 
tipsW  the  hind  femora,  moderately  narrow,  very  gently  tapering, 
brownish  fuscous,  scarcely  or  distinctly  though  feebly  maculate  in  the 
proximal  part  of  the  discoidal  area;  wings  moderately  broad,  hyaline, 
most  of  the  veins  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  tumescent  in  the 
male;  hind  femora  long  and  slender,  luteo- testaceous,  above  rather 
broadly  bifasciate  with  blackish  fuscous,  often  confluent  along  the 
middle  of  the  outer  face  and  then  more  or  less  suffusing  the  whole  face 
excepting  below,  which  with  the  under  surface  is  dull  luteous,  occasion- 
ally tinged  more  or  less  distinctly  with  orange,  the  sides  of  the  genic- 
ulation  almost  wholly  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  red,  rarely  with  a  very  nar- 
row, basal,  fuscous  annulus,  the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black,  ten  to 
twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen 
clavate,  somewhat  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  slightly 
angulate  sides,  feebly  acutangulate  tip,  and  a  large,  equal,  and  deep 
median  sulcus  extending  over  the  basal  three-fourths  of  the  plate, 
bounded  by  high  and  sharp  ridges,  buttressed  in  the  middle  of  the 
plate  by  slight  transverse  ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  dis- 
tant slight  denticulations  lying  on  the  outer  side  of  the  base  of  the 
submedian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  consisting  of  a  straight 
basal  piece,  gently  and  slightly  tapering,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  the 
basal  breadth,  and  a  bifurcate  apical  portion,  the  bifurcation  at  right 
angles,  each  fork  bearing  a  similar  angular  relation  to  the  basal  piece, 
the  lower  fork  slight  and  tapering,  about  as  long  as  the  breadth  of  the 
basal  piece,  directed  obliquely  downward,  the  upper  fork  nearly  as  long 
as  and  about  half  as  broad  as  the  basal  piece,  equal,  apically  well 
rounded,  directed  obliquely  upward  and  bent  a  very  little  inward; 


346  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


subgeuital  plate  broad,  fully  as  broad  as  long,  the  apical  margin 
abruptly  slightly  and  equally  elevated,  entire,  the  whole  margin  of  the 
plate  as  seen  from  above  subquadrate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  27  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.5 
mm.,  female,  9.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  14  mm.,  female,  17  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.75  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

Sixteen  males,  17  females.  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August  8-10,  J.  A. 
Allen;  Brookfield,  Linn  County,  Missouri,  E.  P.  Austin;  Williams- 
ville,  Wayne  County,  Missouri.  S.  W.  Dentou  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  Nebraska, 
Dodge  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder) ;  West  Point,  Cum- 
ing County,  Nebraska,  August  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection;  L.  Bruner) ; 
Sidney,  Cheyenne  County,  Nebraska,  August  (L.  Bruner) ;  Fort  Eobin- 
son,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  August  (same);  Dakota  (U.S.N.M.— 
Kiley  collection);  Colorado,  Morrison  (S.  Henshaw);  Wyoming,  Mor- 
rison (F.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Mason  Valley,  Esmeralda  County, 
Nevada,  June  30,  A.  S.  Eichardson  (same);  Easton,  Kittitas  County, 
Washington  (same). 

It  is  also  reported  from  the  vicinity  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri  (Eiley), 
Eeuo  and  Barber  counties,  Kansas  (Bruuer),  and  the  Yellowstone  region, 
Montana  (Bruner). 

119.  MELANOPLUS  COLLINUS. 
(Plate  XXIII,  fig.  6.) 

Melanoplus  collinm  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  285; 
Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  44.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p. 
60.— FERNALD,  Orth.  N.  Engl.  (1888),  pp.  31,  32;  Aim.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric. 
Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  pp.  115,  116.— SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  N.  J.  (1890),  p.  413.— 
DAVIS,  Ent.  Anier.,  V  (1889),  p.  81.— BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891), 
p.  99.— MCNEILL!,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  74.— SMITH,  Bull.  X.  J.  Exp.  St., 
XC  (1892),  p.  34.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28.— MORSK  !, 
Psyche,  VI  (1893),  p.  406;  ibid.,  VII  (1894),  p.  53.— BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent., 
XXVI  (1894),  p.  244.— BEUTENMULLER,  Bull.  Am.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894), 
pp.  306-307. 

Medium  or  rather  small  sized,  dark  brownish  fuscous,  beneath  more 
or  less  pale  lemon-yellow.  Llead  not  prominent  but  rather  large,  the 
face  and  genae  mottled  with  brownish  purple  and  faint  purplish  white, 
the  latter  sometimes  supplanted  by  an  olivaceous  tint,  the  summit  with 
fuscous  or  purplish  longitudinal  streaks  and  a  black  postocular  band 
edged  above  by  purplish  or  yellowish;  vertex  rather  tumid,  distinctly 
elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  slightly 
broader  than  (male)  or  about  half  as  broad  again  as  (female)  the  first 
an tennal  joint;  fastigium  steeply  declivent,  shallowly  sulcate,  broaden- 
ing considerably  in  front;  frontal  costa  just  failing  to  reach  the  clypeus, 
equal,  of  the  same  breadth  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  depressed 
at  and  generally  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  punctate  throughout,  biseri- 
ately  above;  eyes  moderately  large,  moderately  prominent,  a  little 
longer  than  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae,  mottled  with  faintly 
purplish  black  and  faintly  purplish  white;  antennae  ferruginous  grow- 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDD ER.  347 


ing  apically  iufuscated,  about  three-fourths  (male)  or  two  thirds  (female) 
as  long  as  the  hind  femora;  clypeus,  labrum  and  base  of  mandibles 
mottled  like  the  face,  the  labrnm  edged  with  black;  palpi  pallid, 
streaked  exteriorly  with  purplish  brown,  the  last  joint  tipped  with 
purplish  black.  Pronotura  subequal,  feebly  and  regularly  enlarging 
posteriorly,  the  upper  portion  of  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  broad  piceous 
band,  occasionally  obsolete,  crossing  the  prozoua,  below  which  the 
lateral  lobes  have  the  mottling  of  the  face;  disk  nearly  plane,  sepa- 
rated from  the  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  bluntly  angulate  shoulder, 
almost  forming  a  lateral  carina;  median  carina  distinct  on  the  meta- 
zona,  subobsolete  on  the  prozona;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind 
margin  feebly  obtusangulate,  the  angle  rounded;  prozona  longitudi- 
nal (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  distinctly  (male)  or  scarcely  (female) 
longer  than  the  closely  punctate  inetazona.  Prosternal  spline  short, 
blunt,  conical,  a  little  stouter  in  the  female  than  in  the  male  and 
appressed;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  about  half  as  long 
again  as  broad  (male)  or  transverse  but  much  narrower  than  the  lobes 
(female).  Tegmiua  extending  backward  about  as  far  as  the  hind 
femora,  with  slight  variation,  moderately  broad,  distinctly  tapering, 
brownish  fuscous,  not  infrequently  somewhat  cinereous,  sprinkled  with 
delicate  fuscous  rnaculation  along  the  discoidal  area;  wings  not  very 
broad,  hyaline,  sometimes  with  a  scarcely  perceptible  yellowish  tinge  to 
the  anal  area,  the  veins  fuscous  apically  and  anteriorly  so  as  almost  to 
give  the  tip  an  infumated  appearance.  Fore  and  middle  legs  tumes- 
ceut  in  the  male,  mottled  with  the  colors  of  the  face;  hind  femora 
alternately  marked  externally  with  faint  purplish  brown,  dark  brown 
and  very  pale  purplish,  the  inferior  carina  yellowish  bordered  with 
white,  the  under  surface  yellowish;  hind  tibiae  coral  red  with  ft  basal 
black  annulation,  the  spines  tipped  with  black,  eleven  to  fourteen  in 
number  in  the  outer  series;  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  marked  with  fuscous 
deepening  into  black,  the  hind  tarsi  also  with  red.  Extremity  of  male 
abdomen  clavate,  a  little  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular 
with  convex  sides  and  rectangulate  tip,  the  lateral  margins  feebly 
elevated,  the  median  sulcus  as  in  the  preceding  species  but  with  rather 
less  prominent  walls;  furcula  present  only  as  slight  swellings  of  the 
inner  extremities  of  the  mesially  parted  lateral  halves  of  the  last  dorsal 
segment;  cerci  pale  brownish  compressed  laminae,  consisting  of  a  gently 
tapering  basal  half,  a  little  tumid,  straight  and  scarcely  twice  as  long 
as  the  basal  breadth,  and  a  bifurcate  apical  half,  the  forks  at  a  little 
less  than  a  right  angle  to  each  other,  equally  divergent  from  the  basal 
half,  the  lower  slight  and  subaculeate,  hardly  so  long  as  the  mesial 
breadth  of  t-lie  stem,  the  upper  equal  or  subspatulate,  fully  half  as 
broad  and  nearly  as  long  as  the  stem,  incurved,  subsulcate  and  apically 
rounded;  subgenital  plate  pale  yellowish  brown,  broad,  about  as  broad 
as  long,  the  apical  margin  broadly  rounded,  entire,  sometimes  subangu- 
late  laterally,  a  little  thickened  but  not  raised  above  the  lateral  margin 


348  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

or  but  in  the  feeblest  degree.  Ovipositor  pale  brownish,  tipped  with 
reddish  and  margined  with  black. 

The  colors  in  the  above  description  are  taken  mostly  from  living 
examples. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  9  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  17  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  11.5  mm.,  female,  13  mm. 

Ninety-two  males,  74  females.  Moosehead  Lake,  Maine;  Norway, 
Oxford  County,  Maine,  S.  I.  Smith  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
Mount  Kearsarge,  New  Hampshire,  2,000  feet  (A.  P.  Morse):  Pinkham 
Notch,  New  Hampshire,  September  (A.  P.  Morse);  Sudbury,  Rutland 
County,  Vermont;  Adams,  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts,  August 
1C,  17  (A.  P.  Morse);  Springfield,  Hampden  County,  Massachusetts, 
Allen  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Warwick,  Franklin  County, 
Massachusetts,  Miss  A.  M.  Edmands  (same);  Amherst,  Hampshire 
County,  Massachusetts  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Andover, 
Essex  County,  Massachusetts ;  Maiden  and  Waltham,  Middlesex  County, 
Massachusetts,  September  9  (S.  Henshaw);  Blue  Hill,  Norfolk  County, 
Massachusetts,  August  14,  19  (same);  vicinity  of  Boston  and  Jamaica 
Plain,  Suffolk  County,  Massachusetts,  August  13,  10  (S.  Heushaw;  S. 
H.  Scudder);  Barnstable,  Massachusetts;  Provincetown,  Barnstable 
County,  September  (S.  H.  Scudder;  Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
Naiitucket,  Massachusetts,  September  (S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder); 
North  Haven,  New  Haven  County,  Connecticut,  August  23  (A.  P. 
Morse);  Canaan,  Litchfield  County,  Connecticut,  August  18  (same); 
Colona,  Henry  County,  Illinois,  August,  J.  McNeill;  Vigo  County, 
Indiana,  W.  S.  Blatchley;  Petroleum,  Ritchie  County,  West  Virginia 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Staten  Island,  New  York  (Davis),  New 
Jersey  (Smith),  the  borders  of  Lake  Michigan,  in  Indiana  (Blatchley), 
and  Nebraska  (Bruner),  the  last,  I  think,  by  mistake. 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  M.  lurldus,  but  differs  in  its  lack 
of  any  projecting  part  to  the  furcula.  the  less  divergent  forks  of  the 
cerci,  less  elevated,  apical  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  and  greater 
maculation  of  the  tegmiua. 

I  first  observed  this  species  in  Sudbury,  Vermont,  in  August,  1868, 
abundant  in  the  vicinity  of  groves  in  dry  upland  pastures;  compara- 
tively few  M.  femur  rubrum  occurred  with  them,  the  latter  being  found 
in  open  sunny  spots,  and  especially  in  hollows  in  the  lowlands. 
McNeill,  who  was  the  first  to  find  it  in  the  West,  says  that  in  Illinois 
uit  is  restricted  to  the  tops  of  bills  and  tbe  sides  of  ravines  which  are 
too  barren  for  pasturage.''  At  Provincetown,  Massachusetts,  I  found 
it  at  the  sandy  edges  of  neglected  cranberry  beds.  According  to 
Blatchley,  this  species  may  be  found  in  pairing  time  u  among  the  leaves 
and  branches  of  the  iron-weed."  I  found  one  specimen  devouring  a  per- 
fectly dry  and  dead  hickory  leaf.  At  the  middle  of  August,  in  Vermont, 
the  eggs  are  quite  undeveloped,  the  ovaries  lying  as  mere  films  on  the 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER.  340 


intestines  of  those  dissected.  The  first  pair  taken  in  coitu  was  found 
August  16,  though  in  Indiana  many  pairs  were  found  by  Blatchley  by 
the  first  of  August. 

20.  KOBUSTUS   SERIES. 

In  this  group  the  male  prozona  is  quadrate  or  a  little  longitudinal 
and  the  interspace  between  the  raesosternal  lobes  of  the  same  sex 
twice  or  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad.  The  eyes  are  rather  widely 
separated  and  the  frontal  costa  broad  and  equal.  The  prosternal  spine 
is  usually  long.  The  tegmina  are  fully  developed  or  only  a  little 
abbreviated  and  either  feebly  spotted,  longitudinally  streaked  or  wholly 
free  from  markings;  the  hind  tibiae  are  yellow  or  red,  with  from  ten  to 
twelve  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  shield-shaped  or  triangular  with  feebly  con- 
vex or  sinuous  sides,  and  with  the  surface  tolerably  flat;  the  furculais 
entirely  wanting  or  in  one  or  two  instances  barely  indicated;  the  cerci 
are  excessively  broad  and  stout,  apically  greatly  expanded  and  flabel- 
late,  with  the  apical  border  either  convex  or  more  or  less  emarginate; 
the  subgenital  plate  is  longer  than  broad,  generally  moderately  narrow, 
a  little  elevated  apically  and  sometimes  considerably  prolonged,  always 
entire. 

It  comprises  insects  of  the  largest  size  only  and  of  a  stout  and  bulky 
aspect.  Five  species  are  known,  occurring  in  the  southern  half  or 
more  of  the  United  States. 

120.  MELANOPLUS  DIFFERENTIALS. 
(Plate  XXIII,  figs.  3,  4.) 

Caloptenus  differentialis  UHLER!,  MS.  (1863).— WALSH,  RILEY,  Amer.  Ent.,  I  (1868), 
p.  16 ;  ibid.,  I  (1869),  p.  187.— THOMAS,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc.  Philad.,  1871  (1871), 
p.  149.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  vin,  fig.  12,  pi.  ix,  fig.  4, 
pi.  xi,  fig.  6.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surr.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  166,  pi., 
fig.  5;  Key  111.  Orth.  (1874-75),  p.  3.— RILEY!,  Ann.  Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VII  (1875), 
pp.  124,  173,  fig.  33;  ibid.,  VIII  (1876),  pp.  153,  154.— PUTNAM,  Proc.  Dav. 
Acad.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.  266.— THOMAS,  Bull.  111.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876),  p.  68.— 
WHITMAN,  Grasshopper  (1876),  p.  19,  fig. — BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877), 
p.  144.— BESSEY,  Bienn.  Rep.  Iowa  Agric.  Coll.,  VII  (1877),  p.  209.— THOMAS, 
Rep.  Ent.  111.,  VI  (1877),  pp.  44-45.— RILEY,  Loc.  Plague  (1877),  pp.  89,  194, 
198-201,  fig  34 ;  Amer.  Nat.,  XII  (1878),  p.  284 ;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878), 
pp.  220,  223,  225-226,  228,  298-299,  301,  327,  447,  459,figs.  32, 110,  pi.  iv,  fig.  1.— 
THOMAS,  ibid.,  I  (1878),  p.  42 ;  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  IV  ( 1878),  p.  500.— 
RILEY,  Bull.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1880),  p.  39;  Amer.  Ent.,  111(1880),  p. 
220.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  91,  96,  127-128,  fig.  24;  Rep.  U.  S. 
Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  pp.  106-107.— LINTNER,  Ins.  Clover  (1881),  p.  5.— 
OSBORN,  Amer.  Nat.,  XVII  (1883),  pp.  1286-1287.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 
Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  pp.  54,  60.— FORBES,  Rep.  Ins.  111.,  XIV  (1884),  p.  23.— 
RILEY,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist. ,  II  (1884),  pp.  194-195,  fig.  271.— OSBORN,  Bull.  Iowa 
Agric.  Coll.  Dep.  Ent.,  11(1884),  p.  83.— BRUNEU,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1884(1885), 
p.  399.— RILEY,  Amer.  Nat.,  XX  (1886),  pp.  558-559.— COOK,  Beul's  Grasses 
N.  A.,  I  (1887),  p.  373.— WEED,  Bull.  Ohio  Agric.  Exp.  St.,  Techn.  Ser..  I 
(1889),  pp.  40-41.— LUGGER,  Rep.  Agric.  Exp.  St.  Minn.  (1889),  p.  340,  fig.  16.— 


350  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MI'SKUAT. 


OSBORN,  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  pp.  50,  51,  55;  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXII  (1891), 
pp.  70-73.— Os BORN,  Goss,  Bull.  Iowa  Exp.  St.,  XIV  (1891),  p.  175;  ibid.,  XV 
(1891),  p.  267.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  p.  145;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  XXV  (1891),  pp.  30-31,  lig.  8.— OSBORN,  ibid.,  XXVII  (1892),  pp. 
59-60.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1892),  pp.  323,  393,  401. 

Acridium  differentiate  THOMAS,  Trans.  111.  St.  Agric.  Soc.,  V  (1865),  p.  450. 

Cyrtacantkacris  differ  en  iMls  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p. 
610.— THOMAS,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  So.  Philad.,  1871  (1871),  p.  149. 

Fezotettix  diffenntialis  STAL,  Bih.  k.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V  (1878),  No.  9,  p. 
14._\VEED,  Misc.  Ess.  Econ.  Ent.  111.  (1886),  p.  48.— HUNT,  ibid.  (1886),  pp. 
122-123,  126.— WEED,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  XV  (1889),  p.  40.— GARMAN,  Orth.  Ky. 
(1894),  pp.  4,  8. 

Melanoplns  differenHaUs  BRUNER,  Bull.  Waslib.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  139;  ibid.,  I 
(1886),  p.  200.— RILEY,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  233.— COQUILLETT, 
ibid.,  1885  (1886),  pp.  295,  297.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  D<>p.  Agric,, 
XIII  (1887),  p.  33;  Rep.  Ent.  Nebr.  Bd.  Agric.,  1888  (1888),  p.  88,  fig.  4.— 
COMSTOCK,  Intr.  Eut.  (1888),  pp.  108,  111,  fig.  100.— SMITH,  Bull.  N.  J.  Exp.  St., 
K  (1890),  p.  41.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXII  (1890),  p. 
104.— BLATCHLEY,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  99.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  XXIII 
(1891),  p.  193;  Ins.  Life,  III  (1891),  p.  229.— WEBSTER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1891),  p. 
300.— BRUNER,  ibid,  IV  (1891),  p.  22;  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXII  (1891),  p.  48; 
Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  14.— OSBORN,  ibid.,  XXIII 
(1891),  p.  59.— BRUNER,  Rep.  St.  Bd.  Agric.  Nebr.,  1891  (1891),  pp.  243,  307,  tig. 
84.— MCNEILL,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  74.— SMITH,  Bull.  N.  J.  Exp.  St.,  XC 
(1892),  pp.  4,  31,  pi.  i.— RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1892),  p.  393.— KELLOGG,  ibid.,  V 
(1892),  p.  116.— WEED,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIV  (1892),  p.  278.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa 
Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  ii  (1892),  p.  118.— KELLOGG,  Inj.  Ins. Kans.(  1892),  p.  42,  tigs.  22, 
23a.— BRUNER,  Bull.  Div.  Eut.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XX VII  (1892),  pp.  32-33; 
ibid.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  15-17,  tig.  5;  ibid.,  XXX  (1893),  p.  35.— OSBORN, 
ibid.,  XXX  (1893),  p.  47.— BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27; 
Rep.  Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893),  p.  461,  fig.  103.— OSBORN,  Ins.  Life,  V 
(1893),  pp.  323-324;  Papers  Iowa  Ins.  (1893),  p.  58.— BRUNER,  Ins.  Life,  VI 
(1893),  p.  34.— OSBORN,  ibid.,  VI  (1893),  pp.  80-81.— BRUNER,  Rep.  St.  Hort. 
Soc.  Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  pp.  163,  204,  fig.  67;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 
XXXII  (1894),  p.  12 ;  Nebr.  St.  Hort.  Rep.,  1895  (1895),  p.  69. 

\  The  largest  of  our  species  of  Melanopli  and  heavy  bodied;  excepting 
the  hind  legs  and  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  proiiotum,  the  general  color 
is  a  nearly  uniform  brownish  testaceous,  becoming  paler  testaceous  in 
specimens  from  arid  regions;  in  those  from  Nebraska,  Kansas,  and 
Colorado  it  is  sometimes  a  blackish  green,  while  in  those  from  Illinois 
and  Indiana  it  is  often  of  a  dark  brownish  green.  The  head  has  some- 
times a  pair  of  dusky,  divergent  stripes,  passing  from  the  posterior 
corners  of  the  fastigium  backward  across  the  vertex  and,  when  these 
are  present,  there  are  often  other  but  irregular  streaks  of  similar  tint 
on  the  genae  and  clouds  over  parts  of  the  face;  the  vertex  is  gently 
arched,  more  gently  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  with  a  broad  inter- 
val between  the  eyes,  the  fastigium  broadly  and  not  very  deeply 
impressed;  frontal  costa  broad  but  narrower  than  the  interspace 
between  the  eyes,  percurrent,  equal  except  for  a  slight  expansion  below, 
broadly  and  shallowly  sulcate  below  (and  including)  the  ocellus,  punc- 
tate; eyes  moderately  prominent,  short,  not  a  great  deal  longer  than 
broad;  antennae  fulvo-testaceous,  nearly  twice  as  long  (male)  or  fully 


NO.  1124.  HKi'ISIOX  OF  THE  MKLAXOPLf—  SCTDDEIi.  351 


half  as  long  again  (female)  as  the  pronotum.  Pronotum  subequal,  the 
in  eta/on  a  expanding  somewhat,  the  disk  of  the  prozona  sometimes  (but 
not  always)  very  feebly  tumid,  the  front  margin  feebly  convex,  thehiiid 
margin  obtusely  and  roundly  angulate,  more  obtusely  in  specimens 
from  the  Pacific  Coast  than  in  others,  the  median  carina  distinct  and 
sharp  on  the  metazona,  less  prominent  but  distinct  on  the  anterior  half 
of  the  prozona,  still  less  distinct  (occasionally  subobsolete)  between  the 
sulci;  prozona  subquadrate  in  both  sexes,  smooth,  divided  in  the  mid- 
dle, and  barely  before  the  middle  of  the  posterior  half,  by  sulci,  the 
principal  sulcus  bent  forward  in  the  middle  by  the  posterior  emargina- 
tion  of  the  prozona,  the  metazona  plane,  finely  subruguloso  punctate; 
lateral  lobes  nearly  vertical,  separated  from  the  disk  by  a  well  rounded 
angle  nowhere  forming  distinct  lateral  carinae,  marked  next  the  upper 
limit  on  the  prozona  by  broken  blackish  patches,  frequently  reduced 
to  a  pair  of  short,  oblique,  black  dashes,  one  in  either  longitudinal  half 
of  the  prozona,  each  in  a  clearer  field,  and  also  by  the  blackening  of  the 
sulci  in  this  region;  they  are  sometimes  accompanied  by  slender, 
oblique,  parallel,  black  lines  lower  down,  the  hinder  the  lower;  the 
pleural  incisures  are  also  heavily  marked  in  black.  Prosternal  spine 
rather  long,  conical  as  seen  from  the  side,  bluntly  cylindrical  as  seen 
from  in  front,  a  very  little  retrorse.  Tegmina  at  least  reaching  (female) 
or  distinctly  surpassing  (male)  the  hind  femora,  absolutely  free  from 
maculation,  the  narrowest  apical  portion  about  half  as  broad  as  the 
broadest  subbasal  portion;  wings  pellucid  or  (in  darkest  forms)  very 
feebly  infurnated,  feebly  and  narrowly  opaque  along  the  costal  margin, 
the  veins  and  cross  veins  mostly  brownish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle 
femora  of  male  heavily  bullate,  the  hind  femora  stout  and  rather  short, 
moderately  tumid,  generally  fulvo  testaceous,  sometimes  flavo-testa- 
ceous  beneath,  the  outer  face  with  alternate,  fulvo  testaceous  and 
black,  narrow,  equal  fish-bone  markings,  the  black  rarely  interrupted 
in  the  middle,1  the  upper  inner  face  with  small  basal  and  large  median 
and  postmedian  black  patches,  the  genicular  arc  black  on  both  inner 
and  outer  sides;  hind  tibiae  yellow  or  fulvous  (occasionally  in  California 
bright  coral  red),  with  a  postbasal  narrow  black  annulus  (in  dark 
specimens  more  or  less  infuscated  beyond  it),  the  spines  black  to  their 
very  base,  ten  to  eleven,  rarely  twelve,  in  number  in  the  outer  series. 
Extremity  of  male  abdomen  heavily  clavate,  the  supraanal  plate  sub- 
clypeate,  obtusely  angulate  at  apex,  the  margins  feebly  and  broadly 
elevated  and  the  median  portion  correspondingly  elevated  and  bearing 
on  its  summit  a  moderately  shallow,  longitudinal  sulcus,  tolerably 
broad  and  subequal  on  the  basal  half,  narrowing  and  with  falling  walls 
apically;  furcula  completely  absent  or  indicated  only  by  a  thickening 
of  the  last  dorsal  segment  at  their  proper  position;  cerci  very  large 


1  In  the  dark  forms  the  black  markings  sometimes  run  together  and  cover  the 
A\  hole  face,  partially  interrupted  near  the  middle  and  in  the  middle  of  the  basal 
half,  with  fulvous. 


352  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


and  coarse,  laminate,  boot- shaped,  the  basal  half  subequal,  punctate 
and  straight,  beyond  expanding  and  at  the  same  time  feebly  bifurcate, 
the  upper  fork  as  long  and  more  than  half  as  broad  as  the  base,  feebly 
incurved,  strongly  upcurved,  apically  tapering  slightly  and  well 
rounded,  the  lower  fork  at  right  angles  to  it,  forming  only  a  rounded, 
downward  and  posteriorly  projecting  lobe,  so  that  the  apical  margin 
of  the  whole  is  deeply  and  roundly  emarginate  below,  the  whole  sur- 
passing a  little  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  wholly  obscured ; 
subgenital  plate  short  and  broad,  scarcely  so  broad  apically  as  long, 
the  apical  margin  thickened,  but  hardly  otherwise  either  elevated  or 
prolonged,  entire;  upper  valve  of  ovipositor  abruptly  upturned  apic- 
ally and  sharply  acuminate,  the  upper  outer  carina  feebly  serrate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  39  mm.,  female,  41  mm.;  antennae,  male,  18 
mm.,  female,  16  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  32  mm.,  female,  34.5  mm. :  hind 
femora,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  23  mm.  Some  specimens,  especially  from 
the  North  (Illinois,  e.  g.),  are  hardly  more  than  half  this  size. 

Seventy-two  males,  90  females.  Cheyenne,  Laramie  County,  Wyo- 
ming, August  21,  Osten  Sacken;  Lincoln,  Lancaster  County,  Nebraska, 
August  8  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Brownville,  Nemaha  County, 
Nebraska,  August,  E.  N.  Furnas  (same);  Fort  McPherson,  Nebraska 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Denison,  Crawford  County,  Iowa, 
July  15,  J.  A.  Allen ;  Jefferson,  Greene  County,  Iowa,  July  20-24,  Allen ; 
Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August  20-23,  September,  Allen ;  Vigo  County, 
Indiana,  Blatchley  (A.  P.  Morse);  Lafayette,  Tippecanoe  County, 
Indiana,  November  26,  0.  E.  Barnes  (U.S.N.M. — Kiley  collection); 
Illinois,  Uhler,  J.  H.  Treat  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  northern 
Illinois,  Strumberg  (S.  Henshaw);  Moline,  Eock  Island  County,  Illinois, 
McNeill;  Peoria,  Illinois,  W.  Barnes  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
southern  Illinois,  Kennicott,  Thomas;  Missouri,  in  coitu  September  4 
(U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  Geo.  Eugelrnann;  the 
same,  August  18,  and  central  Missouri,  July  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collec- 
tion); Garden  City,  Finney  County,  Kansas,  July  26  (same);  Lakin, 
Kearny  County,  Kansas,  July  27  (same;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Fort  Ellis, 
Kansas,  Watson  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  between  Smoky  Hill, 
Kansas,  and  Den ver,  Colorado,  L.  Agassiz  (same) ;  Colorado  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection);  Pueblo,  Colorado,  4.700  feet,  August  30-31;  Sabinal, 
Socorro  County,  New  Mexico,  August  7,  Townsend;  Socorro,  New  Mex- 
ico, G.  May  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Agricultural  College,  Missis- 
sippi, Weed;  Texas,  Belfrage,  Lincecum ;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (U.S.N.M.— 
Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Columbus,  Colorado  County,  Texas 
(U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Gulf  coast  of  Texas,  Aaron;  Pecos  Eiver, 
Texas,  June  20,  Captain  Pope;  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett 
(U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  L.Bruner);  AguaCalieute,  Sonoma  County, 
California,  Palmer;  Mexico  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology;  U.S.N.M.— 
Eiley  collection);  Queretaro,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from   New  Jersey  in    cranberry  bogs 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—  SCU1WER.  353 

(Smith);  Posey  and  Gibson  counties,  Indiana  (Webster);  western  Ken- 
tucky (Garrnan);  Mercer  County,  Illinois  (Thomas);  Iroquois  County, 
Illinois  (Kiley);  Jackson  County,  Illinois  (Thomas);  western  Iowa 
(Bruner);  Buchanan  and  Nodaway  counties,  Missouri  (Osborn);  Shaw- 
nee,  Labette,  and  Barber  counties,  Kansas  (Bruner);  Hamilton  County, 
Kansas  (Bruner,  Kellogg);  Indian  Territory  (Bruner);  Brown  and 
"Washington  counties,  Texas  (Kiley);  Grand  Junction,  Mesa  County, 
Colorado  (Bruner) ;  Lincoln  County,  Nevada  (Eiley) ;  Arizona  (Bruner); 
and  San  Joaquin  Valley,  California  (Coquillett). 

It  appears  from  this  that  it  inhabits  the  Mississippi  Valley  from  as 
far  north  as  latitude  43°  to  the  Gulf,  and  the  region  to  the  west  as  far 
as  the  Pacific,  from  a  somewhat  lower  latitude  to  central  Mexico.  I 
do  not  think  it  occurs  above  6,000  feet.  One  can  not  but  question  the 
accuracy  of  the  statement  that  it  occurs  in  New  Jersey,1  as  it  has  never 
been  reported  elsewhere  east  of  the  Alleghanies,  and  if  found  there 
would  also  occur  farther  south;  so  large  an  insect  and  so  distinc  from 
others  found  there  would  hardly  have  escaped  notice  by  entomologists 
of  the  eastern  seaboard  in  Maryland  and  Virginia. 

The  oviposition  and  arrangement  of  eggs  in  the  egg-capsule  of  this 
insect,  as  well  as  its  parasites,  are  described  by  Eiley  in  the  first  Report 
of  the  United  States  Entomological  Commission,  and  with  its  life-his- 
tory are  later  summarized  by  him,  as  follows : — 

In  the  vicinity  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  the  tirst  specimens  of  this  locust  were 
observed  to  become  winged  July  19.  Eggs  were  laid  September  9.  As  a  deviation 
from  the  usual  egg-laying  habits  of  the  genus  .  .  .  the  eggs  are  sometimes  very 
numerously  placed  under  bark  of  logs  that  have  been  felled  on  low  lands.  The  eggs 
of  this  species,  unlike  those  of  spretus,  atlanis  and  fcmur-rnbrum,  are  not  quadri- 
linearly  but  irregularly  arranged.  .  .  .  The  head  ends  of  the  eggs  in  the  pod  point 
mostly  outward.  One  hundred  and  seventy-live  eggs  have  been  counted  in  a  single 

lllilSS. 

Mr.  Coquillett  has  made  some  interesting  observations  [in  California].  .  .  .  They 
acquired  wings  from  the  last  week  in  June  to  the  last  week  in  July  and  began  lay- 
ing eggs  July  23.  A  single  female  occupied  75  minutes  in  depositing  an  egg-mass. 
The  situation  chosen  for  egg  laying  was  invariably  the  edge  of  one  of  the  basin-like 
hollows  [for  irrigation?]  at  the  foot  of  a  tree.  This  locust  is  not  easily  startled, 
and  its  ordinary  flight  is  rather  heavy,  and  sustained  only  for  a  distance  of  12  to  20 
feet. 

According  to  Thomas  and  Kiley,  this  insect,  is  occasionally  seen  fly- 
ing at  considerable  heights  and  apparently  migrating,  though  these  are 
rare  occurrences.  It  certainly  is  occasionally  one  of  the  most  destruc- 
tive pests  in  the  West,  particularly  in  Kansas,  Missouri  and  Illinois, 
and  it  has  been  noted  as  injuring  grass,  alfalfa,  Indian  corn,  beets, 
orchard  trees,  mulberry,  poplar  and  catalpa  trees,  and  even  grape 
vines;  also  dahlias,  hollyhocks  and  other  garden  flowers  have  been 
specified  as  its  food,  not  to  mention  the  rag  weed,  Ambrosia  trifida. 


'Since  this  was  sent  to  the  printer  I  have  seen  specimens  from  Camden  County, 
New  Jersey,  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 

Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 23 


354  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

Professor  Lawrence  Bruuer  gives  the  following  excellent  summary  of 
its  destructi  ven  ess  and  habits : 

This  insect  has  very  frequently  multiplied  in  such  numbers  in  limited  areas  over 
its  range  as  to  do  considerable  injury  to  cultivated  crops  growing  upon  low,  moist 
ground;  and  has  even  been  known  very  frequently  to  spread  over  higher  and  dryer 
lands  adjoining  these,  its  customary  haunts.  It  is  one  of  the  few  species  of  locusts 
that  has  thus  far  shown  a  tendency  toward  civilization.  This  it  has  done  readily, 
since  its  habits  are  in  unison  with  the  cultivation  of  the  soil.  It  is  only  since  the 
settlement  of  the  country  where  it  originally  occurred  that  it  has  multiplied  so  as 
to  become  sufficiently  numerous  to  become  a  serious  pest.  .  .  . 

The  eggs  .  .  .  are  laid  in  cultivated  grounds  that  are  more  or  less  compact,  pref- 
erably old  roads,  deserted  fields,  the  edges  of  weed  patches,  and  well-grazed  pastures 
adjoining  weedy  ravines.  Egg  laying  begins  about  the  middle  of  August  and  con- 
tinues into  October,  varying  of  course,  according  to  latitude  and  climatic  conditions. 
Usually  but  not  always,  only  a  single  cluster  of  eggs  is  deposited  by  each  female. 
Frequently  there  are  two,  and  in  extreme  cases  perhaps  even  three,  of  these  clusters 
deposited  by  a  single  female. 

121.  MELANOPLUS   ROBUSTUS. 
(Plate  XXIII,  fig.  5.) 

Calopteims  rolmstus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  p.  473; 

Ent.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  72.— THOMAS,  Eep.  U.  S.  Eut.  Comin.,  I  (1873), 

p.  42.— SCUDDER!,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  17.— RILEY,  Am.  Ent.,  Ill  (1880), 

p.  220.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Cornrn.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 
Caloptenns  ponderosus  SCUDDER,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  p.  473; 

Eut.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  72. — THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Eut.  Comin.,  I  (1878), 

p.  42.— SCUDDER,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  17.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm., 

Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Pezotettix  robitstus  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Haudl.,  V,  Xo.  9  (1878),  p.  14. 
Melanopbis  robustus  SCUDDER,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  84.— BUUNEU,  Bull.  Div. 

Ent.U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVII  (1892),  p.  33;  ibid.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  17-19, 

figs.  6,  7;  Rep.  Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893),  p.  460. 
Melanoplns  ponderosus  SCUDDER,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  84.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent., 

XXIII  (1891),  p.  193;  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  p.  22;  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Out.,  XXII 

(1891),  p.  48. 

Varying  from  brownish  testaceous  to  brownish  fuscous,  with  more  or 
less  of  a  cinereous  tint;  front  of  head  and  sides  of  prouotnni  a  little 
paler,  tinged  with  yellow,  the  head  obscurely  and  more  or  less  heavily 
flecked  with  brown ;  antennae  yellow,  iufuscated  toward  the  tip.  Inter- 
space between  the  eyes  much  broader  than  (male)  or  twice  as  broad 
as  (female)  the  basal  antennal  joint,  the  fastigium  broad,  broadening  in 
front,  scarcely  depressed  except  sometimes  slightly  in  the  narrowest 
part,  the  lateral  margins  sharp;  frontal  costa  broad,  broadening  below, 
broadly  and  shallowly  sulcate  excepting  above.  Pronotum  broadening 
a  little  on  the  metazona,  the  median  carina  slight,  broken  by  all  the 
sulci,  distinct  only  in  front  of  and  behind  them;  lateral  carinae  rather 
distinct  but  slight  and  rounded.  Slight  black  markings  follow  the 
anterior  portion  of  the  lateral  carinae  and  the  transverse  sulci  of  the 
Literal  lobes;  occasionally  these  markings  are  more  pronounced,  and 
then  a  slender  blackish  stripe  passes  from  behind  the  eyes  to  the  meta- 
zona, sometimes  interrupted,  sometimes  accompanied  by  an  intuscation 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SCUDDER.  355 

beneath,  broadening  the  band;  disk  of  prozona  more  or  less  flecked 
with  dark  brown,  sometimes  collected  into  a  V-shaped  patch  opening 
forward,  the  apex  at  the  middle  of  the  metazona;  hind  margin  dotted 
with  blackish;  metazona  profusely,  prozoua  sparsely,  both  shallowly, 
punctate;  sides  of  metathorax  with  a  pale  oblique  stripe  narrowing 
upward  to  a  point.  Prosterual  spine  moderately  long,  stout,  subcylin- 
drical,  feebly  appressed,  erect,  blunt- tipped.  Tegmiua  reaching  (female) 
or  slightly  surpassing  (male)  the  tips  of  the  hind  femora,  darker  or 
lighter  brownish  fuscous,  flecked  rather  distantly  with  brownish  spots, 
relieved  by  similar  pale  spots  along  the  middle,  occasionally  more  or 
less  confluent.  Legs  of  the  color  of  the  under  surface,  the  fore  and 
middle  femora  a  little  deeper  or  duskier;  hind  femora  broadly  bifasciate 
with  blackish,  broken  by  the  pale  incisures,  the  genicular  arc  black  on 
both  sides;  hind  tibiae  yellow,  occasionally  tinged  with  red,  paler  next 
the  base  with  a  black  annulus,  the  spines  black  to  their  very  base,  ten 
to  twelve,  usually  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  subclavate,  upturned  slightly,  well  rounded;  supraaual 
plate  broad,  clypeate,  with  slightly  produced  rectangulate  apex,  slightly 
sinuate  sides,  the  lateral  margins  gently  elevated,  the  middle  longitudi- 
nal half  very  broadly  tectate  with  a  moderately  broad  and  deep  median 
sulcus  extending  over  a  little  more  than  the  basal  half;  furcula  wanting 
or  sometimes  indicated  by  the  merest  angle;  cerci  very  stout,  subspatu- 
late,  compressed,  largest  at  tip,  tire  basal  two-fifths  equal  and  straight, 
the  remainder  expanding  into  an  obliquely  transverse,  obovate,  rounded 
lobe,  its  outer  border  convex,  directed  upward  and  more  produced 
above  than  below,  making  the  tip  fully  half  as  broad  again  as  the  base; 
infracercal  plates  visible  only  by  their  feeble,  narrow,  blunt-tipped 
projection  beyond  the  supraanal  plate;  subgeuital  plate  not  very  broad, 
the  apex  both  produced  and  elevated  a  little. 

Length  of  body,  inale,  29.5  mm.,  female,  34.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
13.5  mm.,  female,  15  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21  mm.,  female, 24mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  17.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm. 

Twenty-two  males,  18  females.  Texas,  Belfrage;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll 
(U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Gulf  coast  of  Texas, 
Aaron. 

Although  the  single  male  type  of  Cal.  ponderosus  has  been  lost,  I 
have  no  doubt  from  the  study  of  the  larger  material  now  at  hand  that 
it  is  the  same  as  Cal.  robustus,  described  at  the  same  time  and  place. 

122.  MELANOPLUS  VIOLA. 
(Plate  XXIV,  fig.  1.) 

Pezotettix  riola  THOMAS!,  Bull.  111.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1876), p.  68.— RILE Y,  Rep. 

U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  pp.  220,  226.— SCUDDER  !,  CaD.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p. 

75.— THOMAS  !,  Rep.  Ent.  111.,  IX  (1880),  pp.  90,  95, 121.— MCXEILL.  Psych«>.  VI 

(1891),  p.  76.— BRUNER,  Pnbl.  Xebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27.— GARM  \x. 

Ortli.Ky.  (1894),  p.  8. 
Calopieimx  (tffillattta  UHLER!,  MS. 
l'e:otcitic  ajfiliatu*  SCUDDEK!,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75. 


356  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Dark  brownish  fuscous,  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  thepro- 
notum  aud  especially  of  the  prozona  generally  distinctly  darker  than 
the  lower,  often  forming  a  broad  dark  band.  Head  brownish  fuscous, 
lighter  below,  irregularly  flecked  and  mottled  with  fuscous,  gently  tumid 
above ;  interspace  between  the  eyes  broad,  but  narrower  than  the  frontal 
costa,  the  fasti gium  plane  but  with  the  margins  feebly  and  roundly 
elevated  at  its  narrowest,  broadening  in  front  and  passing  insensibly 
into  the  frontal  costa 5  the  latter  very  broad,  subequal,  not  at  all  con- 
stricted above,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  feebly  punc- 
tate; eyes  elongate  oval,  narrower  above  than  below,  but  little  prom- 
inent; antennae  about  as  long  (male)  or  hardly  three-fourths  as  long 
(female)  as  the  hind  femora,  rather  slender,  fulvo-testaceous.  Prono- 
tum  scarcely  enlarging  posteriorly,  the  disk  nearly  plane,  with  rounded 
lateral  carinae  separating  it  from  the  vertical  lateral  lobes,  the  prozona 
barely  longitudinal  (male)  or  barely  transverse  (female),  about  a  fourth 
(male)  or  less  than  that  (female)  longer  than  the  metazona,  the  median 
carina  subobsolete  between  the  sulci  and  more  distinct  on  the  metazona 
than  on  the  prozona,  the  front  border  barely  convex,  the  hind  border 
broadly  convex  or  more  frequently  obtusely  angulato-convex,  its  promi- 
nence slightly  variable,  the  principal  sulcus  not  quite  transverse  by  the 
slight  emargination  of  the  posterior  border  of  the  prozona,  ferrugineo- 
testaceous,  profusely  and  finely  flecked  with  fuscous,  rather  feebly  punc- 
tate even  on  the  metazoua,  the  lateral  lobes  with  a  sometimes  obsolete, 
generally  somewhat  obscure,  dark  fuscous  band,  in  extreme  cases  ex- 
tending from  the  eyes  across  the  whole  pronotum  and  occupying  nearly 
the  whole  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes ;  thoracic  epimera  black.  Pro- 
sternal  spine  stout,  rather  long,  cylindrical,  tapering  only  at  the  rounded 
apex,  somewhat  retrorse.  Tegmina  always  abbreviated,  distinctly 
shorter  than  the  abdomen  or  the  hind  femora,  generally  a  little  longer 
than  the  head  and  pronotum  together,  dark  fuscous,  the  anal  area  some- 
times much  lighter,  the  discoidal  area  flecked  somewhat  confusedly 
with  mingled  blackish  and  light  testaceous,  the  apex  bluntly  acuminate. 
Hind  femora  moderately  stout  and  rather  long,  testaceous,  varying 
from  cinereous  to  dull  flavous,  broadly  bifasciate  with  black,  the  genicu- 
lar  arc  black  on  both  sides;  beneath  they  are  normally  flavous  or  ful- 
vous; hind  tibiae  dull  red,  with  a  narrow,  subbasal,  black  annulus,  next 
which  they  are  more  or  less  obscured  with  fuscous,  sometimes  forming 
a  dusky  belt  half  way  to  the  tip,  the  spines  black  almost  to  the  very 
base,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Posterior  extremity 
of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate,  well  rounded,  the  supraanal  plate 
rounded  triangular  with  a  feebly  produced  tip,  nearly  flat,  the  median 
sulcus  percurrent,  slender,  moderately  deep,  bounded  by  low  rounded 
walls  which  extend  over  about  three-fourths  of  the  plate;  furcula  want- 
ing, the  last  dorsal  segment  narrow  and  narrowly  parted  in  the  middle; 
cerci  heavy,  broad,  punctate  except  apically,  externally  broadly  convex, 
the  basal  two-fifths  nearly  equal,  beyond  expanding  rapidly  and  con- 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  357 

siderably  to  an  obliquely  transverse,  broad,  oval  lobe  with  regularly 
rounded  contour,  above  expanding-  twice  as  much  as  below,  the  whole 
feebly  incurved  and  surpassing  the  supraanal  plate ;  infracercal  plates 
hardly  visible,  briefer  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  rather 
narrow,  subequal,  abruptly,  roundly,  and  considerably  elevated  apically, 
but  not  produced,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male  and  female,  25  mm.;  antennae,  male,  15  mm., 
female,  12  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male  and  female,  1(5  mm.  The  female  measured  has  exceptionally  short 
teginina. 

Nine  males,  12  females.  St.  Louis,  Missouri  (U.S.X.M. — Eiley  collec- 
tion); central  Missouri  (same);  Illinois,  Uhler;  southern  Illinois,  Ken- 
nicott,  Thomas. 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  central  Illinois  (Thomas);  Kunning 
Lake,  Illinois,  July  15.  September  (McNeill);  Anderson,  Fulton,  Hop- 
kins and  Christian  counties  and  Elk  Lick  Falls,  Kentucky  (Garman); 
southeast  Nebraska  (Bruner).  It  would  therefore  appear  to  have  a 
rather  narrow  range,  in  the  central  Mississippi  Valley,  between  latitude 
37°-40°,  and  longitude  86°-96°. 

123.  MELANOPLUS  CLYPEATUS. 
(Plate  XXIV,  fig.  2.) 

Caloptenns  clypeatns  SCUDDER  !,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  p.  40;  Ent. 

Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  18.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 
Melanoplm  clypeatus  SCUDDER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75. 

Brownish  testaceous.  Front  of  head  varying  from  dull  luteous  to 
dull  reddish  brown,  faintly  dotted  with  fuscous;  tips  of  mandibles  and 
lower  edge  of  labruin  marked  with  black;  interspace  between  the  eyes 
a  little  (male)  or  much  (female)  broader  than  the  basal  antenna!  joint, 
very  slightly  depressed  centrally,  at  least  in  the  male;  frontal  costa 
broad,  subequal,  slightly  depressed  at  the  ocellus;  antennae  luteous, 
inluscated  on  the  apical  half,  nearly  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  (female) 
as  long  as  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  scarcely  enlarging  posteriorly, 
with  but  slight  transverse  sulci  and  a  slight  median  carina,  equal  and 
percurrent  in  the  female,  interrupted  slightly  between  the  sulci  in  the 
male;  lateral  cariuae  indistinct,  rounded;  top  of  head  and  pronotum 
dotted  faintly  with  fuscous,  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  latter  paler,  marked 
next  the  lateral  carinae  with  a  black  streak,  which  narrows  and  dis- 
appears posteriorly,  broadens  anteriorly  and  extends  slightly  upon 
the  head.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  cylindrical  or  conico-c}rlin- 
drical,  blunt-tipped,  feebly  retrorse.  Tegmina  not  reaching  the  tip  of 
the  abdomen,  about  as  long  as  the  femora,  the  costal  field  dark  testa- 
ceous, the  discoidal  field  blackish,  and  the  anal  field,  which  is  sepa- 
rated angularly  from  the  rest,  light  testaceous  or  wood-brown.  Fore 
and  middle  legs  of  the  color  of  the  body;  hind  femora  long  and  moder- 
ately stout,  blackish  on  their  outer  face,  but  the  inferior  outer  carina 


358  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


yellow,  black  interrupted  with  luteo-testaceous  on  the  inner  facey 
beneath  vinous  red;  hind  tibiae  varying  from  vinous  to  bright  red r 
more  or  less  irifuscated  on  basal  half,  with  a  blackish  fuscous  subbasal 
aunulus,  the  spines  black  to  the  base,  eleven  to  twelve  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  considerably  thickened, 
forming  a  subglobose  mass;  supraanal  plate  shield-shaped,  triangularly 
produced  at  the  apex,  narrowly  and  deeply  sulcate  down  the  middle; 
no  furcula;  cerci  stout,  compressed,  constricted  in  the  middle  as  seen 
from  the  side,  beyond  incurved,  expanded  especially  above,  the  apical 
border  much  compressed,  convex  in  the  middle  half,  straight  above 
and  below,  or  feebly  einarginate  at  the  union  of  the  convex  and  straight 
portions;  iufracercal  plates  completely  concealed;  subgenital  plate 
moderately  broad,  slightly,  broadly,  and  uniformly  elevated  apically, 
hardly  prolonged. 

Length  of  body,  male,  28.5  mm.,  female,  36  mm.;  antennae,  male,  15 
mm.,  female,  14.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  21  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.    Georgia,  Morrison. 

124.  MELANOPLUS  FURCATUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XXIV,  fig.  3.) 

Brownish-ferruginous,  the  top  of  head  and  prozona  very  faintly  dotted 
with  fuscous.  Head  gently  tumid  above,  the  interspace  between  the 
eyes  broad,  but  distinctly  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigiuni 
most  feebly  depressed,  running  without  break  into  the  frontal  costa, 
which  is  broad,  equal,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus,  punc- 
tate on  either  side;  eyes  pretty  large,  rather  elongate,  not  very  promi- 
nent; antennae  fulvous,  becoming  a  little  infuscated  apically,  almost  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora  in  both  sexes,  being  relatively  almost  as  long* 
in  the  female  as  in  the  male.  Pronotum  enlarging  slightly  posteriorly, 
at  least  in  the  female,  the  disk  very  flatly  tectate,  the  median  carina 
very  slight  and  subequal  throughout,  the  lateral  carinae  merely  forming 
blunt  angles  separating  the  disk  from  the  lateral  lobes,  the  front  margin 
scarcely  convex,  the  hind  margin  broadly  and  roundly  angulate ;  disk  of 
prozona  feebly  longitudinal,  sparsely  feebly  and  shallowly  punctate  lat- 
erally, about  a  fourth  longer  than  the  finely  and  closely  punctate  meta- 
zona,  minutely  einarginate  in  the  middle  posteriorly;  lateral  lobes 
marked  precisely  as  in  M.  clypeatus.  Prosternal  spine  rattier  long, 
slightly  retrorse,  cylindrical,  but  a  little  enlarged  on  the  apical  half. 
Tegmina  not  much  shorter  than  the  abdomen,  but  not  nearly  reaching 
the  tip  of  the  hind  femora,  testaceo  cinereus  in  the  anal  field,  the  rest 
fuscous,  with  dark  fuscous  flecks  (male)  or  blotches  (female)  in  tbe  dis- 
coidal  area;  wings  impure  hyaline,  with  very  pale  brown  veins  and  cross 
veins,  becoming  more  and  more  fuscous  in  the  upper  half,  especially 
toward  the  apex.  Fore  and  middle  femora  only  a  little  tumid  in  the 
male,  uniform  in  color;  hind  femora  long  and  rather  stout  and  tumid, 


NO.  1124.  JlKriSIOX  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDEB.  359 


the  inner  face  twice  barred  with  black,  which  sometimes  shows  feebly 
above,  and  appears  again  on  the  outer  face,  but  diffused,  subconflueut, 
and  crossed  by  the  pallid  angnlate  incisures;  inferior  face  red;  genicu- 
lar  arc  black  on  both  sides;  hind  tibiae  red,  with  a  subbasal,  narrow, 
fuscous  annulus,  the  spines  black  to  their  base,  twelve  in  number  in  the 
outer  series.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  roundly  clavate  and 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  and  tolerably  flat,  but  with  a 
deep  basal  median  sulcus  reaching  more  than  half  way  to  the  tip  with 
pretty  high  and  sharp  bounding  ridges,  fading  apically;  furcula  wholly 
wanting;  cerci  stout,  heavy,  and  incurved,  narrowing  considerably 
toward  the  middle,  then  very  rapidly  expanding  and  furcate,  the  upper 
lobe  longer  than  the  lower  and  more  equal,  well  rounded  apically, 
directed  sharply  upward,  the  lower  triangular,  bluntly  pointed,  and 
turned  but  little  downward,  the  apical  margin  of  the  whole  deeply  and 
angularly  excised,  scarcely  surpassing  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal 
plates  just  longer  than  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  moder- 
ately narrow,  the  apex  a  little  and  angularly  elevated,  scarcely  pro- 
longed, entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  31.5  mm.,  female,  39  mm.;  antennae,  male,  16 
mm.,  female,  17.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  19.5  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  22.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida,  Pridday, 
(L.  Bruner). 

27.  BIYITTATUS  SERIES. 

This  group  is  nearly  related  to  the  robustus  series ;  the  male  prozona 
is  more  or  less  distinctly  longitudinal,  and  the  interspace  between  the 
mesosternal  lobes  of  the  same  sex  nearly  or  more  than  twice  as  long  as 
broad;  the  eyes  are  rather  widely  separated,  and  the  frontal  costa 
broad  and  equal.  The  prosternal  spine  is  rather  long  and  generally 
slightly  retrorse.  The  tegmina  are  fully  developed,  at  least  as  long  as 
the  hind  femora,  without  spots  or,  rarely,  very  feebly  marraorate,  but 
sometimes  with  a  light  stripe  dividing  the  dorsal  and  lateral  faces  and 
extending  across  the  pronotum.  The  hind  femora  are  longitudinally 
striped  on  the  outer  face  or  unmarked,  the  hind  tibiae  usually  red, 
rarely  purplish,  with  ten  to  thirteen  spines  in  the  outer  series. 

The  supraanal  plate  is  much  as  in  the  robustus  series;  the  furcula  is 
present  as  small  but  coarse  lobes,  and  the  cerci  are  much  as  in  the 
robustus  series,  but  less  extravagantly  developed;  the  subgenital  plate 
is  longer  than  broad,  generally  moderately  narrow,  somewhat  elevated 
and  sometimes  thickened  apically,  hardly  prolonged,  and  always  entire. 

It  comprises  insects  of  a  large  or  a  very  large  size,  with  heavy  bodies 
and  poor  in  flight.  Five  species  are  known,  and  among  them  they  cover 
our  entire  territory,  from  Atlantic  to  Pacific  and  from  Central  Mexico 
to  the  Saskatchewan  and  Hudson  Bay.  It  comprises  two  of  our  com- 
monest species. 


3()0  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


125.  MELANOPLUS  FEMORATUS. 
(Plate  XXIV,  fig.  4.) 

Caloptenus  femoratus  BURMEISTER,  Handb.  Ent.,  II  (1838),  p.  638. — BRUXXER.  Ver- 
handl.  Zool.-Bot.  Gesellsch.  Wien,  1861  (1861),  p.  224;  Ortli.  Stud.  (1861), 
p.  4.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  678.— PROVAXCHER, 
Faune  Ent.  Can.,  II  (1877),  p.  35. 

Acridium  miller ti  SERVILLE!,  Orth.  (1839),  p.  649. 

Acridium  flavomttatum  HARRIS,  Treat.  Ins.  Inj.  Veg.  (1841-42),  p.  140;  ibid.,  2d 
ed.  (1852),  p.  151;  ibid.,  3d  ed.  (1862),  p.  173.— FITCH,  Ainer.  Journ.  Agric. 
Sc.,  VI  (1847),  p.  146.—  EMMOXS,  Agric.  N.  Y.,  V  (1854),  p.  147.— RATH  vox, 
Rep.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  1862  (1862),  p.  384. 

Locusta  flarovlttata  PACKARD,  Rep.  Nat.  Hist.  Me.  (1861),  p.  375. 

Acridium  (Caloptenus)  femoratum  DE  HAAX,  Bijdr.  Kenn.  Orth.  (1842),  p.  144. 

Acridium  hudsonium  BARXSTOX!,  MS.  (Brit.  Mus.). 

Caloptenus  bivittatus  UHLER  (pars)  SAY,  Ent.  N.  A.,  ed.  LeC.,  II  (1859),  p.  238.— 
SCUDDER!  (pars),  Can.  Nat.,  VII  (1862),  p.  287;  (pars),  Bost.  Journ.  Nat. 
Hist.,  VII  (1862),  p.  465.— SMITH,  Proc.  Portl.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1868),  p. 
150.— WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  678;  Can.  Ent..  IV 
(1872),  p.  30.— SMITH,  Rep.  Conn.  Bd.  Agric.,  1872  (1872),  pp.  362,  381,  fig.  7.— 
GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  v,.  fig.  16.— THOMAS  (pars),  Rep. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  166.— PROVAXCHER,  Nat.  Can., VIII  (1876), 
p.  109.— HOWARD,  Ins.  Life,  VII  (1895),  p.  274. 

Pezottetix  edax  SAUSSURE!,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861  (1861),  p.  161;  Orth.  Nov.  Am.. 
II  (1861),  p.  11.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  152.— 
BRUXER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  N.  J. 
(1890),  p.  412. 

Acridium  (Caloptenus)  bivittatum  UHLER  (pars),  Harr.  Treat.  Ins.  Inj.  Veg.  (1862), 
p.  174. 

Podisma  edax  WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  718. 

Melanoplua  livittatus  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Hitchc.  Rep.  Geol.  N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p.  376.— 
SMITH,  Bull.  N.  J.  Exp.  St.,  K  (1890),  p.  41;  Cat.  Ins.  N.  J.  (1890),  p.  413.— 
BLATCHLEY  (pars),  Can.  Eut.,  XXIII  (1891), pp.  99-100. — BRUXER  (pars),  Can. 
Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  193;  (pars),  Ins.  Life,  IV  (1891),  pp.  21-22, 146;  (pars), 
Rep.  Eut.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXII  (1891),  p.  48;  (pars),  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  19-21,  fig.  8.— MORSE  (pars),  Psyche,  VII  (1894), 
p.  106.— BEUTENMULLER,  Bull.  Ainer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  p.  308,  pi. 
vin,  fig.  8. 

Meianoplua  femoratus  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist  ,  XIX  (1878),  pp.  285, 
288;  Ent.Notes,VI  (1878),  pp.  44,47;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  II  (1881),  App., 
p.  24.— BRUXER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p\  60;  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885).  p.  18.— 
CAULFIELD,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XVIII  (1886),  p.  71 ;  Can.  Eut.,  XVIII  (1886), 
p.  212.— COMSTOCK,  Intr.  Ent.  (1888),  pp.  108,  110,  fig.  99.— FERXALD,  Orth.N. 
E.  (1888),  pp.  31,  32,  fig.  13;  Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  pp.  115, 
116,  fig.  13.— DAVIS,  Ent.  Amer.,  V  (1889),  p.  81.— BRUXER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad. 
Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27. 

Caloptenus  (Melanoplua)  femoratus  CAULFIELD,  Can.  Rec.  Sc.,  II  (1887),  p.  401; 
Can.  Orth.  (1887),  p.  14. 

Melanoplus  livittatus  femoratus  MORSE,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  106. 

-j/  Very  variable  in  brightness  of  color,  but  generally  dark  brownish 
fuscous,  marked,  generally  heavily,  with  flavous  stripes,  flavo-fulvous 
beneath,  the  female  at  least  often  tinged  throughout  with  olivaceous. 
Head  navous,  more  or  less  blotched  or  suffused  with  fuscous,  blackish 


Ko.1124.  EEriSIOX  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEK.  361 

fuscous  above  except  in  widening  Havens  stripes  which  follow  the  outer 
margins  of  the  fastigium  and  cross  the  head  to  the  lateral  carinae  of 
the  pronotum;  vertex  gently  tumid,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes 
broad,  almost  or  quite  as  broad  as  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigium  plane 
or  rarely,  in  the  male,  very  feebly  briefly  and  broadly  sulcate,  passing 
insensibly  into  the  frontal  costa;  the  latter  broad,  subequal  but  feebly 
and  broadly  narrowed  above,  plane  or  feebly  sulcate  below,  percurrent; 
eyes  moderately  prominent  in  the  male,  moderate^  large,  not  very 
elongate  even  in  the  female,  scarcely  longer  than  the  intraocular  portion 
of  the  geuae;  antennae  fulvous,  becoming  fuscous  apically,  as  long 
(male)  or  hardly  more  than  two-thirds  as  long  (female)  as  the  hind 
femora.  Pronotuin  subequal,  but  barely  expanding  on  the  metazona 
(male)  or  distinctly  though  not  greatly  expanding  from  the  posterior 
sulcus  of  the  prozona  (female),  the  disk  nearly  plane  but  slightly  convex, 
separated  from  the  sub  vertical  lateral  lobes  by  a  tolerably  pronounced 
but  rounded  angle,  the  median  cariua  feeble,  between  the  sulci  feebler, 
rarely  subobsolete;  prozona  very  feebly  and  very  sparsely  punctate, 
slightly  (male)  or  feebly  (female)  longitudinal,  fully  a  half  (male)  or 
from  a  fourth  to  a  third  (female)  longer  than  the  closely  and  delicately 
punctate  metazona;  front  margin  truncate  or  barely  convex,  hind  margin 
broadly  rotundato-angulate;  disk  dark  brownish  fuscous,  more  or  less 
dark  olivaceous  in  life,  the  lateral  carinae  more  or  less  heavily  marked 
with  a  flavous  stripe  upon  the  disk,  next  to  which  the  lateral  lobes  are 
darkest,  gradually  fading  below,  but  often  forming  a  blackish  lateral 
stripe,  which  extends  from  the  hinder  edge  of  the  eyes  across  the  pro- 
zona and  dies  out  upon  the  metazona;  at  their  lowest  margin  the 
lateral  lobes  are  of  nearly  the  same  color  as  the  under  surface,  and 
occasionally  the  whole  of  the  lateral  lobes  are  uniformly  dull  flavous  or 
flavo-testaceous,  the  flavous  stripe  of  the  lateral  carinae  marked  only 
by  its  brightness  and  a  feeble  blackish  external  edging.  Prosterual 
spine  rather  long  and  a  little  retrorse,  conical  as  seen  laterally,  cylin- 
drical or  conico-cylindrical  from  in  front.  Tegmina  reaching  or  a  little 
surpassing  the  hind  femora,  rarely  a  little  less  in  the  female,  tapering 
very  regularly  and  gradually  from  the  subbasal  expansion,  strongly 
and  uniformly  rounded  at  tip,  with  a  flavous  stripe  along  the  anal  vein, 
elsewhere  fuscous,  deepest  in  color  in  the  discoidal  area,  free  from 
mottling;  wings  hyaline  with  the  feeblest  flavous  tinge,  the  veins  and 
cross  veins  pallid  green  but  becoming  more  and  more  fuscous  toward 
the  apex.  Fore  and  middle  femora  fulvo-olivaceous,  a  little  iufuscated 
above  and  apically;  hind  femora  rather  long  and  only  moderately  stout, 
very  variable  in  ground  color  but  usually  lighter  than  the  general  color 
of  the  body,  sometimes  much  lighter,  sometimes  without  stripes  or 
bands  except  an  infuscation  along  the  upper  carina  of  the  outer  face, 
at  others  iufuscated  over  most  of  the  upper  half  of  that  face,  rarely  with 
three  distinct,  broad,  black  patches  along  the  inner  half  of  the  upper 
face,  basal,  median,  and  postmedian,  the  geuicular  arc  always  black  or 


362  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

blackish  fuscous  011  both  sides;  hind  tibiae  paler  or  brighter  coral  red, 
sometimes  with  a  snbbasal,  narrow,  black,  imperfect  anuulus,  occasion- 
ally followed  but  not  immediately  by  a  slight  and  brief  infuscation, 
the  spines  black,  at  extreme  base  pale  or  reddish,  ten  to  thirteen  in 
number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate, 
well  rounded,  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  subclypeate,  nearly  flat, 
with  a  narrow  and  very  deep  median  suleus,  fading  just  before  the  tip, 
bounded  by  high  sharp  walls,  between  which  and  the  lateral  margins 
is  a  broad  and  shallow  trough;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  slight 
triangular  lobes  broader  than  long,  separated  by  their  own  breadth; 
cerci  very  stout,  large  and  broad,  laminate,  externally  convex,  the 
basal  half  narrowing  gently,  beyond  the  middle  at  once  expanding  into 
two  lobes :  an  upper,  nearly  as  long  as  the  basal  half  of  the  cerci,  directed 
upward  and  backward,  forming  an  ovate  pad;  and  a  lower,  brief,  tri- 
angular denticle,  broader  than  long,  the  apical  margin  more  or  less 
distinctly  emargiiiate  below  between  them;  infracercal  plates  shorter 
than  the  supraanal  plate,  but  expanding  a  little  laterally  beyond  its 
margins;  subgenital  plate  moderately  narrow  and  subequal,  at  apex  a 
little  elevated  and  prolonged,  with  a  subdued  tubercle. 

Length  of  body,  male,  26.5  mm.,  female, 41  mm.;  antennae,  male,  18 
mm.,  female,  14  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  23.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  17.25  mm.,  female,  21  mm. 

Ninety  males,  124  females.  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  H.  Piers;  Maine 
(U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Moosehead  Lake,  Maine;  Norway, 
Oxford  County,  Maine,  S.  I.  Smith  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
Brunswick,  Cumberland  County,  Maine,  Packard  (same);  Montreal, 
Canada;  New  Hampshire  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  White  Moun- 
tains, New  Hampshire,  Shurtleff,  Packard  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology;  S.  Henshaw);  Mount  Washington,  subalpine,  and  valleys  of 
White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire;  Mount  Washington,  alpine  (A.  P. 
Morse);  summit  Mount  Kearsarge,  New  Hampshire,  3,251  feet  (A.  P. 
Morse);  Bethlehem,  Grafton  County,  New  Hampshire,  L.  Agassiz 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Sudbury,  Rutland  County,  Vermont; 
Burlington  and  Hinesburg,  Chittenden  County,  Vermont,  J.  B.  Perry 
(Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Warwick,  Franklin  County,  Massa- 
chusetts, Miss  Edmauds  (same);  Salem,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts, 
Putnam,  Kingsley  (same) ;  vicinity  of  Boston,  Massachusetts;  Nantucket 
Island,  Massachusetts;  Williamstown,  Berkshire  County,  Massachu- 
setts; Connecticut;  New  York,  Akhurst;  Sullivan  County,  New  York, 
Shaler  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Chateaugay  Lake,  Adiron- 
dacks,  New  York,  F.  C.  Bowditch;  Long  Island,  New  York;  Potts 
ville,  Schuylkill  County,  Pennsylvania,  Shaler  (Museum  Comparative 
Zoology);  Maryland,  Uhler  (same);  Patterson  Creek,  West  Virginia, 
Shaler  (same);  Upper  Tract,  Pendleton  County,  West  Virginia,  Shaler 
(same);  Williamsport,  Virginia,  Shaler  (same);  Shenandoah  Valley, Vir- 
ginia, Packard  (same);  North  Carolina,  Morrison;  Indiana  (U.S.N.M.; 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISIOX  0  F  THE  M  E  L  A  XO  PLI—SC  UDDER.  363 


AV.  8.  Blatchley);  Michigan,  M.  Miles;  Bear  Lake,  Michigan  (T.S. 
X.M. — Riley  collection);  Lake  Winnipeg,  Manitoba;  Illinois,  Uhler, 
Stromberg  (8.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Moline,  Rock  Island  County, 
Illinois,  McNeill;  Denison,  Crawford  County,  Iowa,  J.  A.Allen;  Mis- 
souri, (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Fort  Robinson,  Dawes  Countyr 
Nebraska,  Bruner  (same);  Colorado,  5,500  feet,  Morrison ;  Cheyenne* 
Laramie  County,  Wyoming,  Osten  Sacken;  Evanston,  Uiuta  County, 
Wyoming,  6,800  feet,  August  G;  Steele,  Wyoming  (U.S.N.M.— Riley 
collection);  Calgary,  Alberta,  June  15  (S.  Henshaw);  British  Columbia 
(same);  Vancouver  Island,  British  Columbia,  H.  Edwards;  Vancouver 
Island,  Britisli  Columbia,  Crotch  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
Washington,  Morrison  (S.  Henshaw);  Mount  Shasta  district,  California, 
H.  Edwards;  Sissons,  Siskiyou  County,  California  (Museum  Compara- 
tive Zoology);  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Hudson  Bay  (Walker);  Quebec, 
Canada  (Provancher),  and  Carolina  (Burmeister,  Saussure).  Its  range 
in  the  eastern  part  of  the  country  is  therefore  from  Hudson  Bay  to 
North  Carolina,  on  the  Pacific  Coast  from  Vancouver  to  southern 
California,  while  in  the  interior,  south  of  Canada,  it  occurs  in  less 
abundance  as  far  south  as  latitude  40°  or  thereabouts. 

An  examination  of  three  females  in  Vermont  in  the  middle  of  August 
showed  thirty-nine  eggs  in  the  ovaries  on  one  side  and  thirty  on  the 
other  of  the  first;  forty-five  on  one  side  and  forty-two  on  the  otherof  the 
second;  and  thirty  eight  on  each  side  of  the  third,  the  total  number  of 
eggs  varying  from  sixty-nine  to  eighty-seven.  A  fourth  female  had  no 
eggs  in  the  ovaries,  but  the  abdomen  was  filled  with  a  filariau  worm 
at  least  two  feet  long;  the  eggs  are  pale  yellow. 

This  insect  is  very  fond  of  perching  by  the  roadside  on  the  broad 
leaves  of  Inula  helenium,  sunning  itself. 

126.  MELANOPLUS    BIVITTATUS. 
(Plate  XXIV,  fig.  5.) 

Gryllus  binttatus  SAY,  Jonrn.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc.  Philad.,  IV  (1825),  p.  308;  Ent. 
N.  A.,  ed.  LeC.,  II  (1859),  p.  237. 

Acridium  (Opsomala)  bivittatum  DE  HAAX,  Bijdr.  Kenn.  Orth.  (1842),  p.  144. 

Caloptenus  birittatua  UHLER  (pars)  Say,  Ent.  N.  A.,  ed.  LeC.,  II  (1859),  p.  238.— 
SCUDDER  !  (pars),  Can.  Nat.,  VII  (1862),  p.  287;  (pars),  Bost.  Journ.  Nat.  Hist., 
VII  (1862),  p.  465.— WALSH,  RILEY,  Amer.  Ent,,  I  (1868),  p.  16.— PACKARD, 
Guide  Ins.  (1869),  p.  570.— THOMAS,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc.  Philad.,  1870  (1870), 
p.  78;  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1871),  p.  265.— DODGE,  Can. 
Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  15.— SCUDDER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Nebr.  (1872),  pp. 
250,  259.— GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  i,  fig.  16.— THOMAS  (pars), 
Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  166;  Key  111.  Orth.  (1874-75), 
p.  3.— SCUDDER!,  Daws.  Rep.  Geol.  Rec.  49th  Par.  (1875),  p.  343.— RILEY,  Ann. 
Rep.  Ins.  Mo.,  VII  (1875),  pp.  124,  173,  fig.  34.— THOMAS,  Proc.  Dav.  Acad. 
Nat.  Sc.,  I  (1876),  p.  261.— SCUDDER!,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  II  (1876), 
p.  261.— WHITMAN,  Grasshopper  (1876),  p.  19,  fig.— UHLER,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol. 


3G4  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

Surv.  Terr.,  Ill  (1877),  p.  796. — BESSEY,  Bienn.  Rep.  Iowa  Agric.  Coll.,  VII 
(1877),  p.  209.— THOMAS,  Rep.  Geol.  Expl.  Surv.  W.  100th  Mer.,  V  (1875  [1877] ), 
p.  894.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— RILE Y,  Loc.  Plague  (1877), 
pp.  89,194-195,  fig.  38.— THOMAS,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  IV  (1878),  p. 
484;  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1878  (1878),  1845;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coinm.,  I 
(1878),  p.  42.— RILEY,  ibid.,  I  (1878).  pp.  220,  221,  226,  327,  459,  fig.  111.— 
PACKARD,  ibid.,  I  (1878)  pp.  [140, 142].— GIRARD,  Traite  ele*m.  d'ent.,  II  (1879), 
p.  248.— RILEY,  Amer.  Eut.,  Ill  (1880),  p.  220k— THOMAS,  Rep.  Eut.  111.,  IX 
(1880),  pp.  91,  96, 126-127.— LINTXER,  Ins.  Clover  (1881),  p.  5.— BRUNER,  Bull. 
Div.  Eut.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  II  (1883),  p.  9;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comin.,  Ill 
(1883),  pp.  9,  10,  14.— RILEY,  Stand.  Nat.  Hist,,  II  (1884),  pp.  194-195,  fig. 
272.— COOK,  Beal's  Grasses  N.  A.,  I  (1887),  pp.  373,  396.—  RILEY,  Ins.  Life,  I 
(1888),  p.  87.— WEED,  Bull.  Ohio  Agric.  Exp.  St.,  Techn.  Ser.,  I  (1889),  p.  40.— 
LUGGER,  Rep.  Agric,  Exp.  St.  Minn.  (1889),  p.  340,  fig.  17.— OSBORX,  Ins.  Life, 
IV  (1891),  pp.  50,  55.— RILEY,  ibid.,  IV  (1891),  p.  145.— OSBORX,  Rep.  Ent.  Soc. 
Ont.,  XXII  (1891),  pp.  70,  73.— RILEY,  Bull.  Div.  Eut.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 
XXV  (1891),  pp.  31,  32,  fig.  9.— OSBORX,  ibid.,  XXVII  (1892),  pp.  59-64.— 
MILLIKEN,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  pp.  19,21. 

IPezoteltix  sumichrasti  SAUSSURE,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861  (1861),  pp.  160-16] ;  Orth. 
Nova  Ainer.,  II  (1861),  p.  11. 

Acridium  (Caloptenm)  birittatum  UIILER  (pars),  Harr.  Treat.  Ins.  Inj.  Veg.  (1862), 
p.  174. 

Acridium  bivittatum  THOMAS,  Trans.  111.  St.  Agric.  Soc.,  V  (1865),  p.  449. 

Melanoplns  Mnttatus  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Hitchc.  Rep.  Geol.  N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p. 
376;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  II  (1881),  app.,  p.  24.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill 
(1883),  p.  60;  Bull.  Washb.  Coll.,  I  (1885),  p.  139.— RILEY,  Rep.  U.  S. 
Ent.,  1885  (1886),  p.  233.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  1885  (1886),  p.  307.— RILEY,  Ins. 
Life,  II  (1889),  p.  27.— FLETCHER,  Rep.  Exp.  Farms  Can.,  1888  (1889),  p.  63.— 
TOWNSEND,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  II  (1891),  p.  43.— BLATCHLEY!  (pars),  Can. 
Ent.,  XXIII  (1891),  pp.  99-100.— BRUXER  (pars),  ibid.,  XXIII  (1891),  p.  193; 
Ins.  Life,  III  (1891),  p.  229;  (pars),  ibid.,  IV  (1891),  pp.  21-22,  146;  (pars), 
Rep.  Ent.  Soc.  Ont.,  XXII  (1891),  p.  48;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 
XXIII  (1891),  p.  14;  ibid.,  XXVII  (1891),  pp.  12-29,  33.— McXEiLL,  Psyche, 
VI  (1891),  p.  74.— BRUXER,  Rep.  St.  Bd.  Agric.  Nebr.,  1891  (1891),  pp.  243,  307- 
308,  figs.  85-86.— KELLOGG,  Ins.  Life,  V  (1892),  p.  116.— OSBORX,  Proc.  Iowa 
Acad.  Sc.,  I,  Pt.  ii  (1892),  p.  118.— KELLOGG,  Inj.  Ins.  Kans.  (1892),  pp.  42-43, 
figs.  22,  23  b.—  NUTTING,  Bull.  Lab.  Nat,  Hist.  Univ.  Iowa,  II  (1893),  p.  291.— 
BRUNER  (pars),  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893),  pp.  19-21, 
fig.  8;  ibid.,  XXX  (1893),  p.  35;  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  UI  (1893),  p.  27;  Rep. 
Nebr.  St.  Bd.  Agric.,  1893  (1893),  pp.  461-462,  figs.  104-105 ;  Ins.  Life,  VI  ( 1893), 
p.  34.— COOK,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.,  XX  (1894).  p.  337.— BRUNER,  Rep.  St. 
Hort.  Soc,  Nebr.,  1894  (1894),  pp.  163,  205,  fig.  71.—  MORSE  (pars),  Psyche,  VII 
(1894),  p.  106.— BLATCHLEY,  Can.  Ent.,  XXVI  (1894),  pp.  244-245.— BRUXER, 
Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., XXXII (1894),  p.  12;  Nebr.  St.  Hort.  Rep., 
1895  (1895),  p.  69. 

Pezotettix  biriUatus  Stal,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  14.— 

GARMAN,  Orth.  Ky.  (1894),  p.  8. 

[Some  of  the  above  references  belong  with  little  doubt  to  M.femoratus,  with  which 
this  species  has  often  been  confounded,  but  whenever  it  was  not  clear,  that  they 
belonged  to  M.femoratus  I  have  retained  them  here.] 

Varying  in  general  ground  color  from  fusco- testaceous  to  very  dark 
brownish  fuscous,  striped  with  fulvo-  or  pallid  testaceous.  Head  flavo- 
testaeeous,  more  or  less  iiifuscated,  the  summit  with  a  broad,  median, 
widening,  blackish  fuscous  stripe,  which  extends  backward  from  the 


so.  n  2  4.  BE  VIS  I  OX  OF  THE  MELA  XOPLI—SC  UDDER.  3  G  5 

front  of  the  fastigium  but  avoids  the  eyes;  vertex  gently  tumid,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  broad,  equaling  the  frontal  costa,  the 
fastigium  broadly,  equally,  and  very  shallowly  suleate;  frontal  costa 
broad,  subequnl,  with  rounded  margins,  feebly  sulcate  at  and  below 
the  ocellus,  feebly  punctate  laterally;  eyes  as  in  M.feworatits;  antennae 
ferruginous,  more  or  less  considerably  and  broadly  iufuscated  apically, 
about  as  long  (male)  or  about  two-thirds  as  long  (female)  as  the  hind 
femora.  Pronotum  enlarging  a  little  from  in  front  backward,  more 
feebly  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  the  disk  as  in  M.femoratus,  the 
median  carina  slight  but  distinct  throughout,  generally  slighter  (but 
only  a  little)  between  the  sulci,  the  lateral  cariuae  obscure,  consisting 
of  a  rounded  angle,  the  front  margin  very  feebly  convex,  the  hind  margin 
broadly  rounded  or  obtusely  rotundato-angulate;  prozoua  distinctly 
longitudinal  (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  generally  a  third  (male)  or  a 
fourth  (female)  longer  than  the  metazoua,  with  very  faint  and  exceed- 
ingly sparse  punctation,  the  metazona  finely  and  closely  punctate;  disk 
very  dark  brownish  fuscous,  rather  broadly  bordered  laterally,  including 
the  lateral  carinae,  with  an  equal,  generally  percurrent,  fulvo-testaceous 
or  pallid  testaceous  stripe,  usually  half  as  broad  as  the  frontal  costa,  and 
which  is  bordered  more  or  less  narrowly  and  irregularly  on  the  lateral 
lobes  of  the  prozona  with  blackish  fuscous,  fading  below  into  fuscous, 
except  in  the  sulci.  Prosternal  spine  as  in  M.femoratus.  Tegmina 
attaining  or  a  little  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  generally  longer  in  the 
male  than  in  the  female  (in  a  single  instance  seen,  a  female,  no  longer 
than  the  femora  themselves)  brownish  or  blackish  fuscous,  the  anal 
vein  marked  by  a  slender  flavous  stripe,  the  discoidal  area  not  darker 
than  the  rest,  generally  almost  clear  bat  frequently  with  faint  and  del- 
icate mottling;  wings  hyaline,  the  cross- veins,  except  in  the  inner  half 
of  the  expanded  anal  area,  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  ferrugi- 
nous, more  or  less  heavily  infuscated  above;  hind  femora  rather  long 
and  moderately  stout,  ferrugineo-testaceous,  the  outer  and  generally 
the  inner  faces  black  above,  flavo-testaceous  below,  the  inner  half  of  the 
upper  face  thrice  very  broadly  banded  with  black,  the  genicular  arc  and 
a  basal  transverse  stripe  across  the  lower  genicular  lobe  black  on  both 
sides;  hind  tibiae  passing  more  or  less  gradually,  at  varying  points  but 
generally  near  the  middle,  from  purplish  at  the  base  to  greenish  yellow 
(very  rarely  red  or  reddish)  at  the  tip,  the  patella  of  the  lighter  color, 
followed  in  lighter  examples  by  a  narrow  black  annulus,  the  spines  black 
almost  or  quite  to  their  base,  ten  to  thirteen  in  number  in  the  outer 
series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  clavate,  rounded,  well  upturned, 
the  supraanal  plate  clypeate,  with  strongly  sinuous  sides,  rectangulate 
tip,  a  slender  percurrent  very  deep  median  sulcus,  bounded  in  the  basal 
half  or  more  by  sharp  walls,  between  which  and  the  lateral  margins  the 
whole  plate  is  longitudinally  hollowed;  cerci  very  broad,  laminate,  ex- 
ternally con  vex,  gently  incurved,  surpassing  the  supraanal  plate,  shaped 
almost  precisely  as  in  M.femoratus  but  more  elongate,  and  with  the 


3 1]  6  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

upper  lobe  of  the  expanded  extremity  bent  at  a  lesser  angle  with  the 
basal  portion;  infracercal  plate  shorter  than  the  supraanal,  scarcely 
surpassing  its  lateral  margins;  subgeuital  plate  moderately  narrow,  at 
apex  considerably  and  abruptly  elevated  and  thickened,  hardly  pro- 
longed posteriorly. 

Length  of  body,  male,  27  mm., female,  37  mm.;  antennae,  male.  14.75 
inm.,  female,  13  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  20.5  mm.,  female,  26.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  15  mm.,  female,  20  mm.  Specimens  in  Texas  grow  to  a 
much  larger  size,  and  it  is  very  variable  in  this  respect. 

One  hundred  and  twenty-nine  males,  141  females.  Franklin  County, 
Ohio,  Lesquereux  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Yigo  and  Fulton 
counties,  Indiana,  AY.  S.  Blatchley;  Chicago,  Illinois;  Eock  Island  Illi- 
nois, Walsh;  Moliue,  Eock  Island  County,  Illinois,  McNeill;  southern 
Illinois,  Keunicott;  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  Engelniann;  Iowa  (U.S.N.M. — 
Eiley  collection) ;  Dallas  County,  Iowa,  August  8-10,  September  1-3,  J. 
A.  Allen;  Jefferson.  Greene  County,  Iowa,  July  20-24,  Allen;  Crawford 
County,  Iowa,  July  15-24,  Allen;  Minnesota,  Uhler;  Lake  Winnipeg, 
Manitoba,  Scudder  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology) ;  Winnipeg,  Mani- 
toba, Kennicott,  Gunn  (Uhler);  Custer,  South  Dakota,  Bruuer  (U.S. 
N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Dakota,  Eothhanimer;  Nebraska,  Dodge; 
Nebraska,  A.  Agassiz  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Fort  Eobin- 
son,  Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  Bruner  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection); 
North  Fork  of  Platte  Eiver,  Hayden;  West  Point,  Cuming  County, 
Nebraska  (L.  Bruuer);  Nebraska  City,  Otoe  County,  Nebraska,  Hay- 
den;  Ellis,  Kansas  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Fort  Hayes,  Kan- 
sas, Allen  (same) ;  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet;  between 
Smoky  Hill,  Kansas,  and  Denver,  Colorado,  L.  Agassiz  (Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology);  Texas,  October  1,  November  10,  Belfrage  (U.S.N. 
M. — Eiley  collection ;  S.  H.  Scudder);  northern  Texas,  Uhler;  Dallas, 
Texas,  Boll  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Pecos 
Eiver,  Texas,  Captain  Pope;  Taos,  New  Mexico  (U.S.N.M.— Kiley 
collection);  Colorado  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Colorado, 5,500 
feet,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Garland, 
Costilla  County,  Colorado,  8,000  feet,  August  28-29;  Yeta  Pass,  Cos- 
tilla  County,  Colorado  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection);  Pueblo,  Colo, 
rado,  4,700  feet,  August  30-31 ;  Grenada  and  Las  Auimas,  Bent  County, 
Colorado;  Colorado  Springs,  El  Paso  County,  Colorado,  E.  S.  Tucker 
(University  of  Kansas);  Clear  Creek  Canyon.  Jefferson  County,  Colo 
rado,  Packard  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Pacific  E.  E.  expl.? 
latitude  38°,  Lieutenant  Beckwith;  Grand  Junction,  Mesa  County, 
Colorado  (L.  Bruner);  White  Eiver,  Eio  Blanco  County,  Colorado, 
(U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Fort  Collins,  Larimer 
County,  Colorado,  Buffuin  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection);  Utah,  Gar- 
ni an  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  American  Fork  Canyon,  Utah, 
0,500  feet,  August  23;  Salt  Lake  Yalley,  Utah,  4,300  feet,  August  1-4; 
Spring  Lake  Yilla,  Utah  County,  Utah,  August  1-4,  Palmer;  Wyoming, 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCrDDER.  3' 1 7 

Morrison  (IJ.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  North  Pacific  Railroad  sur- 
vey, George  Suckley;  upper  Missouri  River,  Hayden;  head  waters  of 
Missouri  and  Yellowstone,  Hayden;  Medicine  Hat,  Assiniboia,  Canada, 
(U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta,  Canada  (same); 
various  localities  on  the  Yakima  River,  Washington  (Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology);  Loon  Lake,  Colville  Valley,  Washington,  July  25 
(same);  Spokane,  Washington,  July  21-22  (same);  Puget  Sound,  C.  P>. 
Kennedy. 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Tennessee  and  Mississippi  (Thomas), 
Nevada  (Riley),  Idaho  (Thomas,  Millikeu),  Souris  River,  Alberta,  Can- 
ada (Scudder),  Grand  Rapids, NW.  T.  (Nutting),  and  Victoria  (Fletcher) ; 
also,  possibly,  from  Mexico  (Saussure).  It  therefore  probably  ranges 
from  southern  Canada  to  the  Gulf,  but  is  unknown  along  the  Atlantic 
Seaboard,  and  wholly  unreported  from  the  Pacific  Slope  south  of  Wash- 
ington, (unless,  as  above,  in  Mexico)  and  it  hardly  ranges  as  far  north 
as  M.femoratm. 

Brunei*  in  one  of  his  accounts  of  this  species  says  it  is  "a  lover  of 
rank  and  succulent  vegetation,  such  as  is  found  upon  bottom  lands, 
along  the  edges  of  cultivated  fields,  at  the  margins  of  woodlands  and 
on  the  shaded  mountain  slopes."  When  "it  develops  in  large  num- 
bers, then  these  haunts  are  forsaken,  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  and  it 
spreads  over  cultivated  fields,  eating  the  choicest  of  everything."  In 
Iowa,  Mr.  J,  A.  Allen  found  it  common  on  dry  prairies,  as  well  as  in 
moist  sloughs  on  tall  grass. 

It  seldom  develops  any  marked  migratory  propensity  and  its  egg- 
laying  habits  "  differ  considerably  from  those  of  the  smaller  migratory 
species,  insomuch  as  but  one  or  two  clusters  or  pods  are  deposited  by 
a  single  female.  Nevertheless,  just  as  many  eggs  are  laid  by  each 
female  insect.  These  eggs  are  deposited  in  prairie  sod  or  any  compact 
soil  in  the  vicinity  of  the  regular  haunts  or  feeding  places.  Old  roads 
and  closely  cropped  pastures,  when  located  handily,  are  favorite  resorts 
for  the  heavily  laden  females  when  attending  to  this  mission  of  theirs." 
(Bruner.) 

Its  destructiveness  appears  to  be  mainly  confined  to  grass,  grain, 
and  garden  vegetables.  It  appears  in  the  winged  state  the  last  of 
June  or  early  in  July,  but  eggs  are  not  laid  until  late  in  August; 
sixty-two  to  seventy-two  eggs  have  been  counted  in  the  egg  pods  by 
Donald  Gunn  in  Manitoba. 

Blatchley  has  taken  the  male  of  this  species  in  coitu  with  3f.  femo- 
ratus,  and  considers  them  the  same  species,  as  do  many  others.  The 
range  of  the  two  species,  which  are  certainly  very  closely  allied,  differs 
to  a  considerable  extent,  though  both  are  found  over  a  large  extent  of 
territory  side  by  side;  one  is  a  seaboard  and  northern  form,  the  other 
an  interior  species.  Besides  the  differences  in  the  hind  tibiae,  which 
rarely  cause  hesitation  in  attempting  to  separate  them,  there  are  slight 
'differences  which  I  have  attempted  to  state,  in  the  abdominal  append 


368  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  XATIOXAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


ages  and  in  the  tegmiua,  besides   some   distinction  in   the  general 
coloration. 

The  specimens  from  Grand  Junction,  Colorado,  mentioned  above  as  in 
B rimer's  collection,  are  short  winged  and  indicate  occasional  dimorphism 
in  this  species. 

127.  MELANOPLUS   THOMASI,  new  species. 

(Plate  XXV,  fig.  !.)• 
Melanoplus  thomasi  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Dark  plumbeo-olivaceous,  the  abdomen  dark  ferruginous.  Head 
marked  with  flavo- testaceous  below  and  on  the  inner  side  of  the  eyes 
above,  above  the  antennal  scrobes,  along  the  lateral  edges  of  the  fron- 
tal costa,  and  in  a  broad  stripe  behind  the  upper  part  of  the  eyes,  which 
passes  backward;  vertex  gently  tumid;  interspace  between  the  eyes 
scarcely  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastiginm  broadly  and 
rather  shallowly  sulcate  in  front,  the  frontal  costa  broad,  equal,  deli- 
cately punctate,  shallowly  sulcate  at  and  below  the  ocellus;  eyes  mod- 
erately large,  not  very  prominent,  about  as  long  as  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  reddish  becoming  infuscated  apically, 
a  little  shorter  (male)  than  the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal, 
enlarging  a  very  little  posteriorly,  the  front  margin  nearly  truncate, 
the  hind  margin  very  broadly  angulate,  the  disk  nearly  plane,  separated 
by  subdistinct  but  rounded  lateral  carinae  from  the  subvertical,  slightly 
tumid,  lateral  lobes,  the  median  carina  distinct  on  the  metazona,  very 
feeble  on  the  prozona,  the  smooth  prozona  considerably  and  roundly 
emarginate  in  the  middle  half  behind,  distinctly  longitudinal,  nearly  a 
half  longer  than  the  closely  but  shallowly  punctate  metazona,  with  a 
moderately  broad,  equal,  navo-testaceous  stripe  on  either  side  of  the 
disk  of  the  whole  pronotum,  limited  by  the  lateral  carinae,  the  Literal 
lobes  nearly  uniform  dark  plumbeo-olivaceous,  but  deeper  in  color  above 
than  below.  Prosternal  spine  stout,  rather  long,  cylindrical,  blunt, 
enlarging  slightly  on  apical  half  as  seen  from  the  front.  Tegmina  not 
reaching  the  tip  of  the  femora,  testaceous  with  dark  veins,  a  navo- 
testaceous  stripe  following  the  anal  vein;  wings  pellucid,  the  veins  tes- 
taceous or  fusco  testaceous,  colorless  in  the  lower  half  of  the  anal  area. 
Femora  dark  plumbeo-olivaceous,  the  hind  pair  tinged  above  with  fer- 
ruginous, the  lower  half  of  the  outer  side  flavous,  the  inner  and  lower 
face  coralline,  with  a  faint  pregenicular  flavous  annulus  more  or  less 
complete,  preceded  on  the  inner  side  above  by  a  fuscous  patch,  the 
genicular  arc  plumbeo  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  wholly  coral  red,  the  spines 
black  at  the  base,  eleven  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of 
male  abdomen  somewhat  clavate,  rounded,  a  little  upturned,  the  supra- 
anal  plate  broad  and  triangular  with  sinuate  lateral  margins,  recitan- 
gulate  apex,  nearly  plane,  but  with  a  rather  broad  and  shallow  median 
longitudinal  sulcus  in  the  basal  half,  bordered  by  rather  low  walls,  and 
a  pair  of  apical,  distant  and  subparallel,  short,  gently  arcuate,  slight 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCVDDER.  3fi9 

ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subsemicircular  distant  lobes, 
projecting  from  the  middle  of  the  thickened  plates  occupying  the  inner 
portion  of  the  last  dorsal  segment,  the  projecting  portion  lying  outside 
the  bases  of  the  ridges  bordering  the  basal  sulcus  of  the  supraanal 
plate;  cerci  large,  broad,  and  rather  stout,  apically  a  little  incurved, 
broadly  constricted  mesially  as  seen  from  the  side,  the  apical  portion 
triangularly  expanded  above,  truncate  after  a  slight  expansion  below, 
the  apical  margin  broadly  convex,  subtruncate;  in fracercal  plates  about 
as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate,  in  the  apical  half  a  little  expanded  beyond 
the  lateral  margins  of  the  same;  subgenital  plate  moderately  narrow, 
considerably  prolonged  and  elevated  apically,  as  well  as  thickened. 

Length  of  body,  male,  33  mm. ;  antennae,  circ.  16  mm. ;  tegmina,  25 
mm.;  hind  femora,  18.5  mm. 

One  male.    Lerdo,  Durango,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner). 

This  species  is  rather  nearer  to  M.  femoratus  than  to  M.  bivittatns, 
though  geographically  separated  more  widely  from  the  former. 

128.  MELANOPLUS   YARROWII. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  2.) 

Caloplenus  yarroicii  THOMAS,  Rep.  Geol.  Geogr.  Expl.  100th  Mer.,  V  (1875),  p. 
894,  pi.  XLV,  fig.  5;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  43.— BRUNER,  ibid., 
111(1883),  p.  60. 

Light  brownish  yellow,  somewhat  cinereous,  nearly  uniform.  Head 
nearly  uniform,  hardly  darker  above,  the  vertex  gently  tumid,  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes  not  very  broad,  distinctly  narrower  than 
the  frontal  costa,  the  fasti giuin  feebly  sulcate  throughout;  frontal  costa 
moderately  broad,  slightly  broader  below  than  above,  failing  to  reach 
the  clypeus,  very  feebly  and  broadly  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  punctate 
on  either  side;  eyes  moderate,  only  feebly  prominent,  hardly  longer 
than  the  in fraocular  portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  red.  Pronotum 
feebly  enlarging  apically,  the  front  margin  truncate,  the  hind  margin 
bluntly  and  very  obtusely  angulate,  the  disk  nearly  plane,  the  lateral 
lobes  subvertical;  median  carina  feeble,  subobsolete  between  the  sulci; 
lateral  carinae  very  rounded ;  prozoua  nearly  smooth,  scarcely  longi- 
tudinal (male)  or  quadrate  (female),  but  little  longer  than  the  metazona, 
its  middle  sulcus  transverse,  the  posterior  sinuate;  metazoua  closely 
and  rather  finely  punctate;  pronotum  without  markings  except  a  faint 
slender  flavous  streak  along  the  discal  side  of  the  lateral  carinae  and, 
in  the  male  at  least,  some  irregular  blackish  fuscous  blotches  on  the 
lateral  lobes.  Prosternal  spine  moderately  long,  conico-cylindrical, 
blunt,  erect.  Tegmina  reaching  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora,  brownish 
testaceous  without  markings,  tapering  very  gently  and  regularly  to  a 
well-rounded  tip;  wings  pellucid  with  a  feeble  greenish  tinge,  the  veins 
and  cross  veins  fuscous  only  above  the  anal  area,  except  to  a  slight 
degree.  Hind  femora  olivaceo-testaceous,  more  or  less  infumated  above 
and  on  the  outer  face,  the  lower  carina  of  the  outer  face  flavous,  and 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 24 


370  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MrSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

dull  flavous  beneath,  with  a  median  and  postmedian  fuscous  patch  on 
the  upper  half  of  the  inner  face,  the  geuicular  arc  plumbeous  or  fusco- 
plumbeous;  hind  tibiae  red,  the  spines  black  except  at  extreme  base, 
ten  to  thirteen  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men feebly  clavate,  rounded,  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  broad, 
rounded  triangular,  the  lateral  borders  slightly  bent  in  the  middle,  with 
a  narrow,  moderately  deep,  percurrent,  median  sulcus  with  moderately 
high,  not  very  sharp  walls,  on  either  side  of  the  posterior  extremity  of 
which  is  a  similar,  parallel,  short  ridge;  furcula  present  only  as  the 
sbarply  rectangulate  inner  corners  of  the  slightly  parted  lateral  halves 
of  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  broad,  stout,  laminate,  faintly  convex, 
considerably  and  regularly  incurved,  the  basal  half  tapering  gently, 
beyond  the  middle  expanding  considerably,  more  above  than  below,  into 
a  flabellate  pad  considerably  broader  than  long,  bluntly  rounded  above 
and  below,  with  nearly  straight  and  truncate,  but  not  broadly  truncate, 
posterior  margin,  the  whole  fully  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate;  infra- 
cereal  plates  broader  than  the  apical  half  of  the  supraanal  plate,  no 
longer  than  it,  narrowing  rapidly  and  roundly;  subgenital  plate  rather 
broad  and  short,  considerably  elevated  and  prolonged  apically,  entire, 
extending  far  beyond  the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  25.5  mm.,  female,  33  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  19 
mm.,  female,  21  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female,  16.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Grand  Junction,  Mesa  County,  Colorado, 
August  28,  C.  P.  Gillette,  through  L.  Bruner. 

Although  Thomas's  description  of  C.  yarrowii  was  based  upon  a 
female  only,  I  am  tolerably  confident  that  this  species  is  to  be  referred 
to  it;  it  certainly  fits  it  better  than  any  known  to  me,  and  its  reference 
here  was  suggested  to  me  by  Professor  Bruner.  Thomas  gave  no  locality 
beyond  "found  in  the  collection,"  which  was  made  in  "portions  of 
Nevada,  Utah,  California,  Colorado,  New  Mexico  and  Arizona."  He 
afterwards  mentions  it  as  "probably  from  Arizona,  but  possibly  from 
Nevada,"  without  giving  reasons.  From  all  that  appears  it  might  have 
come  as  well  from  Colorado  or  Utah. 

129.   MELANOPLUS   OLIVACEUS,  new  species. 

(Plate  XXV,  fig.  3.) 
^    Melanoplus  olivaceus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Dark  brownish  testaceous  with  an  olivaceous  tint,  nearly  uniform  in 
coloring.  Head  varying  in  front  from  dark  olivaceous  to  fuscous  or 
ferruginous,  the  vertex  like  the  rest  of  the  body  and  gently  tumid; 
interspace  between  the  eyes  only  moderately  broad,  distinctly  narrower 
than  the  frontal  costa;  fastigium  very  slightly  and  broadly  sulcate; 
frontal  costa  moderately  broad  and  equal,  hardly  reaching  the  clypeus, 
sedately  punctate  at  the  sides,  more  or  less  shallowly  sulcate  except- 
ing above;  eyes  moderately  large,  rather  prominent  especially  in  the 
male,  considerably  longer,  at  least  in  the  male,  than  the  intraocular 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION'  OF  THE  MELAyOPLI—SC  UDDER.  371 

portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  red,  infuscated  apically.  Pronotum 
subequal,  scarcely  expanding  posteriorly  even  in  the  female,  the  front 
margin  subtruucate,  the  hind  margin  broadly  angulate,  the  angle 
rounded;  disk  very  feebly  convex  and  separated  by  subdistinct  lateral 
cariuae  formed  of  a  rounded  angle  from  the  subvertical  lateral  lobes, 
the  median  cariua  distinct  but  slight  on  the  metazona,  feeble  on  the 
prozona,  sometimes  subobsolete  between  the  sulci ;  prozoua  smooth,  dis- 
tinctly longitudinal  (male)  or  subtrausverse  (female),  a  third  (male)  or 
scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the  finely  and  closely  punctate  metazona,  the 
principal  sulcus  between  them  straight;  without  lighter  markings  at 
the  lateral  carinae,  the  lateral  lobes  more  or  less  but  feebly  discolored, 
the  posterior  lobe  of  the  prozona  usually  the  darker.  Prosterual  spine 
rather  long,  moderately  stout,  subcylindrical,  blunt,  a  little  retrorse. 
Tegmiua  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  rather  slender,  tapering  very 
feebly,  brownish  testaceous  without  longitudinal  stripes.  Fore  and 
middle  femora  plunibeo  olivaceous,  somewhat  tumid  in  the  male;  hind 
femora  brown  or  ferruginous  above,  dark  olivaceous  on  the  outer  face, 
dull  flavous  beneath  and  on  the  inner  side,  but  on  the  latter  more  or 
less  interrupted  with  fuscous  above,  the  geuicular  arc  brownish  tes- 
taceous; hind  tibiae  wholly  coral  red,  the  spines  black  almost  to  the 
base,  ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male 
abdomen  feebly  clavate,  upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with 
gently  sinuate  margins,  subrectangulate  apex,  nearly  flat,  with  a  very 
broad  and  obscure,  feebly  percurrent,  longitudinal  sulcus,  bounded  by 
low  broad  walls,  a  little  constricted  in  the  apical  half;  furcula  consist- 
ing of  a  pair  of  slight  acuminate  deuticulations,  arising  from  the  thick- 
ened inner  extremities  of  the  divided  halves  of  the  last  dorsal  seg- 
ment, and  overlying  the  ridges  bounding  the  median  sulcus  of  the 
supraanal  plate ;  cerci  large  and  broad,  gently  incurved,  slightly  taper- 
ing on  the  basal  half,  and  then  expanding  into  a  transversely  suboval 
apical  flabellatiou,  nearly  half  as  broad  again  as  the  extreme  base, 
expanding  more  above  than  below,  the  apical  margin  broadly  convex, 
the  whole  considerably  surpassing  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal 
plates  surpassing  but  slightly  the  sides  of  the  supraanal  plate,  about  as 
long  as  it;  subgenital  plate  moderately  broad,  the  lateral  margins 
hardly  elevated  apically,  but  considerably  prolonged,  subtuberculate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  29  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  20 
mm.,  female,  24.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  13.75  inin.,  female  15.75  mm. 

Three  males,  2  females.  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett,  July 
(L.  Bruner;  U.S.KM. — Kiley  collection). 

This  is  the  smallest  and  at  the  same  time  the  slightest  species  in  this 
series. 

28.  PUNCTULATUS  SERIES. 

This  group  is  composed  of  species  with  prominent  head  and  rapidly 
declivent  fastigium,  and,  in  the  male,  very  prominent  eyes.  The  joints 
of  the  antennae  are  unusually  long.  The  prouotum  is  rather  short  and 


372  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  lirSETM.  VOL.XX. 

in  front  rather  flaring  to  receive  the  head,  the  prozona  quadrate  (male) 
or  distinctly  transverse  (female),  the  prosternal  spine  short,  conical, 
and  erect,  and  the  interval  between  the  mesosternal  lobes  relatively 
broad.  The  tegmina  are  fully  developed,  longer  than  the  hind  femora, 
maculate  over  their  whole  breadth.  The  hind  femora  are  twice  rather 
narrowly  belted  with  black,  and  the  hind  tibiae  red,  more  or  less 
obscured. 

The  supraanal  plate  of  the  male  is  triangular,  the  furcula  very  slight 
or  wanting,  the  cerci  very  large  and  broad,  immensely  expanded  api- 
cally  and  flabellate,  with  convex  apical  margin,  the  subgenital  plate 
very  much  prolonged  and  greatly  elevated  apically. 

The  insects  are  of  medium  or  large  size  and  dark  color,  much  mot- 
tled, and  live  as  far  as  known  only  on  coniferous  trees.  Two  species 
are  known,  one  from  the  Southwest,  the  other  over  a  large  part  of  the 
country  east  of  the  Rocky  Mountains. 

130.  MELANOPLUS  ARBOREUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  5.) 

Dull  grimy  olivaceous,  heavily  spotted  and  clouded  with  brownish 
and  blackish  fuscous,  giving  it  a  more  or  less  conspicuously  mottled 
appearance.  Head  very  large  and  exceptionally  prominent  ;  in  brightest 
specimens  livid  or  dull  pale  flavous,  heavily  and  irregularly  flecked  with 
very  dark  olivaceous  inclining  to  blackish  fuscous,  forming  more  or  less 
well-marked  stripes,  bordering  the  upper  part  of  the  eyes  and  following 
the  median  line  of  the  vertex ;  vertex  tumid ;  interspace  between  the 
eyes  rather  narrow,  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa;  fastigium  rapidly 
declivent,  silicate,  the  sulcation  broadening  a  little  anteriorly;  frontal 
costa  moderately  broad,  equal,  laterally  punctate,  at  and  below  the 
ocellus  sulcate;  eyes  large,  very  prominent,  particularly  in  the  male; 
antennae  pale  flavous,  becoming  ferruginous  apically,  infuscated  broadly 
and  obscurely  at  intervals  throughout,  a  little  longer  (male)  or  a  little 
shorter  (female)  than  the  hind  femora.  Prouotum  very  feebly  subsel- 
late,  the  metazona  flaring  slightly  and  the  prozona  distinctly,  though 
over  but  little  space,  to  receive  the  head,  the  front  margin  faintly  con- 
vex, the  hind  margin  broadly  angulate,  the  angle  broadly  rounded,  the 
whole  brownish  fuscous  or  yellowish  brown,  more  or  less  mottled 
(except  on  the  metazona)  with  olivaceous  or  dull  flavous  and  with  fus- 
cous, the  latter  (sometimes  tinged  with  olivaceous)  forming  on  the 
upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  a  broad  more  or  less  broken  band;  pro- 
zona gently  convex  tranversely,  passing  insensibly  into  the  inferiorly 
vertical  lateral  lobes,  quadrate  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female), 
a  half  (male)  or  a  fourth  (female)  as  long  again  as  the  metazona,  smooth, 
the  median  carina  very  feeble,  subobsolete  between  the  sulci,  but  dis- 
tinct though  slight  on  the  metazona ;  the  latter  punctate,  with  feebly 
indicated  lateral  carinae.  Prosternal  spine  short,  conical,  bluntly 
pointed,  erect;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  slightly  longer  than 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDElt.  373 

broad  (male)  or  slightly  broader  than  long  (female).  Tegmiua  surpass- 
ing considerably  the  hind,  femora,  gently  and  feebly  tapering  from  the 
subbasal  expansion  to  the  well-rounded  tip,  fusco-testaceous  with  an 
olivaceous  tinge,  distantly  and  uniformly  flecked  with  usually  roundish 
or  subquadrate  dark  fuscous  spots,  less  abundant  in  the  apical  third, 
but  not  confined  at  all  to  the  discoidal  area;  wings  smoky  pellucid, 
becoming  feebly  infuscated  apically,  the  veins  and  cross-veins  mostly 
blackish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  luteo-ferruginous,  flecked 
with  dark  olivaceous  or  fuscous;  hind  femora  varying  from,  sordid 
luteo-fuscous  to  dull  pale  olivaceous,  rather  narrowly  and  completely 
bifasciate  with  black,  forming  unusually  regular  transverse  bands,  the 
whole  apex  blackish  fuscous  or  black;  hind  tibiae  plumbeo-fuscous  at 
extreme  base,  followed  by  a  very  narrow  black  annulus  and  this  by  a 
broader  pale  annulus,  beyond  which  the  tibiae  are  dull  red,  obscured 
above,  excepting  at  apex,  and  sometimes  on  the  sides  for  a  similar  and 
beneath  for  a  brief  distance,  with  fuscous,  often  broken  into  flecks, 
the  whole  pilose  above;  spines  black  nearly  or  quite  to  their  base, 
ten  to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdo- 
men feebly  clavate,  much  upturned,  the  supraaual  plate  broad,  triangu- 
lar, with  nearly  straight  lateral  margins,  acutangulate  tip  (too  nearly 
rectangulate  in  our  figure),  with  a  broad  and  rather  shallow  median 
sulcus,  interrupted  beyond  the  middle,  and  in  the  basal  half  bounded 
by  moderately  high  walls;  furcula  composed  of  a  pair  of  slight  trian- 
gular projections  at  the  inner  angles  of  the  divided  last  dorsal  segment, 
overlying  the  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate ;  cerci  large,  subequal  on  the 
basal  two- fifths  or  more,  then  abruptly  expanding  into  a  transverse 
apical  flap,  twice  as  broad  as  the  base,  the  expansion  almost  wholly  on 
the  upper  side  and  at  right  angles  to  the  basal  portion,  the  apical 
margin  broadly  convex,  but  below  emarginate  to  form  a  denticulation 
of  the  lower  posterior  angle  of  the  flap,  the  whole  gently  incurved 
and  surpassing  the  supraanal  plate ;  iufracercal  plates  wholly  concealed 
beneath  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  moderately  broad,  very 
greatly  extended  and  abruptly  elevated  at  the  extreme  apex. 

Length  of  body,  male,  30  mm.,  female,  44  mm.;  antennae,  male,  IS 
mm.,  female,  16.5  mm.;  tegmiua,  male,  26  mm.,  female,  31  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  16  mm.,  female,  21  nun. 

Six  males,  2  females.  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (U.S.KM.— Kiley  collec- 
tion; S.  H.  Scudder);  Gulf  coast  of  Texas,  Aaron;  Arizona,  Schaupp 
(L.  Bruner). 

This  species  is  certainly  very  closely  allied  to  M.punctu latus,  which 
not  only  occurs  with  it,  but  over  a  much  wider  extent  of  country;  it  is 
a  much  larger  insect  and  differs  in  several  points  in  the  abdominal 
appendages  of  the  male,  though  it  is  possible  that  the  two  should  be 
looked  upon  as  races  of  a  single  species. 


374  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

131.  MELANOPLUS  PUNCTULATUS. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  4.) 

Caloptenus  punctulatus  UHLER!,  MS.  (1862).— SCUDDER!,  Bost.  Journ.  Nat.  Hist., 
VII  (1862),  p.  465.— SMITH,  Proc,  Portl.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  I  (1868),  p.  150.— 
WALKER,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mas.,  IV  (1870),  p.  678.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.S. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  163.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent..,  IX  (1877),  p.  145.— 
THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  43.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill 
(1883),  p.  60. 

Caloptenus  griseus  THOMAS,  Ann.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Snrv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p.  454. — 
GLOVER,  111.  N.  A.  Eiit.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  xn,  fig.  14.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  165.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  144.— 
THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883), p.  60. 

Mel anoplus  punctulatus  SCUDDER!,  Hitchc.  Rep.  Geol.  N.  H.,  I  (1874),  p.  376; 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc,  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  285;  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878), 
p.  44.— FERNALD,  Orth.  N.  E.  (1888),  pp.  31,  32;  Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll., 
XXV  (1888),  pp.  115, 116.— DAVIS,  Ent.Amer.,V  (1889),  p.  81.— SMITH,  Cat. 
Ins.  X.  J.  (1890),  p.  413.— MCNEILL,  Psyche,  VI  (1891),  p.  74.— SMITH,  Bull. 
N.  J.  Exp.  St.,  XC  (1892),  p.  34.— SCUDDER,  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  55.— 
MORSE,  ibid.,  VII  (1894),  pp.  55, 106.— BEUTENMULLKR,  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Xat, 
Hist.,  VI  (1894),  pp.  252,  307. 

Caloptenus  helluo  SCUDDEK!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Xat.  Hist.,  XVII  (1875),  p.  476; 
Ent.  Notes,  IV  (1875),  p.  75.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878), 
p.  43.— SCUDDER!,  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  20.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 
Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Pezotettix  helluo  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  14. 

Melanoplus  lielluo  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  285; 
Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  44;  Psyche,  VII  (1894),  p.  55.— MORSE,  ibid.,  VII 
(1894),  p.  55. 

Melanoplus  griseus  BLATCHLEY  !,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIV  (1892),  pp.  30-31. — BRUNER, 
Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28.— SCUDDEK,  Psyche,  VII  (1894), 
p.  55.— MORSE,  ibid.,  VII  (1894),  p.  55.— BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent.,  XXVI 
(1894),  p.  245. 

Dark  brownish  fuscous  much  mottled  with  blackish  and  often  tinged 
with  dull  olivaceous,  beneath  ferrugineo- testaceous.  Head  varying 
from  pale  dull  olivaceous  to  f err ugineo- testaceous,  irregularly  mottled 
with  blackish  fuscous  and  with  a  blackish  band  behind  the  eyes  and  a 
widening  median  stripe  of  the  same  upon  the  summit;  vertex  tumid; 
fastigium  rapidly  declivent,  sulcate  throughout,  the  margins  much 
raised  between  the  eyes,  which  are  separated  by  a  space  less  than  the 
width  of  the  frontal  costa;  the  latter  prominent  above,  moderate  in 
breadth,  subequal,  sulcate  below  the  ocellus,  sparsely  punctate  through- 
out, each  point  marked  by  a  dark  olivaceous  dot;  eyes  large  and  in  the 
male  very  prominent,  in  both  sexes  much  longer  than  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  varying  from  fusco  luteous  to  fusco- 
ferruginous,  much  longer  (male)  or  a  little  or  no  shorter  (female)  than 
the  hind  femora.  Pronotum  subequal,  widening  a  little  at  the  metazona 
in  the  female,  slightly  flaring  in  front  to  receive  the  head,  especially  in 
the  male,  varying  from  luteo-testaceous  to  brownish  fuscous,  often 
much  flecked  and  punctate  with  black  or  blackish  fuscous,  the  lateral 
lobes  more  heavily  marked  above  with  black  on  the  prozona,  forming 
generally  a  broken  or  maculate  band;  front  and  hind  margin  as  in 


NO.  1124.  RE  I  'ISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SC  UDDER.  375 


M.  arboreus;  prozona  quadrate  (male)  or  distinctly  transverse  (female), 
not  more  than  a  third  (male)  or  scarcely  (female)  longer  than  the 
inetazona,  the  feebly  tumid  disk  passing  insensibly  without  lateral 
carinae  into  the  lateral  lobes,  though  these  are  sometimes  visible  in  the 
posterior  section  as  on  the  metazona ;  median  carina  occasionally  distinct 
through  out,  but  always  feebler  and  sometimes  very  feeble  on  theprozona; 
metazona  closely  ruguloso-punctate.  Prosternal  spine  short,  conical, 
erect ;  interval  between  mesosternal  lobes  su  bquadr  ate  (male)  or  distinctly 
transverse,  but  narrower  than  the  lobes  themselves  (female).  Tegrnina 
somewhat  surpassing  the  hind  femora,  very  gradually  tapering  to  a 
well-rounded  apex,  fusco-testaceous,  sprinkled  with  moderately  large 
roundish  or  quadrate  fuscous  spots;  wings  pellucid,  with  a  feeble 
greenish-yellow  tinge,  feebly  infumated  apically  where  the  veins  and 
cross  veins  are  blackish  fuscous.  Fore  and  middle  femora  luteo-  or 
olivaceo-testaceous  heavily  flecked  with  black,  showing  a  tendency  to 
form  a  triple  belting;  hind  femora  similar,  the  black  forming  mod- 
erately narrow  basal,  preinedian,  postraedian,  and  apical  belts,  which 
do  no  not  touch  the  coralline  under  and  inner  surfaces,  except  the  latter 
in  a  partial  way;  hind  tibiae  dull  red,  with  a  postbasal  obscure  flavous 
annulus,  before  which  they  are  sometimes  blackened,  and  beyond  which, 
above  and  on  the  sides,  often  flecked  or  suffused  with  plumbeo-fuscous, 
the  serial  space  between  the  spines  often  dull  luteous,  the  whole  pilose; 
spines  black  nearly  or  quite  to  their  base,  except  on  the  inner  side,  ten 
to  twelve  in  number  in  the  outer  series,  none  arising  very  near  the  base  of 
the  tibiae.  Extremity  of  the  male  abdomen  scarcely  clavate,  somewhat 
upturned,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular,  with  convex  lateral  margins 
and  subrectangulate  apex,  its  median  sulcus  terminating  abruptly  in 
the  middle,  rather  broad,  somewhat  shallow,  bounded  by  rather  sharp 
walls;  furcula  entirely  wanting;  cerci  large,  broad,  the  basal  half  or 
less  subequal,  exteriorly  convex  and  punctate,  beyond  abruptly  expand- 
ing to  nearly  double  the  width  in  exactly  opposite  directions,  consider- 
ably more  above  than  below,  but  otherwise  symmetrical,  the  apical 
margin  angulato-convex,  the  whole  gently  incurved;  infracercal  plates 
surpassing  the  sides  of  the  supraanal  plate  only  at  the  extreme  base 
and  slightly;  subgenital  plate  moderately  broad,  apically  abruptly 
elevated  to  a  considerable  degree  and  thickened,  but  only  a  little 
prolonged. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
14.5  mm.,  female,  12  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  18.5  mm.; 
hind  femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  12  inm. 

Nineteen  males,  34  females.  Maine,  Packard,  P.  E.  Uhler;  North 
Conway,  Carroll  County,  New  Hampshire;  Audover,  Essex  County, 
Massachusetts,  November;  vicinity  of  Boston,  Massachusetts,  Uhler; 
Cambridge,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  September  (Museum 
Comparative  Zoology;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Waltham,  Middlesex  County, 
Massachusetts,  September  5,  C.  J.  Maynard  (A.  P.  Morse);  Sherborn, 
Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  September,  Mrs.  A.  L.  Babcock 


376  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

(same);  Amherst,  Hampshire  County,  Massachusetts,  August  22 
(same);  Canaan,  Litclifield  County,  Connecticut,  August  18  (same); 
Ellen  ville,  Ulster  County,  New  York,  September,  Beutenmiiller  (A.  P. 
Morse;  S.  H.  Scudder)  ;  Ithaca,  Tompkins  County,  New  York,  August  2. 
28  (A.  P.  Morse);  Point  of  Kocks,  Frederick  County,  Maryland,  August 
19,  Pergande  (L.  Bruner);  Middle  States,  Osten  Sacken;  Yirgiuia  (L. 
Bruner)  ;  Shenandoah  Yalley,  Virginia,  October,  Packard  (Museum  Com- 
parative Zoology)  ;  Indiana,  October  7,  Blatchley  (A.  P.  Morse)  ;  Fulton 
County,  Indiana,  Blatchley;  Yigo  County,  Indiana,  Blatchley  (A.  P. 
Morse);  Putnam  County,  Indiana,  August  20,  Blatchley  (same);  Bloom- 
ington,  Monroe  County,  Indiana,  Bollman  (U.S.N.M.);  Illinois,  Sep- 
tember (L.  Bruner);  Eock  Island,  Illinois,  Walsh;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll 
(U.S.N.M.—  Riley  collection;  S.  H.  Scudder). 

It  has  also  been  reported  from  Vermont  (Scudder);  Staten  Island, 
New  York  (Davis)  ;  Ocean  County,  New  Jersey  (Smith)  ;  Ohio  (Thomas)  ; 
Galesburg,  Knox  County,  and  Urbana,  Champaign  County,  Illinois 
(McNeill),  and  eastern  Nebraska  (Bruner). 

Bruner  reports  it  from  oak  groves  and  Smith  on  cranberry  bogs,  but 
Beutenmiiller  has  found  that  it  lives  011  pine  trees.  Blatchley  found  it 
in  the  depths  of  a  tamarack  swamp,  and  says  it  is  not  an  active  insect, 
"usually,  after  one  or  two  short  leaps,  squatting  close  to  the  earth,  and 
seemingly  depending  upon  the  close  similarity  of  its  hues  to  the  gray- 
ish lichens  about  it  to  avoid  detection."  Others  have  since  found  it  on 
coniferous  trees,  and  these  are,  apparently,  its  proper  station. 

24.  PHOETALIOTES,  new  genus. 
,  aroamer.) 


Body  elongate,  rather  slender,  a  little  compressed,  very  feebly  pilose, 
including  faintly  the  tegmina  and  legs.  Head  large,  full,  prominent, 
relatively  elongate,  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  long  prozona,  the 
space  behind  the  eyes  fully  half  as  long  as  the  breadth  of  the  eyes,  the 
genae  a  little  tumescent,  the  head  apart  from  the  eyes  slightly  broader 
than  the  pronotuin;  vertex  prominent  and  well  arched  both  longi- 
tudinally and  transversely;  face  a  little  oblique;  eyes  rounded  broad 
oval,  moderately  prominent,  subtruncate  anteriorly,  moderately  dis- 
tant, somewhat  farther  apart  than  the  greatest  width  of  the  frontal 
costa;  fastigium  very  faintly  sulcate,  almost  plane;  frontal  costa  promi- 
nent, markedly  narrower  above  than  below  the  ocellus;  antennae 
slender,  moderately  long,  but  shorter  than  the  hind  femora,  though  fully 
twice  as  long  as  the  prorioturn.  Pronoturn  of  moderate  length,  faintly 
subsellate  but  otherwise  equal,  feebly  flaring  in  front  to  receive  the  head  ; 
disk  rounded  subtectate,  with  broadly  rounded  very  indistinct  lateral 
carinae,  and  a  sharp,  equal,  and  percurrent  median  carina;  prozoua 
longitudinal,  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  inetazona,  with  indistinct 
transverse  sulci;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  extremely  ob- 
tusangulate.  Prosternal  spine  rather  large,  erect,  conical,  blunt;  meso- 
and  metastethia  together  much  more  than  twice  as  long  as  broad; 


NO.  1124.  EE  riSIOX  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SC  UDDER.  377 

interspace  between  rnesosternal  lobes  much  (male)  or  a  little  (female) 
longer  than  broad,  the  metasternal  lobes  attingeiit  (male)  or  approxi- 
mate (female) ;  portion  of  metasternum  behind  the  lobes  about  twice 
as  broad  as  long  and  about  half  as  broad  as  the  greatest  breadth  of 
the  metasternum.  Tegmiua  either  abbreviate,  broad  lanceolate,  acumi- 
nate, attingent,  slightly  longer  than  the  pronoturn,  or  fully  developed, 
surpassing  the  hind  femora,  rather  broad  and  equal,  well  rounded  at 
tip.  hardly  tapering  in  the  distal  half,  at  a  distance  from  the  apex 
equal  to  the  breadth  of  the  tegmina  as  broad  as  the  metazona,  the 
intercalaries  and  cross  veins  of  the  discoidal  area  everywhere  few,  the 
venation  in  general  loose,  irregular,  and  ill-defined,  the  humeral  vein 
broadly  sinuous,  terminating  on  the  costal  margin  at  least  as  far  before 
the  apex  as  the  breadth  of  the  tegmina,  nowhere  running  closely  par- 
allel to  the  costal  margin  nor  gradually  merging  into  it,  the  area  inter- 
calata  not  reaching  the  middle  of  the  tegmina.  Hind  femora  long  and 
slender,  the  genicular  lobes  pallid  with  a  transverse  basal  fuscous 
stripe,  the  hind  tibiae  glaucous,  sometimes  yellowish,  with  eleven  to 
thirteen  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Abdomen  compressed,  mesially 
carinate,  apically  clavate  and  recurved  in  the  male,  the  subgenital 
plate  narrow  and  long,  with  lateral  margins  ampliate  at  base,  the 
apical  margin  mesially  pinched  but  not  elevated,  the  apical  face  with 
no  subapical  tubercle;  furcula  delicately  developed;  cerci  compressed 
styliform,  rather  small;  ovipositor  of  female  normally  exserted. 

This  genus  is  very  closely  related  to  Melanoplus,  from  which  it  is  to 
be  distinguished  by  its  large  tumid  head  and  subsellate  equal  prono- 
tum,  as  well  as  by  its  substyliform  cerci,  though  the  last  characteristic 
is  found  in  some  degree  in  a  couple  of  species  of  Melanoplus.  The 
neuration  of  the  tegmina,  when  the  latter  are  developed,  also  differs  to 
a  certain  degree,  pointed  out  in  the  descriptions.  Bruner '  has  already 
expressed  the  opinion  that  this  type  should  be  generically  dissociated 
from  other  Melanopli. 

A  single  species  is  known,  found  in  the  western  Mississippi  basin 
and  beyond  its  latitudinal  limits  from  Alberta  to  Mexico. 

PHOETALIOTES  NEBRASCENSIS. 
(Plates  I,  fig.  e;  XXV,  figs.  6,  7.) 

Pezotettix  megacephala  THOMAS,  MS.,  fide  Dodge,  Caii.  Ent.,  IV  (1872),  p.  15— 
undescribed. 

PHOETALIOTES  NEBRASCENSIS  NEBRASCENSIS. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  6.) 

Pezotettix  nebrascensis  THOMAS,  Aim.  Rep.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1872),  p. 
455.— GLOVER.,  111.  N.  A.  Ent.,  Orth.  (1872),  pi.  xm,  fig.  2.— THOMAS,  Rep. 
U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  V  (1873),  p.  151.— BRUNER,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p. 
144.— STAL,  Bib.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Haudl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  14.— BRUNER, 
Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Bull.  Wasbb.  Coll.,  I  (1885;,  pp. 
136-137;  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  (1885-86),  p.  307.— OSBORN,  Proc.  Iowa  Acad.  Sc.,  I, 
Pt.  ii  (1892),  p.  117. 

1  Bull.  Wnsbb.  Coll.,  I,  p.  37. 


378  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  HrSEVM.  VOL.XX. 

Pezotettix  autumnalis  DODGE!,  Can.  Ent.,  VIII  (1876),  p.  10. — BRUXER,  ibid.,  IX 
(1877),  p.  144;  Eep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  59.— MCXEILL,  Psyche, 
VI  (1891),  p.  76. 

Caloptenus  sanguinocephalus  LA  MUNYON,  Proc.  Nebr.  Ass.  Adv.  Sc.  (1877),  March 
8,  1877. 

Euprepocnemis  nebrascensis  BRUXER,  Pub.  Xebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  28. 

PHOETALIOTES  NEBRASCENSIS  VOLTJCRIS. 

(Plates  I,  fig.  e',  XXV,  fig.  7.) 

Caloptenu8  volucris  DODGE,  Can.  Ent.,  IX  (1877),  p.  112.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  IX 
(1877),  p.  145.— THOMAS,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coimn.,  I  (1878),  p.  43.— BRUNER, 
ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Fu'sco-testaceous,  flavous  beneath.  Head  navo-testaceous,  in  fresh 
specimens  more  or  less  fusco-olivaceous,  much  infuscated  above,  with  a 
broad  piceous  postocular  band,  and  often  with  a  pair  of  divergent  fus- 
cous or  ferrugineous  stripes  on  the  summit:  vertex  very  tumid,  dis- 
tinctly elevated  above*  the  level  of  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between 
the  eyes  twice  (male)  or  thrice  (female)  as  broad  as  the  first  antenual 
joint j  fastigiuin  rather  rapidly  declivent,  with  scarcely  perceptible  sul- 
cation ;  frontal  costa  not  nearly  reaching  the  clypeus,  much  broader 
below  than  above  the  ocellus,  the  change  rather  abruptly  effected  and 
more  striking  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  at  its  broadest  consider- 
ably narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  distinctly  impressed 
at  the  ocellus,  and  in  the  male  sulcate  below  it,  punctate  throughout, 
above  biseriately;  eyes  moderately  large,  rather  prominent,  with  no 
great  difference  between  the  sexes,  fully  as  long  as  (female)  or  distinctly 
longer  than  (male)  the  infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae;  antennae 
testaceous,  feebly  infuscated  apically,  about  four-fifths  (male)  or  three- 
fifths  (female)  as  long  as  the  hind  femora  (but  in  southern  examples  of 
P.  n.  nebrascensis  relatively  longer).  Pronotum  equal,  except  for  being 
faintly  subsellate,  especially  in  the  male,  the  disk  ferrugineo-fuscous, 
rounded  subtectate,  passing  by  a  very  broadly  and  uniformly  rounded 
shoulder,  forming  a  semblance  of  blunt  lateral  carinae,  into  the  ante- 
riorly feebly  tumid  vertical  lateral  lobes,  which  are  more  or  less  tiavous 
below,  and  above  are  marked  on  the  prozona  with  a  very  broad  piceous 
postocular  baud,  generally  broader  on  the  posterior  section  and  occa- 
sionally broken  there;  median  carina  sharp  but  not  high,  equal,  per- 
current;  front  margin  subtruncate,  hind  margin  very  obtusaugulate, 
in  the  female  often  rotundato-obtusaugulate;  prozona  distinctly  longi- 
tudinal in  both  sexes,  sparsely  and  shallowly  and  sometimes  very 
obscurely  punctate,  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  densely  and  finely 
punctate  metazona.  Prosternal  spine  rather  long,  erect,  conical,  blunt; 
interspace  between  mesosterual  lobes  about  two  and  a  half  times  longer 
than  broad  (male)  or  about  half  as  long  again  as  broad  (female).  Teg- 
mina  slightly  longer  than  the  prouotum,  broad  lanceolate,  attingent, 
the  costal  margin  angulato-convex,  the  tip  bluntly  acuminate,  ferru 
gineo-testaceous  (P.  n.  nebrascensis},  or  surpassing  a  little  the  hind 
femora,  overlapping,  rather  broad,  remarkably  equal,  the  apex  well 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  379 

rounded,  ferrugineo-testaceous  in  the  basal  half,  beyond  subhyaline 
with  fusco-testaceous  veins  and  cross  veins  (P.  n.  volucris,  Plate  I,  fig.  e) ; 
wings  in  the  latter  form  about  as  long  as  the  tegmina,  moderately 
broad,  hyaline  with  fusco-olivaceous  or  fusco-ferrugiuous  veins  becom- 
ing increasingly  infuscated  apically.  Fore  and  middle  femora  a  little 
tumid  in  the  male;  hind  femora  flavo-testaceous,  generally  more 
or  less  infuscated  or  fusco-olivaceous  in  the  upper  half  of  the  outer 
face,  the  inner  side  and  outer  carina  of  the  upper  face  and  upper 
limit  of  the  inner  face  more  or  less  distinctly  and  rather  narrowly 
bifasciate  or  bimaculate  with  fuscous;  lower  face  flavous  sometimes 
deepening  into  roseate;  upper  genicular  lobe  and  base  of  lower  genic- 
ular  lobe  blackish  fuscous;  hind  tibiae  usually  glaucous,  sometimes 
lighter,  sometimes  darker,  occasionally  yellowish,  with  a  subbasal  black- 
ish annulus  and  the  apex  fuscescent  or  flavescent,  the  spines  black 
almost  or  quite  to  the  base,  twelve  to  thirteen,  rarely  eleven,  in  number 
in  the  outer  series.  Extremity  of  male  abdomen  feebly  clavate,  a  little 
recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  slightly  convex  sides  and 
feebly  acutaugulate  apex,  the  median  sulcus  rather  broad  and  equal, 
reaching  only  the  middle  of  the  plate  and  there  fading  abruptly,  the 
moderately  high  walls  terminating  against  a  feebly  transverse  plica; 
furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  very  slender  and  brief  needles  overlying 
the  submedian  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate,  not  nearly  so  long  as  the 
last  dorsal  segment ;  cerci  compressed  substyliform,  moderately  broad 
at  base,  tapering  more  rapidly  in  the  basal  than  in  the  apical  half, 
bluntly  acuminate  at  tip  and  about  as  long  as  the  supraanal  plate; 
subgenital  plate  narrow  and  apically  narrowing  slightly,  the  lateral 
and  apical  margins  in  about  the  same  plane,  the  apical  margin  laterally 
compressed  niesially,  so  as  to  simulate  an  apical  tubercle,  entire. 

Measurements:  P.  n.  nebrascensis  (Colorado). — Length  of  body,  male, 
22  mm.,  female,  23  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9.5  mm.,  female,  7  mm.;  teg- 
miua,  male,  6  mm.,  female,  6.5  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  female,  11.75 
mm.  (Texas),  body,  male,  22.5  mm.,  female,  30  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
female,  11  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  6  mm.,  female,  7.5  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  13  mm.,  female,  15.25  mm.  P.  n.  volucris  (male,  Nebraska;  female, 
Montana),  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  9  mm., 
female,  7.25  mm.,  tegmina,  male,  18.5  mm.,  female,  18  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  11.2  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm.  (Texas),  body,  male,  24mm., 
female,  28.5  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  tegmina, 
male,  18.25  mm.,  female,  20  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  13.5  mm.,  female, 
15  mm 

Twenty-seven  males,  28  females.  Medicine  Hat,  Assiniboia,  Septem- 
ber (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Fort  McLeod,  Alberta,  September 
(same);  Glendive,  Dawson  County,  Montana  (L.  Bruuer);  Wyoming, 
Morrison  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Nebraska,  Dodge,  October 
(same;  S.  Henshaw;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Gordon,  Sheridan  County, 
Nebraska,  September  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  collection);  Fort  Robinson, 


380  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL  xx. 

Dawes  County,  Nebraska,  August  21,  Bruner  (same) ;  Ogalalla,  Keith 
County,  Nebraska,  August  31  (L.  Bruner);  West  Point,  Cuniiug 
County, Nebraska,  September  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  collection;  L.  Bruuer) ; 
Omaha,  Douglas  County,  Nebraska,  September  (U.S.N.M. — Riley  col- 
lection); Cordova,  Eock  Island  County,  Illinois,  September  28,  J. 
McNeill;  Lakin,  Kearny  County,  Kansas,  3,000  feet,  September  1; 
between  Smoky  Hill,  Kansas,  and  Denver,  Colorado,  September,  L. 
Agassiz  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  Pueblo,  Colorado.  4,700  feet, 
August  30-31;  Dallas,  Texas,  Boll  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection;  S. 
H.  Scudder);  Fort  Worth,  Tarrant  County,  Texas,  May  (U.S.N.M.— 
Eiley  collection);  Tucson,  Pima  County,  Arizona  (same);  Montelovez, 
Cohahuila,  Mexico,  September  20,  E.  Palmer;  Sierra  de  San  Miguel ito, 
San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  E.  Palmer;  Guanajuato,  Mexico,  A.  Duges 
(U.S.N.M.);  Queretaro,  Mexico,  November  (L.  Bruner);  Tlalpan,  Mex- 
ico, November  (same). 

The  species  has  also  been  reported  from  Colona,  Henry  County,  Illi- 
nois (McNeill),  Topeka,  Shawnee  County,  Kansas  (Bruner),  Iowa 
(Osborn),  and  Dakota  (Bruner).  McNeill  states  that  the  species  was 
to  be  found  at  Cordova,  Illinois,  only  "  in  a  large  orchard  on  the  east 
side  of  a  high  hill." 

P.  n.  volucris  has  been  seen  by  me  from  Montana,  Wyoming,  Nebraska, 
Texas,  Arizona,  and  Mexico;  P.  n.  nebrascensis  from  all  the  general 
regions  mentioned  excepting  Montana,  Wyoming,  and  Arizona. 
Bruner  long  ago  pointed  out  the  dimorphism.  The  antennae  of  south- 
ern examples  are  relatively  longer  than  in  those  from  northern  stations, 
at  least  in  the  form  P.  n.  nebrascensis. 

25.  PAROXYA. 

(Ilcxpa,  beside;  Oxya,  a  genus  of  Acridiinae.) 
Paroxya  SCUDDER,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp.  28-29. 

Body  straight,  subcylindrical,  briefly  pilose.  Head  moderately  large, 
not  prominent,  the  face  subdeclivent,  the  eyes  large,  prominent,  half  as 
long  again  (female)  or  twice  as  long  (male)  as  the  anterior  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae,  separated  from  each  other  above  by  fully  (male) 
or  very  much  more  than  (female)  the  width  of  the  basal  joint  of  the 
antennae;  fastigiuin  rather  broad,  slightly  sulcate;  frontal  costa  rather 
prominent  above  and  punctate,  subequal,  percurrent,  feebly  sulcate, 
about  as  broad  as  the  interspace  between  the  eyes;  antennae  long,  half 
or  much  more  than  half  the  length  of  the  body  in  the  male,  equal,  the 
joints  subdepressed,  beyond  the  middle  punctate.  Dorsuin  of  pronotuni 
twice  as  long  as  the  average  width,  at  least  in  the  male,  subequal 
throughout,  there  being  no  median  constriction,  transversely  very 
broadly  tectate,  nearly  plane,  the  median  carina  slight,  equal,  percur- 
rent, the  lateral  carinae  distinct  but  blunt,  the  prozona  only  about  a 
third  (or  less)  longer  than  the  metazona,  the  hind  border  of  latter 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  381 

obtusely  and  bluntly  angulate;  lateral  lobes  vertical,  their  lower  border 
very  obtusely  angulate  in  the  middle.  Prosternal  spine  prominent, 
subcylindrical,  bluntly  pointed,  laterally  compressed  at  the  base,  at 
least  in  the  male;  mesosternal  lobes  narrowly  separated  in  both  sexes; 
metasternal  lobes  subattingent  (male)  or  as  distant  as  the  mesosternal 
lobes  (female).  Tegmina  and  wings  variable,  but  at  least  as  long  as 
the  pronotum.  Hind  femora  reaching  or  generally  surpassing  the  tip  of 
the  abdomen,  moderately  stout  but  tapering  very  regularly,  unarmed 
above,  the  inferior  geuicular  lobes  produced  but  apically  rounded, 
marked  at  base  with  a  transverse  dark  bar;  spiued  margins  of  hind 
tibiae  smooth,  scarcely  dilated  toward  the  tip,  provided  on  outer  margin 
with  nine  to  thirteen,  generally  eleven,  spines,  the  larger  number  being 
more  common  in  the  female.  Subgenital  plate  of  male  short,  transverse, 
of  subequal  width  throughout,  more  or  less  tumid,  the  lateral  margins 
ampliate  at  the  base;  anal  cerci  of  male  long,  laminate,  subclepsydral 
in  shape,  incurved;  edges  of  inferior  valve  of  ovipositor  smooth. 

This  genus  bears  a  close  general  resemblance  to  the  gerontogeic 
genus  Oxya,  but  differs  strikingly  from  it  in  the  separated  metasterual 
lobes  of  the  female,  the  blunt  tips  of  the  inferior  genicular  lobes  of  the 
hind  femora,  the  smooth  edges  of  the  hind  tibiae  and  the  absence  of 
the  terminal  spine  of  the  outer  series  of  the  same.  It  is  very  narrowly 
separable  from  Melanoplus,  and  I  do  not  see  how  it  could  be  distin- 
guished from  it  if  we  include  in  it,  as  Stal  did,  his  Pezotettix  plebejm 
and  rusticus.  The  combination  of  such  peculiarities  as  the  long- 
antennae  and  strongly  transverse  subgenital  plate  of  the  male  with 
the  long  and  parallel- sided  prouotum  of  both  sexes  serves  to  distin- 
guish it  from  Melanoplus,  as  here  limited;  while  the  strongly  banded 
sides  of  the  body  and  the  long  and  clepsydral  cerci  of  the  male  in  all 
the  species  mark  it  as  a  peculiar  type  even  if  these  markings  and  form 
of  genitalia  do  occur  in  certain  species  of  the  diversified  genus 
Melanoplus. 

Three  species  are  known  and  appear  to  be  confined  almost  entirely  to 
our  Atlantic  and  Gulf  borders,  though  some  of  the  species  occur  as  far 
inland  as  Indiana,  Ohio,  and  Michigan.  It  is  unknown  west  of  the 
Mississippi,  except  in  Louisiana  and  Texas  (though  Professor  Bruner 
suspects  its  presence  in  Nebraska).  They  inhabit  moist  places. 

The  type  is  P.  floriclana. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  PAROXYA. 

A1.  Antennae  and  cerci  of  male  relatively  short;  fnrcnla  of  male  consisting  of  a 

pair  of  triangular  plates;  teguiina  at  least  as  long  as  body 1.  atlantica  (p.  382). 

A-.  Antennae  and  cerci  of  male  relatively  long;  furcula  of  male  consisting  of  a  pair 

of  subequal  ringers;  tegmina  variable. 

ft1.  Furcula  coarse,  heavy,  and  depressed,  generally  straight;    supraanal  plate 

short  triangular;  tegmiua  much  shorter  than  body 2.  hoosicri  (p.  382). 

6*.  Furcula  relatively  slender,  cylindrical,  often  divergent;  supraanal  plate  long 
triangular ;  tegmina  normally  as  long  as  body  but  very  variable .  3.  floridana(p.  383). 


382  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM,  VOL.  xx. 

i.  PAROXYA   ATLANTICA. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  8.) 

Paroxya  atlantica  SCUDDER!  (pars),  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp. 

29,88;    (pars),  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  7,29;  (pars),  Cent.  Ortk.  (1879), 
pp.  46-47. 

Dark  wood-brown  above,  luteo-testaceous  below,  with  a  broad  black 
stripe  on  the  sides  of  the  head  behind  the  eye  and  the  upper  half  of  the 
lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotuin,  sometimes  not  affecting  the  metazona; 
antennae  ferruginous,  uniform  or  sometimes  slightly  infuscatecl  apically, 
in  the  male  slightly  less  than  half  as  long  as  the  body.  Tegrniua  uni- 
form brownish  fuscous,  just  about  as  long  as  the  body  in  both  sexes. 
Hind  femora  luteo-testaceous,  the  upper  inner  surface  with  fuscous 
median  and  postmedian  bars,  the  geniculations  black,  the  hind  tibiae 
pale  glaucous,  with  ten  to  thirteen  (usually  as  many  as  twelve)  spines 
in  the  outer  row.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  very  short  triangular,  with 
a  short  basal  median  sulcus  with  low  walls;  furcula  consisting  of  a 
pair  of  flattened  short  triangular  plates,  whose  adjacent  inner  walls 
are  slightly  elevated,  but  which  diverge  apically;  cerci  much  shorter 
than  in  the  other  species,  not  extending  beyond  the  tip  of  the  supra- 
anal  plate,  compressed  laminate,  strongly  incurved,  tapering  rapidly 
at  base,  then  subequal  for  a  short  space,  ending  in  a  spatulate  tip 
nearly  as  broad  as  the  base,  well  rounded  apically. 

Length  of  body,  male,  23  mm.,  female,  29  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  11  mm. ;  tegmiua,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  18  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  13  mm.,  female,  15.5  mm. 

Nine  males,  4  females.  Georgia,  H.  K.  Morrison  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley 
collection;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Fort  Eeed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  April 
7,  21,  23,  J.  H.  Coinstock;  Sandford,  Orange  County,  Florida,  G.  B. 
Frazer. 

2.  PAROXYA  HOOSIERI. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  9.) 

Pezotettix  hoosieri  BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent.,  XXIV  (1892),  pp.  31-33. 
Paroxya  atlantica  BLATCHLEY!,  Can.  Ent.,  XXV  (1893),  p.  90;  Proc.  Ind.  Acad. 
Sc.,  1892  (1894),  p.  118;  Can.  Ent,,  XXVI  (1894),  p.  244. 

Dark  wood  brown  with  an  olivaceous  tinge  above,  varying  from  fla 
vous  to  clay  yellow  beneath,  with  a  broad  piceous  stripe  on  the  sides, 
occupying  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  pronotum,  in  the 
female  often  fading  out  on  the  posterior  part  of  the  metazona.  Face  of 
the  color  of  the  under  surface,  but  generally  more  or  less  obscured  with 
fuscous  or  fuliginous;  antennae  uniform  ferrugineo-testaceous,  in  the 
male  much  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  body.  Tegmiua  uniform 
olivaceous  brown,  less  than  twice  as  long  as  the  pronotum.  Legs  bright 
olive  green,  the  hind  femora  more  or  less  embrowned,  especially  above, 
the  geniculatiou  black;  hind  tibiae  pale  glaucous,  more  or  less  luteous 


NO.  1124.  HKVISIOX  OF  THE  ^IKI.AXnPLI— SCUDDER.  383 

basally  with  a  narrow  post-basal  black  aimulus  in  the  luteotis  portion, 
the  spines  black  excepting  at  extreme  base,  ten  to  eleven  in  number  in 
the  outer  series.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  short  triangular,  inesially  tec- 
tate,  with  a  very  slender,  deep,  percurrent  sulcus  broadening  consider- 
ably at  the  apex;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  adjacent,  parallel, 
pretty  long  and  coarse,  strongly  depressed,  somewhat  tapering,  blunt 
apophyses;  cerci  compressed  laminate,  strongly  incurved  throughout, 
tapering  to  as  much  as  half  the  basal  width  in  the  proximal  half  and 
then  immediately  and  as  regularly  widening  to  nearly  the  basal  width 
in  the  distal  half,  subtruncate  apically. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  29  mm.;  antennae,  male,  12 
mm.,  female,  12.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  9.25  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12  mm.,  female,  16  mm. 

Ten  males,  8  females.  Yigo  County,  Indiana  (W.  S.  Blatchley;  A.  P. 
Morse) ;  Oberlin,  Lorain  County,  Ohio,  September  21,  coll.  L.  Jones,  W. 
S.  Blatchley.  Mr.  Blatchley  has  also  taken  it  in  a  tamarack  swamp  in 
Fulton  County,  Indiana,  and  says  it  is  found  abundantly  from  August 
to  October.  It  was  found  around  the  margins  of  a  pond  in  Vigo  County 
and  in  Ohio  in  a  swamp  in  woods. 

Mr.  Lynds  Jones  writes  me  that  it  is  "found  in  abundance  in  the 
rank  vegetation  which  sprang  up  in  a  dry  swamp  surrounded  by  woods" 
in  the  vicinity  of  Oberlin,  Ohio. 

Mr.  Blatchley1  describes  the  colors  of  the  living  insect. 

3.    PAROXYA    FLORIDANA. 
(Plate  XXV,  fig.  10.) 

Caloptenus  floridianus  THOMAS  !,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  I,  No.  2  (1874),  p.  68. 

Caloptenus  floridanus  GLOVER,  111.  N.A.  Ent.,  Orth.(1874),  pi.  xvn,  fig.  3.— THOMAS, 
Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  I  (1878),  p.  42.— BRUNER,  ibid.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 

Paroxya  allantica  SCUDDER!  (pars)rProc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp. 
29,  88;  (pars),  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.7,  29;  (pars),  Cent.  Orth.  (1879), 
p.  46.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comni.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  61.—  FERXALD.  Orth. 
N.E.  (1888),  p.  34;  Ann.  Rep.  Mass.  Agric.  Coll.,  XXV  (1888),  p.  118.— DAVIS, 
Ent.  Amer.,  V  (1889),  p.  81.— SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  X.  J.  (1890),  p.  412;  Bull.  X.  J. 
Exp.  St.,  K  (1890),  p.  41;  ibid.,  XC  (1892),  pp.  4,  31,  fig.  4g,  pli  i,  2  figs.— 
BRUNER,  Publ.  Nebr.  Acad.  Sc.,  Ill  (1893),  p.  27.— MORSE,  Psyche,  VI  (1893), 
pp.  401-402;  ibid.,  VII  (1894),  p.  105.— GARMAN,  Orth.  Ky.  (1894),  pp.  3,8.— 
BEUTENM^LLER,  Bull.  Anier.  Mus.  Xat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  p.  305,  pi.  vni,  tin.  5. 

Paroxya  recta  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp.  30,  88;  But. 
Notes,  VI  (1878),  pp.  8,  29;  Cent.  Orth.  (1879),  p.  47.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S. 
Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  61.— SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  N.  J.  (1890),  p.  412;  Bull.  N.  J. 
Exp.  St.,  K  (1890),  p.  41 ;  ibid.,  XC  (1892),  pp.  4,  31,  fig.  4h. 

Pezotcttix  atlanticus  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  12. 

Pezotettix  rectm  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  12. 

Paroxya  floridana  SMITH,  Cat.  Ins.  N.  J.  (1890),  p,  412. — BEUTENMULLER,  Bull. 
Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  VI  (1894),  p.  305. 

Olivaceous,  excepting  top  of  head,  thorax,  and  tegmiua,  which  vary 
from  light  to  dark  brown.  Bead  olivaceous  yellow  on  face  and  sides, 

i  Can.  Ent.,  XXIV,  p.  32. 


384  PEOCEEDIXGS  OF  THE  XATIOXAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

in  the  female  more  or  less  infuscated ;  above  the  antennae  brownish 
fuscous,  more  or  less  tinged  with  castaneous;  behind  the  eyes  a  broad, 
straight,  horizontal,  black  band,  edged  more  or  less  distinctly,  both 
above  and  below,  with  yellowish  5  antennae  varying  in  length,  being 
relatively  longer  in  southern  than  in  northern  examples,  but  generally 
about  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  body  in  the  male,  yellow  at  base, 
beyond  testaceous,  deepening  into  fuscous  toward  the  tip,  the  apices 
of  the  joints  normally  pallid.  Upper  surface  of  the  pronotum  of  the 
color  of  the  top  of  the  head,  the  upper  half  of  the  deflected  lobes  with 
a  very  broad  black  band  in  continuation  of  that  on  the  head,  anteriorly 
edged  more  or  less  distinctly,  both  above  and  below,  with  yellowish 
and  generally  fading  out  before,  or  abruptly  terminating  at,  the  meta- 
zona  (in  the  earlier  stages  it  continues  uninterruptedly  across  the  pro- 
notum, and  this  persistence  is  occasionally  shown  in  the  adult,  or  is 
indicated  on  the  metazona  by  a  brown  band  sometimes  percurrent  and 
usually  reduced  in  width);  pleura  with  a  horizontal  stigmatal  stripe 
running  backward  from  the  hinder  edge  of  the  mesothoracic  episterua 
(sometimes  confined  to  the  mesothoracic  epimera),  and  an  oblique  stripe 
nearly  following  the  division  line  between  the  metathoracic  episterua 
and  epimera;  when  the  lower  stripe  is  complete  it  renders  the  meta- 
thoracic episterna  conspicuous,  especially  in  the  male,  on  account  of 
the  cuneiform  oblique  yellow  dash  which  lies  between  these  two  black 
stripes.  Hind  margin  of  pronotum  less  distinctly  angulate — that  is, 
more  uniformly  rounded — than  in  the  other  species,  though  the  differ- 
ence is  but  slight  and  sometimes  disappears.  Tegmina  nearly  uniform 
brownish  fuscous,  often  with  a  faint  line  of  small  fleckings  down  the 
middle  in  the  female.  Legs  of  the  color  of  the  body,  the  middle  and 
hind  femora  generally  more  or  less  infuscated  on  their  outer  face,  the 
upper  half  of  the  geuicular  lobes  of  the  latter  black ;  hind  tibiae  glaucous 
with  black  or  blackish  spines.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  long  triangular 
with  a  broad  mesial  rounded  ridge  extending  two- thirds  its  length,  on 
the  summit  of  which,  in  the  basal  half  of  the  plate,  is  a  very  narrow 
deep  sulcus  which,  after  interruption,  is  repeated  again  in  the  apical 
fourth;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  moderately  long,  moderately 
slender,  cylindrical,  slightly  tapering,  blunt,  adjacent  fingers  (shorter 
thtin  usual  in  the  specimen  figured  and  drawn  too  stout),  often  diver- 
gent; cerci  lamellate,  very  long,  strongly  incurved,  gradually  narrow- 
ing and  then  as  gradually  enlarging,  so  as  to  make  the  spatulate  tip 
nearly  as  broad  as  the  base,  the  apical  margin  rounded  and  subeinar- 
ginate. 

The  tegmina  are  ordinarily  of  about  the  length  of  the  body,  but,  in 
the  South  particularly,  it  often  occurs  with  tegmina  only  reaching  a 
little  beyond  the  middle  of  the  abdomen.  I  have  seen  one  such  from 
Massachusetts;  and  in  a  pair  from  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  in  the  National 
Museum  the  tegmina  are  scarcely  longer  than  the  pronotum  and  sub- 
acuminate  at  tip.  This  form  may  receive  the  racial  name  texana. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  385 

Length  of  body  (in  larger  specimens),  male,  29  mm.,  female,  41  mm.; 
antennae,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  15.5  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  18  mm., 
female,  25.25  mm.;  hind  femora,  male,  15.5  mm.,  female,  21  mm.  The 
average  length  of  New  England  specimens  is:  Male,  21  mm.;  fe- 
male, 31. 

One  hundred  and  thirteen  males,  87  females.  Michigan,  M.  Miles; 
Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  Boll  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 
Fanueil  Station,  Boston,  Massachusetts,  July  22,  26,  August  11  (A.  P. 
Morse);  Newton ville,  Middlesex  County,  Massachusetts,  August  11 
(A.  P.  Morse) ;  Niantic,  New  London  County,  Connecticut,  August  8 
(A.  P.  Morse);  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  S.  I.  Smith;  North  Haven, 
New  Haven  County,  Connecticut,  August  23  (A.  P.  Morse);  Deep 
Eiver,  Middlesex  County,  Connecticut,  August  24  (A.  P.  Morse); 
Stamford,  F  airfield  County,  Connecticut,  August  13-17,  24  (A.  P. 
Morse);  Staten  Island,  New  York,  July  25;  Newark,  Essex  County, 
New  Jersey,  September  13,  C.  G.  Eockwood  (U.S.N.M. — Eiley  col- 
lection); Middle  States,  Baron  Osten  Sacken;  Washington,  D.  C.,  July 
27,  August  23,  28,  September  6  ( U.S.N.M.— Riley  collection);  Vir- 
ginia, September  10,  October  19  (same);  Diego  Bluff,  North  Carolina, 
November  5,  C.  J.  Maynard;  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  August; 
Georgia,  A.  Oemler,  H.  K.  Morrison;  Florida  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  col- 
lection); Enterprise,  Volusia  County,  Florida,  May  15,  E.  A.  Schwarz; 
Fort  Eeed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  May  1,  J.  H.  Comstock;  Baton 
Eouge,  Louisiana,  September  7  (A.  P.  Morse) ;  New  Orleans,  Louisiana, 
June  20,  Shufeldt  (U.S.N.M.— Eiley  collection);  Dallas,  Texas  (same); 
Fort  Worth,  Tarrant  County,  Texas,  May  (same).  Bruner  reports  it 
doubtfully  from  Nebraska. 

Professor  J.  B.  Smith  found  this  insect  injurious  to  cranberries  in 
New  Jersey. 

Mr.  A.  P.  Morse  describes l  a  melanistic  form.  He  found  most  of  his 
New  England  specimens  on  Spartina  and  other  grasses  and  sedges. 
It  is  found  most  abundant  in  wet  localities. 

26.   POECILOTETTIX,   new  genus. 
(IIoiKiXoc,  mottled;  rs'rrzc,  grasshopper.) 

Head  and  body  with  the  general  aspect  of  Melunoplus.  Head  nearly 
vertical,  especially  in  the  female,  the  eyes  moderately  large,  moderately 
prominent  in  the  male,  broad  oval,  not  more  than  half  as  long  again  as 
broad;  antennae  very  little  longer  in  both  sexes  than  head  and  pro- 
notum  together.  Pronotuin  enlarging  very  slightly  posteriorly,  the 
suture  between  prozona  and  metazona  deeply  impressed,  with  rounded 
walls;  the  prozona  scarcely  or  but  little  longer  than  the  metazona, 
coarsely  and  distantly  punctate,  the  transverse  sutures  distinct  and 
rather  heavy,  transversely  broadly  convex  with  no  lateral  carinae;  the 


'  Psyche,  VI,  pp.  401-402. 
Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 25 


386  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

metazona  finely  and  closely  punctate,  slightly  tumid  in  the  female, 
the  angle  of  the  lateral  carinae  well  rounded,  the  posterior  border 
broadly  angulato-convex,  margined ;  median  carina  obsolete  or  sub- 
obsolete  throughout.  Prosternal  spine  slender,  straight,  acuminate; 
meso-  and  metastethia  together  longer  than  broad;  interval  between 
mesothoracic  lobes  distinctly,  generally  very  much,  longer  than  broad, 
generally  broader  in  the  female  than  in  the  male,  the  metasternal  lobes 
subattingent  or  approximate,  the  portion  of  the  metasternum  behind 
the  lobes  small,  hardly  more  than  twice  as  broad  as  long.  Tegmiua 
fully  developed  in  all  known  species,  remarkably  uniform  in  width, 
with  the  costa  very  slightly  expanded  near  the  base,  and  a  strongly 
and  uniformly  rounded  apex.  Hind  femora  moderately  slender,  with 
immaculate  inferior  genicular  lobes,  the  tibiae  with  eight  to  nine  exter- 
nal spines.  Cerci  of  male  extremely  slender  beyond  the  tapering  lami- 
nate base,  thefurcula  subobsolete;  the  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital 
plate  ampliate  at  base  and  the  apex  provided  with  a  distinct  tubercle; 
the  pallium  often  has  a  pyramidal  erection. 

P.  picticornis  (Thomas)  may  be  regarded  as  the  type. 

As  far  as  known,  this  genus  occurs  only  on  the  Pacific  coast,  near 
our  southern  borders.  It  is  remarkable  for  the  tuberculate  abdomen, 
resembling  Helper  otettix,  but  apical  instead  of  subapical,  and  for  the 
sometimes  vivid  and  always  exceptionally  variegated  colorings  of  its 
different  species. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO   THE    SPECIES    OF   PGECILOTETTIX. 

A1.  Antennae  annulate  and  pronotum  and  femora  distinctly  and  distantly  punctate 
with  blackish  fuscous ;  antennae  hardly  attenuate  apically ;  eyes  of  female  anteriorly 
truncate;  apical  tubercle  of  male  abdomen  raised  above  the  level  of  the  sides  of  the 

subgenital  plate 1.  picticornis  (p.  386). 

A2.  Antennae  coucolorous,  distinctly  attenuate  apically:  eyes  of  female  anteriorly 
subtruncate ;  pronotum  and  femora  variegated  with  red  and  brown ;  apical  tubercle 
of  male  abdomen  not  elevated  above  the  sides  of  the  subgenital  plate. 
fe1.  Relatively  stout-bodied,  with  stout  femora;  apex  of  male  abdomen  with  a  bifid 

tubercle 2.  sanguineus  (p.  387). 

ft2.  Relatively  slender-bodied,  with  slender  femora;  apex  of  male  abdomen  with  a 
simple  conical  tubercle 3.  coccinatus  (p.  389). 

i.  POECILOTETTIX   PICTICORNIS. 
(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  1.) 

Caloptenus  (Hesperotettix)  picticornis  THOMAS  !,  Proc.  Dav.  Acad.  So.,  II  (1877), 
p.  125,  pi.  iv,  figs.  1,  2. 

Ground  color  very  uniform  luteo-testaceous,  the  pronotum  and  femora 
slightly  darker  than  the  tegmina  and  feebly  lustrous.  Head  distantly 
and  coarsely  punctate  with  blackish  brown  along  the  carinae  of 
the  face,  the  front  and  inferior  margins  of  the  genae  and  across  the 
labrum;  prouotum  similarly  punctate,  except  upon  the  dorsum  of  the 
metazona  (though  the  puncta  follow  the  posterior  margin),  the  puncta 
transversely  disposed  and  in  the  center  of  the  lateral  lobes  more  or  less 


NO  1124.  RErrsrox  OF  THE  MELANOPLi—scrnnEit.  387 

suffused  and  confluent,  forming  infumate  spots;  and  similar  puncta 
upon  the  thoracic  pleura,  all  the  femora,  and  the  fore  and  middle  tibiae; 
antennae  coarse,  bluntly  terminated,  annulate  with  blackish  brown, 
which  oddly  occurs  at  the  apex  of  one  and  the  base  of  the  succeeding 
joint,  the  incisures  excepted;  frontal  costa  slightly  narrower  than  the 
interspace  between  the  eyes,  uniform  in  width,  deeply  sulcate;  eyes  of 
female  anteriorly  truncate,  not  more  than  half  as  long  again  as  the 
anterior  infraocular  portion  of  the  genae.  Pronotum  most  sparsely 
pilose,  the  metazona  with  exceedingly  delicate  punctuation  and  with  a 
very  feeble  median  cariua,  continued  on  the  prozoua  as  an  impressed 
line  only ;  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle  rather  broadly  rounded. 
Tegmina  subhyaline  on  the  apical  half  or  more,  both  veins  and  cross- 
veins  very  pale  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  nearly  as  long  as  the  teg- 
niina,  of  ample  breadth,  with  pallid  veins  and  cross  veins.  Hind  tibiae 
and  tarsi  luteous,  the  spines  black  tipped,  varying  from  eight  to  nine 
on  the  outer  margin  in  both  sexes.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  triangular, 
rather  elongate,  with  rounded  acute  apex,  the  surface  with  two  high 
and  sharp,  subparallel,  convergent  and  then  divergent,  longitudinal 
ridges,  fading  apically,  including  between  them  a  rather  narrow  and 
very  deep  median  sulcus  extending  the  whole  length  of  the  plate,  but 
shallow  apically;  furcula  consisting  of  two  distinct,  not  large,  adjacent, 
rounded  lobes,  projecting  by  half  their  length;  cerci  moderately  broad 
and  slightly  inflated  at  the  base,  at  once  narrowing,  wholly  on  the 
upper  side,  beyond  straight,  compressed,  equal,  scarcely  incurved, 
about  one- third  the  width  of  the  base,  the  tip  rotmdly  pointed,  reach- 
ing as  far  as  the  tip  of  the  supraaual  plate;  infracercal  plates  concealed 
when  the  cerci  are  recumbent;  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate 
sinuous,  the  apical  tubercle  a  little  elevated,  broad,  subtruncate,  and 
subbitid  as  viewed  posteriorly,  pilose. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  28  mm.;  antennae,  male,  10 
mm.,  female,  11.5  mm.;  tegmina, male,  19.75  mm., female, 23.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  12.75  mm.,  female,  15  mm. 

Two  males,  2  females.  Arizona,  Dunn  (L.  Bruner;  U.S.N.M.— Kiley 
collection).  It  was  originally  described  by  Thomas  from  Arizona.  Pro- 
fessor L.  Bruuer  writes  me  that  he  has  received  the  same  species  from 
Tepic,  Jalisco,  Mexico. 

This  insect  may  be  instantly  distinguished  from  every  other  in  the 
entire  group  of  Melanopli  by  its  peculiar  blackish  punctuation  and  the 
annulate  antennae.  I  had  an  opportunity  of  studying  the  type  many 
years  ago,  and  part  of  the  above  description  is  taken  from  notes  made 
at  the  time. 

2.  POECILOTETTIX  SANGUINEUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XX VI,  fig.  2.) 

Dactylotum  longipennis  BRUNER,  MS.,  fide  TOWXSEND,  Ins.  Life,  VI  (1893),  p.  30— 
undescribed. 

Head  bright  yellow  luteous,  broadly  clouded  above  and  below  and 
especially  below  with  plumbeo-fuscous  and  somewhat  irregularly  enliv- 


388  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

enecl  with  crimson  at  various  points,  especially  along-  the  cariuae,  upon 
either  side  of  the  labrum,  along  the  clypeal  suture  and  the  margins  of 
the  genae,  besides  a  mediodorsal  stripe  on  the  vertex,  and  sometimes  an 
oblique  genal  streak,  and  touches  behind  the  eyes;  eyes  of  female  sub- 
truncate  anteriorly,  the  lower  portion  of  their  front  with  a  distinct  pos- 
terior curve;  antennae  rather  slender,  apical ly  acuminate,  dark  fusco- 
plumbeous.  Pronotum  most  sparsely  pilose,  light  olivaceo-fuscousr 
the  sulci  marked  with  blackish  fuscous,  a  mediodorsal  crimson  stripe, 
and  crimson  margining  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  metazonn,  broadly 
behind,  narrowly  beneath,  besides  touches  in  the  center  of  an  olivaceous 
patch  in  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona  and  along 
the  front  margin  of  the  same;  metazona  with  crowded  fine  punctuation 
and  a  slight  median  carina,  the  hind  margin  obtusangulate,  the  angle 
rounded.  Tegmina  far  surpassing  the  abdomen,  rather  slender,  hyaline 
on  much  more  than  the  distal  half,  the  veins  pea-green ;  wings  nearly  as 
long  as  the  tegmiua,  with  ample  breadth,  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  glau- 
cous. Fore  and  middle  femora  yellow  luteous,  longitudinally  and  nar- 
rowly striped  with  fuscous ;  hind  femora  yellow  luteous,  the  outer  face 
and  especially  its  lower  half,  excepting  a  pregenicular  band,  plumbeo- 
fuscous,  the  upper  face  crossed  by  four  plumbeo-fuscous  bands — a  basal 
more  or  less  obsolete,  an  apical  covering  the  geuiculation,  and  two 
between;  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  glaucous,  the  spines  pallid  glaucous  with 
black  tips,  eight  in  number  in  both  sexes.  Abdomen  olivaceo  fuscous, 
above,  bright  yellow  beneath,  the  lower  margins  of  the  dorsal  plates 
and  the  dorsal  carina  marked  with  carmine;  supraanal  plate  of  male 
triangular  with  bluntly  pointed  apex,  the  surface  with  two  rather  dis- 
tant, parallel,  longitudinal,  somewhat  elevated  but  not  very  sharp 
ridges,  extending  over  the  basal  two  thirds  of  the  plate,  inclosing^ 
between  them  a  rather  broad,  subequal,  moderately  deep  sulcus  which 
does  not  continue  to  the  apex ;  furcula  consisting  of  two  closely  approxi- 
mated, rounded,  little  projecting  lobes  lying  over  the  sulcus;  cerci 
moderately  broad  and  laminate  at  base,  rapidly  tapering  on  basal  half, 
largely  by  the  excision  of  the  upper  margin,  the  apical  half  or  more  sub- 
cylindrical,  very  slender,  equal,  terminating  bluntly,  gently  incurved; 
infracercal  plates  concealed  by  the  recumbent  cerci;  lateral  margins  of 
the  subgenital  plate  straight  beyond  the  ampliate  bases,  the  apical 
tubercle  not  elevated  above  its  level,  rather  slight,  bifid. 

Length  of  body,  male,  21  mm.,  female,  2G  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.75 
mm.,  female,  9  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  18.25  mm.,  female,  24.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  13.5  mm. 

One  male,  1  female.  Bradshaw  Mountain,  Arizona,  June  21,  A.  B, 
Cordley  (L.  Bruner). 

The  bright  coloring  of  this  species  recalls  that  of  Dactylotum.  Pro- 
fessor Bruner  informs  me  that  this  was  the  species  referred  to  by 
Townsend  in  Insect  Life  (VI,  p.  30)  as  found  at  Hance's  in  the  Grand 
Canon  of  the  Colorado,  3,000  to  5,000  feet  below  the  rim.  As  all  the 


no.  1124.  KEVISWX  01-    T11K  MELAynPLI—SCUDDER.  3<S9 

species  of  the  present  genus  have  similarly  long  wings,  I  have  not 
retained  the  manuscript  name  of  Brunei*,  given  by  him  to  distinguish 
it  from  the  species  of  Dactylotum  which  have  short  wings. 

3.  POECILOTETTIX   COCCINATUS,  new  species. 
(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  3.) 

Head  brighter  or  duller  yellow,  more  or  less  infumated,  especially  on 
the  lower  half,  but  enlivened  with  crimson  more  or  less  distinctly  (but 
not  so  conspicuously)  as  in  P.  sanguineus  and  at  somewhat  similar 
points,  but  especially  on  the  fastigium,  tlje  sides  of  the  labrum,  the 
clypeal  suture,  and  the  lateral  carinae  of  the  face,  besides  the  medio- 
dorsal  stripe  of  the  vertex;  eyes  of  female  as  in  P.  sanguineus;  antennae 
apically  acuminate,  greenish  plumbeous,  the  basal  joints  pale.  Prono- 
tuin  most  sparingly  pilose,  olivaceo-fuscous  with  shades  varying  from 
olivaceous  to  fuscous,  the  latter  more  pronounced  on  the  front  part  of 
the  metazona  and  the  dorsum  of  the  prozona,  except  an  olivaceous, 
continuous,  mediodorsal  stripe,  more  or  less  conspicuously  marked  with 
a  crimson  thread;  crimson  also  margins  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  meta- 
zona and  appears  more  or  less  distinctly  on  the  upper  half  of  the  lateral 
lobes  of  the  prozona;  the  transverse  sulci  of  the  disk  are  only  slightly 
darker  than  the  ground;  metazona  with  crowded  fine  punctuation  and 
a  slight  median  carina,  the  hind  margin  strongly  convex,  hardly  angu- 
late.  Tegmina  slender,  far  surpassing  the  abdomen,  hyaline  on  more 
than  the  apical  half,  the  veins  yellow;  wings  nearly  as  long  as  the  teg- 
mina,  greenish  hyaline,  the  veins  of  the  upper  half  fuscous  or  greenish 
fuscous,  of  the  lower  half  and  most  of  the  cross  veins  glaucous.  Fore 
and  middle  femora  luteous,  clouded  with  fuscous;  hind  femora  luteous, 
the  outer  face  infuscated  and  the  upper  area  alternately  pale  fuscous 
and  luteous  or  carmine;  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  glaucous,  the  spines  glau- 
cous or  pallid  with  black  tips,  seven  to  eight  on  the  outer  row  in  the 
female,  eight  in  the  male.  Abdomen  light  fuscous  with  dull  luteous 
areas,  but  no  enlivennient  with  brighter  colors;  supraanal  plate  of 
male  triangular,  elongate,  the  apex  acute;  surface  with  two  parallel, 
not  distant,  sharply  elevated  ridges  which  extend,  diminishing  pos- 
teriorly, nearly  or  quite  the  length  of  the  plate,  including  between  them 
a  rather  narrow  and  deep  narrowing  sulcus;  furcula  consisting  of  only 
a  slight  thickening  of  the  posterior  edge  of  the  last  dorsal  segment 
above  the  two  ridges  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  not  very  broad  at 
extreme  base,  rapidly  and  regularly  tapering  in  the  basal  third,  the 
remainder  very  slender,  equal  or  barely  expanded  at  the  blunt 
extremity;  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  straight  on  the 
apical  half,  the  apical  tubercle  not  rising  above  their  level  but  having 
the  same  direction,  conical,  simple. 

Length  of  body,  male,  20  mm.,  female,  30  mm.;  antennae,  male,  7.5 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  19  mm.,  female,  24.5  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10  mm.,  female,  14  mm. 


390  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MrSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

One  male,  3  females.  Los  Angeles,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.K.M. — 
Biley  collection). 

This  species  closely  resembles  the  preceding,  but  is  rather  slenderer, 
especially  the  male,  with  less  pronounced  crimson  markings,  besides 
the  differences  noted  in  the  table. 

27.  OEDALEONOTUS,  new  genus. 
(OtdaXeoS,  swollen;  r&jroS,  back.) 

Body  stout,  heavy  and  clumsy.  Head  large  and  full,  the  vertex  well 
arched,  raised  considerably  above  the  level  of  the  prothorax,  the  fas- 
tigium  broad,  broadly  and  shallowly  sulcate  and  considerably  declivent, 
the  eyes  separated  rather  widely;  face  nearly  vertical:  frontal  eosta- 
very  broad,  subequal,  nearly  plane,  percurrent  but  sometimes  obscure 
basally;  eyes  rather  large,  not  very  prominent,  broadly  ovate,  with  a 
slight  production  above  anteriorly;  antennae  not  slender,  uniform,, 
slightly  longer  (male)  or  slightly  shorter  (female)  than  head  and  pronotum 
together.  Pronotum  short  and  stout,  enlarging  posteriorly  only  by  the 
slight  flare  of  the  metazoua,  with  vertical  though  slightly  tumid  lateral 
lobes,  more  or  less  flaring  on  the  metazona  below,  separated  from  the 
dorsum  by  more  or  less  pronounced,  coarse,  rounded  rugae,  generally 
interrupted  on  the  posterior  portion  of  the  prozona,  the  median  carina 
interrupted  between  the  sulci;  disk  of  prozona  distinctly  tutnid,  but 
little  longer  than  the  metazona,  from  which  it  is  separated  by  a  very 
deep  sulcus,  its  own  posterior  transverse  sulci  deeply  impressed,, 
approximate,  and  subparallel,  the  anterior  submarginal  sulcus  also  very 
distinct,  the  margin  being  elevated  to  receive  the  head ;  metazona  plane, 
punctato-rugulose,  very  obtusely  augulate  behind,  the  border  inargi- 
nate.  Prosternal  spine  short,  conical,  blunt;  ineso-  and  metastethia 
together  distinctly  longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes,  the  mesosternal 
lobes  a  little  longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes,  the  metasternal  lobes 
subattingent  in  the  male,  slightly  distant  in  the  female,  the  space 
behind  the  latter  laterally  elongate,  extending  forward  to  the  coxae. 
Tegmina  fully  developed  or  abbreviate,  rarely  shorter  than  the  prono- 
tum and  then  but  slightly.  Hind  femora  stout,  heavy,  and  tumid,  the 
inferior  genicular  lobe  pallid,  immaculate.  Abdomen  of  female  with 
abbreviated  terminal  segments  (recalling  Bradynotes)  and  partially 
exserted  ovipositor;  of  male  not  enlarged  at  the  extremity  and  scarcely 
elevated,  terminating  roundly  and  bluntly,  the  last  ventral  segment  (in 
advance  of  the  subgenital  plate)  scarcely  longer  than  the  penultimate  j 
subgeiiital  plate  of  male  very  brief  and  subequal,  its  lateral  margins 
distinctly  ampliate  at  the  base  and  entire  apically,  with  no  tubercle; 
cerci  tumid  and  enlarged  at  base,  suddenly  contracted,  and  terminating 
in  a  slender  posterior  process. 

This  genus  is  quickly  separated  from  those  in  its  immediate  vicinity 
by  the  tumidity  of  the  prozona,  and  the  clumsy  form,  which  give  it  a 
very  distinct  appearance. 


NO.H24.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  391 


I  know  of  but  a  single  species,  which  inhabits  the  Pacific  coast  from 
Canada  to  Mexico,  and  which  assumes  three  forms  according  to  the 
length  of  the  organs  of  flight,  that  with  the  organs  fully  developed 
being  thus  far  known  only  from  southern  California,  from  the  head  of 
the  San  Joaquiu  Valley  to  San  Diego.  It  is  distinguished  from  the 
others  not  only  by  the  development  of  these  organs,  but  by  a  slightly 
slenderer  body,  the  grossness  of  the  others  seeming  to  be  correlated 
with  their  incapacity  of  flight. 

OEDALEONOTUS   ENIGMA. 
(Plate  XX VI,  figs.  4-6.) 

Melanoplus  coUaris  SCUDDER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XII  (1880),  p.  75. 
3Ie,lano2)lns  flai'oannitlatus  BRUNKR,  Ins.  Life,  III  (1890),  p.  140. 
Pezotettix  enigma  BRUNER,   Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric.,  XXVIII  (1893), 
pp.  33-34,  fig.  17. 

OEDALEONOTUS  ENIGMA  COLLAEIS. 

(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  6.) 

Melanoplns  collaris  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Boat.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1878),  p.  286; 

Eiit.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  45.— BRUNER,  Eep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  60. 
Caloptenus  Jiavolineatus  BRUNER  (nee  THOMAS),  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep.  Agric., 

XXVIII  (1893),  p.  33. 

OEDALEONOTUS  ENIGMA  ENIGMA. 
(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  5.) 

Pezotettix  enigma  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1876),  p.  505;  Ann.  Rep. 
Geol.  Surv.  100th  Mer.,  1876  (1876),  p.  285;  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX 
(18?8),  p.  287 ;  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  46.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm., 
Ill  (1883),  p.  59;  Can.  Entv  XVII  (1885),  p.  15;  Bull.  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dep. 
Agric.,  XXVII  (1892),  p.  29. 

OEDALEONOTUS  ENIGMA  JUCUNDUS. 
(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  4.) 

Pezotettix  jucundus  SCUDDER!,  Ann.  Rep.  Chief  Eng.,  1876  (1876),  p.  505;  Ann. 
Rep.  Geol.  Surv.  100th  Mer.,  1876  (1876),  p.  285.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent. 
Comm.,  111(1883),  p.  59. 

Body  yellowish  testaceous  marked  with  brownish  fuscous.  Head 
above,  behind  the  narrowest  part  of  the  vertex,  marked  with  an 
elongated,  expanding,  blackish  fuscous  stripe,  through  the  middle  of 
which  runs  a  yellow  line,  and  by  a  supraorbital  arcuate  band  of  a  simi- 
lar color,  usually  broken,  often  obsolete,  and  terminating  just  below 
a  narrow  short  yellow  stripe  behind  the  upper  part  of  the  eye;  space 
between  the  eyes  rather  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastigium 
broadening  considerably  in  front  of  the  eyes  and  broadly  sulcate 
throughout ;  frontal  costa  broad  and  nearly  equal,  broadest  just  above 
the  ocellus,  rather  sparsely  punctate,  and  at  the  ocellus  very  shallowly 
sulcate,  often  nearly  imperceptible.  Pronotum  short  and  rather  stout, 


392  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

the  anterior  and  posterior  halves  of  the  lateral  lobes  nearly  symmetri- 
cal ;  disk  obscured  with  fuscous  or  dark  brown,  with  equal  sides ;  the 
median  carina,  which  is  marked  with  dark  brown  and  is  distinct 
though  slight  on  the  inetazona,  is  obsolete  on  the  prozona,  represented 
only  by  the  dark  line,  sometimes  faintly  impressed ;  lateral  carinae  very 
obscure,  converging  anteriorly,  and  distinguished  by  a  narrow,  dull 
yellow  stripe,  the  rest  of  the  disk  and  the  upper  part  of  the  lateral  lobes 
being  obscurely  marked  with  dusky  brown,  which  on  the  lateral  lobes  is 
darkest  in  the  sulci;  a  distinct  longitudinal  sulcus,  more  distinct  for  its 
deeper  color,  unites  thetwopercurrent  sulci  of  the  lateral  lobes  in  the  mid- 
dle ;  anterior  margin  of  the  prozona  marked  by  a  submarginal  continuous 
sulcus,  distinct  only  on  the  lateral  lobes  5  posterior  border  of  the  meta- 
zona  very  broadly  rounded  or  subaugulate.  Prosternal  spine  straight, 
rather  slender,  subconical,  bluntly  pointed.  Teginina  subovate,  slightly 
longer  than  the  pronotum  in  the  form  jucundus,  fully  half  as  long  as  the 
abdomen  in  the  form  enigma,  fully  as  long  as  and  generally  much  longer 
than  the  abdomen  in  the  form  collaris,  brownish  fuscous,  the  longitudi- 
nal veins  mostly  yellowish,  and  flecked,  principally  along  the  median 
area  but  also  without  it,  with  longitudinal  series  of  subquadrate,  black- 
ish fuscou*  spots,  the  apex  subacuminate  when  abbreviate,  well  rounded 
when  fully  developed ;  wings  pellucid  with  fuscous  veins.  Pleura  with 
an  oblique,  bright  yellow  stripe,  edged  with  black  above  the  hind  coxae. 
Hind  femora  luteous,  the  outer  and  in  part  the  upper  face  marked  by 
a  large,  apical,  yellowish-brown  spot,  a  very  broad,  an gulate,  transverse 
median  band  of  the  same  color,  and  a  similar  basal  band,  sometimes 
obsolete  or  obsolescent,  on  tne  lower  half;  outer  arc  of  upper  genicular 
lobes  black;  tibiae  glaucous,  yellow  on  the  sides  and  at  extreme  base, 
the  apical  half  of  the  spines  black;  arolium  either  quadrate,  rather 
narrow,  longer  than  the  claws  (male)  or  obpyriform,  small,  but  little 
more  than  half  as  long  as  the  claws  (female).  Abdomen  yellow,  the 
sides  chafed  by  the  femora  dark  fuscous ;  supraanal  plate  of  male  rather 
short  triangular,  the  sides  feebly  sinuate,  the  apex  acute,  the  surface 
marked  by  a  pair  of  deep  and  broad  converging  sulci,  lying  between 
the  lateral  margins  and  the  thereto  parallel,  elevated  and  rather  sharp 
ridges,  which  inclose  a  deep,  triangular,  basal  sulcus;  a  slender  deli- 
cate median  sulcus  on  apical  half;  cerci  very  broadly  expanded  and 
bullate  at  the  base,  tapering  rapidly  and  regularly  just  beyond  the 
middle,  beyond  less  rapidly,  forming  a  delicate,  slender,  but  bluntly 
pointed  tip,  slightly  hooked  downward  and  feebly  incurved. 

Length  of  body,  male,  25  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  8.5  mm. ;  teginina,  male,  21.5  mm.,  female,  23  mm. ;  hind  femora, 
male,  14  mm.,  female,  16  mm.  These  measurements  are  taken  from  the 
form  collar  is. 

Seventy  one  males,  78  females.  Boise  City,  Ada  County,  Idaho  (U.S. 
N.M.);  Washington,  Morrison  (U.S.N.M. ;  S.  Henshaw)  La  Chappies, 
Yakima  County,  Washington,  July  1C  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology); 


NO.  1124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPL I—SC  UDDER.  3  < )  3 


Lone  Tree,  Yakima  River,  Washington,  July  18  (same) ;  Spokane,  Wash- 
ington, July  21-22  (same);  Loon  Lake,  Oolville  Valley,  Washington, 
July  25  (same);  Umatilla,  Oregon,  June  24,  27  (same);  The  Dalles, 
Wasco  County,  Oregon,  H.  Edwards;  The  Dalles,  Oregon,  June  23, 
Henshaw  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology);  California,  Burrison  (S. 
Henshaw):  Fort  Reading,  Shasta  Valley,  California,  Lieutenant  Wil- 
liamson; Walker  Basin,  Siskiyou  County,  California,  July  15,  A.  K. 
Fisher  (U.S.N.M.);  Tehama  County,  California,  Coquillett  (same); 
Agua  Oaliente,  Sonoma  County,  California,  E.  Palmer;  Sacramento 
County,  California,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.);  Atwater,  Merced  County, 
California,  July  29,  Coquillett  (same) ;  Tipton,  Tulare  County,  California 
Orotch  (Museum  Comparative  Zoology;  S.  H.  Scudder);  Santa  Bar- 
bara, California,  July  1,  H.  W  Henshaw,  C.  J.  Shoemaker;  San  Buena- 
ventura, Santa  Barbara  County,  California,  August  18  (U.S.N.M.); 
Mohave  River,  California,  O.  Loew;  Los  Angeles,  California,  July,  C.  J. 
Shoemaker;  Los  Angeles  County,  California,  May,  June,  and  in  coitu 
September,  Coquillett  (U.S.N.M.) ;  Los  Angeles,  California  (L.  Bruner) ; 
San  Bernardino  County,  California,  May,  in  coitu  (U.S.N.M.);  San  Diego 
County,  California  (E.  Palmer;  U.S.K.M.);  Tighes  Station,  San  Diego 
County,  California,  E.  Palmer. 

Bruner  reports  the  species  also  from  Nevada  and  Arizona. 

Palmer  found  this  species  on  grassy  slopes,  beside  brooks. 

The  form  enigma  appears  to  be  the  only  one  found  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  range  of  the  species  north  of  central  Caliibrnia,  and  the 
form  collaris  is  rarely  met  with  anywhere. 

The  different  forms  have  not  been  taken  in  coitu  with  each  other,  so 
far  as  I  know.  The  form  jucundus  besides  having  very  short  tegmina, 
is  noticeably  smaller  than  the  others. 

I  can  scarcely  think  the  form  collaris  to  be  the  insect  described  by 
Thomas  as  Caleoptenus  [sic]  flavolineatus,1  as  Bruner  has  supposed. 
Thomas's  description  very  poorly  fits  it;  he  makes  no  mention  of  the 
tumid  prozona,  and  he  states,  both  here  and  subsequently,2  that  it 
closely  resembles  Melanophis  spretus,  and  that  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  subgenital  plate  of  the  male  is  notched,  whereas  its  general  appear- 
ance is  very  different  indeed  from  M.  spretus;  so  much  so  that  it  can 
hardly  be  believed  that  anyone  would  select  it  for  comparison ;  nor  has 
the  apical  margin  of  the  subgenital  plate  the  faintest  sign  of  any 
emargiuation.  Thomas's  specimen  was  derived  from  Crotch's  collection 
in  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology;  Crotch  collected  Oedaleonotus 
enigma  collaris  in  central,  not  southern,  California,  whereas  Thomas 
gave  his  C.  Jtavolineatus  from  southern  California.  Thomas's  description 
does  not  at  all  fit  any  species  from  southern  California  which  has  come 
under  my  notice,  and  until  such  a  form  occurs  his  name  should  go  for 
nothing — at  least  until  the  Acridian  fauna  of  that  region  is  fairly  well 
known. 

1  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  I,  No.  2,  p.  68. 
*  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coram.,  I,  p.  43. 


394  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 

28.  ASEMOPLUS,  new  genus. 
$,  without  device;  O7t/\.a,  armor.) 


Body  resembling  Conalcaea  iu  general  appearance,  rather  slender, 
compressed  cylindrical,  feebly  and  sparsely  pilose.  Head  moderately 
large,  not  prominent,  with  feebly  tumescent  genae,  the  vertex  well 
arched,  raised  but  little  above  the  general  level  of  the  pronotum,  the 
fastigium  rapidly  descending,  the  face  rounded  and  a  little  retreating  ; 
eyes  separated  widely,  the  fastigium  depressed  only  between  them  and 
very  feebly,  passing  insensibly  into  the  broad  and  equal  frontal  costa, 
which  is  yet  narrower  than  the  interspace  between  the  eyes,  rounded, 
fading  below  the  ocellus;  eyes  large,  moderately  prominent,  very  broad 
oval,  the  front  border  subtruncate,  half  as  long  again  as  the  anterior 
infraocular  portion  of  the  geuae  ;  antennae  very  slender,  longer  than  the 
head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  short,  subequal,  the  metazona 
flaring  somewhat,  transversely  convex,  the  disk  passing  insensibly  into 
the  subvertical  lateral  lobes,  with  no  sign  of  lateral  carinae,  the  median 
carina  slight  and  occurring  only  on  the  metazona;  fore  and  hind  mar- 
gins both  truncate,  the  latter  feebly  and  broadly  emarginate;  prozona 
coarsely  and  sparsely  punctate,  transverse,  almost  twice  as  long  as  the 
finely  and  densely  punctate  metazona,  the  transverse  sulci  of  the  former 
distinct,  the  postmedian  more  or  less  sinuate.  Prosternal  spine  erect, 
stout,  subconical;  meso-  and  metastethia  together  distinctly  (male) 
or  slightly  (female)  longer  than  broad,  the  interval  between  the  meso- 
sternal  lobes  quadrate  (male)  or  transverse  and  as  broad  as  the  lobes 
(female);  metasternal  lobes  rather  (male)  or  distinctly  (female)  distant, 
but  in  neither  case  more  distant  than  the  width  of  the  frontal  costa,  the 
portion  of  the  thorax  behind  the  metasternal  lobes  only  a  little  more 
than  half  as  broad  as  the  inetasternuin,  but  more  than  twice  as  broad 
as  long.  Teginiua  linear,  lateral,  shorter  than  the  pronotum.  Hind 
femora  not  very  long,  but  slender,  the  inferior  geuicular  lobe  pallid  and 
immaculate,  the  hind  tibiae  with  ten  to  twelve  spines  in  the  outer 
series.  Abdomen  of  male  feebly  clavate  apically  and  somewhat  up- 
turned, the  lateral  margins  of  the  subgenital  plate  strongly  ampliate 
at  base,  apically  produced  and  acutangulate,  but  with  no  tubercle; 
cerci  substyliform  ;  abdomen  of  female  tapering  regularly  to  a  pointed 
tip,  the  ovipositor  normally  exserted. 

This  genus  is  represented  by  a  single  species,  found  only  in  the 
extreme  northwestern  United  States. 

ASEMOPLUS  MONTANUS. 

(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  7.) 
Bradynotes  montanus  BRUNER!,  Can.  Ent.,  XVII  (1885),  pp.  16-17. 

Body  very  dark  i  eddish  brown,  marked  with  black  and  testaceous, 
beneath  luteous.  Head  olivaceo-luteous,  infumated,  above  and  on  the 


NO.  1 124.  EE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA NOPL I—SC  TD DER.  395 

posterior  parts  of  the  genae  above  the  lower  level  of  the  eyes  dark 
reddish  brown,  with  a  mediodorsal  thread  of  testaceous,  and  another 
behind  the  middle  of  the  upper  half  of  the  eyes;  whole  face  and  espe- 
cially frontal  costa  punctate ;  antennae  ferruginous,  apically  infuscated 
Prouotuin  with  the  metazona  ferrugiueo-testaceous,  the  prozona  very 
dark  reddish  brown,  the  upper  two-thirds  of  the  lateral  lobes  piceous 
or  plumbeo-piceous,  sometimes  merely  dull  piceous,  with  black  sulci, 
the  lower  portion  of  the  lobes  including  the  metazona  luteous,  fadiug 
upward  gradually  on  the  metazona.  Mesonotum,  metanotum,  and 
abdomen  dark  reddish  brown,  with  a  sometimes  obsolete,  slender,  flavo- 
testaceous  or  ferrugineo-testaceous  dorsal  stripe  edged  with  black, 
which  in  some  cases  reappears  on  the  prozona  of  the  pronotum.  Teg- 
miua  about  as  long  as  the  prozona,1  subequal,  three  or  four  times  as 
long  as  broad  and  well  rounded  at  tip,  fusco-testaceous,  lighter  along 
the  inner  (upper)  margin.  Legs  luteous,  more  or  less  heavily  tinged 
with  ferruginous  along  the  upper  surface,  the  hind  femora  more  than 
the  anterior  pairs,  the  carinae  being  often  more  or  less  heavily  marked 
with  black,  the  genicular  arc  black;  hind  tibiae  very  feebly  incurved, 
yellow  luteous,  the  spines  black-tipped.  Supraanal  plate  of  male  trian- 
gular with  slightly  rounded  sides,  the  tip  well  rounded,  with  a  deep 
basal  median  sulcus,  half  as  long  as  the  plate  and  bounded  by  rather 
high  ridges,  which  after  uniting  in  the  middle  again  part  slightly  and 
run  parallel  to  the  apex,  leaving  a  slight  sulcus  between  them;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  slightly  separated  minute  triangular  lobes;  cerci 
slender,  slightly  compressed,  tapering  gently  on  basal  half,  beyond 
very  slender,  subcylindrical,  scarcely  tapering,  acuminate,  and  curved 
downward  (the  latter  feature  not  shown  in  the  figure);  infracercal 
plates  rather  short,  rounded,  concealed  by  the  recumbent  cerci. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female  19.5  mm.;  antennae, male,  6.75 
mm.,  female,  6  mm.;  tegmina,  male  and  female,  3  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  8.75  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Seven  males,  7  females.  Montana,  L.  Bruner  (L.  Bruner;  S.  H. 
Scudder;  U.S.N.M.— Kiley  collection);  Loon  Lake,  Oolville  Valley, 
northeastern  Washington,  July  23-25,  S.  Henshaw( Museum  Compara- 
tive Zoology). 

Bruner  states  that  the  Montana  specimens  were  taken  near  Helena 
" among  the  trailing  junipers  on  north  mountain  slopes,  at  moderate 
elevations."  He  also  states  that  the  colors  of  the  living  insect  are 
much  more  vivid  than  in  cabinet  specimens.  "  The  yellowish  hair- 
lines and  dorsal  line  of  the  abdomen  are  glossy  white,  while  the  front 
and  lower  surface  are  of  a  bright  lemon  yellow;  the  brown  is  a  bright 
hazel." 

In  some  specimens,  especially  of  the  female,  the  pronotum  is  crossed 
by  a  narrow  testaceous  stripe  which  cuts  the  darker  markings,  running 


Bruner  states  that  the  tegmina  are  sometimes  absent,  but  I  think  only  from  indi- 
Tiduals  that  have  lost  them  by  accident.  I  have  seen  only  one  in  which  they  were 
lost  from  both  sides;  several  iu  which  they  have  been  lost  from  one  side. 


396  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


obliquely  upward  from  the  lower  level  of  the  eye  toward  the  upper  pos- 
terior limit  of  the  lateral  lobes  of  the  prozona,  usually  narrowing  as  it 
goes. 

29.  PHILOCLEON,  new  genus. 

(3>iXoKh.£Gov,  a  character  in  Aristophanes  "Wasps,"  who  ends  the  play  in  a  leaping 

dance.1) 

Body  closely  resembling  that  of  Podisma,  compressed  cylindrical, 
not  very  slender,  rather  thinly  pilose  throughout  with  rather  long  deli- 
cate hairs.  Head  moderately  large,  feebly  prominent,  the  genae  not 
tumescent,  the  vertex  well  arched  but  only  slightly  elevated  above  the 
pronotum;  fastigium  sulcate  and  declivent,  passing  insensibly  into  the 
straight  and  little  prominent  frontal  costa,  the  face  retreating  but  little; 
eyes  rather  widely  separated,  moderate  in  size,  rather  prominent,  broad 
oval,  the  front  margin  subtruncate  (female)  or  feebly  convex  (male),  not 
more  than  half  as  long  again  as  broad,  produced  neither  above  nor 
below;  antennae  slender,  much  longer  than  (male)  or  as  long  as  (female) 
the  head  and  pronotum  together.  Pronotum  short,  compressed  cylin- 
drical, with  no  trace  of  lateral  cariuae  and  very  feeble  median  carina, 
both  front  and  hind  margins  truncate;  prozona  sparsely  and  feebly, 
metazona  more  closely  but  not  densely  punctate,  the  transverse  sulci 
moderate.  Prosternal  spine  short,  conical;  meso-  and  metastethia 
together  much  longer  than  broad  in  both  sexes,  the  latter  narrowing 
rapidly  behind,  so  that  the  portion  behind  the  lobes  is  only  (male)  or 
scarcely  more  than  (female)  half  as  broad  as  the  metasthethiuin;  inter- 
space between  the  mesostemal  lobes  longer  than  broad  (male)  or  sub- 
quadrate  (female),  the  metasternal  lobes  attingent  or  subattingeut 
(male)  or  approximate,  the  interspace  narrower  than  the  frontal  costa 
{female).  Tegmiua  wanting.  Hind  femora  moderately  stout,  the 
inferior  genicular  lobe  pallid  except  at  extreme  base,  the  hind  tibiae  with 
nine  to  eleven  spines  in  the  outer  series.  Sides  of  the  first  abdominal 
segment  with  no  tympanum,  the  extremity  in  the  male  clavate,  the  sub- 
genital  plate  with  no  apical  tubercle,  its  lateral  margins  abruptly  and 
considerably  arapliate  at  the  base;  cerci  lamellate,  narrow  beyond  the 
rather  broad  base  and  incurved.  Abdomen  of  female  regularly  taper- 
ing, the  ovipositor  normally  exserted. 

The  genus  is  represented  by  a  single  Mexican  species,  originally 
described  as  Pezotettix  nigrovittatus  Stal. 

PHILOCLEON    NIGROVITTATUS. 

(Plate  XXVI,  figs.  8, 9.) 

Pezotettix  nigrovittatm  STAL,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Haiidl.,  Ill,  No.   14  (1875), 

p.  32;  ibid,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  p.  15. 
Pezotettix  apterus  BRUNER!,  MS. 

Flavo-testaceous,  heavily  variegated  with  black  and  red,  pilose. 
Head  fusco-olivaceous,  darker  in  the  male  than  in  the  female,  above 

1  "For  now  in  these  sinewy  joints  of  ours 
The  cup-like  socket  is  twirled  about." 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SC  UDDER.  397 


with  a  median  black   stripe  and  a  broad  postocular  piceous  band 
broadly  margined  with  flavo-testaceous;  vertex  well  arched,  slightly 
or  not  elevated  above  the  pronotum,  the  interspace  between  the  eyes  a 
little  broader  than  (male)  or  fully  twice  as  broad  as  (female)  the  first 
antenna!  joint;  fastigium  considerably  declivent,  rather  deeply  sulcate; 
frontal  costa  almost  percurrent,  equal,  about  as  broad  as  (male)  or 
distinctly  narrower  than  (female)  the  interspace  between  the  eyes, 
strongly  sulcate  throughout,  sparsely  punctate;  eyes  moderate  in  size, 
prominent  particularly  in  the  male,  much  longer  than  the  infraocular 
portion  of  the  genae;  antennae  pale  red,  feebly  infuscated  apically, 
fully  four-fifths  (male)   or  about  two-thirds  (female)  as  long  as  the 
hind  femora.     Pronotum  short,  subcylindrical,  a  little  compressed,  in 
the  female  feebly  and  regularly  enlarging  posteriorly,  in  the  male 
equal  on    the    prozona   and   faintly    flaring    on   the    metazona,   the 
disk  in  both  sexes  transversely  convex  and  passing  quite  insensibly 
into  the  vertical  lateral  lobes;  the  ground    color   of  the  prouotum 
is  flavo-testaceous,  but  it  is  heavily  overlaid  with   black  somewhat 
irregularly,  which    however    forms    a    broad    dorsal    band   (divided 
in  the  female  by  a  mediodorsal  flavous  stripe)  crossing  the  prozona 
only,  and  very  broad  piceous  (male)  or  brownish   fuscous   (female) 
postocular  bands  crossing  the  whole  pronotum,  broken  to  some  extent, 
and  especially  posteriorly  divided   by  a  flavo-testaceous,  posteriorly 
flavous,  longitudinal  stripe  running  through   its  upper  portion;  the 
transverse  sulci  are  also  marked  in  black  and  the  lower  margins  of  the 
lobes  are  broadly  bordered  with  blackish  fuscous;  the  disk  of  the 
metazona  is  ferruginous  or  rufous,  more  or  less  iufuscated  laterally; 
median  carina  obsolete;  front  margin  truncate  (male)  or  gently  and 
mesially  arcuate  (female),  hind  margin  truncate;  prozona  very  sparsely 
punctate,  subquadrate,  only  a  third  longer  (the  principal  sulcus  arcuate, 
opening  backward)  than  the  finely  punctate  metazona.      Prosternal 
spine  short,  conical,  blunt;  interspace  between  mesosternal  lobes  half 
as  long  again  as  broad  (male)  or  a  little  broader  than  long  (female). 
Tegmina  wanting.    Fore  and  middle  femora  considerably  swollen  in  the 
male,  ferrugineo  flavous ;  hind  femora  varying  from  flavo-testaceous  to 
ferruginous  and  very  broadly  bifasciate  with  black,  the  fasciations  so 
confused  on  the  outer  face,  especially  in  the  female,  that  this  often 
becomes  wholly  black  with  more  or  less  pronounced  flavous  incisures, 
the  lower  margin  of  the  outer  face  flavous,  sometimes  linearly  dotted 
with  black,  the  lower  face  more  or  less  sanguineous,  the  sides  of  the 
geniculation  black  except  the  flavous  apical  portion  of  the  lower  genic- 
ular  lobe;  hind  tibiae  more  or  less  feebly  incurved  apically,  fusco-glau- 
cous  with  a  black  patellar  annulus,  the  spines  black  in  their  apical  half, 
ten,  rarely  nine  or  eleven,  in  number  in  the  outer  series.     Abdomen  with 
meso-  and  metathorax  dull  flavo-testaceous,  heavily  overlaid  with  black 
in  more  or  less  broken  continuation  of  the  pronotal  stripes  and  bands,  the 
slender  mediodorsal  flavous  stripe  of  the  prozoiia  also  repeated  on  the 


398  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  xx. 

abdomen  in  the  female ;  the  extremity  strongly  clavate  in  the  male  and 
considerably  recurved,  the  supraanal  plate  triangular  with  blunt  apex, 
the  sides  nearly  straight,  feebly  emargin ate  just  before  the  middle,  but 
scarcely  at  all  elevated,  the  median  carina  very  deep  in  the  basal  half 
between  high  and  sharp  walls,  beyond  shallow  and  feeble  but  percur- 
rent;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  approximate,  minute,  slender,  par- 
allel, blunt  fingers,  no  longer  than  the  last  dorsal  segment;  cerci  very 
long  and  slender,  exteriorly  a  little  tumid,  bent  arcuate,  tapering 
gradually  to  the  middle  to  less  than  half  the  basal  breadth,  then  bent 
roundly  inward  and  thereafter  equal,  blunt-tipped,  their  tips  meeting 
over  the  apex  of  the  supraanal  plate;  subgenital  plate  short,  slightly 
broader  apically  than  at  base,  almost  twice  as  long  as  broad,  the  lateral 
margins  strongly  rounded  at  base,  with  the  apical  margin,  as  seen  from 
above,  very  strongly  rounded,  not  elevated,  entire. 

Length  of  body,  male,  18  mm.,  female,  22  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8.75 
mm.,  female,  8  mm.;  pronotum,  male,  4.2  mm.,  female,  5.25  mm.;  hind 
femora,  male,  10.5  mm.,  female,  12.5  mm. 

Two  males,  4  females.  Comancho,  Zacatecas,  Mexico  (L.  Brunei-); 
San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico,  E.  Palmer;  Mount  Alvarez,  San  Luis  Potosi, 
Mexico,  E.  Palmer. 

By  the  kindness  of  Doctor  Aurivillius  of  Stockholm,  I  am  able  to 
illustrate  the  male  abdomen  of  StaPs  type  (fig.  9),  which  I  should  have 
been  unable  to  identify  with  certainty  from  the  rather  meager  descrip- 
tion. I  do  not  find  the  apex  of  the  hind  tibiae  black,  as  Stal  states 
them  to  be. 

30.  APTENOPEDES. 

(ATtrrfv,  unfledged;  Ttrfddoo,  to  leap.) 

Aptenopedes  SCUDDER,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp.  83-84. 

Body  compressed,  especially  in  the  female,  where  it  is  also  feebly 
fusiform,  feebly  pilose.  Head  projecting,  front  strongly  oblique,  whole 
summit  of  head  horizontal,  scarcely  convex,  triangular;  eyes  nearly 
meeting  above,  especially  in  the  male,  where  they  are  separated  by  a 
space  not  wider  than  the  narrowest  part  of  the  frontal  costa,  the  fastig- 
jum  in  front  of  them  laterally  expanded  and  slightly  tumid;  front  sub- 
appressed,  particularly  in  the  female,  almost  straight;  eyes  long  oval, 
moderately  prominent,  in  the  female  depressed  and  tapering  above; 
antennae  moderately  slender,  linear,  subdepressed,  about  as  long  as 
(female)  or  slightly  longer  than  (male)  the  head  and  prouotuin  together; 
palpi  rather  small,  the  last  joint  nearly  cylindrical,  not  in  the  least 
expanded.  Pronotum  regularly  expanding  posteriorly  in  the  female, 
only  expanding  at  the  very  tip  and  then  but  slightly  in  the  male;  front 
margin  slightly  convex,  hind  margin  slightly  and  angularly  excised; 
surface  uniformly  rugulose,  tectiform,  especially  in  the  female,  the 
median  carina  distinct  but  not  prominent,  the  lateral  carinae  wholly 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELA  NOPLI—SC  UDDER.  399 

wanting;  metazoua  less  than  half  as  long  a&  the  prozona,  the  latter 
divided  a  little  behind  the  middle  by  a  scarcely  perceptible  sinuate 
sulcus;  lateral  lobes  nearly  twice  as  long  as  broad,  narrowing  down- 
ward, the  inferior  margin  very  broadly  angulate,  the  posterior  margin 
roundly  excised.  Prosternal  spine  blunt,  conico-cylindrical ;  inner  mar- 
gin of  mesosternal  lobes  broadly  convex,  the  lobes  subapproximate 
(male)  or  distant  from  each  other  by  half  their  width  (female);  meta- 
sternal  lobes  subcontiguous  in  both  sexes.  Tegmiua  linear,  about  as 
long  as  the  pronotum,  or  absent.  Hind  femora  extending  nearly  to 
(female)  or  a  little  beyond  (male)  the  tip  of  the  abdomen,  the  superior 
margin  unarmed,  the  hind  tibiae  with  their  outer  edges  smooth,  the 
spines  similar  in  length  on  the  two  sides,  those  of  the  outer  series  nine 
to  ten  in  number;  first  and  third  tarsal  joints  equal,  the  second  less  than 
half  as  long  as  either.  Abdomen  indistinctly  carinate  throughout,  the 
extremity  scarcely  enlarged  in  the  male;  subgenital  plate  ampliate  at 
base,  short,  not  projecting  far  beyond  the  tip  of  the  small  supraanal 
plate,  and  in  particular  so  little  elevated  posteriorly  as  to  expose  the 
recumbent  pallium  more  or  less  to  a  posterior  view;  furcula  feeble; 
cerci  styliform;  infracercal  plates  highly  developed. 

In  general  appearance  the  species  of  this  genus  most  nearly  resemble 
those  of  Gymnoscirtetes  Bruner,  Paradichroplus  Brunner,  and  Scopas 
Oiglio  Tos.  The  distinctions  of  the  genus  from  the  first,  besides  its 
ampliate  subgenital  plate,  are  pointed  out  under  that  genus.  From 
Paradichroplus  it  differs  in  its  more  compressed  body,  the  more  taper- 
ing vertex,  the  slenderer  tegmina  (when  they  are  present),  the  lack  of 
any  enlargement  of  the  tip  of  the  male  abdomen,  with  the  shorter  sub- 
genital  plate,  the  ampliate  basal  margin  of  the  same,  the  posteriorly 
exposed  pallium,  and  the  wholly  simple  cerci.  From  Scopas,  which  I 
have  not  seen,  it  appears  to  differ  in  its  more  prominent  prosternal 
spine,  its  narrower  labruin,  more  declivent  face,  less  cylindrical  pro- 
notum, with  its  excised  posterior  margin,  besides  its  simple  cerci.  Its 
subconical  head,  especially  in  the  female,  gives  it  a  peculiar  aspect. 

A.  sphenarioides  Scudder,  is  the  type. 

Three  species  occur  in  the  Southern  States  along  the  borders  of  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  may  be  separated  as  follows: 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO   THE   SPECIES   OF   APTENOPEDES. 

A1.  Tegmiua  present  in  one  or  both  sexes ;  frontal  costa  no  broader  at  base  than  in 
the  middle. 

61.  Tegmina  present  in  both  sexes;  furcula  of  male  as  long  as  the  last  dorsal  seg- 
ment; anal  cerci  tapering  only  on  basal  half 1.  sphenarioides  (p.  400). 

62.  Tegmina  present  in  female  only;  furcnla  of  male  not  more  than  half  as  long 
as  the    last  dorsal   segment;    anal  cerci  tapering    almost    uniformly  through- 
out   2.  rufovittata  (p.  401). 

A2.  Tegmiua  present  in  neither  sex;  frontal  costa  much  broader  at  base  than  in 
middle,  at  least  in  the  male 3.  aptera  (p.  402). 


400  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

i.  APTENOPEDES  SPHENARIOIDES. 
CPlateXXVI,  fig.  10.) 

Aptenopedes  splienarloides  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877)r 
pp.  84-85;  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  25.— BRUNER,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.. 
Ill  (1883),  p.  55. 

Body  green,  the  upper  surface  a  little  infuscated  in  the  male.  Head 
and  whole  front  flecked  with  fuscous  or  blackish  puncta;  antennae  with 
the  first  two  joints  pale  or  greenish,  beyond  growing  testaceous,  the 
apical  third  blackish  fuscous.  Pronotum  uniformly  dull  rugulose, 
more  obscurely  on  the  lateral  lobes  than  above,  and  furnished  with 
very  scattered,  inconspicuous,  delicate,  short,  white  hairs  found  also 
on  the  head,  and  with  a  white  or  very  pale  pink,  straight  lateral  stripe, 
running  from  the  upper  posterior  border  of  the  eye  to  the  hinder  edge 
of  the  pronotum;  this  stripe  is  bordered  more  (male)  or  less  (female) 
distinctly  with  black  beneath;  lower  edges  of  lateral  lobes  a  little  pale, 
especially  in  the  male.  Prosternal  spine  terminating  bluntly.  Teg- 
inina  reaching  the  end  of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  white  above, 
black  below,  in  continuation  of  the  lateral  stripe.  Metapleura  more 
or  less  distinctly  striped  with  black  and  white  in  imitation  of  the 
tegmina.  Hind  femora  green  exteriorly,  more  or  less  iufuscated  in 
the  female,  especially  above,  the  upper  carina  of  the  outer  face 
obscurely  marked  with  black,  the  outer  half  of  the  upper  face  more 
or  less  distinctly  testaceous  in  the  male;  hind  tibiae  green  with 
a  plumbeous  tinge,  the  spines  black  tipped.  Abdomen  obscurely 
punctate  on  the  basal  half  with  small,  indistinct,  laterodorsal  spots  of 
mingled  white  and  blue  black  dots  on  the  posterior  extremity  of  the 
segments,  which  in  the  male  lie  at  the  outer  limit  of  a  broad  dorsal 
testaceous  stripe,  which  is  bordered  externally  with  blackish  and  so 
obscures  the  spots;  supraanal  plate  of  male  slender,  elongate,  equal  as 
far  as  the  middle,  beyond  subtriangular,  acutangulate  at  tip,  the  mar- 
gins elevated,  with  a  slender,  sharp,  median  sulcus,  bordered  basally 
by  slight  ridges;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  subattingent,  parallel, 
blunt,  cylindrical  processes,  extending  but  a  short  distance  over  the 
plate;  cerci  rather  small,  laminate,  tapering  rapidly  in  the  basal  half, 
beyond  equal  and  slender,  but  at  tip  acuminate  by  the  excision  of  the 
upper  margin,  the  whole  feebly  incurved ;  infracercal  plates  large,  broad 
apically,  extending  slightly  beyond  the  supraanal  plate  and  very 
broadly  rounded  at  tip. 

Length  of  body,  male,  17  mm.,  female,  25  mm. ;  antennae,  male  and 
female,  7  mm.;  tegmina,  male,  3  mm.,  female,  4  mm.;  hind  femora, 
male,  10  mm.,  female,  11.25  mm. 

Three  males,  5  females.  Fort  Eeed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  April 
8-28,  J.  H.  Comstock;  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida,  April, 
C.  J.  Maynard;  The  same,  August,  W.  H.  Ashmead  (U.S.N.M.);  Key 
West,  Florida,  C.  J.  Mayuard :  Biscayne  Bay,  Dade  County,  Florida, 
E.  Palmer. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  401 

2.  APTENOPEDES  RUFOVITTATA. 
(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  11.) 

Aptenopedes  rufovittata  SCUDDKK!,  Proc.  Host.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XIX  (1877),  pp.  85- 
86;  Ent.  Notes,  VI  (1878),  p.  26.— BRUNKR,  Rep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Comm.,  Ill  (1883), 
p.  55. 

Body  green,  more  or  less  infuscated  above.  Face  minutely  and  rather 
sparsely  dotted  with  blackish  fuscous,  the  mouth-parts  and  the  lower 
part  of  the  face  often  decidedly  pink ;  antennae  with  the  first  two  joints 
green,  beyond  either  dull  green  more  or  less  iufuscated  (male)  or  with 
the  basal  half  reddish  or  pinkish  brown  and  the  apical  half  olivaceo- 
fuscous  (female);  eyes  as  in  A.  sphenarioides.  Pronotum  rugulose, 
much  more  heavily  in  the  male  than  in 'the  female,  and  the  dorsum  of 
the  other  thoracic  joints  and  the  basal  abdominal  joints  similarly 
marked;  pronotum  with  a  distinct  (female)  or  inconspicuous  (male) 
median  carina,  obscurely  infuscated  in  the  male,  generally  marked  dis- 
tinctly but  narrowly  with  testaceous  in  the  female,  the  surface  of  the 
whole  pronotum  with  a  few  scattered  hairs,  even  more  sparsely  dis- 
tributed than  in  A.  sphenarioides;  upper  limit  of  the  lateral  lobes 
marked  by  a  slender  black  stripe,  followed  above  by  a  somewhat 
broader  rufous  band,  fading  to  yellowish,  and  narrowed  in  the  female; 
this  stripe  does  not  extend  upon  the  head.  Tegmina  wanting  in  the 
male,  very  slender,  linear,  straight  and  green  in  the  female.  Legs  green, 
the  hind  femora  tipped,  at  least  in  the  male,  with  rufo-testaceous  and 
black;  hind  tibiae  glaucous;  hind  tarsi  red,  with  black-edged  arolium 
and  black-tipped  red  claws.  Abdomen,  in  the  female,  with  an  obscure 
testaceous  mediodorsal  stripe,  extending  upon  the  thorax,  and,  on 
the  abdomen,  followed  by  an  obscure  laterodorsal  series  of  small  dark 
spots;  or,  in  the  male,  with  a  similar  distinct  stripe,  bordered  by  a  more 
or  less  distinct  narrow  or  broad  edging  of  black,  fading  laterally  into 
fuscous;  supraarial  plate  of  male  moderately  long  and  slender,  tapering 
from  the  base,  at  first  gently,  near  tip  rapidly,  the  apex  slightly  obtus- 
angulate,  the  margins  elevated,  a  median  sulcus  extending  over  the 
basal  half,  bounded  by  pronounced  but  rounded  ridges  which  unite  in 
the  middle  of  the  plate  and  then  continue  halfway  to  the  tip;  furcula 
consisting  of  a  pair  of  short,  cylindrical  lobes  diverging  at  right  angles, 
projecting  but  little  over  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  regularly  conical 
except  that  they  are  feebly  compressed,  acuminate,  straight,  reaching 
the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate;  infracercal  plates  broad,  sulcate,  broadly 
rounded  apically,  but  acutely  subacuiuinate  at  the  middle  line,  extend- 
ing just  beyond  the  supraanal  plate. 

Length  of  body,  male,  15.5  mm.,  female,  20.5  mm.;  antennae,  male, 
6.5  mm.,  female,  5.4  mm. ;  tegmina,  female,  1.85  mm. ;  hind  femora, male, 
8.5  mm.,  female,  10  mm. 

Two  males,  1  female.  Fort  Heed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  April  10- 
21,  J.  H.  Comstock. 

Proc.  N.  M.  vol.  xx 26 


402  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

3.  APTENOPEDES  APTERA. 

(Plate  XXVI,  fig.  12.) 

Aptenopede*  aptera  SCUDDER!,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.  (1877),  p.  86;  Ent.  Notes, 
VI  (1878),  p.  27.— BRUNER,  Eep.  U.  S.  Ent.  Coinm.,  Ill  (1883),  p.  55. 

Body  green;  head  green;  eyes  narrower,  at  least  in  the  female,  than 
in  A.  sphenarioides,  more  closely  approximated  above,  and  the  fas- 
tigium  in  advance  of  them  less  swollen.  Thorax  with  sculpturing  simi- 
lar to  that  in  A.  sphenarioides,  but  wholly  devoid  of  any  lateral  stripe  or 
with  feeblest  signs  of  the  same  in  the  female ;  in  the  male,  however,  there 
is  a  faint  pallid  stripe,  edged  feebly,  narrowly,  and  interruptedly 
beneath  with  very  dark  green.  Tegmina  wholly  wanting  in  both  sexes. 
Legs  as  in  the  other  species,  except  in  wanting  the  testaceous  color  on 
the  outer  half  of  the  upper  face  of  the  hind  femora.  Abdomen  green, 
with  a  inediodorsal  testaceous  stripe  with  obscurely  infuscated  edges, 
extending  also  over  the  meso-  and  metanota;  supraanal  plate  of  male 
sub  triangular,  with  slightly  convex  sides,  the  apex  acutely  aagulate, 
the  surface  tolerably  flat  except  that  the  lateral  margins  are  elevated 
on  the  basal  half,  the  extreme  tip  is  suddenly  raised  to  a  higher  level, 
and  the  median  basal  sulcus,  which  reaches  to  the  middle  of  the  plate, 
is  flanked  by  heavy  parallel  walls  which  unite  beyond  its  tip  and  extend 
nearly  to  the  apex  of  the  plate;  furcula  consisting  of  a  pair  of  minute, 
rounded,  divergent  lobes,  seated  upon  the  ridges  bounding  the  median 
sulcus  of  the  supraanal  plate;  cerci  much  as  in  A.  rufovittata^  but  taper- 
ing a  little  more  rapidly  on  the  basal  than  on  the  apical  half;  iufracercal 
plates  very  broad,  concave,  tapering,  entendiug  beyond  the  supraanal 
plate  by  their  slightly  thickened,  bluntly  pointed,  slightly  separated 
apices. 

Length  of  body,  male,  19.5  mm.,  female,  24  mm.;  antennae,  male,  8 
inm.,  female,  6.5  mm. ;  hind  femora,  male,  11.25  mm.,  female,  10.5  mm. 

One  male,  3  females.  Fort  Reed,  Orange  County,  Florida,  April  27, 
J.  H.  Comstock;  Jacksonville,  Duval  County,  Florida,  August,  W.  H. 
Ashinead  (U.S.N.M.) ;  Texas  (U.S.N.M.). 


APPENDIX. 

1.  LIST  OF  HERETOFORE-DESCRIBED  SPECIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  MELANOPLI,  IN 
THEIR  ORIGINAL  AND  PRESENT  NOMENCLATURE,  ALPHABETICALLY  ARUANGED  BY 
SPECIES  UNDER  THE  FORMER. 

1877.  Pezotettix  abtlitum  Dodge  =  Melanoplus  dawsoni. 

1875.  Pezotettix  acutipennia  Scudder  =  Canipylacantha  acutipennis. 

1876.  Pezotettix  alba  Dodge  —  Hypochlora  alba. 

1877.  Caloptenua  angustipennis  Dodge  =  Melanoplus  anguatipenuia. 
1877.  Aptenopedes  aptera  Scudder  —  Aptenopedea  aptera. 

1870.  Caloptenus  arcticns  Walker  —  ?  Melauoplus  borealis. 
1879.  Pezotettix  aridus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  aridus. 
1879.  Melauoplus  arizonae  Scudder  =3  Melanoplus  arizonae. 
1879.  Pezotettix  aspirans  Scudder  =  Podisma  dodgei. 

1875.  Caloptenus  atlanis  Riley=;  Melanoplus  a^lanis. 

1877.  Paroxya  atlantica  Scudder  —  Paroxya  atlantica. 

1876.  Pezotettix  autumnalis  Dodge  =  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis. 
1861.  Platyphyma  aztecum  Saussure  =  Aidemona  azteca. 

1870.  Caloptenus  bilituratns  "Walker  =  Melanoplns  bilituratus. 
1825.  Gryllus  bivittatus  Say  =  Melanoplus  bivittatus. 

1878.  Pezotettix  bohemani  Stal  =  Podisma  dodgei. 

1861.  Acridium  (Podisma)  borckii  Stal  =  Melanoplus  borckii. 

1868.  Pezotettix  borealis  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  fasciatus. 

1854.  Caloptenus  boreali.s  Fieber=  Melanoplus  borealis. 

1879.  Melanoplus  bowditchi  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  bowditchi. 

1874.  Qmniatolampis  brevipennis  Thomas  —  Hesperotettix  brevipennia. 
1891.  Melanoplus  cenchri  McNeill  —  Melanoplus  flavidus. 

1878.  Melanoplus  cinereus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  cinereus. 

1877.  Caloptenus  clypeatus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  clypeatus. 

1878.  Melanoplus  collaris  Scudder  =  Oedaleonotus  enigma. 

1878.  Melanoplus  collinus  Scudder  =  Melanoplu*  collinua. 

1861.  Peopedetes  corallinus  Saussure.    Undetermined ;  perbapa  not  belonging  to  this  group. 

1879.  Melanoplus  curtus  Scudder  =  Melanoplua  faaciatua. 

1875.  Pezotettix  davraoni  Scudder  =  Melanoplua  dawaoni. 
1875.  Caloptenus  deletor  Scudder  =  Melanoplua  deleter. 

1878.  Melanoplua  devastator  Scudder  =  Melanoplua  devastator. 

1875.  Caloptenua  devorator  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  femur  rubrum. 
1865.  Acridium  differentiale  Ubler  — Melanoplus  differentialia. 

1879.  Pezotettix  discolor  Scudder  =  Melanoplua  discolor. 

1871.  Caloptenus  dodgei  Tbomas  =  Podiama  dodgei. 

1879.  Pezotettix  dumicolus  Scudder  —  Melanoplua  dumicola. 
1861.  Pezotettix  edax  Saussure  =  Melanoplua  femoratua. 

1876.  Pezotettix  enigma  Scudder  =  Oedaleonotua  enigma. 

1788.  Gryllua  (Locusta)  erythropus  Gmelin  =  Melanoplna  femur  rnbrum. 

1870.  Caloptenus  extremus  Walker  =- Melanoplua  extremua. 

1870.  Caloptenua  fasciatus  Walker  =  Melanoplus  fasciatus. 

1875.  Caloptenus  fasciatus  Scudder  —  Melanoplus  packardii. 

1791.  Acridium  femorale  Olivier  — Melanoplua  femur  rubrum. 

1838.  Caloptenua  femoratus  Burmeister  —  Melanoplua  femoratus. 

1773.  Acridium  femur  rubrum  De  Geer  =  Melanoplua  femur  rubrum. 

1879.  Pezotettix  flabellatus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  flabellatus. 

1879.  Melauoplua  flabellifer  Scudder  =  Melanoplua  flabellifer. 

1879.  MeLmoplus  flavidus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  flavidus. 

[1877.  Pezotettix  flavoanuulatus  La  Munyon  =  Dactylotum  pictum.] 

1874.  Caleoptenua  [sic]  flavolineatua  Thomas.     Undetermined. 

1841.  Acridium  flavovittatum  Harria  =  Melanoplua  bivittatus. 

1874.  Calopteuua  floridianus  Thomas  =  Paroxya  floridana. 

403 


404  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 

1879.  Melanoplus  foedus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  foedus. 
1872.  Acridium  froutalis  Thomas  =  Hesperotettix  speciosus. 
1862.  Pezotettix  glacialis  Scudder  =  Podisnia  glacialis. 

1875.  Caloptenus  glaucipes  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  glaucipes. 

1876.  Pezotettix  gracilis  Bruner  =  Melanoplus  gracilis. 
1872.  Caloptenus  griseus  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  punctulatus. 
1875.  Caloptenus  helluo  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  punctulatus. 

1893.  Melanoplus  herbaceus  Bruner  =  Melanoplus  herbaceus. 
1885.  Pezotettix  hispidus  Bruner  =  Bradynotes  hispida. 
1892.  Pezotettix  hoosieri  Blatchley  =  Paroxya  boosieri. 

1875.  Pezotettix  humphreysii  Thomas =Melanoplus  humphreysii. 
1879.  Melanoplus  infantilis  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  infantilis. 
1879.  Melanoplus  interior  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  femur  rubrum. 

1876.  Pezotettix  jucundus  Scudder  =  Oedaleonotus  enigma. 
1876.  Pezotettix  junius  podge  =  Melanoplus  extremus. 

1874.  Caloptenus  keeleri  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  keeleri. 

1878.  Melanoplus  kennicottii  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  kennicottii. 

1879.  Pezotettix  lakinus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  lakinus. 

1837.  Locusta  leucostoma  Kirby  =  ?  Melanoplus  extremus. 

1861.  Pezotettix  longicornis  Saussure==  ?  Melanoplus  obovatipennis. 

1891.  Dendrotettix  longipennis  Kiley  MS.  Bruner  —  Dendrotettix  quercus. 

1876.  Caloptenus  lurida  Dodge  =  Melanoplus  luridus. 

1868.  Pezotettix  manca  Smith  =  Melanoplus  niancus. 

1876.  Pezotettix  marginatus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  marginatus. 

1875.  Pezotettix  marshallii  Thomas  =  Podisma  marshallii. 
1879.  Pezotettix  marshallii  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  altitudinum. 

1872.  Pezotettix  megacephala  Thomas  MS.  Dodge— -- Phoetaliotes  nebrascenais. 
1861.  Pezotettix  mexicana  Saussure.    Undetermined. 

1861.  Platyphyma  roexicanum  Bruner  =  Paradichroplus  mexicanus. 
1870.  Caloptenus  mexicanus  Walker  =  Paradichroplus  mexicanus. 

1838.  Acridium  milberti  Serville  — Melanoplus  femoratus. 

1875.  Caloptenus  minor  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  minor. 

1876.  Pezotettix  minutipennis  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  gracilis. 

1873.  Platyphyma  montana  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  montanus. 
1885.  Bradynotes  montanus  Bruner  =  Asemoplus  montanus. 
1872.  Pezotettix  nebrascensis  Thomas  =  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis. 

1877.  Caloptenus  nigrescens  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  nigresceus. 

1875.  Pezotettix  nigrovittatns  Stal  =  Philocleon  nigrovittatus. 
1879.  Pezotettix  nudus  Scudder  =^  Paraidemona  punctata. 
1872.  Pezotettix  obesa  Thomas  =  Bradynotes  obesa. 

1894.  Pezotettix  obovatipeunis  Blatchley  =  Melanoplus  obovatipennis. 
1872.  Caloptenus  occidentalis  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  occidentalis. 

1876.  Pezotettix  occidentalis  Bruner  =  Melanoplus  blatchleyi. 
1875.  Pezotettix«olivacea  Scudder  =  Campylacan tha  olivacea. 
1881.  Bradynotes  opimus  Scudder  =  Bradynotes  obesa. 

1875.  Pezotettix  oregonensis  Thomas  =  Podisma  oregonensis. 
1881.  Pezotettix  pacificus  Scudder  =r  Melanoplus  pacificus. 

1878.  Melanoplus  packardii  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  packardii. 

1876.  Caloptenus  parvus  Provancher  =  Melanoplus  extremus. 
[1870.  Pezotettix  picta  Thomas  =  Dactylotum  pictum.] 

1877.  Caloptenus  (Hesperotettix)  picticornis  Thomas  =  Poecilotettix  picticorniB. 

1878.  Pezotettix  pilosus  Stal  =  Rhabdotettix  pilosus. 

1876.  Pezotettix  plagosus  Scudder^ A eoloplus  plagosua. 
1878.  Pezotettix  plebejus  Stal  =  Melanoplus  plebejus. 

1877.  Caloptenus  plumbum  Dodge  =  Melanoplus  plumbeua. 

1875.  Caloptenus  ponderosus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  robustus. 

1877.  Pezotettix  puer  Sc udder  =  Melanoplus  puer. 

1878.  Pezotettix  punctatus  Stal  —  Paraidemona  punctata. 

1862.  Caloptenus  punctulatus  TThler  MS.  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  punctulatus. 

1879.  Pezotettix  pupaeformis  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  plebejus. 
1888.  Dendrotettix  quercus  Riley  =  Dendrotettix  quercus. 

1877.  Paroxya  recta  Scudder  =  Paroxya  floridana. 

1878.  Melanoplus  rectus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  fasciatus. 

1876.  Caloptenus  regal*s  Dodge  =  Aeolopl us  regalis. 

1870.  Caloptenus  repletus  Walker.    Probably  indeterminable. 
1875.  Caloptenus  robustus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  robustus. 

1877.  Pezotettix  rotundipennis  Scudder  —  Melanoplus  rotundipennis. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCUDDER.  405 

1877.  Aptenopedes  rufovittata  Scudder  =  Aptenopedes  rufovittata. 

1878.  Pezotettix  rusticus  Stal  =  Melanoplus  rusticus. 

1877.  Caloptenas  sanguinocephalus  La  Munyon  =  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis. 

1877.  Caloptenus  sanguinolentus  Provancher  — Melanoplus  femur  rubrura. 

1870.  Caloptenus  scriptus  Walker.     Determinable  only  by  comparison  with    types   in  the  British 

Museum. 

1864.  Pezotettix  scudderi  Uhler=  Melanoplus  scudderi. 

1870.  Caloptenus  selectus  "Walker.    Determinable  only  by  study  of  types  in  the  British  Museum. 
1861.  Pezotettix  septentrionalis  Saussure  =  Melanoplus  borealis. 
1872.  Pezotettix  speciosa  Scudder=  Hesperotettix  speciosus. 

1877.  Aptenopedes  sphenarioides  Scudder  =  Aptenopedes  sphenarioides. 
18<>5.  Acridium  spretis  Uhler  MS.  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  spretus. 

1876.  Pezotettix  stupefactus  Scudder =  Podisma  stupefacta. 
1861.  Pezotettix  sumichrasti  Saussure =  ?  Melanoplus  bivittatus. 
1876.  Pezotettix  tellustris  Scudder  —  Melanoplus  dawsoni. 

1879.  Melanoplus  tenebrosus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  keeleri. 
1879.  Pezotettix  texanus  Scudder  =  Melanoplus  texanus. 

1872.  Caloptenus  turnbulli  Thomas  =  A  eoloplus  turnbulli. 

1873.  Pezotettix  uuicolor  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  scudderi. 

1878.  Pezotettix  varicolor  Stal  =  Paradichroplus  varicolor. 
[1879.  Pezotettix  variegatus  Scudder  =  Dactylotum  variegatum.] 

1879.  Melanoplus  variolosus  Scudder  —  Melanoplus  occidentalis. 
1876.  Pezotettix  viola  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  viola. 

1861.  Pedies  virescens  Saussure.    Undetermined;   perhaps  not  belonging  to  this  group. 
1872.  Caloptenus  viridis  Thomas  =  Hesperotettix  viridis. 

1876.  Pezotettix  vivax  Scudder  =  Campylacantha  vivax. 

1877.  Caloptenus  volucris  Dodge  =  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis. 

1880.  Pezotettix  washingtonianus  Bruner  =  Melanoplus  washingtonianas. 
1875.  Caloptenus  yarrowii  Thomas  =  Melanoplus  yarrowii. 

1861.  Pezotettix  zimmermanni  Saussure  =  ?  Melanoplus  nigrescens. 

2.  UNDETERMINED   FORMS. 

1.  Poepedetes  corallinus  Saussure,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861,  p.  158.    Mexico  temperata.    It  is  doubtful 
if  this  Mexican  species,  unknown  to  me,  belongs  in  the  Melanopli ;  it  seems  to  be  more  nearly  allied 
to  Dactylotum. 

2.  Pezotettix  fauriei  Bolivar,  Anal.  Soc.  Esp.  Hist.  Nat.,  XIX  (1890),  pp.  322-323.    This  species  from 
Yesso,  Japan,  seems  to  be  a  Podisma,  but  it  is  described  from  the  female  alone,  so  that  I  can  not 
place  it  more  closely. 

3.  Caleoptenus  (sic I) Jlavolineatus Thomas,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  I,  Istseries,  No.  2  (1874),  p.  68. 
I  am  unable  to  determine  this  southern  California  species,  and  am  tolerably  confident  I  have  not  seen 
it;  for  in  this  case  there  is  apparently  sufficient  in  the  description  to  fix  the  species  when  specimens 
are  obtained.    It  has  been  thought  by  some  to  be  Oedaleonotus  enigma  collaris,  but  that  is  scarcely 
possible. 

4.  Pezotettix  mexicana  Saussure,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861,  p.  160.    Mexico  temperata.    From  the  descrip- 
tion it  is  impossible  to  determine  which  of  the  many  Mexican  species  this  may  be,  but  I  suspect  it 
may  prove  to  be  Melanoplus  atlanis. 

5.  Pezotettix  mikado  Bolivar,  Ann.  Soc.  Esp.  Hist.  Nat.,  XIX  (1890),  p.  323.    Yesso,  Japan.    Like  the 
other  species  of  Bolivar,  No.  2,  this  is  described  from  the  female  only,  and  I  can  not  place  it.    It  is  pre- 
sumably a  Podisma. 

6.  Caloptenus  repletus  Walker,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870).  pp.  678-679.    I  had  thought  this 
species  to  be  probably  Melanoplus  bilituratus,  but  there  was  little  in  Walker's  description  whereon  to 
base  ;m  opinion.    Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  however,  kindly   compared  bilituratut  with  the  specimens 
placed  under  repletus  in  the  British  Museum  and  found  them  distinct.    Walker  credited  it  to  "U. 
States  "  and  "  Vancouver's  Island,"  one  specimen  each,  but  Mr.  Henshaw  found  no  specimens  from 
Vancouver,  but  two  males  and  a  female  from  "  North  America,"  one  specimen  being  further  labeled 
"Illinois."    The  two  males  were  different  species,  one  being  Melanoplus  femoratus,  the  other  (Illinois) 
distinct,  but  allied  to  it  by  the  cerci,  though  with  short  tegmina  (probably  Melanoplus  viola).    It  was 
further  doubtful  whether  the  female  belonged  with  either  of  the  males.    Certainly,  then,  we  shall  be 
obliged  to  consign  Walker's  species  to  merited  oblivion.    Probably  no  one  of  these  specimens  is  one 
of  the  original  types. 

7.  Calliptamug  sanguineipes  Serville,  Rev.  Meth.  Orth.  (1831),  pp.  93-94  [Aerydium  sanguineipet 
Olivier,  Encycl.  Meth.,  VI  (179J),  p.  231].    Surinam.    It  is  very  doubtful  if  this  belongs  in  the  Melan- 
opli.   If  De  Geer's  Acridium  aeneo-oculatum  is  the  same  l  his  figure  would  lead  us  to  presume  it  did 
not.    I  have  not  seen  the  species. 

'  See  Serv.,  Orth.,  p.  670. 


406  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  YOL.XX. 

8.  Caloptenus  scriptus  Walker,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  pp.  680-681.    The  only  form  to 
•which.  I  was  inclined  to  refer  this  was  that  described  here  as  ^lelanoplus  bilitiiratus,  but  from  Mr.  Hen- 
shaw's  examination  of  the  types  (see  that  species,  p.  176)  it  can  not  be  that,  and  I  therefore  find  it  at 
present  indeterminable.    I  have  specimens  from  Vancouver,  the  origin  of  Walker's  species,  which  may 
possibly  be  referred  to  scriptus,  since  they  differ  from  Melanoplus  bilituratus  in  the  points  specified  by 
Mr.  Henshaw,  but  as  I  possess  only  females  I  do  not  feel  satisfied  of  their  specific  validity. 

9.  Caloptenus  selectus  Walker,  Cat.  Derm.  Salt.  Brit.  Mus.,  IV  (1870),  p.  682.    Walker's  types  (from 
Oajaca,  Mexico)  were  examined  at  my  request  by  Mr.  Henshaw  to  see  whether  they  belong  in  the 
group  Melanopli  at  all,  and  he  states  that  they  do.    It  is  quite  impossible  by  Walker's  description 
even  to  guess  to  what  genus  it  belongs,  much  less  to  determine  the  species  without  a  direct  compari- 
son with  the  types.    I  know  of  no  species  with  a  broad,  interrupted,  piceous  stripe  along  the  costa  of 
the  tegmina. 

10.  Pedies  virescens  Saussure,  Rev.  Mag.  Zool.,  1861,  pp.  157-158.    Mexico.    I  have  not  been  able  to 
determine  this  species  among  my  material,  and  question  very  much  whether  it  belongs  in  the  Melan- 
opli.   I  am  more  inclined  to  think  it  allied  to  Dactylotum. 

11.  Podisma  viridis  Blanchard,  Gay,  Faun.  Chil.,  Zool.,  VI  (1851),  pp.  75, 76.     Chile.    This  is  not  one 
of  the  Melanopli,  but  belongs  to  Antandrus  Stal. 

Several  other  species  have  not  been  definitely  determined,  but  have  been  placed  in  the  synonymy  of 
the  described  species  with  a  mark  of  doubt.  Such  are  Caloptenus  arcticus  Walker,  Locusta  leitcostoma 
Kirby,  Pezotettix  longicornis  Saussure,  P.  sumichrasti  Saussure,  and  P.  zimmermanni  Saussure,  for 
which  see  the  last  preceding  list  (Appendix  1). 

3.    LIST    OF    SOUTH   AMERICAN   MELANOPLI.1 

1.  Atrachelacris  unicolor  Giglio  Tos,  Boll.  Mus.  Tor.,  IX,  Ort.  Viagg.  Borelli,  1894,  p.  21.    Argentine 
Republic,  Paraguay. 

2.  Dichroplus  amoenus  [Pezotettix  amoenus  Stal,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878), 
p.  8.]    (Locality?) 

3.  Dichroplus  arrogans  [Acridium  (Podisma)  arrogans  Stal,  Eug.  Resa,  Orth.,  1860,  p.  333 ;  Pezotettix 
(Dichroplus)   arrogans  Stal,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  78;  Pezotettix  arrogans  Stal,  Obs.  Orthopt.,  Ill, 
(1878),  p.  6;  Acridium  strobelii  Brunner  (MS.  ?)].    Argentine  Republic,  Uruguay. 

4.  Dichroplus  bergii  (Pezotettix  bergii  Stal,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878),  pp.  6,7; 
Acridium  crassipes  Brunner  (MS.  ?)].    Argentine  Republic,  Paraguay,  Brazil. 

5.  Dichroplus  bicolor  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  pp.  21-22.    Argentine  Republic,  Paraguay. 

6.  Dichroplus  client  [Acridium  (Podisma)  cliens  Stal,   Eug.  Resa,  Orth.,  1860,  p.  335;  Pezotettix 
(Dichroplus)  cliens  Stal,  Rec.  Ortb.,  I  (1873),  p. 78;  Pezotettix  cliens  Stal,  Obs.  Orthopt.,  Ill  (1878),  p.  6]. 
Uruguay. 

7.  Dichroplus  distinguendus  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  pp.  22-23.    Paraguay. 

8.  Dichroplus  elongatus  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  pp.  23-24.    Argentine  Republic,  Paraguay. 

9.  Dichroplus  exilis  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  p.  23;  Argentine  Republic,  Paraguay. 

10.  Dichroplus  fuscus  [Gryllus  fuscus  Thunberg,  Mem.  Acad.  St.  Petersb.,  V  (1815),  p.  235 ;  Pezotettix 
(Trigonophymus)  fuscus  Stal,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  78].    Argentine  Republic,  Nova  Cambria. 

11.  Dichroplus  lemniscatus  [Acridium  (Podisma)  lemniscatum  Stal,  Eug.  Resa,  Orth.,  1860,  p.  334; 
Pezotettix  (Dichroplus)  lemniscatus  Stal,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  78;  Pezotettix  lemniscatus  Stal,  Obs. 
Orthopt.,  Ill  (1878),  p.  6].    Argentine  Republic,  Brazil. 

12.  Dichroplus  patruelis  [Acridium  (Pcdisma)  patruele  Stal,  Eug.  Resa,  Orth.,  1860,  p.  334;  Pezotettix 
(Dichroplus)  patruelis  Stal,  Rec.  Orth.,  I  (1873),  p.  78;  Pezotettix  patruelis  Stal,  Obs.  Orth.,  Ill  (1878). 
p.  6;  ?  Acridium vittigerum  Blanchard,  Gay,  Faun.  Chil.,  Zool.,  VI  (1851),  pp.  73-74  (not  Acrid,  vittigerum 
Blanchard,  Voy.  pole  sud.,  Zool.,  IV  (1853),  pp.  371-372,  pi.  in,  fig.  9)].    Argentine  Republic,  Paraguay, 
Uruguay.    If  Blanchard' s  Chilian  vittigerum  belongs  here  it  must  take  precedence. 

13.  Dichroplus  peruvianus  [Pezotettix  peruvianus  Stal,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878), 
pp.  7-8].    Peru. 

14.  Dichroplus punctulatus  [Gryllus  punctulatus  Thunberg,  Mem.  Acad.  St.  Petersb.,  IX  (1824),  p. 
408;  Pezotettix  punctulatus  Stal,  Obs.  Orth.,  Ill  (1878),  p.  6;  Acridium  (Podisma)  fraternum  Stal, 
Eug.  Resa,  Orth.,  1860,  p.  333].    Argentine  Republic,  Uruguay,  Brazil,  New  Grenada,  Colombia. 

15.  Dichroplus  robustulus  [Pezotettix  robustulus  Stal,  Bih.  K.  Sv.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  V,  No.  9  (1878), 
p.  7].    Southern  Brazil. 

16.  Paradichroplus  aberrans  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1891,  p.  28.    Paraguay. 

17.  Paradichroplus  bipunctatus  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  pp.  26-27.    Paraguay. 

18.  Paradichroplus  borellii  Giglio  Tos.  loc.  cit.,  1894,  pp.  27-28.    Paraguay. 

19.  Paradichroplus  brunneri  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit. ,  1894,  pp.  25-26.    Argentine  Republic,  Paraguay. 

20.  Pezotettix  antisanae  Bolivar,  Anal.  Soc.  Esp.  Hist.  Nat.,  X,  Notes  Ent.  (1881),  pp.  36-37.    Autisana, 
Ecuador. 

21 .  Scopas  obesus  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  p.  29.     Paraguay. 

22.  Scotussa  impudica  Giglio  Tos,  loc.  cit.,  1894,  p.  25.    Uruguay. 


'Not  including  those  mentioned  in  the  body  of  this  memoir. 


HO.  1124.  REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—  SC UDDER.  407 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES. 

With  the  exception  of  a  few  figures  specially  noted  below,  all  the  drawings  for 
these  plates  were  made  by  Mr.  J.  Henry  Blake,  of  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  and 
the  expense  met  by  a  special  grant  for  the  purpose  from  the  ELIZABETH  THOMPSON 
SCIENCE  FUND,  which  is  here  gratefully  acknowledged. 

Unless  otherwise  stated  (under  the  names  of  individuals  or  institutions  placed  in 
parentheses),  all  the  drawings  of  American  species  were  made  from  specimens  in  my 
own  collection.  Plate  I  illustrates  the  venation  of  the  tegmina  in  a  few  species,  and 
the  figures  are  here  magnified  five  diameters.  The  remaining  plates  show  the  abdom- 
inal appendages  of  the  males  of  all  but  two  or  three  of  the  species,  and  these  are 

magnified  four  diameters. 

PLATE  I. 

FIG.  a.  Melanoplus  dawsoni  completes,  male.     Clifford,  North  Dakota  (L.  Bruner). 

b.  Melanoplus  gladstoni,  male.     Medicine  Hat,  Assiniboia. 

c.  Melanoplus  fasciatus  volaticus,  male.     Charlevoix,  Michigan  (L.  Bruner). 

d.  Melanoplus  borealis,  male.     Labrador  coast,  latitude  59°. 
«.  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis  volucris,  male.     Dallas,  Texas. 

r\  Melanoplus  extremus  scandens,  male.     Mount  Washington,  New  Hampshire. 
'.  Melanoplus  extremus  junius,  male.     Jackson,  New  Hampshire. 
.  Melanoplus  femur  rubrum,  male.     Adirondacks,  New  York. 
r'     '.  Melanoplus  marginatus  ampins,  male.    California  (U.S.N.M.). 
k.  Melanoplus  par oxyoides,  male.     Key  West,  Florida. 

PLATE  II. 

FIG.  1.  Gymnoscirtetes  pusillus.     Jacksonville,  Florida  (L.  Bruner).     From  a  type 
specimen. 

2.  Netrosomafusiformis.     Montelovez,  Mexico. 

3.  Xetrosoma  nigropleura.     Lerdo,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner).     From  a  type  specimen. 

4.  Paradichroplus  mexicanus.     Orizaba,  Mexico.     From  Walker's  type  of  Calo- 

ptenus  mexicanus,  the  drawings  obtained  at  the  British  Museum  by  Mr. 
S.  Henshaw;  magnification  unknown;  the  specimen  is  a  nymph. 

5.  Paradichroplus  mexicanus.     Orizaba,  Mexico. 

6.  Paradichroplus  varicolor.     Columbia. 

7.  Phaedrotettix  angustipennis.     Mount  Alvarez,  Mexico. 

8.  Conalcaea  miguelitana.     Sierra  de  San  Miguelito,  Mexico. 

9.  Conalcaea  neomexicana.     Silver  City,  New  Mexico  (L.  Braner). 

10.  Barytettix  crassus.    Lower  California  (L.  Bruner). 

11.  Phaulotettix  compressut.     Montelovez,  Mexico. 

PLATE  III. 

FIG.  1.  Cephalotettix  parvulus.    Otoyac,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner).    From  a  type  specimen. 

2.  Rhabdotettix  concinnus.    Waco,  Texas  (Mus.  Comp.  Zool.). 

3.  Rhabdotettix  palmeri.     Montelovez,  Mexico. 

4.  Cyclocercus  bistrigata.     Venis  Mecas,  Mexico. 

5.  Cyclocercus  accola.     Goliad,  Texas. 

6.  Cyclocercus  valga.     Sierra  Nola,  Mexico. 

7.  Sinaloa  behrensii.     Siualoa,  Mexico. 

8.  Paraidemona  punctata.     Texas. 

9.  Paraidemona  punctata.     Texas.     From  a  type  of  Pezotettix  nudns. 
10.  Paraidemona  mimica.    Uvalde,  Texas. 

PLATE  IV. 

FIG.  1.  Aidemona  azteca.     San  Luis  Potosi,  Mexico. 

2.  Hypochlora  alba.     Colorado. 

3.  CampylacAxtfia  acutipennis.     Dallas,  Texas. 


408  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


FIG.    4.  Campylacantha  olivacea.     Texas. 

5.  Campylacantha  similis.     Lerdo,  Mexico  (L.  Brunei). 

6.  Campylacantha  vivax.     Northern  New  Mexico.     From  the  type  specimen. 

7.  Eotettix  signatus.     East  Florida  (J.  McNeill).     From  the  type  specimen. 

8.  Hesperotettix  viridis.     Lakin,  Kansas. 

9.  Hesperotettix  meridionalis.     Guanajuato,  Mexico.     (U.S.N.M.) 
10.  Hesperotettix  festivus.     Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah. 

PLATE  V. 

FIG.    1.  Hesperotettix  pacificus.     Los  Angeles,  California  (L.  Bruner).     From  a  type 
specimen. 

2.  Hesperotettix  brevipennis.     Wellesley,  Massachusetts. 

3.  Hesperotettix  pratensis.     Dallas,  Texas. 

4.  Hesperotettix  speciosus.     Nebraska. 

r>,  Aeoloplus  tenuipennis.    Fort  Grant.  Arizona  (U.S.N.M.). 
0.  Aeoloplus  elegans.     Las  Cruces,  New  Mexico  (U.S.N.M.). 
,  Aeoloplus  regalia.     Lakin,  Kansas. 
-!.  Aeoloplus  californicus.     California  (S.  Henshaw). 

9.  Aeoloplus  chenopodii.     Grand  Junction,  Colorado.     From  a  type  specimen. 
10.  Aeoloplus  turnbulli.    Newcastle,  Wyoming  (L.  Bruner). 

PLATE  VI. 

FIG.    1.  Aeoloplus plagosus.     Northern  New  Mexico.     From  the  type  specimen. 

2.  Aeoloplus  uniformis.     Fort  Whipple,  Arizona. 

3.  Aeoloplus  arizonensis.     Fort  Whipple,  Arizona. 

4.  Aeoloplus  oculatus.    Mohave,  New  Mexico  (L.  Bruner). 

5.  Bradynotes  hispida.     Colville  Valley,  Washington  (L.  Bruner).    From  a  type 

specimen. 

6.  Bradynotes  caurus.    Yakima  River,  Washington  (U.S.N.M.). 

7.  Bradynotes  expleta.    Eastou,  Washington  (U.S.N.M.). 

8.  Bradynotes  ping uis.    Washington  (?)  (S.  Henshaw). 

9.  Bradynotes  obesa.     Helena,  Montana. 

10.  Bradynotes  referta.     Soldier,'  Idaho  (L.  Bruner). 

PLATE  VII. 

• 
FIG.    1.  Bradynotes  satur.     Placer  County,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 

2.  Dendrotettix  quercus.     Travis  County,  Texas  (U.S.N.M.). 

3.  Podisma  glacialis.     Mount  Washington,  New  Hampshire. 

4.  Podisma  variegata.    Ithaca,  New  York. 

5.  Podisma  nubicola.    Mount  Lincoln,  Colorado. 

6.  Podisma  stupefacta.    New  Mexico. 

7.  Podisma  dodgei.    Pikes  Peak,  Colorado. 

8.  Podisma  ascensor.    American  Fork  Canyon,  Utah. 

9.  Podisma  marshallii.     Mount  Lincoln,  Colorado.    . 

10.  Podisma  oregonensis.     Henry  Lake,  Idaho  (L.  Bruner). 

PLATE  VIII. 

FIG.   1.  Podisma  pedemontana.     Europe.     Drawn  by  J.  Redteubacher. 

2.  Podisma  cobelUi.     Europe. 

3.  Podisma parnassica.    Mount  Parnassus,  Greece.     From  a  type  specimen. 

4.  Podisma  pyrenaea.    Pic  du  Midi,  France. 

5.  Podisma  salamandra.    Europe. 

6.  Podisma  baldensis.     Europe. 

7.  Podisma  dairisama.     Japan  (U.S.N.M.). 

8.  Podisma  fieberi.     Europe. 

9.  Podisma  schmidtii.     Europe. 

10.  Podisma pedestris.     Vienna,  Austria. 


NO.  1124.  REVISION  or  Till-:  MELANOPLI—SCUDDEE.  409 


PLATK  IX. 

FlG.    1.  Podisma  alpina  alpina.     Villars,  Vaud,  Switzerland. 

2.  Podisma  f rig  ida.    Lapland. 

3.  Podisma  (Eupodisma)  primnoa.     Verschneydinsk,  Siberia. 

4.  Paratylotropidia  brunneri.     Dakota  (L.  Bruner).     The  specimen  is  partly 

damaged. 

5.  Paratylotropidia  brunneri.     Texas.     From  a  pen-and-ink  sketch  by  Hofrath 

Brunner  von  Wattenwyl.     Natural  size. 

PLATE  X. 

FIG.    1.  Melanoplus  marculentus.     Sierra  de  San  Miguelito,  Mexico. 

2.  Melanoplus  lakinus.     Colorado.     From  a  type  specimen. 

3.  Melanoplus  sonorae.     Sonora,  Mexico. 

4.  Melanoplus  occidentals.     Lakiu,  Kansas. 

5.  Melanoplus  cuneatus.     Silver  City,  New  Mexico.     (U.S.N.M.) 

6.  Melanoplus  flabellifer.     South  Park,  Colorado.     From  the  type  specimen. 

7.  Melanoplus  discolor.     Texas.     From  a  type  specimen. 
«.  Melanoplus  simplex.     Colorado. 

).  Melanoplus  rileyanus.    Los  Angeles,  California.     (U.S.N.M.) 
10.  Melanoplus  herbaceus.    El  Paso,  Texas  (L.  Bruner).     From  a  type  specimen. 

PLATE  XL 

FIG.    1.  Melanoplus  flavescens.    San  Diego,  California.     (U.S.N.M.) 

2.  Melanoplus pictus.     Bradshaw  Mountain,  Arizona  (L.  Bruner). 

3.  Melanoplus  bowditchi.     Pueblo,  Colorado.     From  a  type  specimen.  » 

4.  Melanoplus  flavidus.    Morrison,  Colorado.     From  a  type  specimen. 

5.  Melanoplus  elongatus.     Bledos,  Mexico. 

6.  Melanoplus  nlaucipes.     Dallas,  Texas. 

7.  Melanoplus  bruneri.     Fort  McLeod,  Alberta  (L.  Bruner). 

8.  Melanoplus  kennicottii.    Yukon  River,  Alaska.     From  a  type  specimen. 

9.  Melanoplus  excelsus.     Mount  Lincoln,  Colorado. 

10.  Melanoplus  utahensis.  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah.  (U.S.N.M.)  From  the  type 
specimen.  The  central  figure  shows  the  tip  of  the  supraanal  plate  from 
behind. 

PLATE  XII. 

FIG.    1.  Melanoplus  alaslcanus.    Alaska  (U.S.N.M.). 

2.  Melanoplus  affinis.    Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah  (L.  Bruner).    From  a  type  speci- 

men. 

3.  Melanoplus  intermedius.     White  River,  Colorado. 

4.  Melanoplus  intermedius.     Yellowstone  (L.  Bruner). 

5.  Melanoplus  bilituratus.     Vancouver  Island,  British  Columbia  (U.S.N.M.). 
>    Melanoplus  defecta s.     Colorado  (L.  Bruner). 

7.  Melanoplus  ail anis.     Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah. 

-  Melanoplus  spretu*.    Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah. 

•  Melanoplus  diminutus.     Monterey,  California. 

i«>.  Melanoplus  consanguiueus.     Sou'ora  County,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 

PLATE  XIII. 

].  Melanoplus  sierranus.    Truckee,  California. 
£  Melanoplus  ater.     San  Francisco,  California  (L.  Bruner). 
3.  Melanoplus  devastator  obscurus.     California  (L.  Bruner). 
'"C.  Melanoplus  devastator  obscurus.     Sissons,  California. 

~.  Melanoplus  devastator  typicalis.     Tighes  Station,  San  Diego  County,  Cali- 
fornia. 


4"1  '  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM,  VOL.XX. 

Melanoplus  devastator  affinis.     California  (S.  Henshaw). 
Melanoplus  devastator  conspicuus.     Sacramento,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 
Melanoplus  virgatus.     Sacramento,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 
Melanoplus  uniformis.     Sacramento  County,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 
Melanoplus  angelicus.     Los  Angeles,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 

PLATE  XIV. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  impudicus.     Georgia. 

2.  Melanoplm  nitidus.     Tepic,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner). 

3.  Melanoplus  ariclus.     Arizona  (L.  Bruner). 

4.  Melanoplus  indigens.     Salmon  City,  Idaho  (L.  Bruner). 

5.  Melanoplm  scudderi.     Lexington,  Kentucky. 

6.  Melanoplus  scudderi.     Dallas,  Texas. 

7.  Melanoplus  gillettei.     Rabbit's  Ear  Pass.  Colorado  (C.  P.  Gillette). 

8.  Melanoplus  artemisiae.     Salmon  City,  Idaho.     From  a  type  specimen. 

9.  Melanoplus  mancus.     Speckled  Mountain,  Maine. 

10.  Melanoplus  cancri.     Cape  St.  Lucas,  Lower  California. 

PLATE  XV. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  reflexus.     Valle  del  Maiz,  Mexico. 

2.  Melanoplus  meridionalis.     Mount  Alvarez,  Mexico. 

3.  Melanoplus  militaris.     Soldier,  Idaho  (L.  Bruner). 

4.  Melanoplus  nigrescens.     Georgia.     From  the  type  specimen. 

5.  Melanoplus  dawsoni  tellustrls.     Jefferson  County,  Iowa. 

6.  Melanoplus  gladstoni.    Medicine  Hat,  Assiniboia.    From  a  type  specimen. 

7.  Melanoplus  p  aimer  i.     Fort  Whipple,  Arizona. 

8.  Melanoplus  montanus.     Montana  (L.  Bruner). 

9.  Melanoplus  washingtonianus.      Colville  Valley,    Washington    (Mtis.    Comp. 

Zool.).     From  a  type  specimen. 
10.  Melanoplus  walshii.     Michigan. 

PLATE  XVI. 

I      .  1.  Melanoplus  altitudinum.     Sheridan,  Wyoming. 

2.  Melanoplus  gracilipes.     San  Diego,  California. 

3.  Melanoplus  geniculatus.     Mexico. 

1.  Melanoplus  rusticus.      Texas.      From  the  type  specimen,  the  drawing  fur- 

nished by  Doctor  Aurivillius.     (Mus.  Stockh.) 

n.  Melanoplus  pacificus.     Sissons,  California.     From  the  type  specimen. 
.  Melanoplus  borckii.    Mariii  County,  California. 
.  Melanoplus  tenuipennis.     Los  Angeles,  California  (L.  Bruner). 
<.  Melanoplus  missionum.     Los  Angeles  County,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 
'}.  Melanoplus  fusdpes.     San  Luis  Obispo,  California. 
10.  Melanoplus  scitulus.     Mount  Alvarez,  Mexico. 

PLATE  XVII. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  flabellatus.     Dallas,  Texas.     From  a  type  specimen. 

2.  Melanoplus puer.     Fort  Reed,  Florida.     From  a  type  specimen. 

3.  Melanoplus  inorn£tus.    Mexico  ( ?).     From  a  type  specimen. 

4.  Melanoplus  virimpes.     Moline,  Illinois. 

5.  Melanoplus  decorus.     Dingo  Bluff,  North  Carolina. 

6.  Melanoplus  attenuatus.     Smithville,  North  Carolina. 

7.  Melanoplus  amplectens.     Bee  Spring,  Kentucky  (Mus.  Comp.  Zool.). 

8.  Melanoplus  saltator.     Portland,  Oregon. 

9.  Melanoplus  rotundipennis.     Florida.     From  the  type  specimen. 
10.  Melanoplus  obovatipennis.     Indiana. 


NO.  1124.  RE  VISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SC  UDDER.  411 

PLATE  XVIII. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  juvencus.     Fort  Reed,  Florida. 

2.  Melanoplus  fasciatus  curtus.     Salmonier,  Newfoundland. 

3.  Melanoplus  fasciatus  curtus.     Colorado. 

4.  Melanoplus  fasciatus  rotations.     Charlevoix,  Michigan  (L.  Bruner). 

5.  Melanoplus  borealis.     Labrador,  latitude  59°. 

6.  Melanoplus  alleni.     Crawford  County,  Iowa. 

7.  Melanoplus  snoivii.     Magdalena,  New  Mexico  (Univ.  KauB.). 

8.  Melanoplus  pi umbeus.     Colorado. 

9.  Melanoplus  propinquus.     Fort  Eeed,  Florida. 

10.  Melanoplus  extremus  junius.     Jackson,  New  Hampshire. 

PLATE  XIX. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  femur  rulrum.     Williamstowu,  Massachusetts. 

2.  Melanoplus  femur  rubrum.     Dallas,  Texas.    From  a  type  of  Caloptenus  devo- 

rator. 

^(elanoplus  femur  rubrum.    Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah.    From  a  type  of  Melan- 
oplus interior. 

Welanoplus  femur  rubrum.     Sissons,  California. 
Melanoplus  moniicola.     Sierra  Blanca,  Colorado. 
ifelanoplus  bispinosus.     San  Antonio,  Texas  (L.  Bruner). 
\felanoplus  terminalis.     Gulf  Coast  of  Texas. 
Melanoplus  cyanipcs.     Pasadena,  California. 

Melanoplus  cinereus.     Wallawalla,  Washington.     From  a  type  specimen. 
10.  Melanoplus  complanatipes.     Cape  St.  Lucas,  Lower  California. 

PLATE  XX. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  canonicus.     Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado,  Arizona  (L.  Bruner). 

2.  Melanoplus  comptus.     Sidney,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner). 

3.  Mtlanoplus  coccineipes.     Sand  Hills,  Nebraska. 

4.  Melanoplus  coccineipes.     Barber  County,  Kansas  (L.  Bruner). 

5.  Melanoplus  coccineipes.     Colorado. 

6.  Melanoplus  angustipennis.     Fort  Robinson,  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner). 

7.  Melanoplus  impiger.     Barber  County,  Kansas  (L.  Bruner). 

8.  Melanoplus  impiger.     Dallas,  Texas. 

9.  Melanoplus  foedus.     Pueblo,  Colorado.     From  a  type  specimen. 
10.  Melanoplus  corpulent  us.     Sierra  de  San  Miguelito,  Mexico. 

PLATE  XXI. 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus packardii.     Dallas,  Texas.     (Specimen  with  blue  hind  tibiae.) 

2.  Melanoplus  packardii.     West  Point,  Nebraska  (L. 'Bruner).     (Specimen  with 

blue  hind  tibiae.) 

3.  Melanoplus  packardii.     Soda  Springs,  Idaho  (L.  Bruner).     (Specimen  with 

red  hind  tibiae.) 

4.  Melanoplus  packardii.      Poudre   River,  Colorado  (L.    Bruner).      (Specimen 

with  blue  hind  tibiae.) 

">.  Melanoplus  conspersus.     Southwest  Nebraska  (L.  Bruner). 
i.  Melanoplus  compactus.     Dakota  (U.S.  N.M.).    From  a  type  specimen. 
7.  Melanoplus  dumicola.     Texas.     From  a  type  specimen. 
>/ Melanoplus  variabilis.     City  of  Mexico.     From  a  type  specimen. 
,    9.  Melanoplus  lepidus.     Truckee,  California. 

10.  Melanoplus  blatchleyi.     (Locality  unknown ' 

PLATE  XXII: 

FIG.  1.  Melanoplus  texanus.     Texas.     From  a  type  specimen.  % 

2.  Melanoplus  plebejus.     Dallas,  Texas.     From   a   type  specimen   of  Pezotettix 
pupaeformis. 


412  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.XX. 


Fit;.    3.  Melanoplus  gracilis.     Dallas  County,  Jowa. 

1.  Melanoplus  inops.     Florida  (L.  Bruner). 

5.  Melanoplus  marginatus.     Southern  California.     From  a  type  specimen. 

6.  Melanoplus  paroxyoides.     Key  West,  Florida. 

7.  Melanoplus  alpinus.     Henry  Lake,  Idaho  (U.S.N.M.).     The  central  figure 

represents  the  posterior  view  of  the  subgenital  plate. 

8.  Melanoplus  infantilis.     South  Park,  Colorado.     From  a  type  specimen. 

9.  Melanoplus  minor.     Crawford  County,  Iowa. 

10.  Melanoplus  confusus.     Munson's  Hill  [Kentucky  ?]  (Mus.  Comp.  Zool.). 

PLATE  XXIII. 

FIG.    1.  Melanoplus  keeleri.    North  Carolina.     From  a  type  specimen  of  Melanoplus 
tenebrosus. 

2.  Melanoplus  deletor.     Georgia. 

3.  Melanoplus  differ entialis.     Agua  Calieute,  California. 

4.  Melanoplus  differentialis.     Pueblo,  Colorado. 

5.  Melanoplus  robustus.     Dallas,  Texas.     From  a  type  specimen. 

6.  Melanoplus  collinus.     Provincetown,  Massachusetts. 

7.  Melanoplus  lUridus.     Nebraska. 

PLATE  XXIV. 

FIG.   1.  Melanoplus  viola.     Illinois.     From  a  type  specimen. 

2.  Melanoplus  clypeatus.     Georgia.     From  a  type  specimen. 

3.  Melanoplus  furcatus.     Jacksonville,  Florida  (L.  Bruner). 

4.  Melanoplus  femoratus.     Massachusetts. 

5.  Melanoplus  bivittatus.     Dallas,  Texas. 

PLATE  XXV. 

FIG     1.  Melanoplus  thomasi.     Lerdo,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner).     From  a  type  specimen. 

2.  Melanoplus  yarrowii.     Grand  Junction,  Colorado  (C.  P.  Gillette). 

3.  Melanoplus  olivaceus.     Los  Angeles,  California  (L.  Bruner).     From  a  type 

specimenT 

4.  Melanoplus  punctulatus.     Ellenville,  New  York. 

5.  Melanoplus  arborens.     Dallas,  Texas. 

6.  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis  nebrascensis.     Dallas,  Texas. 

7.  Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis  volucris.     Dallas,  Texas. 

8.  Paroxya  atlantica.     San  ford,  Florida. 

9.  Paroxya  hoosieri.     Indiana. 

10.  Paroxya  floridana.     Fort  Eeed,  Florida. 

PLATE  XXVI. 

FIG.    !.  Poecilotettix picticornis.     Arizona  (L.  Bruner). 

'.  Poecilotettix  sanguineus.     Bradshaw  Mountain,  Arizona  (L.  Bruner.) 
3.  Poecilotettix  coccinatus.     Los  Angeles,  California  (U.S.N.M.). 
•    i.  Oedaleonotus  enigma  jucundus.     Agua   Caliente,  California.     From    a  type 
specimen  of  Pezotettix  jucundus. 

5.  Oedaleonotus  enigma  enigma.     Santa  Barbara,  California.     From  a  type  speci- 

men of  Pezoteltix  enigma. 

6.  Oedaleonotus  enigma  collaris.     Tipton,  California.     From  a  type  specimen  of 

Melanoplus  collaris. 

7.  Asemoplus  montanus.     Montana. 

8.  Philocleon  nigrovittatus.     Comancho,  Mexico  (L.  Bruner). 

9.  Philocleon  nigrovittatus.      Mexico.      From  a   type    specimen,  the   drawing 

obtained  through  Doctor  Aurivillius.     (Mus.  Stockh.) 

10.  Aptenopedes  sphenarioides .     Fort  Reed,  Florida.     From  a  type  specimen. 

11.  Aptenopedes  rufovittata.     Fort  Reed,  Florida.     From  a  type  specimen. 

12.  Aptenopedes  aptera.    Jacksonville,  Florida.     (U.S.N.M.) 


INDEX. 


Page. 

abditum  (Melanoplus) 227 

(Pezotettix) 227,403 

aberrans  ( Paradichroplus) 40G 

accola  (Cyelocercus)  38 

Acridimn  aegyptium  : 96 

aeneooculatum 405 

bivittatum 364 

(Caloptenus)  bivittatum 360, 364 

(Caloptenus)  femora  turn 360 

(Caloptenus)  femur  rubrum  . . .          279 

crassipes 406 

differentiate 350, 403 

fasciatum 267 

femorale 278, 403 

femur  rubrum 278,403 

flavovittatum 360,403 

frontalis 66,404 

hudsonium 360 

(Locusta)  leucostomum 287 

milberti 360, 404 

( Opsomala )  bi  vittat  urn 363 

(Podisma)  arrogans 406  j 

(Podisma)  borckii 243, 403 

(Podisma)  cliens 406 

(Podisma)  fraternum 406 

(Podisma)  lemniscatum 406 

(Podisma)  patruele 406 

pulchellum 116 

spretis 185,405 

strobelii 406 

vittigerum 406 

-Acrydiumapterum 116 

pedestre 116 

sanguineipes 405 

acutipennis  ( Campy lacantha) 50, 403 

(Hypochlora) 50 

(Pezotettix) 50,403 

aeneooculatum  ( Acridium) 405 

Aeoloplus 5,11,68 

arizonensis 70,78 

californicus 69, 73 

chenopodii 69,  74 

elegans 69, 71 

oculatus 70,  79 

plagosus '- 69,76,404 

regalis 69,71,404 

tennipennis 69,70  • 

turnbulli 69,75,405  ' 

uniformis 70,77  I 

affiliatus  (Caloptenus) 355  j 

(Pezotettix) 355  j 

affinis  (Melanoplus) 171, 19€ 

(Melanoplus  devastator) 199 

Aidemona...  4,10,44 


Page. 

Aidemona  azteca 45,403 

alaskanus  (Melanoplus) 169 

alba  (Hypochlora) 47, 403 

(Pezotettix) 47,403 

alleni  (Melanoplus) 273 

alpicola  (Pezotettix) 117 

alpina  (Podisma) 116 

(Podisma  alpina) 116 

alpinus  (Gryllus) 116 

(Melanoplus) 333 

(Pezotettix) lie 

altitudinum  (Melanoplus) 236, 404 

(Pezotettix) 236 

amoenus  (Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

amplectens  (Melanoplus) 260 

ampins  (Melanoplus  marginatus) 330 

angelicus  (Melanoplus) 202 

angustipennis  (Caloptenns) 305,403 

(Melanoplus) 305, 403 

(Pezotettix) 22 

(Phaedrotettix) 22 

antisanae  (Pezotettix) 406 

Aptenopedes 5,14,398 

aptera 399, 402, 403 

rufovittata 399,  401, 405 

sphenarioides 309, 400, 405 

aptera  (Aptenopedes) ...  402, 403 

apterum  (Acrydium* 116 

apterus  (Pezotettix) 396 

arboreus  (Melanoplus) 372 

arcticus  (Caloptenus} 270, 403 

(Melanoplus) 270 

aridus  (Melauoplus) 209, 403 

(Pezotettix) 209,403 

arizonae  (Melanoplus) 340, 403 

arizonensis  ( Aeoloplus) 

arkansana  (Pezotettix) 309 

arrogans  (Acridium  Podisma) .  406 

(Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

(Pezotettix  Dichroplus) 406 

artemisiae  (Melanoplus) 217 

(Pezotettix) 217 

ascensor  (Pod  isma) 107 

Asemoplns 5, 14, 394 

niontanus 394,404 

aspirans  (Pezotettix) 105, 403 

ater  (Melanoplus) 194 

atlanis  (Caloptenus) 178, 280, 403 

(Melanoplus) 171, 172, 178, 179, 403,  405 

(Pezotettix) 179 

iUlanti.-a  (Paroxya) 382,403 

atlanticus  (Pezotettix) 383 

413 


414 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


VOL.  XX. 


atlantis  (Caloptenns) . 

(Melanoplus) 

Atrachelacris 

unicolor . . . 
attenuatus  (Melanoplus) . 


Page. 

178 

178 

4 

406 

259 

autumnalis  (Pezotettix) 378, 403 

azteca  ( Aidemona) 45, 403 

(Platyphyma) 45 

aztecum  (Platyphyraa) 403 

aztecus  (Pezotettix) 45 

baldensis  (Pezotettix) 114 

(Podisma) 114 

Barytettix 4,10,27 

crassus 27,28 

peninsulae 27, 28 

behrensii  (Sinaloa) 40 

bergii  (Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

bicolor  (Dichroplns) 406 

bilituratus  (Caloptenus) 163, 174, 179, 403 

(Melanoplus) 163, 174,  403, 405, 406 

bipunctatus  (Paradichroplus) 406 

bispinosus  (Melanoplus) 292 

bistrigata  (Cyclocercus) 37 

bivittatum  (Acridium) - 364 

(Acridium  Caloptenus) 360,  364 

(Acridium  Opsomala) 363 

bivittatus  (Caloptenus) 360,  363 

(Gryllus) 363, 403 

(Melanoplus) 360,363,864,403,405 

(Pezotettix) 364 

blatchleyi  (Melanoplus) 322, 404 

bohemani  (Pezotettix) 105, 403 

borekii  (Acridium  Podisma) 243, 403 

(Melanoplus) 243,403 

(Pezotettix) 243,261 

(Podisma) 243 

borealis  (Caloptenus) 270,403 

(Melanoplus) 267, 270, 403,  405 

(Pezotettix) 98,267,403 

borellii  (Paradichroplus) 406 

bowditcbi  ( Melanoplus) 157, 403 

Bradynotes 5,6,11,80 

caurus 81, 83 

expleta 81,84 

hispida 81,404 

montanus 394, 404 

obesa 81,87,404 

opimus 83,87,404 

pinguis 81, 85 

referta 81 ,  88 

satur 81,89 

brevipeunis  (Hesperotettix) 63, 403 

(Ommatolampis) 63, 403 

bruneri  (Melanoplus) 164 

brunneri  (Paradichroplns) 406 

(Paratylotropidia) 118 

caeruleipes  (Melanoplus  atlanis) 179 

(Melanoplus  spretus) 185 

Caleoptenus  flavolineatus 393,  403,  405 

californicns  ( Aeoloplus) 73 

Calliptamus  sanguineipes 405 

Caloptenus  affiliatus 355 

angustipennis 305, 403 

arcticus 270,272,403 


Page. 

Caloptenus  atlauis 178, 280, 403 

atlantis 178 

bilituratus 163, 174,  179,  403 

bivittatus 360,  363 

borealis 270,  403 

cinereus 296 

clypeatus 357,403 

deleter 343, 403 

devastator 196 

devorator 279, 403 

differentials 349 

dodgei 105,  403 

extremns 287,  290,  403 

fasciatns 267,  270,  309,  403 

f emorat  us 360,  403 

femur  rubrum 178,  278,  285 

navolineatus 391 

floridamis 383 

floridianus 383, 403 

glaucipes 161,  404 

griseus 374, 404 

helluo 374, 404 

(Hesperotettix)  picticornis...  386,404 

junius 287 

keeleri 341,404 

lurida 404 

luridus 344 

(Melanoplus)  bilituratus 163, 174 

( Melanoplus)  femoratus 360 

(Melanoplus)  femur  rubrum . .          280 

(Melanoplus)  parvus 287 

mexicanus 19,  404 

minor 303,  337,  404 

nigrescens 225, 404 

occidentals 145,  306,  308,  337, 404 

parvus 287, 404 

plumbum 276,  404 

ponderosus 354,  355,  404 

punctulatus 374,  404 

regalis 71,404 

repletus    404,405 

robustus 354, 404 

sanguinocephalus 378,  405 

sanguinolentus 280,  405 

scriptus 405,406 

selectus 405,  406 

spretus 178, 184 

turnbulli 75,  405 

viridis 57,405 

volucris 378,  405 

yarrowii 369,  405 

Campylacantba 4,  5, 10, 48 

acutipennis 50,  403 

olivacea 50, 51,  404 

similis 50, 52 

vivax 50,  52,  405 

cancri  (Melanoplus) 219 

canonicus  (Melanoplus) 300 

caurus  (Bradynotes) 83 

cenchri  (Melanoplus) 158,403 

Cephalotettix 4,10,30 

parvulus 31 

I   chenopodii  (Aeoloplus) 74 

(Pezotettix) 74 

Chrysochraon  dispar 96 


NO.  1124. 


KEVISION  OF  THE  MELAXOPLI—SCVDDER. 


415 


Page. 

cinereus  (Caloptenus) 296 

(Melauoplus) 296,403 

cliens  (Acridium  Podisma) 406 

(Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

(Pezotettix  Dichroplus) 406 

clypeatus  (Caloptenus) 357,  403 

(Melanoplus) 357, 403 

cobellii  (Pezotettix) .'          113 

(Podisma) 113 

coccinatus  (Poecilotettix) 389 

coccineipes  (Melanoplus) 303 

collaris  ( Melanoplus) 391, 403 

(Oedaleonotus  enigma) 391 

collina  (Podisma  alpina) 116 

collinus  (Melanoplus) 346, 403 

compactus  (Melanoplus) 316 

complanatipes  (Melanoplus) 298 

completus  (Melanoplus  dawsoni) 227,  229 

compressus  (Pbaulotettix) 30 

comptus  (Melanoplus) 302 

Conalcaea 4,  9,  23 

miguelitana 24 

neomexicana 24, 26 

truncatipennis 24,  25 

concinnus  (Rhabdotettix) 33 

confusus  (Melanoplus) 339 

consanguineus  (Melanoplus) 192 

conspersus  (Melauoplus) 315 

conspicuus  (Melauoplus  devastator) 199 

coralliuus  (Poepedetes) 403,405 

corpulentus  (Melanoplus) 313 

costae  (Pezotettix) 113 

(Podisma) 113 

crassipes  (Acridium) 406 

crassus  (Barytettix) 28 

cuneatus  (Melanoplus) 147 

curtipennis  (Hesperotettix) 62 

curtus  (Melanoplus) 267, 403 

(Melanoplus  fasciatus) 268, 270 

cyauipes  (Melanoplus) 295 

Cyclocercus 4, 10,  36 

accola 37,  38 

bistrigata 37 

valga 37,  39 

Cyrtacanthacris  differentialis 350 

Dactylotum  longipennis 387 

pictum 403,  404 

variegatum 405 

dairisama  (Podisma) 114 

dawsoni  (Melanoplus) 227, 403, 405 

(Pezotettix) 227, 403 

decorus  (Melanoplus) 257 

defectus  (Melanoplus) 177 

deletor  (Caloptenus) 343, 403 

(Melanoplus) 343,  403 

Dendrotettix 5,6,12,91 

longipeunis 92, 404 

longipennis  quercus 92 

quercus 6, 92,  404 

devastator  (Caloptenus) 196 

(Melanoplus) .  178, 196, 199, 201,  303,  403 

devorator  (Caloptenus) 279,  403 

(Melanoplus) 280 

Dichroplus 4 


Page. 

Dichroplus  amoenus 406 

arrogans 406 

bergii 406 

bicolor 406 

cliens 406 

distinguendus 406 

elongatus 406 

exilis 406 

f  uscus 406 

lemniscatus 406 

patruelis 406 

peruvianus 406 

punctulatus 406 

robustulus 406 

differentiale  (Acridium) 350,403 

differentialis  (Caloptenus) 349 

(Cyrtacauthacris) 350 

(Melanoplus) 349,  350, 403 

(Pezotettix) 350 

diminutus  (Melanoplus) 190 

discolor  (Melanoplus) 149, 403 

(Pezotettix) 149,403 

distinguendus  (Dichroplus) 406 

dodgei  (Caloptenus) 105,403 

(Pezotettix) 105,107 

(Podisma) 105,403 

dumicola  (Melanoplus) 318,403 

dumicolus  (Pezotettix) 318,403 

edax  (Pezotettix) 860,403 

(Podisma) 300 

elegans  ( Aeoloplus) 71 

elongatus  ( Dichroplus) 406 

(Melanoplus) 160 

enigma  (Oedaleonotus) 391, 403, 404 

(Oedaleonotus  enigma) 391 

(Pezotettix) 391,403 

Eotettix 5,11,53 

signatus 54 

ery thropus  (Gryllus) 278 

(Gryllus  Locusta) 278,403 

Eupodisma 12 

prironoa 1 17 

Euprepocnemis  uebrascensis 378 

<K  cidentalis 330 

excelsus  (Melanoplus) 166 

exilis  (Dichroplus) 406 

expleta  (Bradynotes) 84 

extremus  (Caloptenus) 287,  403 

( M.'lanoplus) ' 164,  287, 403, 404 

fasciatum  (Acridium) 267 

fasciatus  (Caloptenus) 267.  309, 403 

(Melanoplus) 267, 403, 404 

fauriei  (Pezotettix) 405 

femorale  (Acridium) 278,403 

femoratuui  (Acridium  Caloptemis) 360 

femoratus  (Caloptenus) 360, 403 

(Calopteuus  Melanoplus) 360 

(Melanoplus) 360, 403,  404,  405 

(Melanoplus  bivittatus) 360 

femur  rubrum  (Acridium) 278,403 

(Acridium  Caloptenus)  ...          279 

(Caloptenus) 178, 278, 285 

(CalopteniiH  Mclnnoplus)  .          280 

(Gryllus  Acridium) 278 

(Melanoplus) . .  278, 279, 403, 404, 405 


416 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


VOL.  XX. 


Page. 

femur  rubrum  (Pezotettix) 280 

(Pezotettix  Melanoplus)  . .  279 

festivus  (Hesperotettix) 60 

fieberi  (Podisma) 115 

flabellatus  (Melanoplus) 251, 403 

(Pezotettix) 251,403 

flabellifer  (Melanoplus) 148, 403 

flavesceus  (Melanoplus) 155 

flavidus  (Melanoplus) 158, 403 

flavoannulatus  (Melanoplus) 391 

(Pezotettix) 403 

flavolineatus  (Caleoptenus) 393, 403, 405 

(Caloptenus) 391 

flavovittata  (Locusta) 360 

flavovittatum  ( Acridium) 360,  403 

floridana  (Paroxya) 383, 403, 404 

floridanus  (Caloptenus) 383 

floridianus  (Caloptenus) 383, 403 

foedus  (Melanoplus) 311,404 

fraternum  (Acridium  Podisma) 406 

frigida  (Podisma) 117 

frigidum  (Podisma) 116,117 

frigidus  (Gryllus) 117 

(Melanoplus) 117 

(Pezotettix) 117 

frontalis  (Acridium) 66,404 

furcatus  (Melanoplus) 358 

fuscipes  (Melanoplus) 247 

(Pezotettix) 247 

fuscus  (Dichroplus) 406 

(Gryllus) 406 

(Pezotettix  Trigonophymus) 406 

fusiformis  (Netrosoma) 17 

geniculatus  (Melauoplus) 239 

gillettei  (Melanoplus) 215 

glacialis  (Pezotettix) 98, 101,  404 

(Podisma) 98,  404 

gladstoni  (Melanoplus) 229 

glaucipes  (Caloptenus) 161,  404 

(Melanoplus) 161,404 

gracilipes  (Melanoplus) 238 

(Pezotettix) 238 

gracilis  (Melanoplus) 327, 404 

(Pezotettix) 327,404 

griseus  (Caloptenus) 374, 404 

(Melanoplus) 374 

gronlandicus  ( Gry llns) 270 

Gryllus  alpinus 116 

bivittatus '. 363, 403 

ery  thropus 278 

frigidus 117 

fuscus 406 

gronlandicus 270 

(Locusta)  ery  thropus 278,  403 

(Locusta)  femur  -rubrum 278 

pedestris  ...* 97,116 

punctulatus 406 

Gymnoscirtetes 4, 5, 9, 14 

pusillus 15 

helluo  (Caloptenus) 374, 404 

(Melanoplus) 374 

(Pezotettix) 374 

herbaceus  (Melanoplus) 153, 404 

Hesperotettix 5,6,11,55 

brevipennis 56, 63,  403 


Page. 

Hesperotettix  curtipennis 56,  62 

festivus 56,  60 

meridionalis 56,  59 

montanus 57 

pacific  us 56,  61 

pratensis 5,  56,  64 

speciosus 56,  66,  404,  405 

viridis 7,  56,  60,  63,  64,  78,  405 

hispida  (Bradynotes) 81, 404 

bispidus  (Pezotettix) 81, 404 

hoosieri  (Paroxya) 382.  404 

(Pezotettix) 382,404 

budsonium  (Acridium) 360 

humphreysii  (Melanoplus) 206,  404 

(Pezotettix) 200,  207,  209,  404 

Hypochlora 4,  5, 10,  46,  48 

acutipeunis 50 

alba 47,  403 

speciosa 66 

impiger  (Melanoplus) 306 

impudica  (Scotussa) 406 

impudicus  (Melanoplus) 204 

indigens  (Melanoplus) 211 

infantilis  (Melanoplus) 335,  404 

inops  (Melanoplus) 329 

inornatus  (Melanoplus) 254 

(Pezotettix) 254 

interior  (Melauoplus) 280,  404 

intermedius  (Melanoplus) 172 

jucundus  (Oedaleonotus  enigma) 391 

(Pezotettix) 391,404 

j  unius  (Calopten vis) 287 

(Melanoplus) 287 

(Melanoplus  extremus) 288,  289 

(Pezotettix) 287, 404 

juvencus  (Melanoplus) 266 

keeleri  (Calopteuus) 341, 404 

(Melanoplus) 341,404.405 

kennicottii  (Melanoplus) 163,  404 

lakinus  (Melanoplus) 141,  404 

(Pezotettix) 141,404 

lemniscatum  ( Acridium  Podisma) 406 

lemniscatus  (Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

(Pezotettix  Dichroplus) 406 

lepidus  (Melanoplus) 321 

leucostoma  (Locusta) 287.  40-i 

leucostomum  (Acridium  Locusta) 287 

Locusta  flavovittata 360 

leucostoma 287,  290,  404 

longicornis  ( Pezotettix) 264, 404 

(Podisma) 264 

longipennis  (Dactylotum) 387 

(Dendrotettix)  92,404 

lurida  (Caloptenus) 403 

luridus  (Calopteuus) 344 

(Melanoplus) 344,  404 

manca  (Pezotettix) 218,  404 

(Podisma) 218 

mancus  (Melanoplus) 218, 404 

marculentus  (Melanoplus) 139 

(Pezotettix) 139 

marginatus  (Melanoplus) 330,  404 

(Pezotettix) 330.  404 

marshalHi  (Pezotettix)   105, 108,  236,  404 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCVDDER. 


417 


Page. 

marshallii  ( Podisma) 108, 404 

mrgac epliala  (IV/.otettix) 377,404 

Melanopli 3 

Melaiioplus 4,5,6,13,120 

ubditmn 227 

affinis 132,171,106 

alaskanus 132,169 

alleni 129,273 

alpinus 137,333 

altitudinum 127,236,404 

amplecteiis 128,  260 

angelicu.s 133,  202 

angustipeimis 136,  305, 403 

arboreus 139,372 

arcticus 270 

arid  us 125,209,403 

arizonae 137, 340, 403 

arteiuisiae 125, 217 

ater 133,194 

atlauis 5, 

132, 171, 172, 178, 179,  284, 403, 405 

atlanis  caeruleipes 179 

atlaiitis 178 

attenualus 128,259 

bilituratus . . .  132, 163, 174, 403, 405, 406 

bispinosus 135,  202 

bivittatns.  5,  138,  360, 363,  364,  403,  405 

bivittatus  femoratus 360 

blatcbley i ...  129,  322, 404 

borckii 127,243,403 

borealis 6, 134, 267, 270, 403,  405 

bowditchi 131, 157, 403 

bruneri 132,164 

cancr  i 126, 219 

canonicus 135,  300 

cencbri 158,  403 

cinerens 5, 135, 296, 403 

clypeatus 138,  357,  403 

coccineipes 136,303 

collaris 391, 403 

collhms 138,  346, 403 

compartuH 136,  310 

eomplanatipea 135, 2. 8 

com  plus 136,  302 

conf URUS 137,  331) 

consanguineus 133, 102 

conspi  rsus 136,  3 1 5 

eorpulentus 136,  313 

cuneatus 130, 147 

curtus 267, 403 

cyanides 135,  295 

dawsoni 5,  0, 126, 134,  227,  403,  405 

daw  son  i  complotus 227,  229 

dawsoni  tellustris 227,  218 

decorus 128,257 

(k-ffctus 132,177 

deleter 137,  343,  403 

devastator.    133, 

178, 196, 199,  201,  303,  403 

devastator  affinis 199 

devastator  conspicuus 199 

devastator  obscurus 198 

devastator  typicalis 199 

dcvorator 2.80,281 

Proc.  X.  M.  vol.  xx -7 


Page. 

Melanoplus  differentialis 5, 138, 349, 350, 403 

diminutus 133, 190 

discolor 124, 149,403 

damicola l'J9,  :;1H,  403 

elongatus 131,160 

excelsus ]  32, 166 

extremus 5, 

6, 135, 164,283,287,40:!,  404 

extremus  junius 288,  289 

extreinus  scandens 288, 289 

fasciatns 5, 6, 129, 134,  267, 403, 404 

fasciattis  curtus 268, 270 

fasciatus  volaticus 268, 270 

femoratus 5t 

138,  360,  364,  367, 403,  404,  405 

femur  rubruni 5, 

6, 134,  278,  279, 403, 405 

flabellatus 128,251,403 

flabellifer 5, 130, 148, 403 

flavescens 131,155 

flavidus 131,158,403 

liavoannuhitus 391 

foedus 136, 3 11, 404 

frigidus 117 

furcatns 138,358 

fuscipes 128,  247 

geniculatus 127, 239 

gillettei 125,215 

gladstoni 6. 134, 229 

glaucipes 131,161,404 

gracilipcs 127,  238 

gracilis 130,327,404 

griseus '. 374 

belluo 374 

berbaceus 131,153,404 

bumpbreysii 125,206,404 

impiger 136,306 

imimdicue 133,204 

indigens 125, 211 

infantilis 137,335,404 

inops 130,329 

inornatus 128,254 

interior 280,283,404 

intermedius 132,172 

junius 287 

juvencus 129, 266 

keeleri 137, 341, 404, 405 

keimicottii 131,163,404 

lakinus 124, 141 

lepidus 129,  321 

luridus 5,137,344,404 

maucuR 126,218,404 

marculentus 124, 139 

marginatus 6, 130, 137,  330,  404 

marginatus  ampins 330 

marginatus  pauper 330 

meridionals 1'J'VJ.1: 

militaris 126,221 

minor 5,137,337,401 

missionum l-~  -!''> 

modeatns .• 163 

montanus 127,232,404 

montirula 102, 13.'  _ 

nigrescens 126, 225, 404, 405 


418 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


Page. 

Melanoplus  nitidus 125, 207 

obovatipennis 129,  264,  404 

occidentals 130, 145, 148, 404, 405 

olivaceus 139, 370 

paciflcus 127,241,404 

packardii 5, 136,  309,  403,  404 

packardii  rufipes 309 

palmeri 134,  230 

paroxyoides C,  133,  331 

parvus 287 

pictus 131, 156 

plebejus 130,  326,  404 

plumbeus 134,  276, 404 

ponderosus 354 

propinquus 134,  285 

puer 128,  252,  404 

punctulatus 5, 139,  374,  404 

rectus 267, 404 

reflexus 126,  221 

regalis 71 

rileyanus 125, 151 

robustus 138,354,404 

rotundipennis 123,  263,  404 

rusticus 127,  240,  405 

saltator 129,  261 

scitulus 128,249 

scriptus 174 

scudderi 5, 125,  212, 405 

sierranus 133, 193 

simplex 124,  150 

snowii 129,274 

sonorae 124, 143 

spretus 5, 132, 184, 185,  393,  405 

spretus  caeruleipes 185 

tenebrosus 341,405 

tenuipennis 127,  244 

terminalis 135, 293 

texanus 130,324,405 

thomasi 138,368 

tnrnbulli 75 

uniformis 133,201 

utabensis 132,167 

variabilis 129,319 

variolosus 145, 405 

viola 138,355,405 

virgatus 13:,',  199 

viridipes 128,255 

walsbii 127,235 

washingtonianus 127,  233,  405 

yarrowii 139,369,405 

mendax  (Pezotettix) 115 

meridionalis  (Hesperotettix) 59 

(Melanoplus) 223 

mexicana  (Pezotettix) 404, 405 

mexicanum  (Platypbyma) 19, 404 

mexicanus  (Caloptenus) 19, 404 

(Paradicbroplus) 19, 404 

miguelitana  (Conalcaea) 24 

mikado  (Pezotettix) 405 

milberti  ( Acridium) 360, 404 

militaris  (Melanoplus) 224 

mimica  (Paraidemona) 43 

minor  (Caloptenus) 303,  337, 404 

(Melanoplus) 337,  404 

minutipennie  (Pezotettix) 327,  404 


Page. 

missionum  (Melauoplus) • 246 

modestus  (Melanoplus) 163 

montana  (Platyphyma) 232,  290, 404 

montanus  ( Asemoplu.s) 394, 404 

(Bradynotes) 394,404 

(Hesperotettix) 57 

(Melauoplus) 232,  404 

monticola  (Melanoplus) 102,  290 

nebrascensis  (Eu prepocuemis) 378 

(Pezotettix) 377,  404 

(Phoetaliotes) 377,  403, 404,  405 

(Phoetaliotesuebrasccnsis).  377,  378 

neomexicana  (Conalcaea) 26 

Netrosoma 4,  9. 16 

fusiformis 17 

nigropleura 17, 18 

nigrescens  (Caloptenus) 225,  404 

(Melanoplus) 225,  404, 405 

(Pezotettix) 225 

nigropleura  (Netrosoma) 18 

(Pezotettix) 18 

nigrovittatus  (Pezotettix) 396,  404 

( Pbilocleon) 396,  404 

nitidus  (Melanoplus) 207 

nubicola  (Podisma) 102 

nudus  (Pezotettix) 42,404 

ol/r-sa  (Bradynotes) 87,  404 

(Pezotettix) 404 

obesus  (Pezotettix) 87 

(Scopas) 406 

obovatipennis  (Melanoplus) 264,  404 

(Pezotettix) 204, 404 

obscurus  ( Melanoplus  devastator) 198 

occidentals  (Caloptenus) 145,  337, 404 

(Euprepoejiemis) 330 

(Melanoplus) 145, 1 48,  404,  405 

(Pezotettix) 322.  404 

oculatus  ( Aeoloplus) 79 

Oedaleonotus 5.  6, 14,  390 

enigma 5,  391,  403, 404 

enigma  collaris 391,  405 

enigma  enigma 391 

enigma  jucundus 391 

olivacea  (Campylacantba) 51,  404 

(Pezotettix) 404 

olivaceus  (Melanoplus) 370 

(Pezotettix) 31,  51 

Ommatolampis  brevipennis 63,  403 

viridis 57,64 

opiums  (Bradynotes) 83, 87, 404 

oregonensis  (Pezotettix) 1 10,  404 

(Podisma) 110,404 

pacificus  (Hesperotettix) 6jl 

(Melanoplus) 241,404 

(Pezotettix)  241,404 

packardii  (Melanoplus) 309, 403, 404 

palmeri  (Melanoplus) 230 

(Rhabdotettix) 34 

Pamphagus 96 

parabilis(  Pezotettix) 217 

Paradicbroplus 4,  9, 18 

aberrans 406 

bipunctatus 406 

borellii 406 

brunneri 406 


NO.  1124. 


nr.l'ISION  OF  THE  MELANOrLI—SCUDDER. 


419 


Paradichroplusinexicanus 19,  404 

varicolor 19,  21, 405 

Paraidemona 10,  32,  41 

mimica 42, 43 

pilosa 35 

punctata 42,  404 

Parat  ylotropidia -% 5, 12, 117 

brunneri 118 

sp 120 

parnassica  (Podisma) 113 

parnassicus  (Pezotettix) 113 

Paroxya 5,6,13,380 

atlantiea 381,  382,  383,  403 

tioridana 5,  7,  381,  383, 403, 404 

Horidana  texana 384 

hoosieri 381,  382, 404 

recta 383.404 

paroxyoides  (Melanoplus) 331 

parvulus  (Cephalotettix) 31 

(Pezotettix) 31 

parvus  (Caloptenus) 287, 404 

(Caloptenus  Melanoplus) 287 

(Melanoplus) .          287 

patruele  (Acridium  Podisma) 406 

patruelis  (Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

(Pezotettix  Dichroplus) 406 

pauper  (Melanoplus  marginatus) 330 

pedemontana  (Podisma) 112 

pedemontanus  (Pezotettix) 112 

pedestre  (Acrydium) 116 

pedestris  (Gryllus) 116 

(Pezotettix) 116 

(Podisma) 116 

Pedies  virescens 405,  406 

IVl.-cyclus 96 

peninsulae  (Barytettix) 28 

peruvianus  (Dichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 406 

Pezotettiges 3 

Pezotettix 3,18,94,96,97 

ahditum 227,  403 

acntipennis 50,  403 

afliliatus 355 

alba 47,403 

alpicola 117 

alpinus 116 

altitudinum 236 

amoenus 406 

angustipennis 22 

antisanae 406 

apterus 396 

aridus 209,403 

arkansana 309 

406 

217 

aspirans 105,  403 

atlanis 179 

atlanticus 3H3 

autumnalis 378, 403 

aztecus 45 

baldensis 114 

bergii 406 

bivittatus 364 

bohemani 105,  403 


arrogaus 
artemisiae 


Pezotettix  borckii 243, 261 

borealis 98,  267, 403 

chenopodii 74 

cliens 406 

cobellii 113 

costae 113 

dawsoni 227,403 

(Dichroplus)  arrogans 406 

(Dichroplu-s)  Hiens 406 

(Dichroplus)  lemuiscatus 406 

(Dichroplus)  patruelis 406 

differentials 350 

discolor 149, 403 

dodgei 105, 107 

dumicolus 318, 403 

edax 360,403 

enigma 391, 403 

fauriei 405 

femur  rubrum 280 

flabellatus 251, 403 

flavoannulatus 403 

frigidus 117 

f  uscipes 247 

glacialis 98,101,404 

gracilipes 238 

gracilis.. 327,404 

helluo 374 

hispidus 81,  404 

hoosieri  382,  404 

humph reysii 206,  207,  209,  404 

inornatus 254 

jucundus 391,404 

junius 287,404 

lakinus 141,404 

lemniscatus 406 

longicornis 260,  264, 404 

manca 218, 404 

marc  1 1  lent  u  s 1 39 

marginatus 330, 404 

marshallii 105, 108,  236. 404 

megacepbala 377,  404 

(Melanoplus)  borckii 243 

(Melanoplus)  femur  rubrum  . .          279 

mendax 115 

mexicana 404, 405 

mikado 405 

minutipennis 327,  404 

nebrascensis 377.  404 

nigrescens 225 

nigropleura 18 

nigrovittatus 396, 404 

nudus 42, 404 

obesa 404 

obesus 87 

obovatipennis 264,404 

occidentals 322.  404 

olivacea 404 

olivaceus 31,  51 

oregonensis 110, 404 

pacificus 24 1, 404 

parabilis.  217 

parnassicus 113 

parvulus 31 

patruelis 406 

pedemontanus 112 


420 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 


VOL.  XX. 


Page. 

P«*otettix  pedestris 96,  116 

peruvianus 406 

picta 404 

pilosus 35,  404 

plagosus 76,  404 

plebejus 326,404 

propinquus 235 

puer 252,  266,  404 

punctatua 42, 404 

punctulatus 406 

pupacformis 326.  404 

pyrcnaer.a 114 

rectus 383 

rileyanus 151 

robustulus 406 

robustua 351 

rotundipennis  . . : 263,  264,  404 

rubricrua 213 

rusticua 240,  405 

aalamandra 113, 114 

sanguiuipes 230 

schmidtii 115 

.scudderi 212,  235;  236,  324,  405 

septeiitrionalis 270,  405 

signata 54 

apeciosa 405 

speciosua 66 

spretus 135 

stupefactus 104,  405 

aumichrasti 364,  405 

telluatria 227,  405 

tenuipennis 244 

texanus B24, 405 

(Trigonopbyma)  fuscus 406 

unicolor 213,405 

variabilia 319 

varicolor 21, 405 

variegatus 405 

viola 322,355,405 

virgatus 199 

viridicrus 255 

viridipes 255 

viridis 57 

viridulua 255 

vivax 52, 405 

•washingtonianua 233, 405 

zimmermanni 225, 405 

Pbaedrotettix 4,  9, 22 

anguatipennia 

Phaulotettix 4, 10, 29 

compresaua 30 

Philocleon 4,14,396 

nigrovittatua 396,  404 

Pboetaliotea 5,6,13,376 

nebrascensia  ...  5, 6,  377, 403, 404,  405 
nebraacenaia  nebraacenaia..  377,  378 

nebraacensia  volucria 378, 379 

picta  (Pezotettix) 404 

picticornia  (Caloptenua  Heaperotettix) . . .  386,  404 

(Poecilotettix) 386, 404 

pictum  (Dactylotum) 403, 404 

pictua  (Melanoplua) 156 

pilosa  (Paraidemona) 35 

pilosua  (Pezotettix) 35,404 

(Rhabdotettix) 35,  404 

pinguis  (Bradynotea) 85 

plagoaua  (Aeoloplus) 76,404 

(Pezotettix) 76,404 

Platyphyma 96 

azteca .'. 45 

aztecum 403 


Page. 

Platyphyma  giornae 96 

mexicanum 19,  401 

montaua 232,  290,  404 

plebejua  (Melanoplus) 326,  404 

(Pezotettix) 326,404 

plumbeua  (Melanoplus) 276,  401 

plum  bum  (Caloptenus) 276,  404 

Podisma 5,  6, 12,  9 1 

alpina 6. 112,116 

alpina  alpina    1 10 

alpina  collina 1H> 

appulum 96 

ascensor 98, 107 

baldensia 112, 114 

borckii 243 

calabrum 96 

campanula 96 

cobellii 111,113 

communia 90 

costae Ill,  113 

dairisama 112, 114 

dodgei 98, 105, 403 

edax 360 

fieberi 112, 115 

frigida 112,117 

frigidum 116, 117 

glacialis 97, 98, 101, 404 

longicornia 264 

manca 218 

marshallii 98, 108, 404 

nubicola 98. 102 

oregonenaia 98, 110,  40 i 

parnassica Ill,  li:i 

pedemontana 111.  11J 

pedestria 112,  1  lt> 

primnoa 112, 117 

pyreuaea Ill,  114 

salamandra 111,114 

schmidtii .  112, 115 

scudderi 213 

septentrionalia 270 

stupefacta 98, 104,  405 

subalpinuin 116 

variegata 97, 101 

viridis 406 

zimmermanni 225 

Poecilotettix 5, 13,  385 

coccinatua 386,  389 

picticornia 386,  404 

sanguineus 386,  387 

Poepedetes  corallinua 403,  405 

pouderoaus  (Caloptenus) 354,  404 

(Melanoplua) 354 

pratenais  (Heaperotettix) 151 

primnoa  (Eupodisma) 117 

(Podiama) 117 

Primnoa  viridis 117 

propinquus  {Melanoplua) 285 

.     (Pezotettix) 285 

puer  (Melanoplus) 252,  404 

.  (Pezotettix) 252,  266,  404 

pulchellum  ( Acridium) 116 

punctata  ( Paraidemona ) 42, 404 

punctatua  ( Tezotettix) 42,  401 

punctulatus  ( Caloptenus) 374, 404 

(Dichroplua) 406 

( Gryllua) 406 

(Melanoplus) 374,404 

(Pezotettix) 406 

pupaeformia  (Pezotettix) 326,404 

puaillus  (Gymnoacirtetes) 15 


NO.  1124. 


REVISION  OF  THE  MELANOPLI—SCUDDER. 


421 


Page. 

pyrenaea  ( Podisma) H4 

pyrenaeus  ( I'ezotettix) 114 

quercus  (l)cndrotettix) 92,404 

(Dendrotettix  longipennis) 92 

recta  (Paroxva) 383, 404 

ivctus(Mrlai)opliis) 267,404 

(IV/otcttix) 383 

retrrta  (  Hrady  notes) 

retiexus  ( Mclanoplus) 

rejralis  (Aeoloplus).  ..-* 71,404 

(Caloptenus) 71,404 

(Melanoplus) 71 

repletus  (Caloptenus) 404,405 

Khabuotettix 4,10.32 

concinnus 

palmer! 33,34 

pilosus 33,35,404 

rileyanus  (Melanoplus) 

(Pezotettix) 151 

robustulus  (I)ichroplus) 406 

(Pezotettix) 

robustus  (Caloptenus) 354,  404 

( \Telanoplus) 354.  404 

(Pezotettix) 354 

rotundipennis  (Melanoplus) 263, 404 

( Pezotettix) 263, 264,  404 

rubricrus  (Pezotettix) 213 

rutipes  (Melanoplus  packardii) 309 

rufovittata  (Aptenopedes) 401,  405 


240, 405 
240,  405 
113, 114 
114 
261 
405 
405 
387 
236 

378, 405 
280,  405 
89 

scandens  (Melanoplus  extremus) 288,  289 

schmidtii  (Pezotettix) 

(Podisma) 

scitulus  (Melanoplus) 

Scopas  

obesua 

Scotussa  

impudica 

scriptus  (Caloptenua) 

(Melanoplus). 


rusticus  (Melanoplus) 

(Pezotettix) 

salamandra  (Pezotettix) 

(Podisnia)  

saltator  (Melanoplus) 

sanguineipes  (Acrydium) 

(Calliptamus) 

sanguineus  (Poecilot ettix) 

sanguii.ipes  (Pezotettix) 

sauguinorephalus  (Caloptenus) 
sangninolentns  (Caloptenus) . . . 
satur  (Bradynotes) . 


4 

406 

405,406 

1., 174 

scudderi  (Melanoplus) 212. 405 

(Pezotettix) 212,235,324,405 

(Podisma) 213 

selectus  (Caloptenus) 405, 406 

septentrionalis  (Melanoplus) 270 

(Pezotettix) 270,405 

sierranus  (Melanoplus) 193 

signata  (Pezotettix) 54 

si»natus  (Eotettix) 54 

similis  (Campylacantha) 52 

simplex  (Melanoplus) 150 

Sinaloa 4,10,40 

behrensii 40 

snowii  (Melanoplus) 274 

sonorae  (Melanoplua) 143 

specio8a(Hypocblora)...  66 

(Pezotettix) 405 

speciosns  (Hesperotettix) 66,  404, 405 

(Pezotettix) 66 


Page. 

spbenarioides  ( Aptenopedes) 400, 405 

spretis  ( Acridium) 185.  405 

spretus  (Caloptenus) 178, 184 

(Mi-lanoplus) 184, 185, 405 

(Pezotettix) 185 

Stenobotbrus  parallelus 96 

Stethophyma 96 

strobelii  (Acridium) 406 

stupefacta  (Podisma) 104, 405 

stupefactus  (Pezoiettix) 104,405 

subalpinum  (Podisma) 116 

sunrchrasti  (Pezotettix) 364,405 

tellustris  ( Melanoplus  dawsoni) 227, 228 

(Pezotettix)...   .- 227,405 

tenebrosus  (Melanoplus) 341,405 

teuuipennis  (Aeoloplus) 70 

(Melanoplus) 244 

(Pezotettix) 244 

terminals  (Melanoplus) 293 

texana  (Paroxya  floridaua) 384 

406  j   texanus  (Melauoplus) 324,405 

(Pezotettix) 324, 405 

tbomasi  (Melanoplus) 368 

truncatipennis  (Conalcaea) 25 

turnbulli  (Aeoloplus) 75, 405 

(Caloptenus) 75 

(Melanoplus) 75 

typicalis  (Melanoplus  devastator) 199 

unicolor  ( Atraehelacris) 406 

(Pezotettix) 213, 405 

uniformis  (Aeoloplus) 

(Melanoplus) 201 

utahensis  ( Melanoplus) 167 

valga  (Cyclocercus) 

variabilis  (Melanoplus) 

(Pezotettix) 

varicolor  (Paradicbroplus) . . . 

(Pezotettix) 

variegata  (Podisma) 

variegatum  (Dactylotum)  — 

variegatus  (Pezotettix) 

variolosus  (Melanoplus) 145,  405 

115  I  viola  (Melanoplus) 355,405 

115  (Pezotettix) 322,355,405 

249      virescens  (Pedies) 405.406 

4   I   virgatus  (Melanoplus) 19» 

406  |  (IY/.oH'ttix) 199 

viridirrus  <  Pe/.nt.-ttix) 255 

viridiprs  ( Melanopius) 

(Pezotettix) 255 

viridis  (Caloptenus) 57,405 

(Hesperotettix) 57,60,63,64,78,405 


319 
319 

21,  405 

21,405 

101 

405 

405 


(Ommatolampis) 57, 64 

(Pezotettix) 57 

(Podisma) 406 

(Primnoa) 117 

viridulus  (Pezotettix) 255 

vittigerum  ( Acridium) 406 

vivax  (Campylacantha) 52,  405 

(Pezotettix) 52,405 

volaticus  ( Melanoplns  fasciatus) 268, 270 

volucris  (Caloptenus) 378, 405 

(Phoetaliotes  nebrascensis) 378,379 

vralsliii(  Melanoplus) 235 

washingtonianus  (Melauoi)lus) 233, 405 

(Pezotettix) 233, 405 

yarrowSi  (Calopten us) 369, 405 

(M.-lanoplus) 369,405 

ziniiiierniaiini  (Pezotettix) 21T-,  4<i.'i 

(Podisma) 225 


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